2023山东省某重点高中高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

2022-2023学年度第一学期期末考试

高一英语试题

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Which country is Jessie in now?

A. Australia. B. England. C. France.

2. What did the woman forget to bring?

A. Her tickets. B. Her handbag. C. Her gloves.

3. What does the man suggest they do next?

A. Have a coffee. B. Find their seats. C. Buy an ice cream.

4. What department is the woman moving to?

A. Department of Culture.

B. Department of Agriculture.

C Department of Environment.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A football match. B. A trip to Brazil. C. A sports star.

第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。

6. Where are the speakers?

A. At the man’s house. B. At a barber shop. C. At an office.

7. What color is the woman’s hair now?

A Black. B. Blonde. C. Brown.

听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。

8. What book did the girl discuss in her English class?

A. Harry Potter. B. The Book Thief. C. Dark Matter.

9. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Writer and reader.

听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。

10. Why does the man make the call?

A. To arrange a car service. B. To find out a price. C. To sell a car.

11. What will be different this month?

A. The cost of repairs.

B. The time required for repairs.

C. The price of a Super Tune.

12. What will the man do next?

A. Send an e-mail. B. Speak to an expert. C. Meet the woman’s husband.

听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。

13. How is the woman feeling about the game?

A. Anxious. B. Excited. C. Calm.

14. What sport will the woman play tonight?

A. Basketball. B. Volleyball. C. Football.

15. How did the woman become team leader?

A. Her teacher chose her.

B. She had the best scores.

C. The previous leader got injured.

16. What will the man do tonight?

A. Watch a match.

B. Study at home.

C. Play a sport with friends.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Who is the speaker talking to?

A. Players. B. Film stars. C. Reporters.

18. How long will the matches probably last?

A. Two days. B. Seven days. C. Fifteen days.

19. What are the listeners asked to do?

A Speak quietly. B. Dress nicely. C. Turn off their phones.

20. What will happen first?

A. The audience will take photos.

B. A player will answer questions.

C. The audience will leave the meeting.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Hovis has been making krumkake since she learned as a young girl alongside her grandma. Every Christmas, Hovis’ family would drive from DeKalb to Rochelle, where she and her mom would join her grandma in the kitchen. The rest of the family would hang out in the living room where they could smell the sweet treats as they waited to bite into the crispy cookies.

Grandma died when she was 13, but the krumkake tradition didn’t end then. This Christmas, Hovis is headed to her aunt’s house where she plans to make krumkake with her two nephews (侄子). “I’ll be able to share that with them and tell them the story of their great-grandmother,” Hovis said.

“Hopefully they will have an interest in continuing that ... so the recipe and the tradition can carry on.”

Krumkake

Ingredients

● 3/4 cup sugar ● 1 cup flour

● 3 eggs ● 1 teaspoon vanilla

● 1 cup heavy whipping cream ● a little of salt

Instructions

● Stir sugar and eggs well.

● Add half the cream to the sugar and egg mixture and mix well.

● Mix in the flour and stir until very smooth, then add the rest of the ingredients. Keep the mixture thin enough so that it spreads easily when poured.

● Pour on a very hot iron and press until browned. Bake each side of the cookie for about 30 seconds.

● Remove and immediately roll onto a stick until cool. A knife or a fork comes in handy to help you get the cookie off the iron. Enjoy!

1. What is Hovis’ family tradition at Christmas?

A. Dining out. B. Travelling around.

C. Hanging out. D. Enjoying cookies.

2. What do we know about the ingredients?

A. Five ingredients are needed.

B. More flour than sugar should be added.

C. Vanilla and cream are of the same amount.

D. They should be exactly measured.

3. What may lead to a successful krumkake?

A. Add the cream before stirring sugar and eggs.

B. Keep the mixture thin enough to spread.

C. Bake the cookie for about 30 seconds.

D. Use a knife to cut it into pieces.

B

Five-year-old Willard Wigan couldn’t tell the difference between an M and a W or a 6 and a 9 because of dyslexia, a learning disability. Usually, his mind drifted — to playing outside, to his dog, or to the ants. Willard was especially curious about those ants. He felt like them, small and insignificant. He noticed the ants were coming and going from a hole in the dirt. Gathering pieces of wood, Willard constructed a little building for ants.

