初中英语中考复习 秘籍15 短文填空-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 秘籍15 短文填空-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（解析版），共15页。试卷主要包含了 解题步骤， 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形， 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案， 6 3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
秘笈15 短文填空


考点 短文填空
把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。
考向1 短文填空之自由填空
自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空8—10个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。
满分技巧
1. 解题步骤：
（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；
（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
（3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。
（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。
（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；
（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；
（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。
考向2 短文填空之首字母填空
首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。
二、满分技巧
1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
考向3 短文填空之选词填空
选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词，补全短文。
考向4 短文填空之杂糅性型短文填空
杂糅型短文填空是指文章中有多种提示类型，如英语单词、汉语意思、音标或者不给提示词等。这种题型主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识的运用能力、逻辑思维能力和书面表达能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。
考向5 短文填空之提示词填空
此类短文填空题一般会给出汉语意思或英文单词。做此类短文填空题时，要准确理解语意，根据文中同样结构或类似结构确定应填词的词性和词形。不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。


因为是考查学生的综合能力，所以要求学生的基础知识扎实，尤其是注意时态和语态

短文填词答题技巧口诀
空前空后要注意， 名词单复要牢记。要有’s不能弃。
动词注意要变形， ＂皇帝＂、＂大臣＂要分清。
形、副注意要用三级， 副词用法要谨记。
要用数词请留意， 千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂。
填入代词需慎重， 五格变化记心中。


A
【2020·江苏南京市·南京一中九年级月考】
2020 is the Year of the R 1 in China. I remember when I was a kid, my family once took me to a Chinese restaurant back in the US. There was a paper placemat ( 餐具垫 ) with pictures of the 12 animal s 2 on it. It led us to laughs when we learned my aunt is a rat.
We laughed, b 3 in the American culture, rats are animals of very low status ( 地位 ). They eat garbage and carry diseases, so we think they are d 4 . Rats are also sneaky (鬼鬼祟祟), so we don’t think we can believe them. Calling someone a rat is a serious insult ( 辱 骂 ). It m 5 he or she will betray ( 背叛 ) your trust.
As a kid, this caused me to feel bad for people b 6 in the Year of the Rat. I wondered if Chinese children would be laughed at for their animal signs.
Then I did some research and found that although Chinese people also see rats as dirty animals, they added them to the animal signs for a r 7 .
According to what I found, rats are considered thrifty (勤俭的) and practical by Chinese people. These are qualities that can bring people wealth. They are also able to have a lot of b 8 , and this makes them a symbol of good luck-traditionally, Chinese people would like to have large families with many children. Rats are believed to be smart, t 9 . Sneaky animals must be clever.
You see, human culture is interesting. There are always d 10 ways to look at the same thing!
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了中西方文化的差异，以及在中国文化中，老鼠作为十二生肖之一的原因。
【答案】
