浙江省绍兴市2021-2022学年高三英语上学期11月选考科目诊断性考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份浙江省绍兴市2021-2022学年高三英语上学期11月选考科目诊断性考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小翅和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Dctr and patient.
B. Mther and sn.
C. Teacher and student.
2. What was the weather like during Jane’s trip?
A. Rainy.
B. Windy.
C. Sunny.
3. What des the wman think f the pera?
A. Disappinting.
B. Interesting.
C. Frightening.
4. Where des the cnversatin pssibly take place?
A. In a restaurant.
B. In a stre.
C. In an ffice.
5. Why might the plants grw badly accrding t the wman?
A. They lack enugh sunlight.
B. They are watered t ften.
C. They are clse t the windw.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题.
6. What is the man ding?
A. Bking a rm.
B. Making a cmplaint.
C. Asking fr directins.
7. What can be inferred frm the cnversatin?
A. The rm they lived in ffers a gd view.
B. The htel staff are quite helpful t visitrs.
C. The htel prvides t sft beds fr guests.
听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What time is it nw?
A. 3:50.
B. 4:10.
C. 4:50.
9. What can we learn abut the man?
A. He is absent-minded and always frgets things.
B. He lst his bk n the way t the drmitry.
C. He is t busy t deal with things carefully.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In a schl library.
B. In a travel agency.
C. In a science museum.
11. What can peple enjy in the Reality Rm?
A. New Yrk's sights.
B. Juicy tmates.
C. Train exhibits.
12. What is the man's attitude twards new tmates?
A. Ambiguus.
B. Sceptical.
C. Apprving.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.
13. What can we knw abut Stry Time?
A. It is attractive t children.
B. It cvers varius kinds f tpics,
C. It takes places in the Meeting Rm.
14. When des Family Mvies take place nw?
A. On Thursday.
B. On Friday.
C. On Saturday.
15. What will the man prbably d n Friday night?
A. See a mvie.
B. Listen t a lecture.
C. Read stries t children.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Library activities.
B. Mvie nights.
C. Weekend events.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。
17 What can we learn abut the pening f the Clark Sprts Center?
A. The center will pen n May 5th.
B. A party is t be held n the pening day.
C. It will be delayed due t the manager's absence.
18. What is the cst f a week's membership?
A. $40.
B. $14.
C. $10.
19. What is Snia Smith?
A. A manager.
B. A dance teacher.
C. A Tai Chi teacher.
20. What des the speaker suggest the listeners d at last?
A. Wear suitable clthes.
B. Sign up fr the Yga classes.
C. Check the class infrmatin nline.
第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 35 分）
第一节（共 10 小题; 每小题 分, 满分 25 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Wanda Smith always wanted t be a schl teacher but smetimes meeting life's demanding realities culd mean a dream delayed. A mther f three, Smith als cared fr her mm. While squarely shuldering her family respnsibilities, she tk jbs as bus mnitr and custdian fr Brenham Independent Schl District in Texas. The hurs were tiring, but rather than let her dream die, at age 37, with the supprt and encuragement f her husband, she added night classes t her schedule. Nine years n, she finally graduated with a bachelr's degree frm Sam Hustn State University. She was a certified teacher at last.
Smith's stry came full circle when she was hired as a first-grade teacher back at Brenham Elementary Schl. "When I stand in frnt f my classrm - my classrm - I am living my dream," Smith said during a TODAY shw. During the pandemic, as sme f her students struggled t meet the demands f distance learning, Smith stepped up t the challenge. Nting that many f the kids she teaches came frm single-parent families, she began delivering packets f schlwrk t them at hme. It's n wnder Smith's kids adred her. In a special surprise ceremny, they shuted their praise and held up big clrful signs declaring their devtin.
The sentiment was eched by Brenham's mayr, Miltn Tate Jr., wh fficially declared May 4, 2021 as "Be the Best Yu Can Be" Wanda Smith Day. The phrase was als carved n a cmmemrative schlyard bench, and in additin, a schlarship fr up-and-cming teachers at Sam Hustn State has been established in her name.
Smith's life is an example as well as an inspiratin. By always striving t be the best she culd be, with hard wrk and perseverance, she graduated frm cleaning classrms t leading classrms.
1. What prevented Smith frm achieving her dream at a yunger age?
A. Her heavy family burden.B. Her strng lve fr mther.
C. The lack f family supprt.D. The demanding academic requirements.
2. What's the students' attitude twards Smith?
A. Cncerned.B. Respectful.C. Critical.D. Sympathetic.
3. Which f the fllwing facts shws Smith's influence beynd her schl?
A. A day was celebrated natinwide in her name.
B. Her name was carved n a schlyard bench.
C. Clrful signs were held by her students.
D. A schlarship was created in her hnr.
4. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T stress the imprtance f setting up a dream.
