北师大版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT6SectionⅢREADING&WRITING课件+学案+作业含答案

课时分层作业(九)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement.For example，some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage.Some of the products work.Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.

Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading.A few years ago，a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice.It turned out that the bread was not dietetic，but just regular bread.There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin，but there was the same number of calories in every loaf.

On the positive side，emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns.Consider fire insurance.Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss.But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance.The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people.If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads，they will benefit from the advertising.

Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation.Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers.But it does not force them to buy the product.Consumers still control the final buying decision.

【语篇解读】　文章讲述了广告的吸引力有积极影响也有消极影响，但买不买商品最终决定权在消费者手中。

1．Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by         ．

A．stressing their high quality

B．convincing him of their low price

C．maintaining a balance between quality and price

D．appealing to his buying motives

D　[推理判断题。从第一段看出，广告能说服人购买没有价值的产品就是因为它能投其所好，抓住消费者的购买心理。故选D。]

2．The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that         ．

A．thin slices of bread could contain more calories

B．the loaf was cut into regular slices

C．the bread was not genuine bread

D．the loaf contained fewer calories sliced thin

D　[细节理解题。文章第二段举了一个消费者被误导的例子。由本段最后一句可知，面包广告的误导性在于一块面包被切成薄片时所含的热量减少。]

3．It can be inferred from the text that a smart consumer should         ．

A．think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements

B．guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements

C．be familiar with various advertising strategies

D．avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal

A　[推理判断题。广告的目的是吸引消费者，但不能强迫消费者购买，最终的选择权还是在消费者手里。故选A。]

4．The text is mainly about         ．

A．how to make a wise buying decision

B．ways to protect the interests of the consumer

C．the positive and negative aspects of advertising

D．the function of advertisements in promoting sales

C　[主旨大意题。文章的主旨就在开头处“The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.”故选C。]

B

For as long as we've known about it，humans have searched for a cure for cancer.Across the world，countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop this terrible disease.But now，it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.

Recently，the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US，a government agency that's responsible for healthcare，approved a new form of gene therapy(疗法) that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.

The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune(有免疫力的) cells of sick patients to fight leukemia(白血病) — a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.

The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient，known as T­cells，which are then changed to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells.

The cells are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the patient's leukemia over time similar to how the body fights off other illnesses.

“This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients，” Louis J．DeGennaro，president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society，said in a news release.

Up until now，a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植) was the only option for many leukemia patients.

In this procedure，healthy blood cells are taken from a donator and placed into the sick patient，who also has to go through chemotherapy (化疗) to allow their body to adjust to the new cells.

But with a recovery rate of around 83% — according to a news release published by the FDA — it's hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital，or even death，are over for leukemia sufferers.

“We're entering a new frontier in medical innovation(创新) with the ability to reprogram a patient's own cells to attack a deadly cancer，” FDA representative Scott Gottlieb said in the release.“New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.”

【语篇解读】　文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法—通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。实验已经证明这一疗法相当有效，并且前景光明。

5．What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

A．To compare different ways of curing leukemia.

B．To report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment.

C．To explore the potential of gene and cell therapies.

D．To show scientists' efforts in search of a cure for cancer.

B　[推理判断题。通览全文可知，文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法——通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是要报导一项癌症治疗领域的新突破。故选B。]

6．How does the new treatment to fight leukemia work?

A．By using changed T­cells to destroy cancer cells.

B．By replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones.

C．By removing sick blood cells during marrow transplant.

D．By using chemotherapy to improve the patient's immune system.

A　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The therapy allows scientists to ‘train’ the immune cells of sick patients to fight leukemia—a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.”可知，新的基因疗法是通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。故选A。]

7．What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers?

A．It can save them many more trips to the hospital.

B．It can improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer.

C．It can give them a better chance of survival and recovery.

D．It can reduce their pain in the process of marrow transplant.

C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“it's hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital，or even death，are over for leukemia sufferers”可知，由于这项新疗法，白血病患者有望战胜癌症，从病痛折磨中恢复，并活下来。故选C。]

8．What is Scott Gottlieb's attitude toward gene and cell therapies?

A．Doubtful.　　　　 B．Optimistic.

C．Worried.   D．Casual.

B　[观点态度题。根据文章最后一句“New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.”可知，Scott Gottlieb认为基因和细胞疗法有望让我们治疗甚至治愈一些难以治疗的疾病。因此Scott Gottlieb对于基因和细胞疗法持乐观态度。故选B。]

Ⅱ.概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Scientists in London say they have found the best diet for both humans and the planet.If the world followed the so­called “planetary health” diet，the scientists told Reuters that each year more than 11 million early deaths could be prevented.Scientists say that the way we produce and eat food is very bad for the planet.For the health of the planet，they claim the same diet would reduce greenhouse gases and save more land，water and animals.

Tim Lang，a professor at Britain's University of London，co­led the research.He told Reuters，“The food we eat and how we produce it determines change what we eat and the way we eat by improving food production and reducing food waste.”

Well，what do you eat on the planetary health diet? The scientists who created this diet say it is largely plant­based but still has small amounts of dairy，fish and meat.The diet calls for cutting red meat and sugar by 50 percent and doubling the amount of nuts，fruits，vegetables and legumes.

Food situations around the world are not equal.In certain areas，this would mean great changes.People in North America，for example，eat 6.5 times the recommended amount of red meat.On the other hand，people in South Asia eat only half the amount suggested by the new planetary health diet.Meeting the targets for vegetables would need big changes in other areas.In sub­Saharan Africa，people on average eat 7.5 times the suggested amount of vegetables like potatoes and cassava.

The scientists admit their goal will be difficult to achieve.But for them doing nothing is also not an option.Willet said，“If we can't quite make it，it's better to try and get as close as we can.”

【参考范文】

Scientists claim they have obtained the best diet benefiting both humans and the planet.Tim Lang，the leader of the research，emphasized the significance of changing the food and the way we eat.In other words，it is more scientific for diet to be more based on plants than animals.However，the food condition is not globally balanced.Tough as the target is to realize，it is worth trying.