1．Rat句意：2020年在中国是鼠年。根据下文“There was a paper placemat ( 餐具垫 ) with pictures of the 12 animal…on it. It led us to laughs when we learned my aunt is a rat.”可知，这里是笑话她的姑姑是属老鼠的。rat是名词，老鼠。此处是专有名词，要大写。故填Rat。
2．signs句意：有一张餐具垫，上面有12个动物标志的图片。在餐具垫上的一定是12生肖的标志图。sign是名词，标志，数词12后加名词复数。故填signs。
3．because句意：我们笑了，因为在美国文化中，老鼠是地位很低的动物。根据上文“We laughed”可知，下文是表示人们笑的原因，用because。故填because。
4．dirty句意：所以我们认为他们是脏的。根据上文“They eat garbage and carry diseases”可知，说明老鼠是很脏的。are是连系动词，后加形容词。故填dirty。
5．means句意：这意味着他或她会背叛你的信任。根据上文“Rats are also sneaky (鬼鬼祟祟), so we don’t think we can believe them. Calling someone a rat is a serious insult ( 辱 骂 ).”可知，此处是这里意味着他或她会背叛你。主语是it是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。mean是动词，意味着。故填means。
6．born句意：小时候，这让我为鼠年出生的人感到难过。根据上文“Rats are also sneaky (鬼鬼祟祟), so we don’t think we can believe them. Calling someone a rat is a serious insult ( 辱 骂 ). It …he or she will betray ( 背叛 ) your trust.”可知，作者为鼠年出生的人感到难过。故填born。
7．reason句意：他们把它们加到动物的标志上是有原因的。根据下文“According to what I found, rats are considered thrifty (勤俭的) and practical by Chinese people. These are qualities that can bring people wealth.”可知，为什么把老鼠加到12生肖，是有原因的。reason是名词，原因。故填reason。
8．babies句意：他们也能生很多孩子，这使他们成为好运的象征。根据下文“traditionally, Chinese people would like to have large families with many children.”可知，老鼠能生很多孩子。baby是名词，婴儿。此处用名词复数。baby的复数是babies。故填babies。
9．too句意：老鼠也被认为是聪明的。根据上文“They are also able to have a lot of …., and this makes them a symbol of good luck-traditionally, Chinese people would like to have large families with many children. ”可知，老鼠也是被认为是最聪明的。too是副词，也，一般放在句尾。故填too。
10．different句意：总是有不同的方式来看待同一件事！根据上文“to look at the same thing”可知，看待同一件事情有不同的方式。ways是名词，方式，前面应该是形容词作定语。different是形容词，不同的。故填different。
B
【2020·内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司第一中学九年级三模】
Qian Xuesen was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on December 11, 1911. After he graduated 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he traveled a 2 the Pacific Ocean to the United States for further study. There he 3 [rɪ’sivd] his Ph.D．degrees in both aerospace and mathematics. After graduation, he became a teacher as w 4 as a researcher who studied rockets and missile theories.
He 5 （做出重要贡献）the missile and space programs in China. When he r 6 to his motherland in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a 7 . In 1956, he 8 （建立）the first research institute of rockets and missiles. From then on, he was 9 （负责）developing China’s missile, rocket and spacecraft research programs. He was a pioneer in t 10 related fields and was honored as “The 11 of China’s Missiles”. He is the pride of the Chinese people.
He 12 （过世）on October 31, 2009, but he is a man who still encourages Chinese youth. His devotion to his country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my s 13 is in China and my destination is in China!” When someone said he could 14 （挣更多的钱）if he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said, “My 15 name is Qian, but I don’t like Qian.”
【分析】
钱学森是我国著名的科学家，年轻时他去美国求学，在那里获得了博士学位。1955年，钱学森回到了中国，为我国的导弹和太空项目做出了重要贡献，被誉为“中国导弹之父”。虽然他已经去世了，但是他的精神仍然鼓励着中国的青年人，为祖国的发展贡献力量。
【答案】