B. T advcate lifelng learning by intrducing Smith's stry,
C. T shw hw Smith achieved her best with heart and devtin.
D. T illustrate hw Smith's experience inspired the peple arund.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Wanda Smith曾经因为沉重的家庭负担推迟了自己当老师的梦想，后来凭借对梦想的坚持和追求，她终于成为一名合格的教师，获得了学生的尊重。史密斯的一生是一个榜样，也是一种激励。她一直努力做到最好，通过努力和坚持，她从打扫教室到了在教室中授课。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A mther f three, Smith als cared fr her mm. While squarely shuldering her family respnsibilities, she tk jbs as bus mnitr and custdian fr Brenham Independent Schl District in Texas. The hurs were tiring, but rather than let her dream die, at age 37, with the supprt and encuragement f her husband, she added night classes t her schedule.(作为三个孩子的母亲，史密斯还照顾她的母亲。在承担起家庭责任的同时，她还在得克萨斯州布伦汉姆独立学区担任了校车监控器和管理员的工作。工作时间很累，但她并没有让自己的梦想破灭。37岁时，在丈夫的支持和鼓励下，她把夜校加进了自己的日程表)”可知，沉重的家庭负担阻止史密斯在年轻时实现她的梦想。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“It's n wnder Smith's kids adred her. In a special surprise ceremny, they shuted their praise and held up big clrful signs declaring their devtin.(难怪史密斯的孩子们都很喜欢她。在一个特别的惊喜仪式上，他们大声赞扬，并举起巨大的彩色标语，宣布他们的忠诚)”可推知，学生们对史密斯的态度是尊重。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“in additin, a schlarship fr up-and-cming teachers at Sam Hustn State has been established in her name.(此外，萨姆·休斯顿州立大学还以她的名字设立了一项奖学金，以表彰那些崭露头角的教师)”可知，D选项“一项奖学金是为了纪念她而设立的”表明了史密斯在学校以外的影响。故选D。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Smith's life is an example as well as an inspiratin. By always striving t be the best she culd be, with hard wrk and perseverance, she graduated frm cleaning classrms t leading classrms. (史密斯的一生是一个榜样，也是一种激励。 她一直努力做到最好，通过努力和坚持，她从打扫教室到了在教室中授课)”结合文章主要讲述了Wanda Smith曾经因为沉重的家庭负担推迟了自己当老师的梦想，后来凭借对梦想的坚持和追求，她终于成为一名合格的教师，获得了学生的尊重。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是为了表明史密斯是如何尽心尽力做到最好的。故选C。
B
The Chinese philspher Cnfucius said lng ag that "Music prduces a kind f pleasure which human nature cannt d withut." Playing a musical instrument has many benefits and can bring jy t yu and everyne arund yu.
A gd musician knws that the quality f practice time is mre valuable than the quantity. In rder fr a musician t prgress quicker, he r she will learn hw t rganize his r her practice time and plan different challenges t wrk n, making efficient use f time. Thus, learning hw t play an instrument helps yu t learn hw t be rganized and t manage yur time wisely.
Team skills are a very imprtant aspect f being successful in life. Playing an instrument bsts yur teamwrk skills as it requires yu t wrk with thers t make music. In band and rchestra settings, yu must learn hw t cperate with the peple arund yu. Furthermre, in rder fr a grup t make beautiful music, each player and sectin must learn hw t listen t each ther and play tgether.
Playing an instrument cmes with its respnsibilities. Maintenance and care are very imprtant in keeping an instrument in gd wrking cnditin. Each instrument has different prcedures t keep it functining prperly. In additin t being respnsible fr maintaining ne's instrument, there are ther aspects such as remembering music events like rehearsals and perfrmances, and making time fr practice. Thus, learning an instrument increases yur sense f respnsibility.
Playing music by yurself requires yu t cncentrate n things like pitch, rhythm, temp and quality f sund. Playing in a grup invlves even mre cncentratin because yu must learn t nt nly hear yurself, but yu must listen t all the ther sectins and play in harmny with the rest f the grup. Therefre, learning a musical instrument sharpens yur cncentratin skills.
