2022-2023学年河南省郑州市外国语学校高三上学期1月月考英语试题 听力

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省郑州市外国语学校高三上学期1月月考英语试题 听力，共13页。试卷主要包含了5分），15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高三上学期1月月考
英 语
（120分钟 150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Drinking tea. B. Developing a habit. C. Preparing a gift.
2. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Attend the party. B. Invite some people. C. Buy some food.
3. How much did the woman pay?
A. $100. B. $80. C. $50.
4. When will the speakers have dinner with Ken?
A. Next Thursday. B. This Friday. C. This Saturday.
5. What does the woman think of the ice cream?
A. Tasty. B. Costly. C. Nutritious.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. A couple. C. Strangers.
7. What will the man probably do tomorrow?
A. Hang out with colleagues. B. Drink some beer. C. Go to the gym.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is a disadvantage of Sea Level?
A. It’s expensive. B. It’s small. C. It’s far.
9. Where is Sounds of Brazil?
A. Next to a bank. B. Opposite a theater. C. Across from a restaurant.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Famous adventurers. B. Extreme climates. C. Travel plans.
11. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman’s plan?
A. Supportive. B. Concerned C. Opposed
12. What can we know about the man?
A. He has hiking experience.
B. He offers to be a guide.
C. He is a professional trainer.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man planning to buy?
A. A house. B. A farm. C. A garden.
14. What do we know about the house?
A. It needs fixing. B. It has one bedroom. C. It is large.
15. What does the man suggest the woman grow?
A. Corn. B. Wheat C. Potatoes.
16. How do the speakers get the money?
A. By saving. B. By getting a bank loan. C. By borrowing from friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A. The U.N. officials. B. Governors in rich countries. C. The public.
18. What is responsible for the largest food waste?
A. Homes. B. Stores. C. Food service companies.
19. What does the U.N. report say about food waste?
A. It covers over one fifth of the worlds food.
B. Its root causes are clear to governments.
C. It may result from reduced prices.
20. What does the speaker mainly intend to do?
A. Present consequences of food waste.
B. Appeal for reduction of food waste.
C. Offer solutions to food waste.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
On a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.
Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio Pron
In April 1945, Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.
When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi
At thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.
To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee
Set in a small Alabama town in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.
Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story, by Bess Kalb
Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone from Belarus to America to survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.
21.What type of book is the first novel?
A.Sci-fi.   B.Biography.   C.Detective books.   D.History books.
22.Which book explores life and death?
A.To Kill a Mockingbird.
B.When Breath Becomes Air.
C.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets.
D.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story.
23.Who is the main character in the last novel?
A.Bobby Bell.   B.Bess Kalb.   C.Bess’s mother.   D.Bobby’s mother.
B
One rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when a young woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.
The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn't sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they weren't together. She was flustered and looked embarrassed.
Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could sit together. The mom smiled as a thank-you, and then three words came out of the older woman's mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: "I've been there."
Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why? Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that as we forge through life. We focused on our own troubles and needs-which are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life? Ask yourself: “Where am I holding back?”
One thing I know for sure is this: Healing others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recently with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage(流产) under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our minds need a doctor to explain the medical side of things. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.
Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone's uncomfortable---because we're all in this together.
24. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word "flustered" in the second paragraph?
A.angry   B.eager C.scared   D.upset
25.What does the woman mean by saying" I've been there" in the third paragraph?
A.The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.
B.The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.
C.The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.
D.The woman took the exact seat that the boy was on just now.
26.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Everyone has his or her own unique problem that is difficult to solve.
B.Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.
C.The author's friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.
D.One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.
27.The passage is intended to ________.
A.show a harmonious world by telling some touching stories
B.praise those who are willing to help others in emergencies
C.appeal to readers to give timely help to those in need
D.illustrate some ways of helping others in detail
C
A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will exhibit technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.
The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for Earth-bound life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.
The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.
ELSA-d, which stands for End-of-Life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a “servicer satellite” and a “client satellite” that launched together, according to Astroscale, the Japan-based company behind the mission. Using a magnetic docking technology, the servicer will release and try to “date” with the client, which will act as a model piece of space junk.
The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite’s ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity.
