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2022-2023学年北京市一零一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年北京市一零一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷含解析，共11页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
17-ycar-ld Nrwd was driving three friends hme in St. Petersburg, Flrida. As they reached a crssrads, a black car 21 them. Their car sailed int smene's yard and crashed int a tree.
As smke rse frm the car, a bystander shuted, “It's abut t blw up! Get ut!” The 22 had caved in Nrwd's driver's side dr, jamming it shut. 23 but therwise OK, she climbed ut thrugh the windw. Alng with tw f her friends, wh'd als managed t 24 themselves, Nrwd ran fr her life.
But halfway dwn the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmns, wasn't with them.
Nrwd ran 25 and fund Simmns in the back seat, uncnscius. She threw pen the back dr and pulled her friend ut, aviding the brken glass as best as she culd. She 26 Simmns t safety and laid her n the grund. “I checked her pulse, and put my head against her chest. N sign f life,” Nrwd tld CNN, “That's when I started CPR. Frtunately, I 27 my CPR certificate yesterday.”
She started pumping Simmns's chest and breathing int her friend's muth in hpes f filling her lungs with the kiss f life. N 28 . And then, after the 30 cmpressins (按压) and tw rescue breaths, Simmns regained cnsciusness. The CPR had 29 !
Sn, paramedics (急救人员) arrived and rushed Simmns t the hspital, where she heard hw her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn't 30 ,” Simmns said. “She will always help any way she can.”
21. A. stppedB. hitC. guidedD. passed
22. A. impactB. symblC. weightD. gravity
23. A. RelaxedB. ShakenC. AmazedD. Embarrassed
24. A. releaseB. defeatC. meetD. prtect
25. A. backB. arundC. frwardD. utside
26. A. pushedB. rlledC. drveD. dragged
27. A. lstB. testedC. earnedD. prvided
28. A. trubleB. respnseC. preparatinD. exceptin
29. A. begunB. finishedC. failedD. wrked
30. A. calmB. upsetC. surprisedD. nervus
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
My classmates and I tk part in a vluntary activity n the Internatinal Vlunteer Day. We had a meeting t discuss what t d befre the activity. Our mnitr suggested giving directins t thse 31 gt lst, and everyne agreed. On the mrning f December 5th, we came t the crssrads near ur schl t make careful preparatin. Sme were hanging up banners, while thers 32 (put) maps in rder. The peple we helped were all 33 (satisfy) and praised us fr what we did.
B
Mst peple knw yga as a kind f exercise, which aims at develping strength and flexibility. Hwever, 34 yga is really abut is mre than just exercise. Peple d yga 35 (hear) what their bdies are telling them as well as the quiet vice inside them. In 2014, the Prime Minister f India, Narendra Mdi, asked the United Natins t create an Internatinal Day f Yga. The United Natins agreed, and nw Internatinal Yga Day 36 (celebrate) in June.
C
The United Natins Internatinal Children's Emergency Fund, als knwn as UNICEF, is a United Natins 37(rganize) based in New Yrk. It ffers help needed by children all ver the wrld. UNICEF was funded 38 11th December, 1946 t prvide fd and healthcare t children in cuntries damaged in Wrld War II. Since 1953, UNICEF 39 (take) up an extended missin t help children in the develping wrld, including thse living with disease r disabilities, and thse affected by rapid mdernizatin and envirnmental 40 (prblem).
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）
第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
41. Jvan wrte the email t ___________.
A. prvide infrmatinB. share experiences
C. express dissatisfactinD. raise expectatins
42. Accrding t Jvan, the guide ___________.
A. rganized cultural activitiesB. failed t perfrm duties
C. had a gd knwledge f the city D. received punishment fr bad behavir
43. What effect des Jvan want his email t have n Mr. Mallry?
A. T make him feel srry. B. T cause him wrry.
C. T bring him disappintment. D. T get him int truble.
B
Cllabratin at wrk is generally seen as a gd thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times f what emplyers want frm MBA students fund that the ability t wrk in a team, t wrk with a wide variety f peple and t build, maintain and expand a netwrk f peple were three f the tp five skills that managers wanted.
But managers always have t balance the merits f teamwrk, which help ensure that everyne is wrking twards the same gal, with the dangers f “grupthink” when sme dn't pint ut the faults f a plan t fit in with thers. When peple are aware f the views f thers, there is a tendency fr them t fllw, as participants an reluctant t lk flish by deviating frm the majrity view. The same effect may lead t stck-market bubbles.