5. The authr qutes Cnfucius' wrds at the beginning t ________.
A. intrduce the tpic f playing music
B. aruse readers' interest in perfrming music
C. settle an argument ver the effects f playing music
D. clarify a cnfusin in peple's understanding f music
6. What can be learned abut playing a musical instrument?
A. The quantity f practice cunts mst in making prgress.
B. Taking care f an instrument requires cncentratin skills.
C. Teamwrk skills determine whether a grup can play in harmny.
D. Participatin in music events develps ne's memry and respnsibility.
7. Hw des the authr develp paragraph 5 ?
A. By giving examples.
B. By making a cntrast.
C. By ffering analyses.
D. By prviding figures.
【答案】5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是演奏乐器的好处。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一句提到“The Chinese philspher Cnfucius said lng ag that "Music prduces a kind f pleasure which human nature cannt d withut."（中国哲学家孔子早就说过：“音乐是一种人性所不能缺少的乐趣。”）”，接下来说到“Playing a musical instrument has many benefits and can bring jy t yu and everyne arund yu.（演奏乐器有很多好处，可以给你和你周围的每个人带来快乐。）”，因此作者在文章开头引用孔子的话来介绍演奏乐器有好处这一话题，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Playing an instrument bsts yur teamwrk skills as it requires yu t wrk with thers t make music. In band and rchestra settings, yu must learn hw t cperate with the peple arund yu. Furthermre, in rder fr a grup t make beautiful music, each player and sectin must learn hw t listen t each ther and play tgether.（演奏乐器可以提高你的团队合作能力，因为它需要你和其他人一起合作来创作音乐。在乐队和管弦乐队的背景下，你必须学会如何与你周围的人合作。此外，为了让一个小组演奏出优美的音乐，每个演奏者和小组都必须学会如何互相倾听并一起演奏。）”可知，团队合作能力决定了一个团队是否能够和谐地演奏。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。第五段先说“Playing music by yurself requires yu t cncentrate n things like pitch, rhythm, temp and quality f sund. Playing in a grup invlves even mre cncentratin because yu must learn t nt nly hear yurself, but yu must listen t all the ther sectins and play in harmny with the rest f the grup.（自己演奏音乐需要你专注于音高、节奏、节奏和音质。小组演奏需要更多的注意力，因为你不仅要学会听自己的声音，还必须听所有其他部分的声音，并与小组其他成员和谐地演奏。）”，最后得出结论“Therefre, learning a musical instrument sharpens yur cncentratin skills.（因此，学习一种乐器可以提高你的注意力。）”，因此最后一段是在分析学习乐器对注意力的要求后得出学习一种乐器可以提高你的注意力，因此第五段主要是通过提供分析来写的，故选C。
C
A demnstratin missin t test an idea t clean up space debris (碎片) was launched Mnday mrning lcal time frm the Baiknur Csmdrme in Kazakhstan. ELSA-d, which stands fr End-f-Life Services by Astrscale, will be carried ut by a "servicer satellite" and a "client satellite" (客户卫星) that launched tgether. The missin will exhibit technlgy that culd help capture space junk, the millins f pieces f rbital debris that flat abve Earth. The mre than 8,000 metric tns f debris threaten the lss f services we rely n fr earth-bund life, including weather frecasting, telecmmunicatins and GPS systems. The spacecraft wrks by attempting t attach itself t dead satellites and pushing them tward Earth t burn up in the atmsphere. The missin, which will be run frm the U.K., will carry ut this catch and release prcess repeatedly ver the curse f six mnths.
Space junk has been a grwing prblem fr years as human-made bjects such as ld satellites and spacecraft parts build up in lw Earth rbit until they decay, derbit, explde r crash with ther bjects, breaking int smaller pieces f waste. Accrding t a recent reprt by NASA, at least 26,000 f the millins f pieces f space junk are rbiting alng at 17,500mph, and they culd "destry a satellite n impact". Mre than 500,000 pieces are a "missin-ending threat" because f their ability t impact prtective systems, fuel tanks and spacecraft cabins.
The develpment f ther cleanup technlgies has been in prgress fr years. In 2016 , Japan's space agency sent a 700 -meter chain int space t try t slw dwn and redirect spacejunk. In 2018, a device called Remve Debris successfully cast a net arund a cpy satellite. The Eurpean Space Agency als plans t send a self-destructing rbt int rbit in 2025 , which the Organizatin's frmer directr general has referred t as a space "vacuum cleaner".
These effrts culd prve increasingly imprtant as private space ventures like SpaceX cntinue t fill lw Earth rbit with a huge number f satellites in a mess.
