(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Grammar (含解析)

www.ks5u.comUNIT 4　 Natural disasters Grammar

请同学们认真完成 [练案19]

一、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The country looks as though it is going to __erupt__(爆发) into civil war.

2．During the eight－day march across the desert our __supply__(供应) of water decreased rapidly.

3．The aim is to give people more __power__(力量) over their own lives.

4．Grace __tapped__(轻敲) on the bedroom door and went in.

5．He has ordered some plastic __pipes__(管子) to decorate his new house.

6．He __waved__(招手) at the waiter，who rushed to the table.

7．About one million workers around the world joined in the

__strike__(罢工)．

8．He __delivered__(发表) an important report at the meeting.

9．There is a __summary__(总结) at the end of each chapter.

10．Last month，part of Southeast Asia was __struck__(袭击) by floods.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．The media supplies a lot of information __to__ us every day.

2．Which party is __in__ power?

3．He kept __tapping__(tap) his fingers on the table.

4．We will go back to normal when things calm__down__.

5．Dictionaries are a great aid __in__ learning languages.

6．The workers are __on__ strike for higher pay.

7．The new tax rates come __into__ effect from April.

8．More attention should be paid __to improving__(improve) equipment in our factory so that we can increase our production.

9．She had finally carried __out__her promise to quit smoking.

10．The glass __broken__(break) by my son has been swept away.

Ⅲ.选词填空

sweep away，in danger，go through，in the open air，put up，in shock，as usual，on hand

1．He must have __gone through__  many difficulties before he succeeded.

2．Hearing the air crash, he looked at me __in shock__.

3．My father is an early riser.This morning, he got up at half past five __as usual__.

4．Please keep calm when you are __in danger__.

5．They had to sleep __in the open air__ after the earthquake.

6．With so many things __on hand__ to deal with, I can’t go to see a film this weekend.

7．A week before Earth Day, posters were __put up__ around our school, calling on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.

8．This morning my classmates and I __swept away__ all the fallen leaves in our campus.

二、培优提升训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.So she let out a yell，caught hold of her 2－year－old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree.She lives at the National Zoo in Washington DC．

And on Tuesday，August 23rd，witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on.And she’s not the only one.In the moments before the quake，an orangutan (猩猩) let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.

“It’s very different from their normal call，” said Brandie Smith，the zookeeper.“The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”

But you can’t see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens，can you? Maybe you can—if you’re an animal.

“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，” said Brandie Smith.“That’s part of their special abilities.They’re more sensitive to the environment，which is how they survive.”

Primates weren’t the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened.One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard (蜥蜴) ran quickly for cover.The flamingoes (a kind of birds) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.

So what kind of vibrations (震动) were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of waves—a weak “P” wave and then a much stronger “S” wave.The “P” stands for “primary”．And the “S” stands for “secondary”．She thinks the “P” wave might be what sets the animals off.

Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.For example，Smith said the zoo’s giant pandas didn’t jump up until the shaking actually began.But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened.“I’m not surprised at all，” Smith said.

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现，有些动物对地震敏感，而有些动物对地震没有察觉。

1．Why did Mandara act strangely one day？__A__

A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.

B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.

C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.

D．Because an earthquake had happened.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.”可知，Mandara表现得很奇怪因为它感觉有一些不同寻常的事情要发生。选A。

2．According to Brandie Smith，__A__.

A．many animals’ hearing is sharp

B．earthquakes produce two types of waves

C．primates usually gather together before a quake

D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“’Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，’ said Brandie Smith.’That’s part of their special abilities.They’re more sensitive to the environment，which is how they survive.’”可知Brandie Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐。选A。

3．Which animal seems unable to sense quake？__A__

A．A giant panda.　　　　　　　 B．A flamingo.

C．A lemur. D．A lizard.

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一、二句“Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.For example，Smith said the zoo’s giant pandas didn’t jump up until the shaking actually began.”可知在地震之前，大熊猫并没有表现异常，由此推断出大熊猫不能感知地震。选A。

4．What is the best title for the passage？__C__

A．How animals survive a quake

B．How animals differ from humans

C．How animals behave before a quake

D．How animals protect their young in a quake

解析：标题判断题。这篇文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现，有些动物对地震敏感，而有些动物对地震没有察觉。故选C。

Ⅱ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small __1.carrots__(carrot) and was about to throw them away.But something made her look closer，and she noticed a __2.shiny/shining__(shine) object.Yes，there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long－lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed __3.so__ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.“She thought I had hurt __4.myself__(I)，”says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years __5.earlier__(early)，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring __6.to cook__(cook) a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later，it was gone.She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten，eight，and six—had picked it up，but the girls said they hadn’t.Pahlsson and her husband __7.searched__(search) the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing.“I gave up hope of finding my ring again，”she says.She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got __8.swept__(sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，__9.where__ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson，its return was __10.a__ wonder.