1．from句意：1934年从上海交通大学毕业后，他横跨太平洋来到美国深造。根据句意可知，这里考查固定短语graduate from…，意为“毕业于……”，后面常跟学校的名称。故答案为from。
2．across句意：1934年从上海交通大学毕业后，他横跨太平洋来到美国深造。空后the Pacific Ocean是太平洋，根据句意，他跨国太平洋去了美国深造，因此这里考查的是across，意为“越过，穿过”。故答案为across。
3．received句意：在那里，他获得了航空航天和数学的博士学位。根据空后所给单词的音标可知，这里考查的是receive的过去式received，意为“获得，收到”，符合语境。故答案为received。
4．well句意：毕业后，他成为了一名教师和研究火箭和导弹理论的研究员。根据句意和空前后的两个as可知，这里考查短语as well as，意为“和，而且”，连接并列的两个成分a teacher和a researcher。故答案为well。
5．made important contributions to句意：他为中国的导弹和太空计划做出了重要贡献。根据所给汉语意思可知，这里考查短语make contributions to…“对……做贡献”，这句话叙述过去的事情，用一般过去时，make变为过去式made；important是形容词，意为“重要的”，修饰名词。故答案为made important contributions to。
6．returned句意：当他在1955年回到祖国时，中国的太空研究几乎是一片空白。根据单词首字母和空后to his motherland可知，这里应表示钱学森从美国回到了祖国，考查return，是一个动词，意为“回来”。根据句中的时间in 1955可知，这句话说的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，这里应填过去式。故答案为returned。
7．blank句意：当他在1955年回到祖国时，中国的太空研究几乎是一片空白。根据下句话“In 1956, he _____ （建立）the first research institute of rockets and missiles.”可知，钱学森回到中国后，建立了第一个火箭和导弹研究所，由此可知，他回来的时候，中国在这方面的研究还是一片空白。blank，“空白”，是一个名词，符合语境。故答案为blank。
8．set up句意：1956年，他建立了第一个火箭和导弹研究所。根据所给的汉语意思可知，这里考查动词短语set up，意为“建立”。根据句中的时间in 1956可知，这句话应用一般过去时态，set的过去式还是set。故答案为set up。
9．in charge of句意：从那时起，他就负责发展中国的导弹、火箭和航天器研究项目。根据所给的汉语意思可知，这里考查短语in charge of…“负责，主管”，在be动词后作表语，后面跟名词或动名词形式。故答案为in charge of。
10．these句意：他是这些相关领域的先驱，被誉为“中国导弹之父”。根据句意和单词的首字母可知，这里考查these，意为“这些”，修饰空后的名词复数fields，故答案为these。
11．Father句意：他是这些相关领域的先驱，被誉为“中国导弹之父”。根据上文“In 1956, he ____ （建立）the first research institute of rockets and missiles. From then on, he was _____ （负责）developing China’s missile, rocket and spacecraft research programs.”可知，钱学森是中国导弹和航天领域的开拓者，因此被誉为“中国导弹之父”，这里应填father，是一个名词，意为“父亲”,表示专有的称号，首字母要大写。故答案为Father。
12．passed away句意：他于2009年10月31日去世，但他仍然是一个鼓励中国青年的人。根据所给的汉语意思可知，这里考查动词短语pass away，意为“去世”，空后on October 31, 2009是过去的时间，这句话用一般过去时，动词变为过去式。故答案为passed away。
13．success句意：我的事业在中国，我的成功在中国，我的目的地在中国！根据上一段的文意可知，钱学森是中国导弹和航天事业的先驱，结合单词的首字母可知，这里考查success，是一个名词，意为“成功”，符合语境。故答案为success。
14．make much more money句意：当有人说如果他呆在美国可以赚更多的钱时，他笑着说：“我姓钱，但我不喜欢钱。”根据所给的汉语意思可知，这里考查短语make money，意为“赚钱”，more更多的，修饰名词money；much是副词，修饰比较级more。故答案为make much more money。
15．family句意：当有人说如果他呆在美国可以赚更多的钱时，他笑着说：“我姓钱，但我不喜欢钱。”根据句意可知，钱学森的姓是“钱”，考查名词短语family name，意为“姓”。故答案为family。
C
【2020·魏县教育体育局九年级开学考试】
The earth is our home and we must take good care of it. That is to say we must keep the land, air and water 1 (clean). But man had produced a lot of pollution on 2 earth since he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and 3 (throw) waste or rubbish on the ground. Many years ago, pollution was not so serious because there were not so 4 (much) people.
5 the past, there was enough clean air, land and water. When the land or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. Man, now, however, is slowly 6 (pollute) the whole world and there is neither enough clean air, nor clean land, nor clean water. The more people there are in one place, the 7 environment they maybe have.
Perhaps you are afraid it is endless for people to produce pollution. 8 (luck), we are glad to tell you that people have come to know the 9 (dangerous) of pollution and more and more people are working hard to protect 10 (us) earth.
