2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市宜阳县高一上学期12月清北园第五次能力达标检测英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力部分）

宜阳县2022-2023学年高一上学期12月清北园第五次能力达标检测

英语

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

A

It’s currently December and Christmas is almost here. And what better way to spend time with your loved ones than sitting down to watch some classic Christmas movies? Listed below are four films that will make you laugh, cry or both this festive season.

The Grinch（2000）

This is a Christmas must-watch and one of Jim Carrey’s best performances. It was also originally a children’s book written by Dr Seuss, which I would recommend reading! It’s the story of a green monster who wants to ruin Christmas, but who in the end discovers the power of love and generosity. I promise it’s a great film with plenty of laughs along the way.

Love Actually（2003）

While this is not a personal favourite of mine, people in the UK absolutely love this film. It has a number of stars, featuring actors and actresses such as Hugh Grant, Emma Thompson and Alan Rickman. It might be a little difficult to follow as there are lots of different sub-plots, so I recommend watching a dubbed version（配音版）in your native language.

Home Alone（1990）

This film is one of my favourite films of all time and I would watch it all year round if I could. It tells the story of a boy, Kevin, who is left alone in his house when his large family forget to take him on vacation with them. While the family are away, burglars（小偷）try to rob the house and Kevin must protect his home by setting traps. The trips, falls and traps will have you laughing out loud as you watch a 10-year old boy outsmart two grown men.

Miracle on 34th Street（1994）

You can’t have Christmas in an English-speaking country without watching this film. It’s not funny like Home Alone or The Grinch, but it is incredibly touching. It’s about a man who claims to be Santa, but nobody believes him except a lawyer and a little girl.

1．In which film can you see Jim Carrey’s wonderful performance?

A．The Grinch. B．Love Actually. C．Home Alone. D．Miracle on 34th Street.

2．What can we know about Love Actually?

A．It’s one of the author’s favorite films.

B．We’d better watch a dubbed version.

C．It’s a film about the power of love and generosity.

D．Some handkerchief papers are necessary when we watch it.

3．What do the film The Grinch and Home Alone have in common?

A．They are very touching.

B．They are only fit for children.

C．They are funny and make people laugh a lot.

D．They are popular and tell a story about kids.

B

We’ve all been told that different types of fruits and vegetables have different benefits that help us maintain our health. A new international study has found that eating one fruit regularly can help reduce the risk of cancer, among those people who have a high risk of developing certain cancers.

The research which followed almost 1000 patients with Lynch syndrome-a genetic condition that makes people predisposed to orange of cancers found that a regular intake of resistant starch(抗酶解淀粉)could have a major preventative effect on the risk of cancer. Here’s what you need to know about how eating bananas can help reduce risk of cancer.

Resistant starch is a type of carbohydrate(碳水化合物)which feeds beneficial gut bacteria. It is found in green bananas. By eating green bananas your body gets a regular dose of resistant starch, which has been found to reduce risk of cancers in some parts of the body by more than half, according to the new research. The study, which was published in Cancer Prevention Research, was led by experts at the Universities of Newcastle and Leeds. It found that resistant starch, if taken regularly for an average of two years, had a positive effect on some cancers, which can be difficult to detect.

John Mather, a professor at Newcastle University explained:“Resistant starch acts in effect, like dietary fibre in your digestive system. This type of starch has several health benefits and fewer calories than regular starch.”

Besides green bananas, resistant starch is also found in foods such as peas, oats, cereal, beans and other starchy foods. You can also take resistant starch as a powder supplement.

In terms of bananas, experts recommend that eating one banana daily is the equivalent of one dose of resistant starch. The trick is to eat the bananas before they become too ripe or soft.

4．Which of the following can prevent the risk of cancer?

A．Carbohydrate. B．resistant starch.

C．dietary fibre. D．gut bacteria.

5．What did the new research find?

A．Eating green bananas regularly could serve as a power supplement.

B．Eating green bananas regularly could reduce risk of cancers.

C．Eating bananas regularly could improve life expectancy.

D．Green bananas would have fewer calories.

6．What aspect does John Mather’ s research probably focus on?

A．human nutrition. B．plants formation.

C．herbal medicine. D．weight control.