Mdern cmmunicatin methds mean that cllabratin is mre frequent. Wrkers are cnstantly in tuch with each ther via e-mail, messaging grups r mbile calls. But des that imprve r wrsen perfrmance?
A new study by Ethan Bernstein, Jesse Shre and David Lazer, three American academics, tried t answer this questin. They set a lgical prblem (devising the shrtest rute fr a travelling salesman visiting varius cities). Three grups were invlved: ne where subjects acted individually; anther where they saw the slutins psted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept infrmed f each ther's views nly intermittently.
The survey fund that members f the individualist grup reached the best slutin mre ften than the cnstant cllabratrs, but had a prer average result. The intermittent cllabratrs fund the right result as ften as the individualists, and gt a better average slutin.
When, it cmes t idea generatin, giving peple a bit f space t find a slutin seems t be a gd idea. Occasinal cllabratin can be a big help; mst peple have benefited frm a clleague's wise advice t avid a particular curse f actin.
Clse teamwrk may be vital in the lwer reaches f a grup, but at the tp, smene has t make a decisin. At this stage, intense cllabratin may be less helpful. Fashin huses with c-creative directrs are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led. C-led teams f Himalayan climbers are mre likely t suffer deaths than thse with single leaders. Experts think that c-leadership “creates uncertainty ver wh is really in charge”. The battles between Sandy Weill and Jhn Reed when they were c-Chief Executive Officers f Citigrup in the late 1990s were infamus. Less than 5% f cmpanies in the Frtune 500 have used a c-CEO structure since 1989. In shrt, cllabratin may be a useful tl, but it desn't wrk in every situatin.
44. What des the underlined wrd “deviating” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. suffering. B. differing. C. varying. D. ranging.
45. In the new study cnducted by three American academics, _________.
A. cnstant cllabratrs had the prest average slutin
B. all subjects had the chances t visit a variety f cities
C. individualists fund the right result the mst ften
D. ccasinal cllabratin prmted perfrmance
46. Frm the last paragraph, we can learn that _________.
A. fashin huses were mre likely t be creative with a single authrity
B. Himalayan climbers wrk tgether t avid ptential deaths
C. Sandy Weill and Jhn Reed were nt s creative leaders
D. successful cmpanies have ne Chief Executive Officer
47. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. What Is Cllabratin?B. When Des Cllabratin Wrk?
C. Why is Cllabratin Highly Valued?
D. Hw D Peple Cllabrate with Others in a Team?
C
Up until a few decades ag, ur visins f the future were largely—thugh by n means unifrmly—glwingly psitive. Science and technlgy wuld cure all the ills f humanity, leading t lives f fulfillment and pprtunity fr all.
Nw utpia has grwn unfashinable, as we have gained a deeper appreciatin f the range f threats facing us, frm asterid strike t epidemic flu and t climate change. Yu might even be tempted t assume that humanity has little future t lk frward t.
But such glminess is misplaced. The fssil recrd shws that many species have endured fr millins f years—s why shuldn't we? Take a brader lk at ur species' place in the universe, and it becmes clear that we have an excellent chance f surviving fr tens, if nt hundreds, f thusands f years. Lk up hm sapiens (智人) in the “Red List” f threatened species f the Internatinal Unin fr the Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), and yu will read: “Listed as Least Cncern as the species is very widely distributed, currently increasing, and there are n majr threats resulting in an verall ppulatin decline.”
S what des ur deep future hld? A grwing number f researchers and institutins are nw thinking seriusly abut that questin. Fr example, the Lng Nw Fundatin has its flagship prject a mechanical clck that is designed t still be marking time thusands f years hence.
Perhaps willfully, it may be easier t think abut such lengthy timescales than abut the mre immediate future. The ptential evlutin f tday's technlgy, and its scial cnsequences, is dazzlingly cmplicated, and it's perhaps best left t science fictin writers and futurlgists t explre the many pssibilities we can cnceive (构想). That’s ne reasn why we have launched Arc, a new publicatin dedicated t the near future.
But take a lnger view and there is a surprising amunt that we can say with cnsiderable assurance. As s ften, the past hlds the key t the future: we have nw identified enugh f the lng-term patterns shaping the histry f the planet, and ur species, t make evidence-based frecasts abut the situatins in which ur descendants (后代) will find themselves.