【分析】
文章介绍了地球是我们的家，我们应该保护它，但是已经受到了严重污染，环境也越糟糕。幸运的是人们已经意识到了污染的危害性，越来越多的人正在努力保护地球。
【答案】
1．clean句意：那就是说我们必须保持陆地、空气和水干净。根据空前的keep the land, air and water 可知，此处是keep sth+形容词，意为“保持某物处于某种状态”，结合括号内单词可知，应该用形容词clean。故填clean。
2．the句意：但是，自从人类第一次生火、在河里洗衣服、在地上扔废物或垃圾以来，他们在地球上产生了很多污染。根据空前的on及空后的earth可知，此处是说在地球上on the earth。故填the。
3．threw句意：但是，自从人类第一次生火，在河里洗衣服，在地上扔废物或垃圾以来，他们在地球上产生了很多污染。根据空前的and可知，空处与前面的动词是并列动词，结合前面的made fire, washed his clothes可知，空处应该用动词的过去式，根据所提供单词throw可知，其过去式是threw。故填threw。
4．many句意：许多年前，污染没有那么严重，因为没有那么多的人。根据空后单词people是可数名词，结合所提供单词可知，此处应该表示很多人，much只能修饰不可数名词，此处应该用many来修饰。故填many。
5．In句意：在过去，有足够清洁的空气，土地和水。根据空后的the past及there was enough clean air, land and water可知，此处是表达“在过去”in the past，句首字母应该大写。故填In。
6．polluting句意：然而，人类现在正在慢慢地污染整个世界，既没有足够的清洁空气，也没有干净的土地，也没有干净的水。根据空前的is及所提供单词及句意可知，此处是be doing形式，pollute的现在分词形式是polluting。故填polluting。
7．worse句意：一个地方的人越多，他们可能拥有的环境就越糟糕。根据前面的The more people there are in one place及空前的the可知，此处是the+比较级，the+比较级形式，所以空处应该用比较级；根据前面短文所表达意思可知，此处是表达越糟糕的环境，更糟糕的worse。故填worse。
8．Luckily句意：幸运的是，我们很高兴地告诉你，人们已经认识到污染的危险，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球。根据所提供单词可知，空处是表达“幸运的是”，应该用副词形式来修饰整个句子，luck的副词形式是luckily，句首字母应该大写。故填Luckily。
9．danger句意：人们已经认识到污染的危险，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球。根据空后的“of pollution”可知，此处名词所有格形式，所以空处应该用名词形式，结合所提供单词可知，dangerous的名词形式是danger。故填danger。
10．our句意：人们已经认识到污染的危险，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球。根据空后的earth及所提供单词可知，此处是表达我们的地球，空处应该用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。
D
【2020·哈尔滨市松雷中学校初三】
America other but from rest them on return hear activity
What is a student’s life in America? In junior high school, Students go to school 1 weekdays and have classes for six hours every day. They study math, English, biology, writing, science, music and some 2 subjects. At noon, they have lunch at school. 3 schools usually provide( 提 供 ) meat, vegetables, fruit, bread and a drink, 4 most students like hot dogs and hamburgers. and then they can have a short 5 . In the afternoon classes are over at 3:00. 6 3:10 to 5:30, they can take part in some school 7 . After school, everyone 8 home. At home, children have dinner and then do 9 homework. Before bedtime, they like 10 a story from their mother or father.
【答案解析】
短文是记叙文。本文介绍了美国的初中学生的生活：平时上学，每天6节课，学习的课程，在学校的饭菜和课外活动等情况，以及他们在家里的作息时间等。
1．on句意：在初中，学生在工作日去学校，每天有6节课。短语on weekdays 在工作日，指周一到周五，故填on。
2．other句意：他们学习数学、英语、生物、写作、科学、音乐和一些别的科目。形容词other修饰可数名词subjects作定语，故填other。
3．American句意：美国的学校通常提供肉、蔬菜、水果、面包和一种饮品。根据第一句介绍的是美国学生的学校生活可知是“美国的学校”，所给America是名词，修饰school用形容词American。
4．but句意：可是大部分学生喜欢热狗和汉堡包。根据句意两者可知是转折关系，所以用连词but。
5．rest句意：然后，他们可以进行短暂休息。短语have a short rest/意为“进行短暂休息”。根据所给词汇可知填rest。
6．from句意：从3点10分到5点半，他们可以参加学校活动。固定短语from…to…意为“从……到……”，本句是两个时间点，可知是“从……到……”，用介词from。
7．activities句意：从3点10分到5点半，他们可以参加学校活动。 短语school activity意为学校活动，根据代词some可知用复数activities。
8．return句意：放学后，学生们返回家。短语return home意为“返回家”，故填动词return。
9．their句意：在家，孩子们吃晚饭，然后做作业。短语do one’s homework意为写作业，所给them是人称代词，根据主语children可知用物主代词their。
10．hearing句意：睡觉前，他们喜欢听父母讲故事。根据上文介绍的是美国的学生的生活习惯可知，这里介绍的孩子们睡觉前爱听故事是经常性动作，所以like后跟动名词作宾语，故填hearing。

A
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
A girl complained to her father about her hard life. She didn't know what she had to do and wanted to give up. She was t 1 of fighting and fighting. One problem had been f 2 another came over.
Her father, cook, took her into the kitchen. He poured water into three pans(锅) and boiled it. When the water was boiling, in the first pan he put some carrots, in the second he put some eggs and in the last he put some coffee. He waited for them for a few minutes w 3 any words.