8. What is ELSA-d?
A. A spacecraft aimed t remve space junk.
B. A satellite sent up t save the GPS system.
C. A prgram designed t prve the satellite's ability.
D. A missin intended t send a client satellite int space.
9. It can be learned frm the passage that ________.
A. Remve Debris is regarded as a space "vacuum cleaner"
B. space junk is a ptential threat t the launch f spacecrafts
C. the U.K. is the first cuntry t develp cleanup technlgy
D. ELSA-d will make dead satellites burn up in the atmsphere
10. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Cleanup Technlgies Are Develping Rapidly
B. Cnstant Missins t Explre Space in the Future
C. New Effrt t Clean up Space Junk Reaches Orbit
D. The Appeal fr Slutin t the Space Junk Prblem
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者介绍哈萨克斯塔当地时间周一早上发射了一颗宇宙飞船，目的是为了检验清理太空中的碎片的想法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ELSA-d, which stands fr End-f-Life Services by Astrscale, will be carried ut by a "servicer satellite" and a "client satellite" (客户卫星) that launched tgether. The missin will exhibit technlgy that culd help capture space junk,（太空规模的生命服务将由服务卫星和客户卫星共同启动。该任务将展示能够帮助捕获太空垃圾的技术。”）”可知，ELSA-d是一颗可以帮助捕捉太空垃圾的宇宙飞船。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The spacecraft wrks by attempting t attach itself t dead satellites and pushing them tward Earth t burn up in the atmsphere.”可知，ELSA-d宇宙飞船会把它自己附到已经没有用的卫星上面并把它推向地球的过程中，在大气层中把它燃烧掉。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和最后一段的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是哈萨克斯塔当地时间周一早上发射了一颗宇宙飞船，目的是为了检验清理太空中的碎片的想法。而且世界各国在这方面的努力一直都在做着。C选项“New Effrt t Clean up Space Junk Reaches Orbit”清理太空垃圾的新的努力进入轨道符合文章大意。故选C项。
第二节 (共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu're a sprts enthusiast, yu knw the weight that hme field advantage has n the perfrmance f a team. ____11____ What gives any team an upper hand when they're playing at a hme venue?
Crwd Effect
Crwd effect is ne f the main causes behind hme field advantage in sprts. Imagine that yu're walking int a stadium surrunded by peple cheering fr yu. ____12____ Nw, imagine that yu are a member f the ppsitin. Yu have n supprt frm the crwd and are basically n yur wn. One might argue that prfessinal athletes are expert at staying fcused and nt letting such things affect them, but that isn't really the case.
Judge Bias
____13____All the cheering f the fans can pressure the referee int being mre tlerant twards the hme team. Meanwhile, the number f attacks n referees by angry fans cannt be verlked. In an attempt t avid making the crwd angry, referees tend t have a small bias in favr f the hme team, leading them t call fewer fuls n them, give them mre free kicks, etc.
Travel Effect and Familiarity
Traveling lng distances puts athletes under physical and psychlgical stress. This is especially true in the case f inter-cntinental matches, during which athletes must travel int different time znes, leaving them defenseless against jet-lag. On the ther hand, the hme team stays in its cmfrt zne, withut having t underg any disruptin in their regular schedules. ____14____
Is There a Hme Disadvantage?
The massive crwd supprt that the hme team enjys des cme with a side effect perfrmance pressure. The crwd greatly mtivate athletes t perfrm better and achieve greater success. ____15____ The athletes' fcus may get shifted frm success t a fear f failure, thereby making them vercautius.
A. The cheering will greatly bst their cnfidence.
B. They applaud and celebrate every sht yu take.
C. Hwever, it may smetimes have the ppsite effect.
D. Hme field advantage is caused by many factrs affecting athletes.
E. Therefre, the hme team gets an upper hand ver the visiting team.
F. It has been cnsistently fund that players win mre ften when playing at hme.
G. The massive crwd supprt that a hme team gets ften puts the judges in a tugh spt.
【答案】11. F 12. B 13. G 14. E 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么让一支球队在主场比赛时占上风。
【11题详解】
空格前说“If yu're a sprts enthusiast, yu knw the weight that hme field advantage has n the perfrmance f a team.（如果你是一个体育爱好者，你就会知道主场优势对球队表现的影响。）”，空格处应进一步说明主场优势对球队表现的具体影响，F选项It has been cnsistently fund that players win mre ften when playing at hme.（人们一直发现，球员在主场比赛时更容易获胜。）正好说明了主场优势对球队表现的具体影响，承接上文，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。
【12题详解】
空格前说“Imagine that yu're walking int a stadium surrunded by peple cheering fr yu.（想象你走进一个体育场，周围的人都在为你加油。）”，空格处应具体说人们如何为你加油，B选项They applaud and celebrate every sht yu take.（他们为你的每一次进球鼓掌庆祝。）说明了人们具体是如何为球员加油，承接上文，因此B选项符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
本段小标题是Judge Bias（裁判的偏见），空格后说“All the cheering f the fans can pressure the referee int being mre tlerant twards the hme team.（球迷们的欢呼声会迫使裁判对主队更加宽容一些。）”，说明了裁判会受到来自于主场球迷的压力，G选项The massive crwd supprt that a hme team gets ften puts the judges in a tugh spt.（主队得到的大量观众的支持往往会让裁判处于尴尬的境地。）说明了主队观众对裁判的影响，因此G选项符合语境，故选G。
【14题详解】
空格前说“On the ther hand, the hme team stays in its cmfrt zne, withut having t underg any disruptin in their regular schedules.（另一方面，主队保持在自己的舒适区，他们的常规日程不会受到任何干扰。）”，说明主队比起客队更有优势，E选项Therefre, the hme team gets an upper hand ver the visiting team.（因此，主队比客队占上风。）说明了主队的优势，承接上文，总结本段，符合语境，故选E。
【15题详解】
空格前说“The crwd greatly mtivate athletes t perfrm better and achieve greater success.（观众极大地激励运动员取得更好的成绩，取得更大的成功。）”，空格后说“The athletes' fcus may get shifted frm success t a fear f failure, thereby making them vercautius.（运动员的注意力可能会从成功转移到害怕失败，从而使他们过于谨慎。）”，前后是转折的关系，空格处起着承上启下的作用，因此是引起转折的，C选项Hwever, it may smetimes have the ppsite effect.（然而，有时可能会产生相反的效果。）中Hwever标转折，引起下文的相反内容，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
第三部分: 语言运用 （共两节, 满分 45 分）
第一节：完形填空（共 20 小题; 每小题 分, 满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 和 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A series f massive thunderstrms had damaged ur area recently. Heavy rains, high winds and lts f lightning had caused flash flding and ____16____ trees. I had spent the afternn picking up branches ut f my yard. Then, just befre I was getting ready t walk my dgs, the ____17____ came n my televisin and phne that anther strm was ____18____ ur way.