7．According to the text what would the experts suggest people do?

A．Take more green bananas.

B．Reduce calories and dietary fibre.

C．Keep regular intake of resistant starch.

D．Detect hidden cancers earlier.

C

Seth Magle is an urban ecologist in Chicago. In 2021, he started building a network of fellow urban animal lovers from around the world. They’re working to collect information so that it can be compared in different cities.

With the goal of trying to create more wildlife inclusive cities, the network helps reduce human wildlife conflict and increase human wildlife coexistence in the massively urbanizing areas.

In Chicago, Magle and his team have been watching their city’s wildlife for about 10 years. All together, they have over 100 camera traps set up across different types of urban environments from the downtown Loop and city parks to nature preserves and suburb golf courses.

During times of recent extreme heat, we do definitely see animals reduce movement and just stay where they are. It’s probably energetically difficult to move around when it’s so hot. Although this works for a short term in high temperature, it’s not ideal over a longer period because it means less time to search for food or a new mate.

As Magle and his network of urban researchers look toward the future and climate change, they predict bigger shifts. Temperatures everywhere are projected to warm, so wildlife in urban settings and beyond will likely have to shift their normal regions a bit further north to where it feels more comfortable and to what they’re already used to. We don’t have armadillos in Chicago, but we have them in the southern part of the state. And they seem to be migrating north.

Only time will tell how our urban wildlife reacts to these longer-term shifts in temperature.

For now, it sounds like urban animals — so long as they’re healthy — are totally capable of handling a few days of extreme heat here and there.

8．What is the aim of the network?

A．To observe wildlife in different cities. B．To compare animals’ living conditions.

C．To collect information of urban animals. D．To help human and wildlife coexist.

9．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3?

A．The tracks of wildlife activities. B．The movement of urban animals.

C．The way of watching city animals. D．The different types of urbanization.

10．In what way do animals escape extreme heat?

A．Keeping still. B．Moving constantly.

C．Shifting to the north. D．Looking for food everywhere.

11．What is the text probably taken from?

A．A market report. B．A science magazine.

C．A biological textbook. D．A social research report.

D

Gravy started working as a comfort dog at Grand Ledge High School in Michigan in September. She showed off tricks in the hallways with her handler (驯兽员), Capra, and made students laugh aloud. When students learned that Gravy’s first birthday fell just before Thanksgiving break, they asked Capra if they could throw a party. Capra said sure, thinking there wouldn’t be many people interested. However, on the big day, there were several hundred students in this gym.

The pandemic (大流行病) has been hard on students across the United States. Many young people experienced loneliness and the loss of loved ones. To solve the problem, schools have hired social workers and increased the number of their social-emotional learning classes.In some cases, they bought dogs.

Undoubtedly, the dogs make kids happy.“He’s kind of like a rock star; when the kids see him coming, they smile,“ said Traci Souva, an art teacher at North Huron Schools who trains Chipper, another comfort dog. “A lot of times the kids will tell Chipper what’s wrong rather than adults, and that’s pretty amazing.”

There are possible blemishes of having dogs in school. These include cleanliness, and student fears. But school officials say these are all manageable. The dogs are highly trained and always with a handler, so no student is forced to communicate with the dogs if they don’t want to.

Since the pandemic, demand for trained dogs in schools“has just increased,“ said Nikki Brown, a dog trainer and the director of Canines for Change, a nonprofit that trains dogs for work in schools. Over the last year, her organization has provided dogs to at least seven areas in Michigan, including Grand Ledge. “The dogs are highly trained to be in a school environment,” she added.“They are trained to work with kids with emotional problems. They sense stress. By the dogs’ behaviour they might warn a teacher of a kid who is struggling emotionally.“

12．Which of the following best describes Gravy as a comfort dog?

A．Tricky. B．Popular. C．Humorous. D．Caring.

13．What does the underlined word“blemishes” mean in paragraph 4?

A．Requirements. B．Disadvantages. C．Influences. D．Suggestions.

14．What can we infer from Nikki Brown’s words?

A．Working on campus brings a lot of pressure to dogs.

B．There is a high global market demand for trained dogs.

C．School environment can affect dogs’ behaviour greatly.

D．The dogs have the ability to notice students’ mental illness.

