(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Language points (含解析)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Language points (含解析)，共7页。
www.ks5u.comUNIT 4　Natural disasters Language points请同学们认真完成 [练案18] 一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring __which/that/不填__ he had lost on the train.2．Some people __who/that__ are successful learners often fail in other fields.3．The woman __who/that__ is shaking hands with my sister is a doctor.4．This is the most beautiful park __that/不填__ I have visited.5．She took photographs of the things and people __that/不填__ she was interested in.6．Look, here are some people __who/whom/that/不填__ I want you to meet.7．Do you still remember the chicken farm __that/which/不填__ we visited three months ago?8．The picture __which/that__ was about the accident was terrible.9．This is the very hotel __that/不填__ I stayed at when I was travelling here.10．The child __whose__ parents are dead is called Tom.Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子1．Do you know the man? The man spoke to the headmaster just now.→Do you know the man __who/that spoke to the headmaster just now__?2．I have seen the film.They’re talking about the film.→I have seen the film __that/which/不填 they’re talking about__.3．The book was written by Mark Twain.He was a famous American writer.→The book was written by Mark Twain __who/that was a famous American writer__.4．The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese.→The girl __whose father is a Chinese__ is from America.5．My grandparents live in a house.It is more than 100 years old.→My grandparents live in a house __which/that is more than 100 years old__.Ⅲ.用定语从句完成句子1．Music is the only thing __that interests me__.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。2．He is a man __who we are all ready to learn from__.他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。3．This is the very book __that I am looking for__.这正是我要找的那本书。4．The earthquake __that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976__ shocked the people all over the world.发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。5．She is one of the girls __who have passed the exam__.她是通过考试的女孩之一。二、培优提升训练Ⅰ.阅读理解The quick action of Nick helped five people escape a fire on Hope Road.Nick said he usually left his house about 5∶30 a．m. to do morning exercise，but that day he decided to stay at home to get his daughter ready for school.As he looked at his neighbor’s house，he realized that it was on fire.“I saw smoke and flames and ran over and started beating on the side of the house shouting，’Your house is on fire！Your house is on fire！’” Nick remembered it was at about 9 a．m. that the firefighters put out the fire.Beverly Penny and her husband，Clark，along with their younger daughters，were sleeping in the living room，next to the kitchen，when they heard Nick beating on the walls.She opened the bedroom door and black smoke came in.She managed to get her kids out.Her dog tried to hide under the bed，but Penny caught it by the leg and threw it out of the door.However，chickens in one of the rooms weren’t so lucky.Firefighters got the call at about 7∶05 a．m.“When we arrived with our fire trucks，there were heavy flames outside on the house，” Jerry said.He called Nick a hero，saying that without his quick responses (回应) the result could have been much worse.“The firefighters were fast，” Nick said.“They arrived here within about three minutes.”“They did a great job，and I can’t thank them enough，” Penny said，then looked at what remained in the house and shook her head as tears rolled down in her eyes.“Everything I have is gone.Luckily nobody was hurt in the fire.” She said the fire could have been caused by an electrical problem.“We’ve been having problems with mice，so that we could have had something to do with it，” she added.文章大意：本文讲述了Nick发现邻居家火情后及时报警，挽救了邻居一家人性命的感人故事。1．What do you know about Nick？__C__A．He left house at 5∶30 a．m. that day.B．He has a son who goes to school.C．He lives next to Beverly Penny.D．He had a day off on Thursday.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“As he looked at his neighbor’s house，he realized that it was on fire.可知，Nick和Penny是邻居。”故选C。2．Which of the following is true？__D__A．Clark got hurt in the fire.B．Penny’s dog saved her kids.C．Penny’s dog was killed in the fire.D．Penny’s chickens were killed in the fire.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“However，chickens in one of the rooms weren’t so lucky.”可推知，她饲养的那些鸡在火灾中丧生了。故选D。3．When did the fire break out？__B__A．At about 5∶30 a．m.　　　 B．At about 7 a．m.C．At about 8 a．m. D．At about 9 a．m.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Firefighters got the call at about 7∶05 a．m.”(消防员接到报警电话的时间大约是7∶05)，可推知，火灾发生的时间大约是7点。故选B。4．We can infer that __A__.A．Jerry is a firefighter B．Jerry found the fireC．Jerry called the police D．Jerry helped Nick escape the fire解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中第一、二句“Firefighters got the call at about 7∶05 a．m.’When we arrived with our fire trucks，there were heavy flames outside on the house，’ Jerry said.”