2022-2023学年福建省厦门第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题word版含答案

  厦门一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高二年级质量检测

英 语 试 题

本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Grand Canyon National Park

Located entirely in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers to visitors on the rim. Grand Canyon National Park is a World Heritage Site.

Park Openings and Closings

The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Park entrances remain open 24 hours a day during this time. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year.

Park Information

The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services, facilities, and park ranger programs. It is available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Korean, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is available for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or at go.nps.gov/136ojl.

Accessibility

Many of the facilities at Grand Canyon are historic and built before current accessibility standards were set. The terrain is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual impairments may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2.

Park Entrance Fees

Fees collected support projects in the park. Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park via Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, private rafting trip, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days. For complete fee information, including Annual, Active Military, Senior, and Access passes, visit go.nps.gov/y5uu6f.

Sustainability

Grand Canyon National Park incorporates sustainability into all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at major trailheads, visitor centers and grocery stores. Please recycle – recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond at go.nps.gov/1b2rzt.

21. People with physical disabilities can find detailed information on park facilities designed for them by visiting     .

A. go.nps.gov/y5uu6f          B. go.nps.gov/1rtxl2

C. go.nps.gov/136ojl          D. go.nps.gov/1b2rzt

22. What is the admission fee if you and your parents plan to go on a ten-day vacation to Grand Canyon National Park by driving a car?

A. $35.       B. $60.       C. $70.       D. $120.

23. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the national park.

B. Hikers who can only speak Chinese cannot explore the North Rim without an interpreter.

C. The Grand Canyon features is one of the world's most visually breathtaking landscapes.

D. Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the National Park to maintain sustainability.

B

Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).

Walking in the same woods yesterday, I let myself wander at random, communing with nature.

I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses. Occasionally I’d pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting. I recorded an inner monologue with a background of all sounds of the forest. At times, I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat, mileage and calorie burn. Eventually I realized I was quite lost. Not a problem of course. Online maps came to my rescue.

But something bothered me. In what I’d intended as a nature experience, here I was using very high technology to help myself out. This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk,” which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way. I’d been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.

What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that? My first thought was that he’d be shocked. But later I did some research. Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal:

Lying on the ground with my glass, I could watch him very easily ... till I almost lost him in the clouds ... I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.

Famously, Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick, which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels. His hat was also a tool, which he called his “botany-box.” And he was prepared even with needles and thread, so when coming out of the woods, he was “the best dressed.” Clearly, Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.

Thinking more deeply, I realized we’ve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on nature’s gift. Cyborgs are us.

24. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To recommend Thoreau’s book Walden Pond.

B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.

C. To share the reflections on man’s reliance on nature.

D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.

25. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author’s eye?

A．          B．

C．          D．

26. Why does the author quote Thoreau’s journal?

A. To introduce a literary work on nature.

B. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.

C. To prove that even naturalists use technology.

D. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.

27. What is the author’s attitude towards being a cyborg?

A. Favorable.    B. Intolerant.    C. Doubtful.    D. Unclear.

C

Some penguins (企鹅) adapt their calls to become more similar to their partners over time, an ability that was previously known in only a few species, including humans.

Luigi Baciadonna at the University of Turin, Italy, and his coworkers recorded African penguins from three different colonies (群体) over three years, and also observed the behavioral patterns of one of the colonies to see which penguins were partners or friendly.

They then analyzed specific vocal (声音的) calls, which the penguins made when they were alone or trying to keep track of their friends. They compared four distinct vocal signatures such as the frequency of the calls. The signatures became more similar over time for penguins that were partners or in the same colony, and for penguins that heard more of each other’s calls.

This adaptation could make it easier for penguins to find their partners and friends in a colony. “Imagine that you are in a pub, you are with your friends and your environment is quite noisy,” says Baciadonna. “What you do is try to talk in a certain way so that your communication is more effective.”

The ability to adapt calls in response to the environment, known as vocal accommodation, is a key part of vocal learning, a more complex set of skills such as producing new sounds through learning. Identifying which species display vocal accommodation could provide clues for how vocal learning developed. Baciadonna and his team also propose that this accommodation could help with group harmony and social bonds between individual penguins.

The distance of penguins from humans on the evolutionary tree suggests that vocal accommodation could be common to many species, but a lot more data needs gathering first. “There could be a huge variety of different species that are able to adapt their calls slightly, but we don’t know that yet,” says Sara Torres Ortiz at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Munich, Germany.

28. What does the underlined word“signatures”mean in paragraph 3?

A. Effects.    B. Characteristics.    C. Sources.    D. Adjustments.

29. What is the intention of the quotes from Baciadonna in paragraph 4?

A. To explain the reason why penguins adapt their calls.

B. To highlight the role communication plays in social life.

C. To prove humans’ ability to recognize each other’s voices.

D. To stress the difference between human and animal sounds.

30. What remains to be explored according to Sara Torres Ortiz?

A. Whether penguins can promote group harmony.

B. Whether all species can adapt to the environment.

C. Whether more species display vocal accommodation.

D. Whether penguins and humans are similar in vocal learning.

31. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Vocal learning involves a complex set of skills.

