高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训11阅读七选五之说明文Ⅰ含解析

这是一份高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训11阅读七选五之说明文Ⅰ含解析，共6页。

Smetimes the nline wrld，just like the real wrld，can intrduce prblems，such as bullying r arguments. 2 But there are als a few peple wh use the Internet fr ffensive (冒犯性的)r illegal aims.Children must be made aware f bth the gd things and the dangers.
3 Just as yu decide which TV prgrams are suitable，yu need t d the same fr the websites and chat rms yur children visit.Remind yur children that nline friends are still strangers.Reminding them f the risks will keep them alert(警惕)．
4 S it's likely that yur children may knw mre than yu d.We get left behind when it cmes t the latest gadgets and the interactive areas f websites，like chat rms and message bards，which are especially strange. 5 Chatters lve t use abbreviatins(缩写)such as: atb — all the best，bbfn — bye bye fr nw，gr8 — great，Idk — I dn't knw，kit — keep in tuch，paw — parents are watching，ll — laugh ut lud.It seems like anther language，and it is!
A．Ging nline is great fun.
B．Cmputer studies are part f schlwrk nw.
C．The language f chat is strange t many parents，t.
D．There are sme websites that are nt suitable fr children.
E．T keep children safe，yur management must cver the family cmputer.
F．They are cnnecting t a huge number f ther children all ver the wrld.
G．Surfing the Internet takes t much f the time that shuld be spent n lessns.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，越来越多的孩子使用网络或手机聊天，作为家长应该怎样监督和引导孩子合理使用网络呢？文章对此作了介绍。
1．F [上一句提到，越来越多的孩子使用网络或手机聊天，承接上文，应是“他们与全世界的很多其他孩子保持联系”，故选F。]
2．A [关键词是后面的but，but后面介绍上网不好的一面，空格处应表示好的一面，故A项“上网非常有趣”符合题意。]
3．E [下一句提到，正如你决定哪个电视节目适合(孩子)一样，你必须对你孩子访问的聊天室和网站做同样的选择。故E项“为了确保孩子安全，你要管理好家里的电脑”符合题意。]
4．B [下一句提到，因此你的孩子对网络的了解比你还多。那么该空应该解释其原因，故B项“计算机学习是学校教学的一部分”符合题意。]
5．C [下文列举的是孩子们在网上聊天时用的一些奇怪的语言，故C项“聊天语言对很多家长来说也是很奇怪的”符合题意。]
B
(2018·东莞市质检)
Ways t Take Mre Vegetables int yur Meals
Recently，an increasing number f health prblems amng peple have been reprted.Surveys shw that mst f us get arund tw t three kinds f vegetables a day，falling far shrt f the five kinds that nutritin experts advise. 6
Sneak vegetables int breakfast and lunch
One reasn we dn't get enugh vegetables is that many f us cnsider them merely as a rely aside dish t dinner. 7
Fllw the glden rule
Half f yur dinner plate shuld be filled with vegetables. 8 This is the perfectly balanced dinner，accrding t experts.
9
Half a cucumber，a whle tmat，r a lng，fresh carrt are just as pleasant t eat as an apple.It may seem unusual，but wh cares? A whle vegetable makes a terrific snack.
Mve yur vegetables t the tp shelf f the fridge
As lng as they're bagged prperly，they'll last as well as they wuld in a vegetable fresh cntainer. 10 In particular，keep quick-t-eat vegetables such as baby carrts，tmates and cucumbers as accessible as pssible.
G extic
Every week，try t buy a slightly freign vegetable，perhaps smething that yu've never eaten befre.
A．Eat vegetables like fruit
B．Take mre unusual vegetables
C．Mre imprtantly，nw they'll be seen easily and attractive.
D．Here are sme health-bsting ways t take mre vegetables int yur daily diet.
E．That leaves a quarter f the plate fr rice r ndles and a quarter fr meal r fish.
F．If yu really want t eat mre vegetables，yu can als eat them at breakfast and lunch.