I tk my dgs utside____19____. Huge cluds were rlling in while thunder ____20____ ver the hills. The darkness seemed darker and scarier than usual ____21____ I knew what was n the way. That was when I saw it: the really ____22____ light, up high, at the far end f the meadw (草地) behind my huse. I smiled. The first f the fireflies (萤火虫) had appeared fr the summer at just the time I needed t____23____ its light. Sn a few thers were blinking their lights as well. It ____24____ me hw far their light traveled in the darkness f the night and hw they didn't seem____25____ at all by the appraching strm. I spent an extra few minutes ____26____ my fireflies and taking in their message f ____27____ befre heading in t get ready fr the strm. As I did, thugh, I nticed that the darkness n lnger seemed s ____28____ and that my fear had been replaced with ____29____.
Life des have its share f ____30____, sme caused by nature and sme caused by us. We can't g thrugh life being scared f them, ____31____ . We are here t share ur lve. We are here t ____32____ ur light. We can ride thrugh the strms, ____33____ after them and make this wrld a better place. Take a(n)____34____ frm the fireflies. Let yur light shine. It may seem tiny, but yu will be amazed at hw far it can be seen and hw ____35____ it can drive the dark away.
16. A. cut dwnB. kncked dwnC. given awayD. put away
17. A. chancesB. annuncementsC. warningsD. inspiratins
18. A. headingB. blckingC. pushingD. changing
19. A. cautiuslyB. abruptlyC. eventuallyD. quickly
20. A. disappearedB. bmedC. wanderedD. apprached
21. A. befreB. untilC. becauseD. unless
22. A. tinyB. brilliantC. gentleD. clear
23. A. absrbB. explreC. appreciateD. see
24. A. cnvincedB. amazedC. cnfusedD. discuraged
25. A. annyedB. pleasedC. btheredD. inspired
26. A. bservingB. seekingC. clarifyingD. cnfirming
27 A. darknessB. peaceC. lightD. challenge
28. A. seriusB. scaryC. hpelessD. mild
29. A. jyB. cnfidenceC. srrwD. curisity
30. A. failuresB. puzzlesC. pprtunitiesD. strms
31. A. hweverB. insteadC. meanwhileD. therefre
32. A. AdjustB. shineC. cnveyD. btain
33. A. reflect nB. appeal tC. clean upD. settle dwn
34 A. cmmitmentB. creditC. assumptinD. lessn
35. A. casuallyB. apprpriatelyC. easilyD. fiercely
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者在暴风雨中看到了萤火虫发出的光，虽然微小但是仍然能驱散黑暗，领悟到生活就应当如此，虽然有风雨，但仍然能闪耀自己的光芒，来驱散黑暗。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：暴雨、大风和闪电造成了山洪暴发，推倒了树木。A. cut dwn减少；B. kncked dwn撞倒；C. given away分发；D. put away放好。根据上文“Heavy rains, high winds and lts f lightning had caused flash flding and”以及后文宾语trees，可知暴雨、大风和闪电造成了山洪暴发，推倒了树木。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，就在我准备去遛狗的时候，电视和电话里传来了另一场风暴正向我们袭来的警告。A. chances机会；B. annuncements公告；C. warnings警告；D. inspiratins鼓舞。根据后文“came n my televisin and phne that anther strm was”可知电视和电话里传来了另一场风暴正向我们袭来的警告。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，就在我准备去遛狗的时候，电视和电话里传来了另一场风暴正向我们袭来的警告。A. heading前进；B. blcking阻塞；C. pushing推；D. changing改变。根据后文“ur way”可知短语head ne’s way可知另一场风暴正在来的路上。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很快地把我的狗带到外面。A. cautiusly谨慎地；B. abruptly突然地；C. eventually终于；D. quickly快速地。根据上文“I tk my dgs utside”以及上文描述的关于风暴的情况，可知作者迅速把狗带到了外面。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨大的乌云滚滚而来，雷声在山上隆隆作响。A. disappeared消失；B. bmed轰鸣；C. wandered漫游；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“ver the hills”此处指雷声在山上隆隆作响，应用bm。