At school, Willard still had problems, but he knew he could do something special. Willard created tiny furniture for the ant houses. His artistic skill increased, and a love for little things began to grow. At age nine, Willard began carving (雕刻) faces on toothpicks. When he showed his mother the carved faces, she said, “This is what you do well. You must work hard to be the best.” Years later, Willard carves the tiniest artwork in the world! His sculptures are so small that several can fit on a full stop at the end of a sentence.

Willard works best at night when there are few disturbances. He often works for months to complete a sculpture. Willard’s favorite paintbrush is one hair from the back of a dead fly! To move his sculptures, Willard uses an eyelash. But even that can be tough. Once, while moving a microscopic Alice in Wonderland, his cell phone rang. Terrified, Willard took in a quick breath. When he looked back, Alice was gone. After working for weeks to carve her, he’d accidentally breathed her in!

Willard sculpts everything from famous people to fictional characters. Because of their beauty and rarity, his sculptures have made Willard a wealthy man. But he says, “Success isn’t about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring; it’s about persevering and achieving your dreams.” Willard Wigan who felt small as a boy has shown something small can really be big.

4. What can we know about Willard from paragraph 1?

A. He was interested in math.

B. He had a physical problem.

C. He was crazy about building.

D. He thought himself unimportant.

5. What is Willard especially good at?

A. Playing word puzzles. B. Observing animals.

C. Creating tiny artworks. D. Making furniture.

6. What can we infer from paragraph 3?

A. Willard is nervous when working at night.

B. Willard uses traditional tools in carving.

C. Alice in Wonderland is a huge success.

D. Carving takes a lot of time and effort.

7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. The Big Little Artwork. B. House Building for Ants.

C. The True Meaning of Success. D. A Boy with a Disability.

C

Whom should you marry? Where should you live? How should you spend your time? For centuries, people have relied on their sixth sense to figure out answers to these life-changing questions. However, now as amounts of information about all aspects of human behaviour have become more and more accessible, we can use this big data to help decide on the best choice.

Consider this question: what makes people happy? Data have revealed the activities that provide far more enjoyment than most of us would have guessed, such as exercising, going to a museum and gardening. Then there are the things that give us less pleasure than you might assume, such as playing video games, watching TV and surfing the internet. Watching sports games involving your favourite team can be really dangerous to your mood, it turns out.

Another way to be happier is to marry well. Here, too, data is offering us new insights. One study by 86 researchers collected information on more than 11,000 romantic couples. They used machine learning models to understand what predicts romantic satisfaction. They found many highly desired features, such as a partner’s attractiveness and height, have just about no relation with long-term happiness. Instead, psychological (心理上的) qualities, such as having a so-called “growth mindset”, were likely to play a bigger part in developing romantic satisfaction.

These are the early days of the data revolution (革命) in personal decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource our lifestyle choices to algorithms (算法), though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by referring to evidence from thousands or millions of people who faced difficulties similar to ours. And we can do that now.

8. Why does the author put forward several questions at paragraph 1?

A. To throw doubt on people’s sixth sense.

B. To introduce a new way to make choices.

C. To guide readers to think over their previous life.

D. To compare some confusions of common people.

9. What activities will bring people more fun according to the data?

A. Exercising and watching sports games.

B. Playing video games and gardening.

C. Surfing the internet and watching TV.

D. Going to the museum and doing sports.

10. What can we learn from the information on 11000 romantic couples?

A. A partner’s appearance is the key to romantic satisfaction.

B. Taller males have more chances to have a happier life.

C. Features to keep romantic satisfaction are still unknown.

D. Psychological qualities matter more in long-term happiness.

11. What is the author’s attitude to big data in personal decision making?

A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Doubtful.

D

When put to the test, bees have proved over and over again that they’ve got a lot more to offer than making honey and now some scientists say there’s proof that they also like to play. A study recently published in Animal Behavior suggests that bumblebees, when given the chance, like to fool around with toys.

