初中英语中考复习 时态和语态课件PPT

这是一份初中英语中考复习 时态和语态课件PPT，共43页。
1、The film _________(begin) when I gt t the cinema.2. The girl tld me that she wanted t be an English teacher when she _________(grw) up.3. My sister is a student and she _____(study) at a middle schl.4. Mr. Green _______(travel) t several places in Suth China since he came here.5. Yu ______(catch) the nearly bus if yu get up early.6. _____ yu been ____ (wear) glasses all the time.7. I’ll g hme as sn as I ________(finish) my hmewrk.8. Mst science bks are _________(write) in English.9. I _______(stay) there fr tw mnths last year.
1.句子的时态：现在进行时、一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时。2.句子的语态：一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态
常见6种时态的构成及用法
　[注意] 短暂性动词与时间段连用时或用于hw lng提问的问句中时，要转换成对应的延续性动词，常见的短暂性动词及其转换如下：arrive→be here begin(start)→be n　　die →be dead leave →be away (frm) g ut→be ut finish →be verget up→be up put n →wear 或be n pen →be pen jin →be in或 be a member f clse →be clsed brrw →keep buy/get→have catch(a cld)→ have(a cld) finish/end → be ver marry → be married fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)
1. I ften ________ bks in the evening.A．reads B. read C．reading2. —I ________ knw yu can play the pian s well.—Thank yu.A. didn't B. dn't C. can't3. Alice, please turn dwn the music, I ________ an imprtant phne nw.A. answer 　 B. answered C. have answered 　　　　D. am answering 4. My sister ________ English since she was 9 years ld. She can talk t freigners freely.A. learns 　　　　 B. learnt C. has learnt 　　 D. have learnt
5. My mther ________ dinner when I gt hme yesterday. A. has cked B. was cking C. will ck D. cks 6. —Did yu call Jenny?—Oh n, I frgt. I ________ her right away.A. called B. have called C. call D. will call7.The mvie ________ fr abut 5 minutes, s let's see the next ne. A. has been n B. has started C. started 　D. began8. Last week Vivian ________ a dress fr her mther with her first­mnth salary.A. buy 　 B. bught C. will buy D. wuld buy
考点一 被动语态的应用 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系。当主语是动作的执行者时用主动语态（某人做某事）；当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态（某事被某人做）。一、各种时态的被动语态 被动语态由“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
考点二 被动语态的几种特殊形式 1. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略t的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号t。例如：We saw an alien get ut f the UFO. → An alien was seen t get ut f the UFO.
【温馨提示】后接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时，宾补部分不变。对比：We heard Jim playing the guitar in his rm. → Jim was heard playing the guitar in his rm.
2. 谓语动词后接双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）时，（1）把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。例如：He gave me a new bk. ↓ ↓ 间接宾语 直接宾语→I was given a new bk by him.
(2)把直接宾语变主语，间接宾语不变。例如：He gave me a new bk. ↓ ↓ 间接宾语 直接宾语→A new bk was given t me by him.
3. 句中谓语是动词短语时，变为被动语态时要注意其完整性。Jack turned n the TV just nw. →The TV was turned n by Jack just nw. 4. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只须把宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语仍保留在原处，作主语补足语。例如：Our teacher tld us t clean the classrm at nce. →We were tld t clean the classrm at nce by ur teacher.