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：黑暗似乎比平时更黑暗，更可怕，因为我知道即将发生什么。A. befre在……之前；B. until直到；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据句意可知，本句为原因状语从句，引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我看到了它：在我房子后面草地的尽头，高高的地方，那非常小的光。A. tiny微小的；B. brilliant卓越的；C. gentle温和的；D. clear清楚的。根据后文“Sn a few thers were blinking their lights as well.”可知萤火虫发出微小的光。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我要看它的光的时候，夏天的第一只萤火虫出现了。A. absrb吸收；B. explre探索；C. appreciate感激；D. see看见。根据后文“its light”指看到萤火虫发出的光。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，他们的光在黑暗的夜里走了这么远，他们似乎一点也没有被即将来临的暴风雨所打扰。A. cnvinced说服；B. amazed使惊奇；C. cnfused使困惑；D. discuraged使沮丧。根据后文“me hw far their light traveled in the darkness f the night and hw they didn't seem”可知萤火虫的光在黑暗的夜里走了很远，让作者吃惊。故选B。
25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，他们的光在黑暗的夜里走了这么远，他们似乎一点也没有被即将来临的暴风雨所打扰。A. annyed恼怒的；B. pleased高兴的；C. bthered烦恼的；D. inspired受到鼓舞的。根据前文“hw far their light traveled in the darkness f the night”可知萤火虫的光没有被即将来临的暴风雨所打扰。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了额外的几分钟观察我的萤火虫，并接收它们发出的光的信息，然后出发准备迎接暴风雨。A. bserving观察；B. seeking寻找；C. clarifying澄清；D. cnfirming确定。根据后文“my fireflies”指花时间观察萤火虫。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了额外的几分钟观察我的萤火虫，并接收它们发出的光的信息，然后出发准备迎接暴风雨。A. darkness黑暗；B. peace和平；C. light光线；D. challenge挑战。呼应上文“their light traveled in the darkness”指作者接收萤火虫发出的光的信息。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我这样做时候，我注意到黑暗不再那么可怕，我的恐惧已经被快乐所取代。A. serius严肃的；B. scary可怕的；C. hpeless绝望的；D. mild不严重的。根据后文“and that my fear had been replaced with”可知作者的恐惧被快乐取代，黑暗不再那么可怕了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我注意到黑暗不再那么可怕，我的恐惧已经被快乐所取代。A. jy快乐；B. cnfidence自信；C. srrw悲伤；D. curisity好奇心。根据后文作者对于生命的感悟可知，作者的恐惧已经被快乐所取代。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中难免有风雨，有些是大自然造成的，有些是我们自己造成的。A. failures失败；B. puzzles谜题；C. pprtunities机会；D. strms风暴。呼应上文“befre heading in t get ready fr the strm”将生活中遇到的困难比喻成暴风雨。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们不能一辈子都害怕它们。A. hwever然而；B. instead相反；C. meanwhile同时；D. therefre因此。结合前后文语境，上文提到生活中难免有风雨，后文则说不能一辈子都害怕，前后文为转折关系，应用hwever。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在这里闪耀我们的光芒。A. adjust调整；B. shine闪耀；C. cnvey传达；D. btain获得。呼应后文“Let yur light shine.”指闪耀自己的光芒。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以乘风破浪，收拾残局，让这个世界变得更美好。A. reflect n反思；B. appeal t吸引；C. clean up清理；D. settle dwn定居。根据后文“after them and make this wrld a better place”指清理暴风雨过后的残局，让世界更美好。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：向萤火虫学习。A. cmmitment承诺；B. credit信用；C. assumptin假设；D. lessn课程。作者此处的感悟是从萤火虫发出的光得出的，所以是向萤火虫学习。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它可能看起来很小，但你会惊讶于它能被看到多远，它能轻而易举地驱走黑暗。A. casually随意地；B. apprpriately适当地；C. easily容易地；D. fiercely猛烈地。根据上文“It may seem tiny, but yu will be amazed at hw far it can be seen”可知光芒虽小，但能轻而易举地驱走黑暗。故选C。
第三部分: 语言运用 （共两节, 满分 45 分）
第二节 (10 个小题; 每小题 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 25 -year-ld American with a university degree can expect t live a decade lnger than a cntemprary wh drpped ut f high schl. ____36____ researchers have lng knwn that the rich live lnger than the pr, yet this educatin gap is less well dcumented. And while the average American's ____37____ (expect) life span (寿命) has been flat in recent years, that f the ne-third with a bachelr's degree ____38____(cntinue) t lengthen.
