2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 考点04 名词（A卷）

这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题三 考点04 名词（A卷），共5页。
2.A furnished rm r huse is available t be rented tgether with all srts f__________(furnish) in it.
3.When a small amunt f bld is taken ut frm a dnr, the bdy will make quick _____________(adjust) t it.
4.Her wrds were a great ___________(encurage) t them.
5.After __________(graduate), he tk up a jb as a teacher.
6.Only if a teacher gives ________(permit) is a student allwed t enter the teacher's ffice.
7."The ________(majr)f my patients cme t me frm ut f twn," said the dctr.
8.In the past few years, the city has changed a lt, which is almst beynd ________(recgnize).
9.He adapted effrtlessly t his new _______________ (surrund).
10.Instead f being ffered the jb, he received a ___________ (reject) letter.
二、阅读理解
Students in Hunville High Schl in Australia are riding bikes ut f desire t fight against climate change, thrughly turning their schl building int an energy efficient ne.
It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills (水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities, but it's als inspiring yung peple in the cmmunity t take actin fr the planers future.
Fur hundred students in the schl are invlved in such a campaign, which recently wn the Zayed Future Energy Prize f $133,000, sme f which was used t renvate a building t serve as the Zayed Future Energy Hub. It is a clubhuse where 13 vlunteers learn and teach hw renewable energy can be applied t ur everyday lives.
Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins (改造), they fixed slar panels n the rf, and replaced the ld windws with duble and triple nes. They added imprved energy efficient curtains. Nw, they even have special bikes that create electricity t ck fd, which in the case f a feature in ABC News Australia, were dughnuts.
The classrm was cld in the mrnings, hut the students wanted zer carbn emissins thrugh their healing. S they went ut and gt a pellet (颗粒) stve, and then if that wasn't enugh, they went ut and built a pellet mill t make their fuel frm waste sawdust(废锯末).
Althugh these activities dn't slw glbal climate change at nce, Nell Smith, the vlunteer teacher-head f the Hub knws the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin.
"This little schl in the Hun Valley, is actually ding amazing things," Smith tld ABC. "It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."
1. What des the authr mean by saying "paying-ff time" Paragraph 2?
A. The students earn much mney frm the activities.
B. The activities aruse the passin t help each ther.
C. The students have successfully inspired thers in sciety.
D. The students' effrts have prduced a gd result.
2. Why are energy efficient curtains mentined in Paragraph 4?
A. T reveal their beauty. B. T highlight their imprtance.
C. T shw the students are creative. D. T present the campaign against climate change.
3. What effect wuld these mdificatins have n ther teenagers?
A. Disturbing. B. Challenging. C. Encuraging. D. Rewarding.
4. What can we infer abut the schl accrding t the last paragraph?
A. It successfully recycles waste materials.
B. It becmes famus by fighting against climate change.
C. It sets a gd example in prtecting the planet.
D. It has dne many amazing things.
三、语法填空
"Du Fu: China's Greatest Pet", a 58-minute film released recently n BBC intrduces Du Fu t the Western wrld fr the first time ①_____ the frm f dcumentary. In the film, Michael Wd, ne f BBC's mst ppular hsts, visited ②_____ number f Chinese cities t retrace Du's steps. The dcumentary invited a well-knwn British actr Ian McKellen, ③_____ played Gandalf in The Lrd f the Rings mvies, ④_____(read) 15 f Du's pems that have been translated int English.
Brn in 712, Du Fu lived thrugh the vilent fall f China's brilliant Tang Dynasty. He had the desire t serve his cuntry, but his life ⑤_____(destry) by the An Lushan Rebellin f 755. Of the many ⑥_____(pem) he wrte, 500 have been preserved ver the ages. Fr generatins he ⑦_____(be) the guardian f the mral cnscience (良知) f the natin.
The dcumentary cmpared Du t Shakespeare t help audiences ⑧_____(well) understand the pet's great achievements in literature. It als highlighted Chinese petry, nting that its 3000-year-ld histry makes ⑨_____ the ldest petry in the wrld.
Even tday, peple ⑩​_____(suffer) under COVID-19 are still inspired by Du Fu's pems.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：guidance
解析： 定冠词the通常加在名词前面，guide的名词形式是guidance，意为"指导；引导"，不可数名词，故填guidance.
2.答案：furniture
解析： 分析句子可知此处指"家具"，应用名词furniture, furniture是不可数名词，故填furniture.
3.答案：adjustments
解析： make adjustments t sth.调整以适应，是固定搭配。故填：adjustments.