G．When yu want t eat mre vegetables，make sure yur fridge will be full f vegetables.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，调查发现当今人们出现了越来越多的健康问题，这都与人们吃的蔬菜少有关。因此文中给出五条多吃蔬菜的建议。
6．D [根据题目及下文中的5条建议可知，本句就是要给出“多吃蔬菜的方法”，分析七个选项可知D项(以下是一些促进健康，让你每天吃更多蔬菜的方法)符合题意。]
7．F [根据本节的小标题Sneak vegetables int breakfast and lunch(把蔬菜放入早餐和午餐中)可知F项(如果你真的想多吃蔬菜，你也可以在早餐和午餐中吃)与标题相符，故选F。]
8．E [分析本节的小标题Fllw the glden rule下的内容可知，据专家介绍，你的餐盘里的一半应该放满蔬菜，E项(剩下的四分之一是米饭或面条，另外四分之一是肉或鱼)符合题意。]
9．A [根据结构可知，本题是小标题，分析本段内容可知，半个黄瓜，一个完整的西红柿，或者一个又长又新鲜的胡萝卜，和吃苹果一样好吃，故A项(吃像水果的蔬菜)与题意相符。]
10．C [根据小标题Mve yur vegetables t the tp shelf f the fridge(把你的蔬菜搬到冰箱的顶层架子上)，再分析本段可知，放在上面就是为了吸引你的注意力而去吃，因此C项(更重要的是，现在它们看起来很容易吸引人)符合题意。]
C
(2018·兰州市第一中学模拟)At what age des a child became an adult? 11 Here are a few examples.
First，in sme Nrth American Indian culture，a by became a man arund the age f 13.At that time，he wuld g int the wds alne，withut fd r water，fr several days. 12 Girls became adult wmen as sn as they were ld t have babies，als arund the age f 12 r 13.
In the Jewish religin，children spend years studying their histry and religin.Then， at age f 13 fr bys and 12 fr girls，they g thrugh an imprtant religius ceremny. 13
In Japan tday，yung peple becme legal adult at age 20.Each year n January 15th，they celebrate “Cming-f-Age Day”，when the 20-year-lds in a twn are invited t attend t special ceremny. 14
Finally，in the United States，the passage int adulthd takes several years.American teenagers lk frward t their 16th birthday because in mst states that is the age when can get a driver's license.The legal age f adulthd is 18，when Americans can vte，get married and wrk full-time.Hwever，they must wait until age 21 t buy alchl. 15
A．Many peple celebrate their 21st birthday by having a drink with friends in a bar.
B．It's hard t answer the questin.
C．The answer depends n yur culture r religin.
D．Frm that day，they are adults，and they becme respnsible fr their wn religius develpment.
E．When he returned safely，he became an adult man.
F．The teenagers are nt allwed t drink alchl.
G．They wear traditinal clthes，listen t speeches and visit ld friends.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，文章列举了不同国家不同文化背景对成年人的界定。
11．C [上句讲孩子在什么年龄叫成年人？下文是一些具体例子，不同国家有不同的划分标准。故C项(答案要根据不同的文化和地区而定)符合题意。]
12．E [本段讲北美印第安人的习俗，男孩到了13岁就独自进入森林，在无食物和水的情况下待几天。E项(男孩安全回来后就成了男人)是其结论，故选E。]
13．D [本段讲在犹太地区，孩子们学习历史和宗教。男孩12岁女孩13岁时参加一次重要的宗教仪式。D项(从那天起他们就是成年人了，他们要对宗教发展负责任)是对上文情况的结论，故选D。]
14．G [本段讲在日本，20岁成为法定成年人，每年1月15日参加专门的仪式。G项(他们穿着传统的服装，听演讲和拜访老朋友)是仪式当天的活动，与上文衔接，故选G。]
15．A [本段讲在美国不同年龄不同权利的界定，上句讲必须要等到21岁才能买酒，A项(许多人通过在酒吧和朋友喝酒来庆祝21岁生日)与上句衔接，故选A。]
D
(2018·云南师大附中模拟) 16 The cruel reality：nt very safe，ptentially.Despite this，sme simple steps are t make yur nline experience safe.Read n t find ut the easiest ways t make sure yur infrmatin is kept safe.