15．What is the best title for the text?

A．How dogs relieve students’ mental problems

B．How dogs ensure students’ safety on campus

C．How dogs enrich students’ after-school activities

D．How dogs develop students’ sense of responsibility

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

Livestock(牲畜)cloning is the practice of cloning sheep, cattle and other livestock species as a way to improve efficiency. The basic idea behind livestock cloning is to clone animals that have certain qualities, such as cows that produce more milk or meat. ___16___

However, this practice is very controversial, and livestock farmers have been hesitant to adopt it fully because of public opposition and certain inefficiencies.

In technical terms, livestock are cloned by taking cells from one animal and using them to fertilize(使受精)eggs. Scientists take the fertilized eggs and put them in female animals. ___17___  Many animals are born with abnormal shapes. Scientists are looking for ways to improve the process and make it less expensive to adopt on a wider scale.

 ___18___ For example, if farmers were able to take only their very best animals and recreate them many times, they could potentially be more productive.

There are also some potential problems with cloned livestock. ___19___ For example, when a disease hits, there are usually individuals that cannot be harmed by the disease or are more resistant, and they will generally survive. If all the animals were genetically(在基因方面)similar, this sort of disease could totally destroy an entire generation of livestock.

In addition to concerns about genetic diversity, there are other concerns about cloning. ___20___ There are also some people who worry that livestock cloning research may be a gateway to introducing human cloning, which is widely disapproved of.

A．Are the surviving clones really clones?

B．Therefore, the new species are expected to be better.

C．The biggest one arises from a reduction in genetic diversity.

D．Cloned livestock have the potential to provide some major benefits.

E．Cloning animals shows us what might happen if we try to clone humans.

F．These concerns sometimes come from worries over unforeseen consequences.

G．This process doesn’t always work perfectly, and it can be relatively expensive.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Vishweshwar Dutt Saklani took his last breath on January 18, 2019, but he will live on in the memory of his countrymen as the “Tree Man of Uttarakhan”, who planted over 5 million trees.

Saklani had been fond of trees all his life. He planted his first tree at eight under his uncle's___21___and kept it for the next seven decades of his life, until he was___22___.People know he loved trees, but few know that he planted trees to___23___the tragedies in his life. When his brother died, the Tree Man disappeared into the forest every morning and spent whole days planting trees. Then, in 1958, his wife died and he did the same to do with the ___24___. It was like he ____25____his life to planting trees as a tribute(悼念)to his____26____ brother and wife.

The people of his village grew to love him, _____27_____it wasn't always like this. In the beginning, villagers_____28_____him and even beat him, because he was covering common land. But he never _____29_____ . He continued planting trees and _____30_____got understood.

Saklani kept _____31_____his forest until 10 years ago, when he lost his sight. In 1986, he received the Indian  Priyadarshani Award for his continued efforts to protect the ecology. In the same year, Saklani  _____32_____ a major blow, after a massive wildfire turned many trees to ashes. Despite the efforts of the local community to control the _____33_____, it still destroyed much of the Tree Man's forest. Although hit by the_____34_____, Saklani believed that the trees would grow back once the rains came.

Saklani died at 96, but his spirit _____35_____on in the forest.

21．A．attack B．defence C．guidance D．blame

22．A．blind B．deaf C．silly D．dizzy

23．A．deal with B．pay back C．set off D．hold on

24．A．disease B．happiness C．breath D．pain

25．A．led B．devoted C．stuck D．turned

26．A．disappeared B．disabled C．late D．unfortunate

27．A．yet B．so C．or D．and

28．A．supported B．encouraged C．judged D．opposed

29．A．broke up B．died out C．gave up D．went away

30．A．luckily B．eventually C．sadly D．immediately

31．A．cutting B．experiencing C．purchasing D．expanding

32．A．suffered B．created C．reduced D．increased

33．A．smoke B．leaves C．flames D．rain

34．A．difficulty B．emergency C．problem D．catastrophe

35．A．feeds B．lives C．depends D．works

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The High Temperatures in Antarctica(南极洲)

Vostok station is a Russian weather station in Antarctica. It’s famous ____36____ having the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth:-89.2℃. But last Friday, Vostok set ____37____ new record, this time for its warmest March temperature ever: -18℃. That may not sound very warm, but it’s 15℃ warmer than average. Other areas in Antarctica were even ____38____ (hot). A nearby weather station was 37℃ higher than average. Some ____39____ (place) in Antarctica were expected to be as much as 50℃ warmer than normal.