What is the link between schling and lngevity? Sme argue that better-educated peple develp ____39____ (healthy) lifestyles: each additinal year f study reduces the chances f being a smker and f being verweight. The better educated earn mre, which in turn ____40____ (assciate) with greater health. Ms. Case and Mr. Deatn f Princetn University argue that changes in labur markets, including ____41____ rise f autmatin and increased demand fr ____42____ (high) educated wrkers, cupled with the rising csts f emplyer-prvided health care, have depressed the supply f well paid jbs ____43____ thse withut a degree. This may be cntributing t higher rates f alchl and drug use and ther ____44____ (death) f despair. In rder fr America's verall life span _____45_____ (start) climbing again, imprvements will be needed acrss all scial grups, nt just amng the privileged few.
【答案】36. Althugh##Thugh##While
37. expected
38. has cntinued
39. healthier
40. is assciated
41. the 42. highly
43. fr 44. deaths
45. t start
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了尽管近年来美国人的平均预期寿命一直没有增长，但三分之一拥有学士学位的人的预期寿命却在继续延长。解释了受教育和寿命之间存在的联系。
【36题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管研究人员早就知道富人比穷人寿命长，但这种教育差距的文献却很少。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用althugh,thugh或while，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Althugh/Thugh/While。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管近年来美国人的平均预期寿命一直没有增长，但三分之一拥有学士学位的人的预期寿命却在继续延长。结合句意表示“预期的”为形容词expected，作定语修饰名词词组 life span，故填expected。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管近年来美国人的平均预期寿命一直没有增长，但三分之一拥有学士学位的人的预期寿命却在继续延长。根据上文in recent years可知用现在完成时，主语that 不可数，助动词用has。故填has cntinued。
【39题详解】
考查比较级。句意：一些人认为，受过良好教育的人会养成更健康的生活方式：每多学习一年，吸烟和超重的几率就会降低。结合句意表示“更健康的”应用形容词比较级healthier。故填healthier。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：受教育程度越高，收入越高，这反过来又与更健康有关。结合句意表示“与……有关”可知短语为be assciated with，which指代上文整个句子，看作单数，故谓语用单数。故填is assciated。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：普林斯顿大学的凯斯和迪顿认为，劳动力市场的变化，包括自动化的兴起、对高学历工人的需求增加，以及雇主提供的医疗成本上升，抑制了为无学位人士提供的高薪工作的供应。结合句意表示“……的兴起”可知短语为the rise f。故填the。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：普林斯顿大学的凯斯和迪顿认为，劳动力市场的变化，包括自动化的兴起、对高学历工人的需求增加，以及雇主提供的医疗成本上升，抑制了为无学位人士提供的高薪工作的供应。修饰形容词educated应用副词highly，作状语。故填highly。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：普林斯顿大学的凯斯和迪顿认为，劳动力市场的变化，包括自动化的兴起、对高学历工人的需求增加，以及雇主提供的医疗成本上升，抑制了为无学位人士提供的高薪工作的供应。后跟代词thse作宾语，表示“为了”应用介词fr。故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这可能是酗酒和吸毒以及其他因绝望而死亡的原因。death此处为可数名词，由ther修饰应用复数形式。故填deaths。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让美国人的总体寿命再次开始攀升，所有社会群体都需要改善，而不仅仅是少数特权阶层。分析句子结构可知start在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t start。
第四部分: 写作（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节: 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华, 你校将举办以“人工智能与生活”为主题的科技创新大赛(the Science and Technlgy Innvatin Cntest)。请你用英语为本次活动写一则宣传稿, 内容包括:
1. 比赛目的;
2. 主题与内容;
3. 参赛方式。
注意:
1. 词数 80 词左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Pssible Versin:
A Special Cntest Yu Wn't Want t Miss
T inspire us with scientific creativity in this ever-changing "smarter" wrld, we have a Science and Technlgy Innvatin Cntest n the way.
The cming cntest, with the theme f"Artificial Intelligence and Our Life", will serve as a platfrm t shw ur talents fr technlgical innvatin. Wrks ranging frm scientific designs t inventins facilitating ur daily life with AI are welcme.
If interested, please submit yur wrk t the Students’ Unin Office befre December 1st. I believe every participant will achieve smething amazing.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇宣传稿，宣传一下学校将举办的以“人工智能与生活”为主题的科技创新大赛。 内容包括:1. 比赛目的;2. 主题与内容;3. 参赛方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
创新的：creative→innvative
创新：creativity →innvatin
比赛：cmpetitin→cntest
参加者：attendee→ participant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The cming cntest, with the theme f"Artificial Intelligence and Our Life", will serve as a platfrm t shw ur talents fr technlgical innvatin.