The girl waited impatiently, not knowing why her father was doing that. About 20 minutes later, her father turned off the stove, took out the carrots and put them in a bowl. He took out the eggs and put them in a 4 bowl. After that the coffee was poured into a cup. Turning back to his daughter, he asked, "My sweet heart, what do you s 5 ?""Carrots, eggs and coffee", she answered.
Her father told her to close her eyes and let her touch the carrots. She did so and f 6 . that the carrots were soft. After that he asked her to take eggs and b 7 them. Then, she got the eggs, warm and hard. At last, the father asked her to smell the coffee. She asked, "What did you do this for, Father?" He e 8 that each one had had the same unlucky experience the boiling water, but each had a d 9 result. The strong and hard carrots had become soft and weak after being in the boiling water. The eggs became hard after being cooked. The coffee was very special and it c 10 the water "Who are you?" asked her father.
【分析】
文章讲述了一个女孩向父亲抱怨生活的艰辛，她不知道怎么做，因此想放弃；父亲通过用开水煮鸡蛋、胡萝卜和咖啡，这三样东西得到了不同的结果，来告诉她怎么面对困难。
【答案】
1．tired句意：她厌烦了不停地拼搏。A girl complained to her father about her hard life. 一个女孩向她的父亲抱怨生活的艰辛，和wanted to give up想放弃，结合首字母，可知是be tired of doing厌倦做某事；故填tired。
2．finished句意：一个问题结束另一个又来了。根据上句fighting and fighting拼搏再拼搏，和 another came over另一个又来了，结合首字母，可知是finish结束，根据had been可知是过去完成时的被动语态；故填finished。
3．without句意：他等它们几分钟，没有说话。根据The girl waited impatiently, not knowing why her father was doing that. 这个女孩等的不耐烦了，不知道她父亲为什么那样做；结合首字母，可知是without没有说话；故填without。
4．another句意：他拿出鸡蛋，把它们放到另一个碗里。根据took out the carrots and put them in a bowl.拿出胡萝卜放到一个碗里，结合首字母，可知鸡蛋放到另一个碗里，another另一个；故填another。

5．see句意：你看到了什么？Carrots, eggs and coffee胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡，结合首字母，可知问看见了什么，根据do可知是一般现在时态，谓语动词用原形；故填see。
6．felt句意：她那样做了，感觉胡萝卜是软的。根据 close her eyes and let her touch the carrots闭上眼睛摸胡萝卜，可知是感觉；由did可知是过去时态，feel的过去式felt；故填felt。
7．break句意：他让她拿出鸡蛋打破它们。she got the eggs, warm and hard她拿到鸡蛋，又温暖又硬；结合首字母，可知是break打破，ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事；故填break。
8．explained句意：他解释每一个都有在沸水中不幸的经历，但是每一个有不同的结果。What did you do this for, Father?你为什么那样做，爸爸？结合首字母，可知是爸爸explain解释，根据文章可知是过去时态；故填explained。
9．different句意：他解释每一个都有在沸水中不幸的经历，但是每一个有不同的结果。The strong and hard carrots had become soft and weak after being in the boiling water. The eggs became hard after being cooked. 硬的胡萝卜经过开水后变软了，鸡蛋变硬了；结合首字母，可知是different不同的结果；故填different。
10．changed句意：咖啡非常特殊，它改变了水。the father asked her to smell the coffee爸爸让她闻咖啡，可知咖啡放到开水里，水的味道变了，根据 was very special 可知是过去时态；故填changed。
B
Terry was a middle-aged businessman. He was 1 (successful) in career. He didn't like his boss and workmates and often complained that he had been fooled by others. One day he told his wife he was so disappointed with everything that he had to leave the city, so his family moved to 2 (other) city．
It was Saturday evening. When Terry and his wife were busy 3 (put) their things in their new home，the lights suddenly went out and they had to stop working. Terry was sorry 4 (forget) to bring along some candles（蜡烛）. Just then he heard light knocks on his door．
“Who is it？” he 5 (wonder). Terry knew nobody else in the new city, and this was the moment he especially hated to be troubled. He opened the door impatiently. At the door was a little girl, 6 (shy) asking, “Sir, do you have candles? I'm your neighbor.” “No,” answered Terry angrily. He shut the door heavily．
After a while the door 7 (knock) again. He opened it and found the same little girl outside. But this time she 8 (hold) a candle radiating（放光）red light. She said, “My grandma told me the new neighbor downstairs might need candles. She sent me here to give you this.”