This lng perspective makes the pessimistic view f ur prspects seem mre likely t be a passing fad (狂热). T be sure, the future is nt all rsy. But we are nw knwledgeable enugh t reduce many f the risks that threatened the existence f earlier humans, and t imprve the lt f thse t cme.
48. Our visin f the future used t be influenced by _________.
A. ur desire fr lives f fulfillmentB. ur faith in science and technlgy
C. ur awareness f ptential risksD. ur belief in equal pprtunity
49. The IUCN's “Red List” suggests that human beings are _________.
A. a sustained speciesB. a misplaced race
C. a threat t the envirnmentD. the wrld's dminant pwer
50. What can we learn frm Paragraph 5?
A. Arc helps limit the scpe f futurlgical studies.
B. Technlgy ffers slutins t scial prblem.
C. The interest in science fictin is n the rise.
D. Our immediate future is hard t imagine.
51. T ensure the future f mankind, it is crucial t _________.
A. explre ur planet's abundant resurcesB. adpt an ptimistic view f the wrld
C. draw n ur experience frm the pastD. cntrl ur ambitin t reshape histry
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu'll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,” while anther read: “ 52 ”With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. 53 Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. 54 If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 55
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. 56 Over time, bth f yu will benefit—yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better player in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
第四部分：基础落实（共两节，11分）
第一节 单词拼写（请用一、二单元学过的单词完成，共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
57. After g _____frm cllege, he decided t be a vlunteer teacher in his hmetwn.
58. The King's speech greatly i _____curage amng the citizens during Wrld War II.
59. At the Olympic Games, with sweat and tears, these a _____tried their best and prved t be natinal heres.
60. With the new e _____set up in the gym, the students started their training at nce.
61. T everybdy's r _____, the missing by was finally fund and returned hme safely.
第二节 完成句子（请用一、二单元学过的短语完成，共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
62.我有一份前十位要读的书单并且我努力保持它不断更新。
I have a tp 10 reading list and I try t __________________________________________.
63.我希望你已经适应了新学校。
I hpe yu ____________________________the new schl.
64.我希望我会在说英语上建立自信。
I hpe I will ____________________________speaking English.
65.比起慢跑我更喜欢打篮球。
I prefer t play basketball ____________________________g jgging.
66.很明显，所有他额外花在独自练习上的时间都得到了回报。
Clearly, all the extra hurs that he'd spent practicing alne ____________________________.
67.Paul为了入选队伍不得不参加了多次选拔。
Paul had t ________________________many times fr making the team.
第五部分：书面表达（共两节，27分）
第一节 阅读表达（共3小题，第63、64小题各2分，第65小题3分，共7分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
The Lie We Tell Ourselves Abut Ging t Bed Early
It is nthing new t mst peple that adequate sleep imprves well-being. One recent study f mre than 30, 000 U. K. residents fund that peple wh increased their quantity f sleep ver a fur-year perid gt abut the same happiness benefits as they wuld have frm eight weeks f therapy, r frm winning up t $280, 000 in a lttery. Well-rested peple are mre scial and have mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners. A lack f sleep, hwever, lwers happiness by reducing emtinal-memry recall and encuraging a scarcity mindset (稀缺心态).
If all f this seems bvius, why dn't we sleep mre? Physical cnditins, wrk, stress, and yung kids are all cmmn barriers t prper sleep. Hwever, anther barrier cmes purely frm what schlars call “revenge bed time prcrastinatin”, a habit in which sme peple put ff sleep as a frm f rebellin against their wn inner authrity. The writer Sylvia Plath described it nicely: “I wnder why I dn't g t bed and g t sleep. But then it wuld be tmrrw, s I decide that n matter hw tired I am, I can skip ne hur mre f sleep and live.” Weirdly, we deprive urselves f sleep t shw sme srt f independence frm—well, urselves.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin seems illgical, in that the perpetratr (行为人) and the recipient f the revenge are the same persn. But the explanatin is fairly straightfrward: It happens because, generally speaking, peple dislike being tld what t d in ther parts f their life, s they fight back by demnstrating their wn authrity and staying up.