The spacecraft is not designed to capture dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with compatible docking plates on them.
According to NASA, cleaning up space—and addressing the risks associated with debris—depend on preventing the accumulation of more waste and actively removing it.
The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a model satellite. The European Space Agency also plans to send a self-destructing robot into orbit in 2025, which the organization’s former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.
These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit with a “mega-constellation” of satellites.
28. What do we know about space junk?
A. It has a potential effect on our daily life. B. It circles around the earth alongside satellites.
C. It is what astronauts desert in outer space. D. It has been cleaned up several times so far.
29. What does the author tell us about ELSA-d in paragraph 4?
A. Its achievements in space. B. Its theoretical principle.
C. Its two new satellites. D. Its space mission in orbit.
30. What’s the purpose of designing the spacecraft?
A. Removing existing space junk in orbit. B. Testing docking technology.
C. Sending astronauts into space. D. Capturing satellites to be launched.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. ELSA-d’s experimental process. B. Dead satellites floating in orbit.
C. New effort to clean up space junk. D. The application of docking technology.
D
In over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his research findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses. As a faculty member at the University of North Cai'olina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses. But he has never actually managed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position. The dual roles can present huge conflicts.
Conflicts of interest（COIs）occur when an individual’s personal interests—family, friendships, financial, or social factors—could compromise his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them. Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.
In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Researchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators. Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.
Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then decide whether the interest presents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, researchers must abandon the work, partner with researchers at other institutions, or leave their university.
Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator's company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they weren't actually working for his private companies.
Relationships can pose conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers. Members of the American Society for Human Genetics program committee, which selects abstracts and talks for their annual meeting, must recuse （要求回避）themselves from considering talks by, for example, researchers at their current and past institutions, close collaborators and those with whom they have personal or familial ties.
Even differing points of view can play a part. Scacheri, a geneticist who chairs the committee, says that members who have disagreed personally with potential speakers might also be obliged to recuse themselves: "If you feel like you can't be an impartial（公正的）reviewer, that is considered a COI."
Handling COIs can be burdensome. COI managers emphasize that the goal is not to suppress innovation, but to expose potential conflicts so that they can be managed. “Nothing about the process is meant to be prohibitive,”says Grewal, a COI officer at MIT. Her institution wants to enable good science and the betterment of humanity. “During that process,” she says, “if you make some money, that's good as well.”
32. The example of DeSimone in Paragraph 1 is used mainly to__________ .
A. raise a question B. report a finding
C.introduce a topic D. present a theory
33. To better deal with COIs, ______________________ .
A. researchers have to quit their job at the university.
B. researchers should report the conflicts that possibly exist.
C. institutions need to monitor the staff's career and relationships.
D. institutions should train researchers to create management plans.
34.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Grewal considers COI management exhausting and costly.
B. Walt arranged to transfer discoveries at his lab to his companies.
C. Conference organizers should avoid inviting unqualified speakers.
D. Scacheri believes personal viewpoints may impact a reviewer’s decision.
35. What can we infer from the passage?
A. COIs can be defined depending on interpretations.
B. COIs benefit scientific innovation and better humanity.
C. COIs arise primarily due to the pursuit of financial gains.
D. COIs can be got rid of by promoting fairness in workplaces.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Food plays an essential role in our lives and rightfully so: The food we eat is related to our culture. 36 . Don’t believe me? Here’s why food is the best way to understand a culture:
37 .
It doesn’t matter where you’re from-you have to eat. Your social culture most likely developed from the need to eat. Once they surpassed hunting and gathering, many early civilizations organized themselves in ways that promoted food distribution and production. That also meant that the animals, land and resources you were near governed what you’d consume and how you’d prepare and cook it.
Food preservation techniques are unique to climates and lifestyles.
Ever wonder why the process to preserve meat is so different around the world? 38 . In Morocco, if preserved correctly, Khlea, a dish, is still good for two years when stored at room temperature. That makes much sense in Morocco, which has had a strong nomadic（游牧的）population, desert landscape, and extremely warm, dry temperatures.
The main local cuisines illustrate historical eating patterns.
