2023届高考二轮总复习试题 英语 （适用于新高考新教材） 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练12　词句猜测题——句意理解类 Word版含解析

考点分类练(十二)　词句猜测题——句意理解类

A

(2022广东广州高三调研)

Tod Morgan was born blind,mentally challenged,and autistic(患自闭症的).So he couldn’t see,he could not learn like other children,and he didn’t interact with people very much.He did not seem to have much of a chance. Then,when he was two years old,he began to play little songs on his tiny toy piano.He could play perfectly some of the children’s tunes he had heard. 

Today,Tod works as a professional pianist.He plays jazz,Broadway songs,and classical pieces.After hearing a tune,he can imitate it almost perfectly the first time he plays it.He doesn’t only imitate;Tod is creative too.He can change a classical piece to a jazz,a jazz to a polka,and a polka to a waltz.In addition to the piano,Tod plays 13 other instruments and also sings.Tod’s list of musical heroes includes Louis Armstrong,Mozart,and Beethoven.How can this be?How can such a severely challenged person be so musically talented?

Tod has what is called “savant syndrome”—a condition in which a mentally challenged person has a tightly developed talent of a specific kind.Savant syndrome is a mystery to medical researchers.One person who is studying savant syndrome is Dr.David Brighton.He says that he has never seen a musical savant like Tod.Most musical savants are limited to simply repeating tunes they hear.Dr.Brighton points out that Tod’s ability to come up with his own tunes is a giant step beyond memorization.

As for Tod,after studying jazz piano at the Music School at Rivers in Massachusetts,he attended and graduated from the famous Berklee College of Music in Boston.Tod is encouraged by his parents as he performs all over the world,appearing on TV and radio shows.

1.What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?

A.Tod was not likely to be completely cured.

B.Tod’s chances of success in life were small.

C.Tod’s ability to learn music was very limited.

D.Tod would have few opportunities to meet others.

2.A person with savant syndrome is 　　　. 

A.mentally disabled but specially gifted

B.socially inactive but musically talented

C.physically disabled but highly intelligent

D.psychologically challenged but physically gifted

3.What distinguishes Tod from most musical savants?

A.His memory.

B.His creativity.

C.His sociability.

D.His learning speed.

4.What can be concluded from the text?

A.Tod is a typical case of a serious disease.

B.Family support is vital to Tod’s recovery.

C.Music connects Tod to the world around him.

D.Music education is a cure to the mentally disabled.

B

(2022浙江6月模拟)

China is going green.In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages,automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles(混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market.Toyota’s hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week.Let’s have a look at the new car. 

Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power.Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline.Hybrid cars have special engines,which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines.They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising(匀速行驶).A specially-designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.

Step into a Prius,and turn on the engine.The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car.At this point,the car’s gasoline engine is dormant(休眠的).The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h.If you stay at a low speed,you are effectively driving an electric car,with no gasoline being used,and no waste gas is given off.

The onboard(车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine,when to go electric,and when to use a combination of the two.If you go over 24 km/h,when you step on the gas pedal(油门),you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.

The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries.When driving at high speed,the gasoline engine not only powers the car,but also charges the batteries.Any time you use the brake,the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries.As a consequence,the car’s batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.

5.The author writes this passage mainly to　　　. 

A.teach people how to drive a hybrid car

B.introduce a new kind of “green” car

C.show how to save their gasoline when driving a car

D.announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China

6.What does the first sentence probably refer to?

A.There will be more and more green land in China.

B.China is still young and lacking experience.

C.China’s new cars are combinations of different green models.

D.China has started producing environmentally friendly cars.

7.What can we conclude from the story?

A.The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.

B.Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.

C.The batteries will last for 200,000 miles without being recharged.

D.The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.

C

Every culture has a recognized point when a child becomes an adult,when rules must be followed and tests passed.

In China,although teenagers can get their ID cards at 16,many only see themselves as an adult when they are 18.In the US,where everyone drives,the main step to the freedom of adult life is learning to drive.At 16,American teens take their driving test.When they have their license,they drive into the grown-up world.