拓展句：The cming cntest, the theme f which is "Artificial Intelligence and Our Life", will serve as a platfrm t shw ur talents fr technlgical innvatin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Wrks ranging frm scientific designs t inventins facilitating ur daily life with AI are welcme.（使用了高级词汇range frm…t…及其现在分词短语形式作后置定语）
【高分句型2】If interested, please submit yur wrk t the Students’ Unin Office befre December 1st.（使用了if引导的条件状语从句的省略句式。）
第二节: 读后续写（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
As a cuntry music sng ges, "She's a wild ne with an angel's face." That is my yunger sister, lulu. When I think f er, I think f trying t tame a wild hrse.
It is hard t find wrds t describe my relatinship with Lulu. "All-ut nuclear warfare" culd nt interpret it quite exactly. The irny is that we are very much alike: we share the ht-tempered and fast-frgiving persnality.
Speaking f persnalities, the Chinese Zdiac (属相) describes Lulu and me perfectly. Peple brn in the Pig Year are "stubbrn" and "tugh" and ften "fly int anger," althugh they "never harbur a grudge (记仇)" as they are hnest and warm-hearted. That is Lulu and I exactly, with an age gap f twelve years.
I had my first face-ff with Lulu when she was abut five. It was a freezing winter afternn in New Haven, Cnnecticut. Mum and Dad were at wrk. Babysitting Lulu at hme, I decided that it wuld be the perfect time t intrduce Lulu t the pian as I was in the learning prcess myself. Excited abut wrking tgether - with her brwn curls, rund eyes, and China dll face, Lulu was desperately cute - I put her n the pian bench, n tp f sme cmfrtable pillws. I then demnstrated hw t play a single nte with a single finger, and asked her t d the same. A small request, but Lulu refused, preferring instead t smash at many ntes at the same time with tw pen palms. When I asked her t stp, she smashed harder and faster. When I tried t pull her away frm the pian, she began yelling, crying, and kicking angrily.
Fifteen minutes later, she was still yelling, crying, and kicking, and I had had it! Aviding her blws, I dragged the screaming demn (恶魔) t ur back dr, and threw it pen. The wind chill was six degrees belw zer, and my wn face hurt frm just a few secnds' expsure t the icy air.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右;
2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好;
4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
But I was determined t teach the little wild ne a lessn.
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Paragraph 2:
Lulu's teeth were clicking repeatedly tgether because f cld, but she shk her head again.
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【答案】One Pssible Versin:
But I was determined t teach the little wild ne a lessn."Yu can't stay in the huse if yu dn't listen t me." I said sternly. Instead f being bedient, Lulu stepped utside, facing me in a challenging way. A dull dread began seeping thrugh my bdy - the little ne was wearing nly her sweater and tights."Okay, yu've decided t behave," I said quickly."Cme in nw." Hwever,Lulu shk her head with a stubbrn lk in her eyes.”Dn't be silly, Lulu." I was panicking."It's freezing. Yu're ging t get sick. Cme in nw."
Lulu's teeth were clicking repeatedly tgether because f cld, but she shk her head again. It suddenly dawned n me that I had underestimated Lulu. She wuld rather freeze t death than give in. My mind racing. I changed tactics immediately, begging and bribing Lulu t cme back int the huse. When Mum and Dad arrived hme, they fund Lulu cntentedly saking in a ht bath, dipping a biscuit in a steaming cup f ht chclate, desperately cute. Anyway, I lve Lulu, a similar wild ne with an angel's face.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者回忆了在作者妹妹5岁的时候，作者教妹妹弹钢琴，但是她们发生了争吵。十五分钟过去了，妹妹还在大喊大叫，又哭又踢，作者受够了，要将妹妹推出屋外，当时外面的温度是零下六度。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但我决心给这只小野猫一个教训”可知，第一段可描写作者的妹妹不屈服于作者，固执地去了外面以及作者的恐慌。
②由第二段首句内容“露露的牙齿冷得咔哒咔哒响个不停，但她又摇了摇头。”可知，第二段可描写作者用计策将妹妹弄回来了屋里以及作者对妹妹的情感。
2.续写线索：妹妹固执地走到屋外——作者恐慌——想尽策略让妹妹回到屋里——成功回到屋里——作者对妹妹的情感
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.决定做某事：decide t d sth/determine t d sth
2.回家：g back hme/return hme
3.突然想起：It suddenly dawned n me that /It suddenly ccurred t me that
情绪类
1.可爱的：cute/lvely
2.愚蠢的：silly/stupid
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Yu can't stay in the huse if yu dn't listen t me. （if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I changed tactics immediately, begging and bribing Lulu t cme back int the huse.（现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1-5 BCABA 6—7 BA 8—9CA 10-12 CAB 13-16 ACBA 17-20 BCBC