Persnal cntrl ver ur envirnment— r even the feeling f cntrl—is deeply cnnected t ur emtinal balance. Given that sleep is smething we can directly cntrl, we may break cmmn-sense rules abut getting t bed, because we are uncnsciusly seeking a better emtinal state—until the mrning, when the alarm clck fills us with regret.
68. Accrding t the recent study, what are the benefits f adequate sleep?
69. What is “revenge bed time prcrastinatin”?
70. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because there are imprtant things left t d.
第二节 写作（共20分）
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jim来信询问你们班参加刚刚举办的学校运动会的情况。请你用英文写一封回信，内容包括：
1.参加情况（项目，成绩等）；
2.你的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京一零一中学2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试
英语试题（答案）
2022. 11. 2
第一部分 听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
第一、二节（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1-5 ABACA6-10 ACBBC11-15 BCABC
第三节（共5小题，共5分）
16. September17. ancient18. free19. Germany20. supprt
第二部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
21-25 BABAA 26-30 DCBDC
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
31. wh32. were putting33. satisfied34. what35. t hear
36. is celebrated37. rganiz/satin38. n39. has taken40. prblems
第三部分 阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）
第一节 A篇41-43 CBAB篇44-47 BDABC篇48-51 BADC
第二节 52-56 CDBGF
第四部分 基础落实（共两节，11分）
第四部分 基础落实（共两节，11分）
第一节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
57. graduating 58. inspired 59. athletes 60. equipment 61. relief
第二节完成句子（共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
62. keep it updated
63. have adapted t
64. develp/build cnfidence in
65. rather than
66, paid ff
67. try ut
第五部分 书面表达（共两节，共27分）
第一节 阅读表达（共3小题，第68、69小题各2分，第70小题3分，共7分）
68. Well-rested peple are mre scial and have mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners. 或者 Being mre scial and having mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners.
69. Revenge bed time prcrastinatin is a habit in which sme peple put ff sleep as a frm f rebellin against their wn inner authrity.
70. Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because there are imprtant things left t d.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because peple dislike being tld what t d in ther parts f their life.
第二节 写作（共20分）
Pssible versin
Dear Jim,
Hw are yu recently? In yur last letter, yu asked abut the schl sprts-meet held last week, I'm writing t share with yu sme detailed infrmatin.
Our class tk an active part in all the events in the track and field, like 100-meter race, lng distance running, lng jump and high jump. Althugh we were nt talented in sprts, all the athletes tried hard and the ther students cheered fr them thrughut the cmpetitin. What impressed us mst was the 400-meter relay race, in which the fur runners cperated perfectly and wn the first place. Seeing tears and sweat mixing n their faces, I was deeply mved. The sprts meet prvides us with the chance t strengthen ur bdies and bst ur sense f unity as well.
What abut yur sprts meet? I'm lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li HuaFrm: jvangagic56@memail.cm
T: kmallry@LN.rg
Subject: Hi!
Dear Mr. Mallry,
I am writing t tell yu my deep disappintment fr my experience at Lingua Nva English summer schl in the first tw weeks f July. I had been thrughly lking frward t learning English and learning abut culture in the UK, but I am afraid that my time at yur summer schl failed t live up t my expectatins.
Yur brchure states that the student accmmdatin is situated “in the heart f Edinburgh”. This is misleading as my accmmdatin was, in fact, situated a gd fifty minutes bus ride frm the city center in what I can nly describe as a less than picturesque part f the suburbs.
In additin, the activity prgramme did nt reflect the fact that we were lcated in ne f Eurpe's mst interesting and histrical cities: ne evening activity cnsisted f a walk t a nearby park, anther was a trip t a narrw street which was nt usually used by cars. Finally, n ur ne trip int the city center ur “guide” readily admitted that she was nt frm Edinburgh, and had in fact never visited the city befre. I had been eagerly expecting a guided tur f Sctland's treasures. In fact, I was left in the city center with n map and tld t “check things ut” while yur emplyee went shpping in Prince Street.
This was a lng awaited trip and cst me ver tw years' hard wrk and saving. Althugh I d have psitive memries f my trip (my English teachers were knwledgeable and enthusiastic), the accmmdatin and activity prgramme were whlly unsatisfactry.
I wuld like t get my mney back fr the accmmdatin and wuld really appreciate a reply within the next tw weeks.