B. Vocal accommodation helps build up social bonds.

C. Penguins produce similar sounds even in different colonies.

D. Penguins adapt their accents to sound more like their friends.

D

Being highly connected to a strong social network has its benefits. Now a new study is showing the same goes for trees, thanks to their underground neighbors. The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal (真菌) networks living in the forest soil. Though past research has focused on young trees, these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees—which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.

“Large trees make up the main part of the forest, so they drive what the forest is doing,” said researcher Joseph Birch, who led the study. When they live in the forest soil, fungal networks act as a sort of highway, allowing water, nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees. The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.

Cores taken from 350 Douglas firs (花旗松) showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees. They had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections. The research also showed that trees with more connections to many unique fungi had much greater growth than those with only one or two connections. “If you have this network that is helping trees grow faster, that helps capture more carbon year after year. These networks may help trees grow more steadily even as conditions become more stressful, and could even help protect them against death.” said Birch.

Birch hopes his findings lead to further studies in different kinds of forests in other geographical areas, because it’s likely that the connections among trees change from year to year. He said, “Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them, and inform how we plant trees to preserve these networks.”

32. In what way do the new findings differ from the previous ones?

A. They reveal the value of fungal networks to adult trees.

B. They clarify misunderstandings of fungal networks.

C. They demonstrate a new way to capture carbon.

D. They confirm the benefits of fungal networks.

33. How do fungal networks help trees?

A. By acting as the center of family units.   B. By maintaining the balance of resources.

C. By fighting against diseases.       D. By bettering forest soil conditions.

34. What does the underlined “those” refer to in Paragraph 3?

A. Tree rings.  B. Cores from Douglas firs. C. Douglas firs.  D. Fungal networks.

35. What can be inferred from what Joseph Birch has put?

A. The fungal networks support one another in times of stress.

B. The fungal networks enable us to know more about reforestation.

C. The findings can apply to different kinds of forests in other geographical areas.

D. The fungal networks will help trees grow more steadily if conditions become more stressful.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Managing Kids' Screen Time a Good Idea?

Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today's households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students.    36   . They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids' devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families.    37   . But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managing screen time calls for joint family decision-making.

If parents believe they can manage a child's screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids' screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school.    38   . When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve.

    39   . From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident.

To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time.    40   . Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process.

A. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access.

B. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time.

C. However, every family needs a family media plan between family members.

D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time.

E. To manage children's screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers.

F. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids’ self-awareness.

G. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way.

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My mother looks just like many grandmothers — short and white-haired. She comes from an old, traditional family in Canada, where she now still lives. She was a civil servant. In short, she didn’t do   41   things.

That all changed a few years ago. She began to   42   me with what she described as “independence”. At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing.

In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed me she’d   43   a seven-night trip to Turkey, and that she was going alone. There was no way I could   44   that. A little old lady not speaking a word of Turkish, with no   45   of the laws and customs of the land — it was impossible!

My mother paid no attention to me. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it   46  , she had barely spent any time alone, after   47   a taxi driver to show her around. He introduced her to a rug vendor (地毯商) — Mustafa, “a lovely fellow”, and she bought some rugs. The vendor had taken her address details and promised to   48   them to Canada.

I couldn’t believe her naivety (幼稚) and explained that she had been   49  . The vendor had her money. She neither had nor would be receiving any rugs.

Well, I was   50  .

To my great shock, her rugs did arrive some weeks later, along with a lovely note from Mustafa. To my even greater surprise, the following year Mustafa himself arrived in Canada.

“I invited him for a cup of tea and he came,” my mother told me. I was   51   because she hardly knew this man! But again, she paid little attention to me, telling me to stop being silly.

I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?”   52   I worried about her, Mum was thinking straighter than most of us.

Her   53   seemed to be based on a realization that life needs to be lived, when there’s relatively little of it left. It   54   me of the line “Get busy living or get busy dying.”

I don’t think Mum knows what her next big “thing” is going to be. But I am sure, she is open to any   55  , which is something we all probably need right now. Live life to the fullest.