At that moment Terry suddenly realized what caused his 9 (fail) in life. It was his unkindness to other people. The person who had fooled him in life was actually nobody else but 10 (him), for his eyes had been covered by his cold mind.
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了Terry是一位事业不成功的商人，他总是抱怨别人愚弄了他，所以他和家人搬到了另个城市，一天晚上他和妻子在家整理物品，灯突然熄灭了，Terry忘了带蜡烛，一个女孩想帮助他，但是他误会了女孩，对她很冷淡，后来他意识到了他的冷漠及对他人的刻薄导致了他失败的人生。
【答案】
1．unsuccessful句意：他事业不成功。根据下文“He didn't like his boss and workmates and often complained that he had been fooled by others. ”可知，他的事业不成功。所给单词successful形容词，成功的，这里用反义词unsuccessful“不成功的”。故答案为unsuccessful。
2．another句意：因此他的家搬到了另一个城市。所给单词other别的，其他的，后加名词复数，这里是另一个城市用another，意思是 “另一个”，后加名词单数，another city另一个城市。故答案为another。
3．putting句意：当Terry和妻子正忙着把东西放在新家里时，灯突然熄了，他们不得不停止工作。短语be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，这里是忙着整理东西。所给单词put动词，放，这里用动名词putting。故答案为putting。
4．to forget句意：Terry很抱歉忘了带些蜡烛。根据下文“bring along some candles”可知，Terry很抱歉忘记了带蜡烛。be sorry to do sth.忘记去做某事；所给单词forget动词，忘记。故答案为to forget。
5．wondered句意：他想知道“是谁在敲门？”根据上文“Just then he heard light knocks on his door.”可知，这里是他想知道，整篇文章都是一般过去时态，wonder动词，想知道，过去式是wondered。故答案为wondered。
6．shyly句意：门口有个小女孩，害羞地问：“先生，你有蜡烛吗？我是你的邻居。”这里是副词修饰动词，所给单词shy形容词，害羞的，这里用副词shyly，害羞地，故答案为shyly。
7．was knocked句意：过了一会儿门又被敲了。根据下文“He opened it and found the same little girl outside. ”可知，这里是门又被敲了。主语是the door，这里用被动语态，其结构是be done的形式。这里是一般过去时态，主语是单数，be动词用was。knock动词，敲门，过去分词是knocked。故答案为was knocked。
8．was holding句意：但这一次她正拿着一支发出红光的蜡烛。根据“a candle radiating（放光）red light. ”可知，这里是手里正拿着一只发光的蜡烛。过去进行时，其结构是was/were doing的形式。主语是she，be动词用was。hold动词，握着，拿着。故答案为was holding。
9．failure句意：在那一刻，Terry突然意识到是什么导致了他的人生失败。根据下文“It was his unkindness to other people. ”可知，这里是说他意识到什么导致了他的失败。所给单词fail动词，失败，his+名词。fail的名词是“failure”。故答案为failure。
10．himself句意：在生活中愚弄过他的人其实不是别人，而是他自己，因为他的眼睛被他冷酷的头脑所遮蔽。根据下文“for his eyes had been covered by his cold mind. ”可知，上文是不是他别人，而是他自己。这里用反身代词，him的反身代词是himself，他自己。故答案为himself。
C
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
You stick a stamp on the envelop. And then it travels across the world to find another person. Stamps help people keep in touch 1 their friends and families. They play 2 important role in people's lives for a long time. People have a special day for stamps. October 9th is World Post Day.
Before stamps, people didn't pay for the letters they 3 （send）, but instead they paid for the letters they got. The first stamp, a 4 （Britain）one was called Penny Black. It 5 （make）in 1840 with a picture of Queen Victoria on it.
Years ago, sending letters 6 （use）to be the most important way to communicate with other people. 7 seemed that everyone had stamps on hand. Although now fewer people send letters, stamp collecting is still one of the world's most popular 8 （hobby）. Even some stamp clubs are set up 9 （help）people find new stamps to add to their collection. Interestingly enough, the Internet may have reduced the need for stamps, but it is 10 （actual）offering new ways for collectors to find more stamps.