Yurs sincerely,
Jvan Gagic
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
17-ycar-ld Nrwd was driving three friends hme in St. Petersburg, Flrida. As they reached a crssrads, a black car 21 them. Their car sailed int smene's yard and crashed int a tree.
As smke rse frm the car, a bystander shuted, “It's abut t blw up! Get ut!” The 22 had caved in Nrwd's driver's side dr, jamming it shut. 23 but therwise OK, she climbed ut thrugh the windw. Alng with tw f her friends, wh'd als managed t 24 themselves, Nrwd ran fr her life.
But halfway dwn the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmns, wasn't with them.
Nrwd ran 25 and fund Simmns in the back seat, uncnscius. She threw pen the back dr and pulled her friend ut, aviding the brken glass as best as she culd. She 26 Simmns t safety and laid her n the grund. “I checked her pulse, and put my head against her chest. N sign f life,” Nrwd tld CNN, “That's when I started CPR. Frtunately, I 27 my CPR certificate yesterday.”
She started pumping Simmns's chest and breathing int her friend's muth in hpes f filling her lungs with the kiss f life. N 28 . And then, after the 30 cmpressins (按压) and tw rescue breaths, Simmns regained cnsciusness. The CPR had 29 !
Sn, paramedics (急救人员) arrived and rushed Simmns t the hspital, where she heard hw her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn't 30 ,” Simmns said. “She will always help any way she can.”
21. A. stppedB. hitC. guidedD. passed
22. A. impactB. symblC. weightD. gravity
23. A. RelaxedB. ShakenC. AmazedD. Embarrassed
24. A. releaseB. defeatC. meetD. prtect
25. A. backB. arundC. frwardD. utside
26. A. pushedB. rlledC. drveD. dragged
27. A. lstB. testedC. earnedD. prvided
28. A. trubleB. respnseC. preparatinD. exceptin
29. A. begunB. finishedC. failedD. wrked
30. A. calmB. upsetC. surprisedD. nervus
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
My classmates and I tk part in a vluntary activity n the Internatinal Vlunteer Day. We had a meeting t discuss what t d befre the activity. Our mnitr suggested giving directins t thse 31 gt lst, and everyne agreed. On the mrning f December 5th, we came t the crssrads near ur schl t make careful preparatin. Sme were hanging up banners, while thers 32 (put) maps in rder. The peple we helped were all 33 (satisfy) and praised us fr what we did.
B
Mst peple knw yga as a kind f exercise, which aims at develping strength and flexibility. Hwever, 34 yga is really abut is mre than just exercise. Peple d yga 35 (hear) what their bdies are telling them as well as the quiet vice inside them. In 2014, the Prime Minister f India, Narendra Mdi, asked the United Natins t create an Internatinal Day f Yga. The United Natins agreed, and nw Internatinal Yga Day 36 (celebrate) in June.
C
The United Natins Internatinal Children's Emergency Fund, als knwn as UNICEF, is a United Natins 37(rganize) based in New Yrk. It ffers help needed by children all ver the wrld. UNICEF was funded 38 11th December, 1946 t prvide fd and healthcare t children in cuntries damaged in Wrld War II. Since 1953, UNICEF 39 (take) up an extended missin t help children in the develping wrld, including thse living with disease r disabilities, and thse affected by rapid mdernizatin and envirnmental 40 (prblem).
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）
第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
41. Jvan wrte the email t ___________.
A. prvide infrmatinB. share experiences
C. express dissatisfactinD. raise expectatins
42. Accrding t Jvan, the guide ___________.
A. rganized cultural activitiesB. failed t perfrm duties
C. had a gd knwledge f the city D. received punishment fr bad behavir
43. What effect des Jvan want his email t have n Mr. Mallry?
A. T make him feel srry. B. T cause him wrry.
C. T bring him disappintment. D. T get him int truble.
B
Cllabratin at wrk is generally seen as a gd thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times f what emplyers want frm MBA students fund that the ability t wrk in a team, t wrk with a wide variety f peple and t build, maintain and expand a netwrk f peple were three f the tp five skills that managers wanted.
But managers always have t balance the merits f teamwrk, which help ensure that everyne is wrking twards the same gal, with the dangers f “grupthink” when sme dn't pint ut the faults f a plan t fit in with thers. When peple are aware f the views f thers, there is a tendency fr them t fllw, as participants an reluctant t lk flish by deviating frm the majrity view. The same effect may lead t stck-market bubbles.