Researchers from Queen Mary University of London conducted an experiment in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area. But along the way, the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with several small wooden balls. Over 18 days, the scientists watched as the bees “went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly, though there seems to be no apparent cause to drive them to do so.”

The finding suggests that like humans, insects also interact with inanimate (无生命的) objects as a form of play. Also similar to people, younger bees seemed to be more playful than adult bees. “Previous research has shown that there are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals and birds. This study provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more advanced than we might imagine,” Lars Chittka, who led the study, said.

The study’s first author, Samadi Galpayage, who is a PhD student at Queen Mary University, added that it is the evidence that insects may be able to experience feelings. “They can actually experience some kind of positive emotional states, even if basic, like other larger fluffy (覆有绒毛的) animals do. This sort of finding has led to our understanding of insects and will, hopefully, encourage us to respect and protect life on earth ever more,” she said in the statement.

12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The conclusion of the research.

B. The assumption about the bees.

C. The description of the experiment.

D. The reasons for conducting the experiment.

13. What does the underlined word “apparent” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Clear. B. Preventable. C. Horrible. D. Different.

14. What can we learn from the study?

A. Birds like to fool around with toys.

B. Toys are more enjoyable to adult bees.

C. Humans seldom interact with lifeless objects for fun.

D. Insect minds are better developed than we thought.

15. Which statement will Samadi Galpayage agree to?

A. Insects experience the same emotions as humans do.

B. Fluffy animals fail to show positive emotional states.

C. More work is needed to protect endangered life on earth.

D. The finding improves our understanding of living things.

第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Festivals and concerts draw huge crowds, and are popular with people. But once a crowd reaches six or seven people per square meter, some may be crushed (挤压) against each other so tightly that they cannot move. ____16____This can get dangerous very quickly, so how can you increase your chances of survival in it?

First of all, try not to panic and save your energy. Panic will not help you free yourself from a developing disaster. ____17____If there is a crowd crush, you’ll need all the physical energy you can gather. And yelling and screaming will tire you out.

It’s best to go with the flow when the crowd is moving in one direction. If you don’t, the crowd behind you could crush you. If the group crowds together tightly, you will run out of air with the heavy weight over chest and the airway to your lungs will be blocked. ____18____

If you fall down in a large crowd, try to get up as quickly as possible. ____19____With your back curved (弯曲) forwards and your arms and legs folded in front of your body, you can protect your head and not be knocked when lying on the ground.

Crowd crushes happen at various types of gatherings around the world. ____20____With some preparation and the suggestions above, you can avoid being one of the people who don’t make it out.

A. Stay calm and focused.

B. Move to a safer location.

C. If you can’t, get in the right position.

D. But they are wholly predictable and avoidable.

E. Experts refer to such an accident as a crowd crush.

F. Place your hands on your chest and maintain firm footing.

G. Simply put, your breathing will be prevented because of all the outside pressure.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)

第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A boy aged 11 who let his hair grow to almost a foot and a half long, finally got a ____21____ after more than three years.

The kid, Kilian, is not sporting a new hairstyle to improve his appearance, but to help children in their ____22____with cancer. “He didn’t expect anything ____23____. He was about to do something ____24____, ” his mother said.

Despite the misunderstandings from others and the ____25____hair braiding (编织) that almost made him give up, Kilian was ____26____to help strangers. After ____27____it cost a lot to make a wig (假发), he decided to do more than ____28____the hair. He started to collect money and ended up raising $2,125.

Before leaving the salon (发廊) , Kilian received a call from Jeffrey, the founder of Wigs for Kids, who heard about his ____29____. “I know a little girl, who ____30____to be right in our neighborhood, could wear that hair. Kilian, you ____31____have a heart of gold!” Jeffrey ____32____to set up a meeting between Kilian and the girl who would receive the wig from his ____33____hair. And he also ____34____the touching story on Facebook, hoping Kilian’s ____35____in the last three years will inspire others to act.