可推知，Jerry是一名消防员。故选A。Ⅱ.完形填空Earthquakes are very common and thousands of them happen nearly every day.But most are __1.B__ weak to feel.During a __2.C__ earthquake, there is often a great noise first.Then the earth __3.B__ terribly and many houses fall down.Railway tracks break and trains go __4.A__ lines; a great many factories are __5.C__;_thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes... __6.B__ the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake itself, other disasters such as fires often __7.A__.More buildings are destroyed and more deaths are caused.It is well known of the __8.C__ of a possible earthquake, and for centuries men have been making researches on earthquakes.More than 2,000 years ago, __9.C__，a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng __10.A__ a machine which could find out from which city the seismic waves had come, and this machine is still __11.D__ by scientists today.Now we know much more about earthquakes and __12.D__ they happen, but we still cannot __13.B__ exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot stop it from happening.So earthquakes are among the __14.A__ disasters in the world.No one can stop natural earthquakes.__15.A__，scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了地震的破坏力以及人们对地震所做的研究，尤其介绍了张衡及地动仪。没有人能阻止地震的发生，但科学家们可以在减少地震的破坏性方面有所帮助。1．A．very B．tooC．quite D．so解析：此处是说有些地震太弱了，以至于人们感觉不到，句中使用的是“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”。故B项正确。2．A．real B．weakC．big D．small解析：根据其后的“there is often a great noise first”可推知应选big。故C项正确。3．A．moves B．shakesC．jumps D．breaks解析：由常识可知，发生地震时地面在晃动(shake)。故B项正确。4．A．off B．onC．into D．behind解析：由“Railway tracks break”可知铁轨断了，火车脱轨(off)了。故A项正确。5．A．burst B．struckC．destroyed D．buried解析：工厂被破坏(destroyed)。burst“爆发”，strike“袭击，攻击”，bury“掩埋”，均不符合句意。故C项正确。6．A．Except B．BesidesC．Instead of D．Because of解析：由itself后的“other disasters”可知“除了”地震造成的损失之外，还有别的灾难，故B项正确。7．A．follow B．copyC．come D．enter解析：此处表示伴随地震而来的灾害，故填follow表示“跟着”。8．A．information B．questionsC．dangers D．frights解析：由常识可知，地震是很危险的。故C项正确。9．A．as a result B．in factC．for example D．as well解析：下面是作者的举例，说明人们为预测地震所做的研究，故选C项。10．A．invented B．discoveredC．found D．bought解析：invent指发明原来世上不存在的东西或事物，符合句意。discover“发现”；find“发现，找到”；buy“买”。故选A项。11．A．improved B．repairedC．protected D．used解析：现代的科学家仍然在“使用”张衡发明的地动仪。由still可知D项正确。12．A．where B．whenC．what D．why解析：由后面的“when and where”判断，此空应选why。故D项正确。13．A．speak B．tellC．talk D．point解析：此处tell表示“说明白，讲清楚”。故B项正确。14．A．worst B．bestC．most D．fastest解析：由于无法准确预测地震何时发生，故认为其是最严重的灾难之一，由此可知应选worst(最坏的)。故选A项。15．A．However B．ButC．And D．So解析：前后句存在转折关系，but表示转折时不用逗号与其后内容隔开，故B项排除。故选A项。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The party began shortly after nine.Mr. Wood, who lived in the flat below, sighed to himself as he heard __1.exciting__(excite) voices and the noisy music.Luckily, he had brought some work home from the office, with __2.which__he kept himself busy for a couple of hours, thus managing to pay no attention  __3.to__ the noise overhead.But by eleven o’clock he felt tired and was ready to go to bed though from his __4.earlier__(early) experience he knew it was no use __5.trying__(try) to get to sleep.He undressed and __6.lay__(lie) for a while in bed, trying to read, but he found himself reading the same page over and over again.He then turned off __7.the__ light and buried his head in the pillow.But even so he could not shut off the noise.Finally, after __8.what__ seemed hours, his patience was gone.He jumped out of bed, put on some clothing, marched firmly up the stairs, and walked into his neighbor’s apartment.The owner of the apartment came across the room and，__9.before__ Mr. Wood could say anything, cried, “My dear fellow, come and join us.I know our parties would trouble you.I meant to send you an invitation.” Mr. Wood’s anger disappeared then and there.He said, “I’d better go and get changed.” Minutes later, he returned，__10.properly__(proper) dressed, only to find that the party was nearly over.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了楼上开派对使Wood先生无法入睡，忍无可忍之后，他去楼上理论，没想到房主邀请Wood先生过来一起玩，等Wood先生换好衣服回来后发现派对已经快结束了。解析：1．考查形容词。句意：住在公寓下层的Wood先生听到令人兴奋的声音和嘈杂的音乐，不禁叹了口气。修饰物用－ing形式的形容词，表示“令人……的”。故填exciting。2．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：幸运的是，他从办公室带了一些工作回来，让自己忙了几个小时，因此没有注意头顶上的噪音。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词some work，在从句中作介词with的宾语。故填which。3．考查固定短语。句意参考上题解析。pay attention to表示“注意”。故填to。4．考查形容词比较级。句意：但到了11点，他觉得有些累，准备上床睡觉，尽管从他早些时候的经验来看，努力入睡是没有用的。此处有个隐晦的比较意义，表示“比现在稍早的”。故填earlier。5．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析。it is no use doing sth.表示“做……是没有用的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词。故填trying。6．考查时态。句意：他脱下衣服，躺在床上，想看会儿书，却发现自己翻来覆去只是看同一页。此处动作与前面的undressed是相继发生的，所以用一般过去时。故填lay。7．考查冠词。句意：然后他关灯，把头埋在枕头里。turn off the light表示“关灯”，light前需要加定冠词the表特指。故填the。8．考查宾语从句。句意：最后在过了似乎几个小时之后，他的耐心消失殆尽。此处为宾语从句，从句中seemed缺少主语，表示“……的时间”。故填what。9．考查连词。句意：公寓的房主走出房间，还没等Wood先生开口，他就大声说道：“亲爱的朋友，来和我们一起玩吧，我知道我们的派对会给你带来麻烦，我打算给你发个请帖。”根据语境，此处表示“在……之前”。故填before。10．考查副词。句意：几分钟后，他穿着得体地回来了，却发现派对快结束了。修饰形容词dressed用副词。故填properly。