“Nobody wants to ride the cheese bus to school,” said Eleanor Fulham,17.She brought the pressure back to memory,especially for kids from wealthier families.“It’s like you’re not cool if you don’t have a car,” she said.

According to recent research,41% of 16 to 19-year-olds in the US own cars,up from 23% in 1985.Although,most of these cars are bought by parents,some teens get part-time jobs to help pay.

Not all families can afford cars for their children.In cities with subways and limited parking,some teenagers don’t want them.But in rich suburban areas without subways,and where bicycles are more for fun than transportation,it is strange for a teenager not to have a car.

But police say 16-year-olds have almost three times more accidents than 18- to 19-year-olds.This has made many parents pause before letting their kids drive.

Julie Sussman,of Virginia,decided that her son Chad,15,will wait until he is 17 to apply for his learner’s permit.

Chad said he has accepted his parents’ decision,although it has caused some teasing from his friends.“They say that I am unlucky,” he said.“But I’d rather be alive than driving,and I don’t really trust my friends on the road,either.” 

In China,as more families get cars,more 18-year-olds learn to drive.Will this become a big step to becoming an adult?

8.Which may serve as the best title of the article?

A.Cars Helping You to Grow Up

B.Driving into the Grown-Up World

C.Teenagers’ Driving in America

D.Recognized Point of Becoming an Adult

9.What does the underlined sentence mean?

A.I might run into my friends if I drove.

B.I didn’t agree with my friends.

C.I might not be safe if my friends drove.

D.I was afraid that my friends might well lie to me.

10.The passage mainly gives information about 　　　. 

A.an American culture

B.a cultural difference between America and China

C.a change in the Chinese culture

D.the relationship between driving and a person’s development

考点分类练(十二)　词句猜测题——句意理解类

【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Tod Morgan 双目失明、有精神缺陷并且有自闭症,但Tod 学习jazz piano并且从著名的音乐学院毕业,在家人鼓励下他向全世界表演自己的音乐。

1.B　解析: 句意理解题。由画线部分前两句可知,他双目失明、有精神缺陷且有自闭症,他看不见、无法像正常人一样学习、与人沟通,由此推知“他很难有机会可以成为一个成功人士”,故选B项。

2.A　解析: 细节理解题。由第三段中“Tod has what is called ‘savant syndrome’—a condition in which a mentally challenged person has a tightly developed talent of a specific kind.”这一句破折号后的解释可知,savant syndrome指“有精神缺陷但在某一方面非常有天赋”,故选A项。

3.B　解析: 细节理解题。由第三段中“He says that he has never seen a musical savant like Tod.Most musical savants are limited to simply repeating tunes they hear...Tod’s ability to come up with his own tunes is a giant step beyond memorization.”可知,Tod可以弹出自己的曲调而不是只靠记忆,即他与众不同的关键是有创造力,故选B项。

4.C　解析: 推理判断题。由最后一段信息可知,Tod 学习 jazz piano 并且从著名的音乐学院毕业,他被家人鼓励去向全世界表演自己的音乐,由此可推知,是音乐将Tod与周围的世界联系起来,故选C项。

【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。为了减少污染和石油短缺,汽车生产商宣布要为中国市场开发混合燃料汽车。文章主要介绍即将在中国投入运行的一种新型混合燃料汽车。

5.B　解析: 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者主要想介绍一种即将在中国投入运行的新型环保汽车,故选B项。

6.D　解析: 句意理解题。由下一句“In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages,automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles for the Chinese market.”可知,为减少污染,中国已启动环保型汽车的生产,故选D项。

7.D　解析: 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“When driving at high speed,the gasoline engine not only powers the car,but also charges the batteries.”可知,答案为D项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一种文化意识——让孩子通过拿驾照使他们意识到自己已经可以为自己负责了。

8.B　解析: 主旨大意题。由第一段和第二段内容可知,文章的主要内容是通过让孩子学会开车,通过测试拿到驾照,以此让他们明白自己是成年人了,故选B项。

9.C　解析: 句意理解题。由画线部分上文“But I’d rather be alive than driving(但是我宁愿活着,而不是开车)”可以看出,他对朋友们的驾驶技术很没有信心,即“如果朋友开车,我可能不安全”,故选C项。