4.答案：encuragement
解析： 考查词性转换。句意：她的话对他们是一种很大的鼓舞。encuragement意为"鼓舞，鼓励"。
5.答案：graduatin
解析： 介词后接名词作宾语； graduatin是不可数名词。故填：graduatin.
6.答案：permissin
解析： gives是及物动词，后接名词作宾语；permissin是不可数名词。故填：permissin.
7.答案：majrity
解析： 考查名词。the majrity f"大多数"，固定短语，故填：majrity.
8.答案：recgnitin
解析： 考查名词。beynd recgnitin"面目全非，认不出来"，固定短语，故填：recgnitin.
9.答案：surrundings
解析： 考查词性,作宾语,所以用名词surrundings"环境", surrund为动词, surrunding为形容词,当作名词常用复数surrundings。
10.答案：rejectin
解析： 考查名词。句意：他非但没有得到那份工作，反而收到了拒绝信。分析前文语境" Instead f being ffered the jb（而不是得到这份工作）"可知，"他"并没有得到这份工作，而是被拒绝。" reject"，动词意为"拒绝"，其名词形式为" rejectin（拒绝）"，可作定语修饰空后名词"letter信）"。" a rejectin letter"，意为"拒绝信"，符合语境表达。故填 rejectin。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 DDCC
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段"It's paying-ff time, as they've helped save $44,000 in utility bills(水电费) since they started their energy-saving activities ... fr the planet's future."及第一段可知,学生们骑自行车以对抗气候变化,把他们的学校建筑彻底变成节能环保的建筑,这一努力帮助节约了大量的水电费且激励了其他人参与环保行动,这说明学生们的努力带来了好的结果。故选D。
2.考查写作意图。根据第四段的内容可知,energy efficient curtains是学生们进行节能改造的一个例子,通过理解第四段首句"Amng the large number f efficiency mdificatins(改造)…"可知,提到energy efficient curtains是为了展示应对气候变化的具体的节能环保行动。故选D。
3.考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"…the practical cntributin is exciting the minds f the next generatin."和最后一段中的"It's raised awareness f renewable energy, energy efficiency, and pprtunities in the cmmunity fr engaging them in that srt f technlgy."可知,这所学校的学生们的环保行动激发了其他青少年的环保意识,是"鼓舞人心的"。故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段Smith老师所说的话可知,这所学校的学生们做的事情提升了人们的节能环保意识,这种意识将会带动更多人参与环保行动。由此可知,这所学校在保护环境方面树立了良好的榜样。故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：①in ②a ③wh ④t read ⑤was destryed ⑥pems ⑦has been/is ⑧better ⑨it ⑩suffering
解析： ①考查介词。句意：第一次以纪录片的形式向西方观众介绍了杜甫。in the frm f意为"以……的形式"，故填in.
②考查冠词。句意：拜访了许多中国城市以追溯杜甫的足迹.a number f许多，修饰可数名词的复数形式。故填a.
③考查定语从句。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员伊恩·麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子结构可知，空白处前句成分完整，后句缺少主语，有逗号隔开，应为非限制性定语从句，先行词Tan Mckellen是人名，应用关系代词wh.故填wh.
④考查不定式。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员伊恩·麦克恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子可知，此处应为invite sb. t d sh.结构，意思是"邀请某人做某事"，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填t read.
⑤考查时态和语态。句意：但他的生活被公元755年的安史之乱破坏了。分析句子可知，主语his life和所给谓语动词destry.之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且文章讲述发生在过去的事件，应用一般过去时，故填was destryed.
⑥考查名词的数。句意：在杜甫写下的诸多诗篇中，只有500首流传至今。many后跟复数名词，故填pems.
⑦考查时态。句意：一直以来，杜甫都是中华民族道德良知的捍卫者。根据时间状语fr generatins可知，此处表示动作发生于过去并持续到现在，要用现在完成时，结合主语he，故填has been.
⑧考查副词比较级。句意：纪录片将杜甫与莎士比亚做比较以帮助观众们更好地理解杜甫在文学上的伟大成就。从句意上来看，纪录片通过比较的手段是为了帮助观众"更好"地理解，要用well的比较级better，故填better.
⑨考查代词。句意：指出中国诗歌以其3000年的历史成为了世界上现存最古老的诗歌。分析句子可知，动词make的含义是"使成为"，后面接复合宾语，the ldest living traditin f petry in the wrld是宾语补足语，其宾语指代前面名词Chinese petry，应用代词it代指，故填it.
⑩考查现在分词。句意：在一场采访中，导演甚至引用了杜甫的一句诗来鼓励正在新冠疫情下煎熬的人们。分析句子可知，这里suffer是非谓语动词，在句中作定语修饰名词peple, suffer与peple之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式，故填suffering.