A scientist, ____40____ studies weather in Antarctica, said the temperatures had ____41____ (complete) changed our expectations about the Antarctic climate system. At this time of year, Antarctica is losing 25 minutes of daylight every day, and should be getting colder instead of warmer.

An “atmospheric river” of warm, wet air hit Antarctica last Tuesday. This kind of weather pattern isn’t that unusual. But once it got to Antarctica, it was stopped from ____42____ (leave) by a hight pressure system, called a “pressure dome (穹顶)”. A similar pressure dome ____43____ (cause) an extreme heat wave in North America’s northwest last summer.

Scientists say that the melting (融化) from this one event isn’t likely to cause big changes. And it’s too early ____44____(say) if climate change led to this event. But scientists say they are watching carefully to see whether this is a one-time event ____45____ part of a new pattern.

第三部分读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jenny and Lisa are close friends. They’re studying in high school now.

One day about half a year ago, Jenny found that Lisa was chatting on her cellphone. Jenny was surprised as she didn’t know Lisa had gone downtown to buy a cellphone. So Jenny asked her, “When did you get your cellphone?”

“I bought it yesterday. Look! How lovely it looks!” said Lisa.

Jenny looked at the cellphone, which looked really lovely. Jenny wished she also could have such a cellphone.

That day, after Jenny came back home, she saw her father sitting on the sofa reading a newspaper. Jenny approached him and said, “Dad, could I have a cellphone? Many of my classmates have their own cellphones now.”

“Of course, you can have one,” said Jenny’s father.

“Thank you, Dad,” Jenny said happily. Then she asked, “When shall we go downtown to buy one?”

The father looked up hearing that. Then he said, “Oh, no, dear! I’m not going to buy you a cellphone. If you really want one, you should make money to buy one yourself.”

Jenny immediately became upset. But she knew her father was serious. She walked away and went to her own room.

The following day, Jenny went to school as usual. Lisa came to her and asked why she was wearing a long face that day. Jenny said, “I asked my dad to buy a cellphone for me, but he said I should work for one myself.” But Lisa didn’t seem to be surprised at all, and she said, “Don’t get surprised, because that's how I bought my own cellphone.”

Hearing that, Jenny remembered Lisa once told her she was helping look after the Smiths’ one-year-old son in the past summer. Now she knew why she worked part-time that summer. Lisa wanted a new cellphone and she worked to make money for it.

That day after Jenny came back home from school, she went to her father. She was no longer upset. She told her father that she had decided to find a job to make money. “Good,” said her father. Jenny started to look for part-time work on the Internet. Lucky for her, some families in the neighborhood were looking for part-time workers. One old couple needed someone to cut the grass. A young couple needed someone to look after their baby. Jenny called the families and she was offered the jobs.

注意：1. 续写词数应为100左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Jenny started to work part-time. ____________________________________________________________________

What an exciting moment!_________________________________________

参考答案

A    2．B    3．C  4．B    5．B    6．A    7．C  8．D    9．C    10．A    11．B  12．B    13．B    14．D    15．A16．B    17．G    18．D    19．C    20．F      

21．C    22．A        23．A       24．D    25．B    26．C    27．A    28．D    29．C    30.B    31．D        

32．A    33．C    34．D    35．B 

36．for    37．a    38．hotter   39．places    40．who    

41．completely    42．leaving    43．caused    44．to say    45．or

读后续写 （满分25分）

Jenny started to work part-time. First she cut the grass for the old couple. And then she looked after the baby for the young couple. She kept doing other part-time jobs. Three months later, Jenny had enough money for a cellphone.

What an exciting moment! She went downtown. But to everyone’s amazement, Jenny didn't buy a cellphone. Instead, she bought a briefcase as a birthday gift for her father because it was her father's birthday the following day. When Jenny realized it was not easy to earn money, she didn’t want to spend the money she had earned carelessly. And she thought the gift was more meaningful and her father might be happy because she bought it with her own money.