【分析】
本文介绍了邮票的发展史。
【答案】
1．with句意：邮票帮助人们与他们的朋友和家人保持联系。固定搭配：keep in touch with sb“与某人保持联系”，故填with。
2．an句意：很长一段时间以来，它们在人们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。此处表示“一个重要的角色”，表泛指，且important是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
3．sent句意：在邮票之前，人们不是为他们寄的信付钱，而是为他们收到的信付钱。此处作“letters”的定语，根据“but instead they paid for the letters they got”，可知，此处与“they got”构成对应关系，所以此空也填动词过去式，故填sent。
4．British句意：第一张邮票是英国发行的，叫做“黑便士”。空格后“one”指代前文的“stamp”，此空修饰名词，要用形容词British作定语，故填British。
5．was made句意：它是在1840年制作的，上面有一幅维多利亚女王的画像。主语it与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，根据“in 1840”，可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语it是第三人称，be动词用was，故填was made。
6．used句意：许多年前，寄信曾是与他人交流的最重要的方式。根据“Years ago”及“to be”，可知，此处指过去常常做的事情，英文表达是used to do sth，故填used。
7．It句意：似乎每个人都有邮票在手边。根据“seemed that”，可知，此处是固定句式：it+seem+that从句，表示“似乎……”，故填It。
8．hobbies句意：虽然现在很少有人写信，但集邮仍然是世界上最流行的爱好之一。固定搭配：one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故填hobbies。
9．to help句意：甚至一些邮票俱乐部也成立来帮助人们寻找新的邮票来增加他们的收藏。“成立一些邮票俱乐部”的目的“为了帮助人们寻找新的邮票”，用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
10．actually句意：但它实际上为集邮者提供了寻找更多邮票的新方法。此空修饰动词“offer”，要用副词，故填actually。
D
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
sport two health them don't club food lunch book like
Jane and Mary are sisters.The 1 girls like sports.Every day they play 2 in the sports club （体育俱乐部）.Today Jane and Mary 3 go to school.They play tennis for three hours in the 4 .After that they go to eat lunch in Green Restaurant.
In the restaurant, they see lots of nice 5 .They see eggs, chicken and hamburgers.Oh, hamburgers are very nice, but they aren't 6 food.So Jane and Mary don't eat 7 .They eat some eggs and vegetables.
After 8 , Jane and Mary go to Green Book Store.At the store they read many nice 9 .Oh, an English book is very great and Jane 10 it very much. Her sister Mary buys it for her.This girl is very happy.She goes home with the book and her sister.
【答案解析】
短文大意：本文是记叙文，讲述了简和玛丽姐妹俩的周末生活。
1．two句意：这两个女孩喜欢运动。根据上文“Jane and Mary are sisters. 简和玛丽是姐妹两个”，可知是姐妹俩，结合所给单词提示，故填two。
2．sports句意：他们每天在体育俱乐部做运动。play sports做运动；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填sports。
3．don’t句意：今天简和玛丽不去上学。根据下文“They play tennis for three hours他们打了三个小时的网球”，可知没去上学，本句是否定句，故填don’t。
4．club句意：他们在俱乐部打了三个小时的网球。定冠词the后接名词；in the club在俱乐部，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填club。
5．food句意：在餐馆里，他们看到很多好吃的食物。根据下文“They see eggs, chicken and hamburgers他们看到了鸡蛋、鸡肉和汉堡包”，可知是很多好吃的食物，结合所给单词提示，故填food。
6．healthy句意：汉堡包很好，但它们不是健康食品。food食物，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填healthy。
7．them句意：所以简和玛丽不吃它们。本句缺宾语，代词需用宾格；so所以，表原因；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填them。
8．lunch句意：午饭后，简和玛丽去了格林书店。after在……以后，表时间；after lunch午饭后，根据句意结构，结合前文“they go to eat lunch in Green Restaurant他们去绿色餐厅吃午饭”，可知填lunch。
9．books 句意：在书店里他们读了很多好书。many许多的，修饰复数名词；根据上文“Jane and Mary go to Green Book Store简和玛丽去了格林书店”，可知读了很多好书，故填books。
10．likes句意：简非常喜欢它。本句缺谓语动词；and连接并列结构，前后时态需一致；Jane是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填likes。
【点睛】
选词填空，要求根据句意语境和所给单词的提示填空，使句意通顺，语法正确，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所填单词的正确形式。例如小题9，根据上文“Jane and Mary go to Green Book Store简和玛丽去了格林书店”，可知读了很多好书，结合所给单词提示，book符合句意；many许多的，修饰复数名词，故填books。