5. 主动表被动(1) feel, lk, sund, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。例如：The dishes smell s delicius. 菜闻起来真香。Yur idea sunds better. 你的主意听起来更好。
(2)有些动词，如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, pen, lck等，作为不及物动词时可以用主动语态表示被动含义。例如：Bks f Harry Ptter sell well. 《哈利·波特》系列的书很畅销。My pen writes smthly. 我的钢笔写起字来很流畅。
(3) sth. need/ want/ require ding相当于sth. need/ want/ require t be dne (不定式的被动结构)。例如：Yur rm needs cleaning. = Yur rm needs t be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫了。(4) be wrth ding(值得做) 中的ding表示被动含义。The mvie is wrth watching by everyne. 这部电影值得所有人看一看。
6. 不用被动语态的情况(1)系动词、不及物动词或某些动词短语没有被动语态。 例如：cme true; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等；(2)主动句的宾语是不定式或ding时不能用作被动语态的主语；(3)反身代词或each ther不能作被动语态的主语。
7. 被动语态与系表结构的区别 “be + p. p. ”表示动作时是被动语态；“be + p. p. ”表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。(1)含有“by + 宾语”结构强调动作执行者，此时为被动语态。例如：The windw is brken. 窗户坏了。（系表结构）The windw is brken by me. 窗户是我打破的。（被动语态）
(2)句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般是被动语态。例如：The dr was clsed. 门是关着的。（系表结构）The dr was clsed at 9: 00. 九点钟关的门。（被动语态）
(3)系表结构中常用介词搭配，被动语态中没有介词搭配。例如：We’re wrried abut the by. 我们担心那个男孩。(4)系表结构的过去分词可以被副词修饰。例如： I’m really surprised at the news. 我对这个消息真的感到很惊讶。(5)系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态可用于多种时态。
单项选择1. A ftball match between class tw and class three _______ tmrrw afternn. A. is held B. was heldC. must be held D. will be held【解析】选D。由时间状语tmrrw afternn可知时态为一般将来时，再由主语A ftball match与hld之间存在被动关系可知用被动语态，故选D。
2. （2012·六盘水中考）Lk at that sign. Smking _______ here. A. isn’t allwed B. desn’t allwC. aren’t allwed D. dn’t allw【解析】选A。句意：看那个标识。这儿不准吸烟。smking与allw之间存在被动关系，smking是动名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，故选A。
2. Lk at that sign. Smking _______ here. A. isn’t allwed B. desn’t allwC. aren’t allwed D. dn’t allw【解析】选A。句意：看那个标识。这儿不准吸烟。smking与allw之间存在被动关系，smking是动名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，故选A。
3. I’m glad t find that many trees _______ in ur city last year. A. plant B. plantedC. were planted D. are planted【解析】选C。 many trees与plant之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last year“去年”可知时态为一般过去时，故选C。
4. —Let’s play cmputer games this evening. —It _______ gd. A. sunds B. feels C. tastes D. smells【解析】选A。考查feel、lk、sund、smell、taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。句意：——让我们今天晚上玩电脑游戏吧！——听起来好极了。故选A。
5. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many peple _______. A. save B. savedC. are saved D. were saved【解析】选D。由主语和谓语动词是被动关系可知语态为被动语态，再由“There was. . . ”可知是过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
6. We’re very glad t knw that a great sprts meeting _______ in Guiyang this September. A. will hld B. will be heldC. will be hld【解析】选B。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be + 动词的过去分词”。故选B。
7. In many places in China, the ld ver 90 _______ nt nly by their family but als by the gvernment. A. is taking gd careB. are taken gd care fC. is taking gd care fD. are taken gd care
【解析】选B。句意：在中国的许多地方，超过90岁的老人不仅被他们的家人好好照顾着，而且也被政府照顾着。the ld“老人”，指一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，故排除A、C，被动语态中的动作须是及物动词或带介词的不及物动词，故选B。
8. （At last the by was made _______ and began t laugh. A. stp crying B. t stp t cryC. t stp crying D. stp t cry【解析】选C。句意：最后这个男孩被弄得停止了哭，开始笑了。make，have，see 等动词的复合结构在变为被动语态时要把主动语态中省略的t还原；stp ding“停止做……”。故选C。
9. Yu shuld have t stay behind if yur hmewrk _______ befre five ’clck. A. isn’t dne B. wn’t be dneC. desn’t d D. wasn’t dne【解析】选A。hmewrk与d之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态，再由if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来可知答案为A。
10. —May I use yur cup, Tm? —Srry, it _______ by my sister just nw. A. was brken B. is brken C. brke 【解析】选A。根据句意可知是被动语态，又因时间状语为just nw，故选A。