文章大意：本文讲述了主人公Pahlsson在一个胡萝卜的茂密的叶子下面，找到了她遗失很久的结婚戒指。16年前Pahlsson在厨房做饭时取下戒指，之后戒指就找不到了。而16年后花园中胡萝卜的意外发芽使戒指又被找回。他们现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中了。戒指的失而复得对他们来说是个奇迹。

解析：

1．考查名词复数。句意：Lena Pahlsson拔出一把小胡萝卜正要扔掉。a handful of意为“一把，几个”，后加可数名词复数形式。故填carrots。

2．考查形容词。句意：她注意到一个闪亮的物体。由语法知识可知，形容词修饰名词object。故填shiny/shining。

3．考查固定结构。句意：Pahlsson大声地喊叫以至于她女儿从房子里跑出来。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。

4．考查反身代词。句意：她认为我伤到了我自己。由语境可知，女儿听到母亲的叫声后跑出门，以为母亲伤到了她自己。myself是反身代词，指“我自己”。故填myself。

5．考查固定用法。由语境可知，这个戒指是十六年前丢的。数词＋years earlier表示“……年前”。故填earlier。

6．考查非谓语动词。句意：Pahlsson把钻石戒指摘掉去做饭。这里用不定式表目的。故填to cook。

7．考查时态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫在厨房寻找。由语境可知，这段是她回忆戒指丢失时的场景，故谓语动词需要用过去时。故填searched。

8．考查语态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中了。由语境可知，戒指是被扫到花园中，故空白处填被动形式。故填swept。

9．考查定语从句。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中了，在那里直到胡萝卜意外地发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找到。前后两句很完整，由句意可知，后半句是对花园进行了进一步的解释说明。故后半句是定语从句，先行词是garden，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。

10．考查冠词。句意：它的回来(指戒指失而复得)是一件很奇妙的事。wonder在这句话中的词性是名词，可数名词单数前需要加冠词。故填a。

Ⅲ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

A friend of mine whose name was John Smith had a bad memory，which made him famous.He was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence.His wife had to constantly remind him about his meetings，his classes—even his meals！Once he forgot he had eaten breakfast twice，at home and at school.His wife liked to remind her neighbors，“If John didn’t have his head tied on，he would forget that too！” Since Smith was a professor at a well－known university，his  forgetfulness was often an embarrassment to him.It wasn’t that he was not clever，as some critical people tended to say，but just very very absent－minded.

One hot summer day，Professor Smith decided to take his children to a seaside town about a three－hour train ride away.To make the trip more interesting for his young children，he kept the name of the town a secret.However，by the time they arrived at the station，Smith forgot the name of the town he was planning to visit.Luckily，a friend of his happened to be in the station.He offered to take care of the children while Smith hurried back home to find out where he was going.

The professor’s wife was surprised to see him again so soon.

“Oh，my dear，I forgot the name of the town.”

“What? You forgot the name? Maybe one day you will forget my name！Now I’ll write the name of that town on a piece of paper，and you put it in your pocket and please，please don’t forget where you put it.”

Satisfied that she had solved the problem，she sent her husband off again.Ten minutes later she was astonished to see him outside the house for the third time.

Paragraph 1：

“What is the matter now？”asked his wife.___________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2：

Hearing the cry，out rushed their neighbors，trying to find out what had happened. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考范文：

Paragraph 1：

“What is the matter now？” asked his wife.“I just can’t remember why I come back and where I am supposed to be going on such a hot summer day，”replied the professor.However，the real reason was that he forgot where he had left his children.Sensing something wrong，Mrs. Smith didn’t believe his words，because whenever he told a lie，he would blink his eyes usually quickly.“Tell me the truth，” ordered his wife.“As you told me，I didn’t forget where I put the name of that town，but I forget the station where I left our children！” whispered the professor，his voice trembling.“What a bad memory！” shouted the wife.

Paragraph 2：

Hearing the cry，out rushed their neighbors，trying to find out what had happened.A fight between the couple was about to start when the professor’s cell phone began to ring.His friend，whose patience had worn thin，phoned to complain.The professor apologized，got into his car and drove away，leaving behind a bunch of people outside the house.Being afraid that he would make matters worse  again，Mrs. Smith decided to follow him，who then  called a taxi.By the time she caught up with her  husband，the children were already back home safe  and sound.