Mdern cmmunicatin methds mean that cllabratin is mre frequent. Wrkers are cnstantly in tuch with each ther via e-mail, messaging grups r mbile calls. But des that imprve r wrsen perfrmance?
A new study by Ethan Bernstein, Jesse Shre and David Lazer, three American academics, tried t answer this questin. They set a lgical prblem (devising the shrtest rute fr a travelling salesman visiting varius cities). Three grups were invlved: ne where subjects acted individually; anther where they saw the slutins psted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept infrmed f each ther's views nly intermittently.
The survey fund that members f the individualist grup reached the best slutin mre ften than the cnstant cllabratrs, but had a prer average result. The intermittent cllabratrs fund the right result as ften as the individualists, and gt a better average slutin.
When, it cmes t idea generatin, giving peple a bit f space t find a slutin seems t be a gd idea. Occasinal cllabratin can be a big help; mst peple have benefited frm a clleague's wise advice t avid a particular curse f actin.
Clse teamwrk may be vital in the lwer reaches f a grup, but at the tp, smene has t make a decisin. At this stage, intense cllabratin may be less helpful. Fashin huses with c-creative directrs are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led. C-led teams f Himalayan climbers are mre likely t suffer deaths than thse with single leaders. Experts think that c-leadership “creates uncertainty ver wh is really in charge”. The battles between Sandy Weill and Jhn Reed when they were c-Chief Executive Officers f Citigrup in the late 1990s were infamus. Less than 5% f cmpanies in the Frtune 500 have used a c-CEO structure since 1989. In shrt, cllabratin may be a useful tl, but it desn't wrk in every situatin.
44. What des the underlined wrd “deviating” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. suffering. B. differing. C. varying. D. ranging.
45. In the new study cnducted by three American academics, _________.
A. cnstant cllabratrs had the prest average slutin
B. all subjects had the chances t visit a variety f cities
C. individualists fund the right result the mst ften
D. ccasinal cllabratin prmted perfrmance
46. Frm the last paragraph, we can learn that _________.
A. fashin huses were mre likely t be creative with a single authrity
B. Himalayan climbers wrk tgether t avid ptential deaths
C. Sandy Weill and Jhn Reed were nt s creative leaders
D. successful cmpanies have ne Chief Executive Officer
47. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. What Is Cllabratin?B. When Des Cllabratin Wrk?
C. Why is Cllabratin Highly Valued?
D. Hw D Peple Cllabrate with Others in a Team?
C
Up until a few decades ag, ur visins f the future were largely—thugh by n means unifrmly—glwingly psitive. Science and technlgy wuld cure all the ills f humanity, leading t lives f fulfillment and pprtunity fr all.
Nw utpia has grwn unfashinable, as we have gained a deeper appreciatin f the range f threats facing us, frm asterid strike t epidemic flu and t climate change. Yu might even be tempted t assume that humanity has little future t lk frward t.
But such glminess is misplaced. The fssil recrd shws that many species have endured fr millins f years—s why shuldn't we? Take a brader lk at ur species' place in the universe, and it becmes clear that we have an excellent chance f surviving fr tens, if nt hundreds, f thusands f years. Lk up hm sapiens (智人) in the “Red List” f threatened species f the Internatinal Unin fr the Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), and yu will read: “Listed as Least Cncern as the species is very widely distributed, currently increasing, and there are n majr threats resulting in an verall ppulatin decline.”
S what des ur deep future hld? A grwing number f researchers and institutins are nw thinking seriusly abut that questin. Fr example, the Lng Nw Fundatin has its flagship prject a mechanical clck that is designed t still be marking time thusands f years hence.
Perhaps willfully, it may be easier t think abut such lengthy timescales than abut the mre immediate future. The ptential evlutin f tday's technlgy, and its scial cnsequences, is dazzlingly cmplicated, and it's perhaps best left t science fictin writers and futurlgists t explre the many pssibilities we can cnceive (构想). That’s ne reasn why we have launched Arc, a new publicatin dedicated t the near future.
But take a lnger view and there is a surprising amunt that we can say with cnsiderable assurance. As s ften, the past hlds the key t the future: we have nw identified enugh f the lng-term patterns shaping the histry f the planet, and ur species, t make evidence-based frecasts abut the situatins in which ur descendants (后代) will find themselves.