41.  A. complex      B. crazy       C. boring      D. rude

42.  A. surprise      B. amuse       C. comfort     D. attract

43.  A. missed      B. taken       C. offered     D. booked

44.  A. allow       B. demand      C. remember    D. cancel

45.  A. intention      B. knowledge     C. view      D. fear

46.  A. turned out     B. came true     C. made sense    D. went ahead

47.  A. training      B. leading      C. hiring      D. refusing

48.  A. invite       B. sell        C. switch      D. ship

49.  A. dominated     B. ignored      C. cheated     D. abandoned

50.  A. right       B. lucky       C. serious     D. wrong

51.  A. frightened     B. depressed     C. disappointed   D. ashamed

52.  A. If        B. Since       C. While      D. Once

53.  A. promotion     B. interaction     C. independence   D. preference

54.  A. cured       B. warned      C. informed     D. reminded

55.  A. pleasure      B. adventure     C. freedom     D. beauty

第二节（共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）   

阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. He succeeded in                 56   (produce) a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. His latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality,and                 57   (potential) opened up nearly one million square kilometres of                58   (salt) land in China for rice production.                 59   his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision.

B

The birth of the world’s first cloned arctic wolf on June 10 is a milestone for the  60 (apply) of cloning technology and is of great significance to biodiversity, the protection of wildlife and the restoration of endangered species.

lt is understood   61   the arctic wolves’ancestral origin   62   (survive) the Ice Age over300,000 years ago. They have the ability   63   (stand) extremely cold temperatures and inhabit many snowy regions around the globe.

   64  , due to constant threats from poachers (偷猎者) and erosion of their habitat,now arctic wolves   65   (include) in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List of Endangered Species.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（满分15分）

科技的日新月异让人们对未来的生活更加充满期待。厦门市湖滨中学正在开展“Life in the Future”主题征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，描述未来生活，可以涉及环境、交通、健康等方面。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Overturned Bins

I weaved my cart around table after table of hungry customers.“Char siu bao (叉烧包),”I called out.“Barbecue pork buns!”

It was Saturday morning—the height of the yum cha (brunch) rush-and everyone in the neighborhood knew that Grandma Wu's restaurant was the place to go for the warmest tea and the freshest dim sum.

Grandma’s array (大量) of shareable Chinese dishes was irresistible,and a line of customers always formed out the door.Knowing I wanted to be part of the excitement, my parents agreed to let me help at the restaurant on weekends.

The yummy sweet scent of the barbecue pork-filled bao followed me around the room, and it wasn’t long before I was handing out the last bamboo steamer basket and marking down the order on a customer's stamp card.With my cart now empty, I was free to enjoy some of Grandma’s cooking myself.

l took my break at the tiny table in the alley behind the restaurant. I poured myself some tea and peeled the little square of paper off the bottom of my bao. But just as I was about to take my first bite, 1noticed something odd.Our garbage bins had been knocked over!

How could those have fallen? I wondered.Trash and half-eaten dim sum littered the ground.After devouring (狼吞虎咽) my treats, I found my dad inside. We put on some plastic gloves and quickly picked up the mess. When we were finished,we washed our hands, and I headed back into the restaurant to help with the rest of the rush.

l forgot all about the mystery of the knocked-over bins until the last customer had left. I was about to follow Dad to take the trash out to the alley. “KABOOM!”Upon hearing the loud noise, we rushed out and found that the garbage bins had tipped over again!

Could it have been the wind? As we cleaned up for a second time, I looked at the darkening sky. A storm was heading our way, but the tree branches were barely moving. So what had caused the bins to fall over?

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右：

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

厦门一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高二年级期中考

英语试题参考答案

1-5 ABACA    6-10ACABA    11-15 CBCAB    16-20 CCBBA

21-23 BCC    24-27 BCAA    28-31 BACD    32-35 DDCB

36-40 EABFG    41-45 BADAB   46-50 ACDCD   51-55 ACCDB

56. producing  57.potentially  58.salty  59. Despite  60. application  61. that

62.survived  63. to stand  64.However 65.are included

应用文

One possible version：

Life in the Future

This world is full of the benefits of technology. As technology changes , our life will be influenced in almost every aspect.

First of all, our environment will be more pleasant, because electricity will be produced from clean energy instead of coal. Secondly, our cars, which can travel not only on the road but also in the water, will be controlled by a robot. In this way, traffic accidents will be avoided. Additionally, some new medicine will be developed so that people can live longer. Thus living to 120 years old may be no longer a dream.

In conclusion, I think life in the future will be much better than it is now.

读后续写

That's when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me. Emerging from the garbage bin was a little gray cat. I finally understood who was to blame for the mess. The cat pawed at a container, trying to get the half-eaten bao inside. Cats were not supposed to eat bao, but he was clearly too hungry to care. I took a cautious step toward him when there was suddenly another loud KABO0M. This time, it was the storm.The cat dived back into the garbage bin. (76)

With the rain picking up, the poor kitty was too scared to come out of his hiding spot. Luckily, I had an idea. I rushed inside and headed back outside with char siu bao. Sure enough, the cat was drawn by the scent and followed me inside, happy to be out of the rain. "These bao are for me," I said as the cat excitedly pawed at my leg,"and here is the cat food.Since you're a fan, maybe Grandma should include some cat-friendly dim-sum options.”The cat affectionately mewed at me, agreeing with the idea. (80)