Some societies have cuisines that are entirely based on meat, and others are almost entirely plant-based. India’s cuisine is extremely varied from region to region, with meat and wheat heavy dishes in the far north, to spectacular fish delicacies in the east, to rice-based vegetarian diets in the south. 39 .
Food tourism.
40 . A food tourist won’t just focus on having a pint at Oktoberfest, but will be interested in learning the German beer making process, and possibly how they can make their own fresh beer. Since their interest in food is more than meal deep, the tourists have the chance to learn local preparation techniques that can lead to other aspects of a particular region’s culture.
A. Food affects the civilization
B. Food is a universal necessity
C. And the western part is home to strict vegetarians
D. Some people have a trip just for enjoying the food
E. It has to do with local resources, needs, and climates
F. You can learn much about a particular culture by exploring their food
G. Some people have taken the combination of food and culture to a new level
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Courage involves the balance between fear and bravery. Without fear, we’ll do foolish things. And without courage, we’ll never step into the ____41____. The balance of the two is where the ____42____ lies, and it’s a balance we all deal with every day.
It was frightening news when I was first diagnosed because I had no ____43____ with chronic(慢性的)illness or disabilities. And I had no idea how the disease might ____44____. But I continued to ____45____ my dream of working all over the world. And then my work brought me to the United States. And even as the disease progressed ____46____ and I needed leg braces(支架)and a walker to ____47____, I still longed for adventure. And this time, I started dreaming of a ____48____ outdoor adventure.
Sitting eight feet above the ground, riding a horse, I got the impression of the Grand Canyon—one of ___49___ and terror. But there was no _____50_____. In the first hour, disaster struck. Going down an oversized step, I was ____51____  forward and hit my face on the back of the horse’s head. There was _____52_____. My head hurt fiercely, but the path was too narrow for me to _____53_____ the horse.
Now that the trip is over, I know that I would never do horseback-riding again. The _____54_____, all that planning and the trip itself showed me a level of _____55_____ I had never experienced before. But more importantly, it showed me how boldly _____56_____ I can be.
In facing my fears and finding the courage to _____57_____ them, I swear my life has been _____58_____. So live big and try to let your courage _____59_____ your fear. You never know where it might _____60_____ you.
41．A．unimportant B．unfair C．unknown D．undesirable
42．A．intention B．magic C．outcome D．option
43．A．experience B．direction C．relationship D．mood
44．A．emerge B．adapt C．progress D．extend
45．A．present B．purchase C．interpret D．pursue
46．A．flexibly B．mildly C．evenly D．significantly
47．A．get around B．go over C．come along D．hold on
48．A．random B．grand C．romantic D．historical
49．A．regret B．disgust C．shock D．embarrassment
50．A．settling down B．turning down C．trying out D．giving up
51．A．knocked B．thrown C．stuck D．hurried
52．A．panic B．stress C．relaxation D．silence
53．A．fall off B．get off C．take off D．cut off
54．A．spectacle B．horizon C．magnificence D．expedition
55．A．delight B．calmness C．persistence D．fear
56．A．peaceful B．attracted C．courageous D．smart
57．A．push through B．get away with C．put out D．hold back
58．A．grave B．busy C．extraordinary D．happy
59．A．outline B．overweigh C．overlook D．outnumber
60．A．take B．bring C．keep D．guard
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For much of history, reading was a fairly noisy activity. Today, however, the majority of us bottle the words in our heads as if 　　　61　　　　(sit) in a library. 
Recent studies provide enough evidence 　　　62　　　 the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories 　　　63　　　 strengthening emotional bonds between people. 
According to research on the impact of reading on memory, people consistently remember words and texts 　　　64　　　(well) if reading them aloud than if reading them silently. This phenomenon has been named the “production effect”, which means that producing 　　　65　　　(write) words—namely, reading them out loud—improves our memory of them. Even just silently mouthing the words makes 　　　66　　　(they) more memorable. 
One reason why people remember the spoken words better is that it gives us 　　67　　　　 additional basis for memory. We are 　　　68　　　　(general) better at recalling events that require active involvement. For instance, producing a word in 　　　69　　　　(respond) to a question makes it easier to remember. 