This lng perspective makes the pessimistic view f ur prspects seem mre likely t be a passing fad (狂热). T be sure, the future is nt all rsy. But we are nw knwledgeable enugh t reduce many f the risks that threatened the existence f earlier humans, and t imprve the lt f thse t cme.
48. Our visin f the future used t be influenced by _________.
A. ur desire fr lives f fulfillmentB. ur faith in science and technlgy
C. ur awareness f ptential risksD. ur belief in equal pprtunity
49. The IUCN's “Red List” suggests that human beings are _________.
A. a sustained speciesB. a misplaced race
C. a threat t the envirnmentD. the wrld's dminant pwer
50. What can we learn frm Paragraph 5?
A. Arc helps limit the scpe f futurlgical studies.
B. Technlgy ffers slutins t scial prblem.
C. The interest in science fictin is n the rise.
D. Our immediate future is hard t imagine.
51. T ensure the future f mankind, it is crucial t _________.
A. explre ur planet's abundant resurcesB. adpt an ptimistic view f the wrld
C. draw n ur experience frm the pastD. cntrl ur ambitin t reshape histry
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu'll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,” while anther read: “ 52 ”With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. 53 Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. 54 If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 55
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. 56 Over time, bth f yu will benefit—yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better player in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
第四部分：基础落实（共两节，11分）
第一节 单词拼写（请用一、二单元学过的单词完成，共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
57. After g _____frm cllege, he decided t be a vlunteer teacher in his hmetwn.
58. The King's speech greatly i _____curage amng the citizens during Wrld War II.
59. At the Olympic Games, with sweat and tears, these a _____tried their best and prved t be natinal heres.
60. With the new e _____set up in the gym, the students started their training at nce.
61. T everybdy's r _____, the missing by was finally fund and returned hme safely.
第二节 完成句子（请用一、二单元学过的短语完成，共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
62.我有一份前十位要读的书单并且我努力保持它不断更新。
I have a tp 10 reading list and I try t __________________________________________.
63.我希望你已经适应了新学校。
I hpe yu ____________________________the new schl.
64.我希望我会在说英语上建立自信。
I hpe I will ____________________________speaking English.
65.比起慢跑我更喜欢打篮球。
I prefer t play basketball ____________________________g jgging.
66.很明显，所有他额外花在独自练习上的时间都得到了回报。
Clearly, all the extra hurs that he'd spent practicing alne ____________________________.
67.Paul为了入选队伍不得不参加了多次选拔。
Paul had t ________________________many times fr making the team.
第五部分：书面表达（共两节，27分）
第一节 阅读表达（共3小题，第63、64小题各2分，第65小题3分，共7分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
The Lie We Tell Ourselves Abut Ging t Bed Early
It is nthing new t mst peple that adequate sleep imprves well-being. One recent study f mre than 30, 000 U. K. residents fund that peple wh increased their quantity f sleep ver a fur-year perid gt abut the same happiness benefits as they wuld have frm eight weeks f therapy, r frm winning up t $280, 000 in a lttery. Well-rested peple are mre scial and have mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners. A lack f sleep, hwever, lwers happiness by reducing emtinal-memry recall and encuraging a scarcity mindset (稀缺心态).
If all f this seems bvius, why dn't we sleep mre? Physical cnditins, wrk, stress, and yung kids are all cmmn barriers t prper sleep. Hwever, anther barrier cmes purely frm what schlars call “revenge bed time prcrastinatin”, a habit in which sme peple put ff sleep as a frm f rebellin against their wn inner authrity. The writer Sylvia Plath described it nicely: “I wnder why I dn't g t bed and g t sleep. But then it wuld be tmrrw, s I decide that n matter hw tired I am, I can skip ne hur mre f sleep and live.” Weirdly, we deprive urselves f sleep t shw sme srt f independence frm—well, urselves.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin seems illgical, in that the perpetratr (行为人) and the recipient f the revenge are the same persn. But the explanatin is fairly straightfrward: It happens because, generally speaking, peple dislike being tld what t d in ther parts f their life, s they fight back by demnstrating their wn authrity and staying up.
Persnal cntrl ver ur envirnment— r even the feeling f cntrl—is deeply cnnected t ur emtinal balance. Given that sleep is smething we can directly cntrl, we may break cmmn-sense rules abut getting t bed, because we are uncnsciusly seeking a better emtinal state—until the mrning, when the alarm clck fills us with regret.