21. A. chance B. surprise C. haircut D. prize

22. A. encounter B. struggle C. argument D. test

23. A. in return B. in addition C. in time D. in turn

24. A. reasonable B. fashionable C. worthwhile D. traditional

25. A. impossible B. informal C. unusual D. uncomfortable

26. A. careful B. ashamed C. determined D. talented

27. A. exploring B. understanding C. assuming D. discovering

28. A. acquire B. provide C. order D. sell

29. A. generosity B. inspiration C. patience D. honesty

30. A. agrees B. happens C. intends D. tends

31. A. obviously B. typically C. gradually D. regularly

32. A. preferred B. refused C. promised D. forgot

33. A. designed B. decorated C. donated D. colored

34. A. exchanged B. published C. proved D. posted

35 A. habit B. journey C. creativity D. energy

第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Leonora, a 51-year-old from the Philippines, ____36____(make) women’s dresses out of waste materials in recent years since she believes ____37____(wear) such clothes can be cheap and look good. To make her dresses, she uses ____38____foot-operated sewing (缝纫) machine to join together the waste materials, including recycled newspapers, plastic wrappers and rice bags, ____39____which Leonora makes her designs. The bubble (泡沫) wrappers from delivery packages are nice-looking and suitable for a good design, ____40____(particular) for making wedding dresses. They are also used for everything from wedding decoration to birthday ____41____(party).

In Asia, there is plenty of waste material for Leonora to apply. Most of the world’s ocean waste ____42____(carry) by Asian rivers. And her country, the Philippines, is responsible for one third of Asia’s ocean plastic pollution.

“The dresses are really ____43____(impress). It’s important to recycle such materials so we can help our earth,” said Lalaine ____44____buys clothes from Leonora.

Most of her dresses are used in the beauty ____45____(compete) and are popular with young girls. “I get delighted whenever they win. The designs are simple, but they still win,” she said.

第四部分 写作(共三节，满分 40 分)

第一节 完成句子(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)

46. ________, I breathed deeply.

心里七上八下，我深吸了一口气。

47. Lisa ________ our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.

莉萨今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。

48. I knew I had done a good job and________getting a positive comment.

我知道自己写得很好，也一直盼望着得到积极的评价。

49. How would you feel if moving to a new town meant________your friends?

如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会作何感想？

50. Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run________around 64 kilometers per hour.

尽管体重高达 300 公斤，它们却能以每小时约 64 公里的速度奔跑。

51. But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked ________nature to make these terraces and grow rice.

但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。

52. These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some________ feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.

这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，其中的一些以危害水稻的昆虫为食。

53. But there are still some dishes that Dad________even after many years of marriage to my mother.

尽管已经和妈妈结婚多年，但仍然有一些菜肴是爸爸不敢尝试的。

54. I ________to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn't so bad.

我鼓起所有的勇气咬了一口，结果惊奇地发现味道还不错。

55. Can you guess which fridge________which person?

你能猜到哪个冰箱属于哪个人吗?

第二节(满分 15 分)

56. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以“You are what you eat”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：

1. 你对谚语的理解；

2. 健康饮食的建议。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

You are what you eat

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第三节(满分 15 分)

57. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mum came upstairs to see Laura in her bedroom. Or tried to. There was so much mess on the floor that she could only stop at the door. Laura sat in the middle of all, reading.

“What a mess,” Mum said. “Things get broken or lost when they’re placed like this. Come on, have a tidy now.”

“But I’m very busy,” Laura argued, “Can’t you help me?” “No,” Mum replied.

“But can I get more pocket money if I do a good job?” Laura’s requests poured in. Mum nodded, saying she would come back to check it.

When Mum returned, she froze with her eyes wide open. On the floor was no mess! Instead, all the books, cards, clothes, shoes and even a half-eaten sandwich were just jammed (塞) into a huge bag!

Mum frowned (皱眉) and decided to teach her a lesson. She told Laura to get the pocket money out of her wallet later, which seemed to be on the sofa in the living room.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为 80 左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After finishing reading, Laura rushed downstairs but found herself in an unusually messy living room!

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