In time when our interactions with others and the large amount of information we take in 　　　70　　　(be) all too transient(转瞬即逝的), perhaps it is worth making a bit more time for reading out loud. 
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Aimed to enhance students’ awareness of responsibility, a coming-of-age ceremony was held on the school playground on last Friday.
Initially, the Senior 3 students made an oath that they will do their utmost to become qualified citizen. They swore to commit themselves for society. Then they conveyed their sincerely gratitude to their parents which had gone through numerous hardships to raise them. Two hours late, the ceremony was put to end with splendid performances.
This activity benefited all participants, inspire them to exploit their full potential to fulfill their dreams and shoulder the responsibilities for our families and society.

第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
假定你是李华，你的英国网友Forbes打算抽空到中国学习太极(Tai Chi)，他写信向你求助，请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1．介绍学太极的好处；
2．负责联系学习地点和老师。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

Dear Forbes，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua


郑州市名校2022-2023学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题答案
第一部分： 听力 1—5 CABCB 6—10 ACABC 11—15 BABAC 16—20 ACACB
第二部分： 21-23 CBA 24-27 DCDC 28-31 28 ABDC 32-35CBDA 36-40 FBECG
第三部分：
第一节：41．C    42．B    43．A    44．C    45．D    46．D    47．A    48．B    49．C    50．D    51．B    52．A  53．B    54．D    55．D    56．C    57．A    58．C    59．B    60．A
第二节：
语篇填空
61.sitting　解析:分析句子成分可知,as if引导的状语从句的主语和主句主语一致, 因而省略了从句的主语和be动词, 故填sitting。
62.that　解析:分析句子成分可知, 空格处引导同位语从句, 从句中不缺成分, 因此填连词that。
63.to　解析:由句意可知, 此处为from...to...结构, 意为 “从……到……”, 故填to。
64.better　解析:根据下文的than可知, 此处应填副词的比较级形式better。
65.written　解析:分析句子成分可知, 空格处做定语, 修饰名词words, 且write与words之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 故填written。
66.them　解析:分析句子成分可知, 空格处做宾语, 指代上文的the words, 故填代词them。
67.an　解析:句中的basis为可数名词, 此处表示泛指, 且additional以元音音素开头, 应使用不定冠词an修饰, 故填an。
68.generally　解析:分析句子成分可知, 空格处在句中做状语, 应用副词, 故填generally。
69.response　解析:in response to为固定短语, 意为 “对……做出反应”, 故填response。
70.are　解析:根据上下文语境可知, 此处应使用一般现在时。根据our interactions with others and the large amount of information可知, 谓语动词应使用复数形式, 故填are。
第四部分：
第一节：
短文改错
第一句，删掉on。考査介词的合理使用。在last, this, next, every Friday之前不用介词。
第二句，will改为would。考查情态动词的过去时。“make an oath宣誓”的时间是在活动举办的时候，也就是在过去时空，故而其后的同位语从句的时空也应该是过去时。
第二句，citizen改为citizens。考查名词的单复数。
第三句，for改为to。考查动词短语的固定搭配。commit oneself to sth.投身于
第四句，sincerely改为sincere。考查形容词。修饰gratitude这一名词，应用形容词。
第四句，which改为who/that。考查定语从句关系代词。先行词为parents,是人，故用who或者that。
第五句，late改为later。考查固定短语的副词，Two hours later两小时后。
第五句，was put to end中end前加an。原本的短语应该是put sth to an end。
第六句，inspire改为inspiring，分词做结果状语。
第六句，our改为their。考查人称一致性，与前文的they保持一致。
第二节：
One possible version:
Dear Forbes，
It is amazing for me to know that you show great preference for Tai Chi and are willing to learn it soon. I'm quite sure that I can give you a hand gladly.
Tai Chi is not only an ancient martial art, but has also been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise. Famous for its graceful and well­balanced movements, Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation and physical fitness that are so essential in our modern stressful lives.
Concerning your learning location and instructor, I'm so proud to tell you that I have the ability to recommend the best school and best trainer in our city to you, for actually my uncle is a master of Tai Chi who is always invited to instruct others all over the country. As a result, you can rely on me.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours，
Li Hua