68. Accrding t the recent study, what are the benefits f adequate sleep?
69. What is “revenge bed time prcrastinatin”?
70. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because there are imprtant things left t d.
第二节 写作（共20分）
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jim来信询问你们班参加刚刚举办的学校运动会的情况。请你用英文写一封回信，内容包括：
1.参加情况（项目，成绩等）；
2.你的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京一零一中学2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试
英语试题（答案）
2022. 11. 2
第一部分 听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
第一、二节（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1-5 ABACA6-10 ACBBC11-15 BCABC
第三节（共5小题，共5分）
16. September17. ancient18. free19. Germany20. supprt
第二部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
21-25 BABAA 26-30 DCBDC
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
31. wh32. were putting33. satisfied34. what35. t hear
36. is celebrated37. rganiz/satin38. n39. has taken40. prblems
第三部分 阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）
第一节 A篇41-43 CBAB篇44-47 BDABC篇48-51 BADC
第二节 52-56 CDBGF
第四部分 基础落实（共两节，11分）
第四部分 基础落实（共两节，11分）
第一节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
57. graduating 58. inspired 59. athletes 60. equipment 61. relief
第二节完成句子（共6小题；每小题1分，共6分）
62. keep it updated
63. have adapted t
64. develp/build cnfidence in
65. rather than
66, paid ff
67. try ut
第五部分 书面表达（共两节，共27分）
第一节 阅读表达（共3小题，第68、69小题各2分，第70小题3分，共7分）
68. Well-rested peple are mre scial and have mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners. 或者 Being mre scial and having mre psitive emtinal experiences with c-wrkers and rmantic partners.
69. Revenge bed time prcrastinatin is a habit in which sme peple put ff sleep as a frm f rebellin against their wn inner authrity.
70. Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because there are imprtant things left t d.
Revenge bed time prcrastinatin ccurs because peple dislike being tld what t d in ther parts f their life.
第二节 写作（共20分）
Pssible versin
Dear Jim,
Hw are yu recently? In yur last letter, yu asked abut the schl sprts-meet held last week, I'm writing t share with yu sme detailed infrmatin.
Our class tk an active part in all the events in the track and field, like 100-meter race, lng distance running, lng jump and high jump. Althugh we were nt talented in sprts, all the athletes tried hard and the ther students cheered fr them thrughut the cmpetitin. What impressed us mst was the 400-meter relay race, in which the fur runners cperated perfectly and wn the first place. Seeing tears and sweat mixing n their faces, I was deeply mved. The sprts meet prvides us with the chance t strengthen ur bdies and bst ur sense f unity as well.
What abut yur sprts meet? I'm lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li HuaFrm: jvangagic56@memail.cm
T: kmallry@LN.rg
Subject: Hi!
Dear Mr. Mallry,
I am writing t tell yu my deep disappintment fr my experience at Lingua Nva English summer schl in the first tw weeks f July. I had been thrughly lking frward t learning English and learning abut culture in the UK, but I am afraid that my time at yur summer schl failed t live up t my expectatins.
Yur brchure states that the student accmmdatin is situated “in the heart f Edinburgh”. This is misleading as my accmmdatin was, in fact, situated a gd fifty minutes bus ride frm the city center in what I can nly describe as a less than picturesque part f the suburbs.
In additin, the activity prgramme did nt reflect the fact that we were lcated in ne f Eurpe's mst interesting and histrical cities: ne evening activity cnsisted f a walk t a nearby park, anther was a trip t a narrw street which was nt usually used by cars. Finally, n ur ne trip int the city center ur “guide” readily admitted that she was nt frm Edinburgh, and had in fact never visited the city befre. I had been eagerly expecting a guided tur f Sctland's treasures. In fact, I was left in the city center with n map and tld t “check things ut” while yur emplyee went shpping in Prince Street.
This was a lng awaited trip and cst me ver tw years' hard wrk and saving. Althugh I d have psitive memries f my trip (my English teachers were knwledgeable and enthusiastic), the accmmdatin and activity prgramme were whlly unsatisfactry.
I wuld like t get my mney back fr the accmmdatin and wuld really appreciate a reply within the next tw weeks.
Yurs sincerely,
Jvan Gagic
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