●Manage passwrds.
Cnstantly changing yur passwrd has always been a basic frm f prtectin. 17 First passwrds shuld never include yur persnal infrmatin.S stay away frm names and birthdates.Ideally，passwrds shuld cntain different letters，randm numbers.It's better t have a very strng，lng passwrd that desn't have any persnal infrmatin.
● 18
Deceptive phishing (网络钓鱼)is ne f the mst cmmn types f trick.It's best t view all emails with care.Hackers can make emails lk like real cmpany emails.That can trick readers int clicking n dangerus links.If ding s，yu culd end up intrducing a virus t yur cmputer r accidentally giving sensitive infrmatin t the wrng peple.
●Use tw-factr identificatin.
Tw-factr identificatin adds a secnd level f security t an accunt.It's a security ptin that requires a passwrd as well as an additinal piece f infrmatin nly the user wuld knw.Smetimes，it's a cde sent t yur cellphne that has t be entered after a passwrd. 19
●Updated apps and perating systems are a must.
T ften，users are unwilling t update their mbile devices.It seems that updates nly change the way yur phne's sftware lks. 20
●Be careful with public charging statins and Wi-Fi.
Charging statins and Wi-Fi are a cnvenience prvided t the public，but they can bring risks fr they may be cnnected t anther cmprmised (缺乏免疫力的)device.If yu cnnect t Wi-Fi and then it asks yu t dwnlad smething，yu shuldn't d that.
A．View emails with a sharp eye.
B．In fact，it can make yur phne wrk fast，t.
C．What shuld we d t keep ur infrmatin safe?
D．Actually，they ften cme with security imprvements.
E．The additinal characteristic can keep yur infrmatin much safer.
F．Hw safe is persnal infrmatin n yur cmputer r cell phne?
G．But what passwrds t pick and hw t manage them really matter.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主要讲述了一些保护手机和电脑信息，防止信息被泄露的方法。
16．F [根据空格后的回答The cruel reality: nt very safe，ptentially.“残酷的事实是网上信息和手机信息有潜在的泄露危险”可知F项“你的手机电脑中信息有多安全？”符合题意。]
17．G [空格前的句子说“经常换密码一直是一种基本保护形式”，空格后的句子说“密码设置时不要用姓名或生日”。因此，G项“密码的选择和管理至关重要”符合题意。]
18．A [根据空格的位置得知属于小标题，后面的句子It's best t view all emails with care.提示应选A项。]
19．E [空格前的句子建议我们在设置密码时再添加一条只有自己知道的额外信息，空格处应是说明这样做的好处，故选E。]
20．D [本节的小标题告诉我们要经常升级手机应用，空格前的句子It seems that updates nly change the way yur phne's sftware lks.，接下来应是说“其实还给予手机安全系统的提升”，故选D。]
E
(2018·合肥市联考)A new reprt says plastics are respnsible fr $13 billin in damage t the ceans and the undersea envirnment.The findings were annunced recently at a United Natins cnference. 21 .
Plastic thrwn away carelessly makes its way int rivers and ther waterways. 22 .After a while，it cllects in the sea.And plastic never ges away.Plastic is nt bidegradable—destryed by bacteria r natural prcesses.Instead，it just breaks up int smaller pieces ver time.The ceans cntain a lt f chemicals and ther pllutants(污染物)． 23 .That means harmful material may get int ur fd supply.
24 .Human beings cause pllutin and they can take steps t stp it.They can use fewer single use prduct cntainers and thrw plastics away crrectly.Plastic recycling prgrams als wrks—where ld bttles and ther plastics are cllected，brken dwn and used t make new prducts.We culd reuse bttles in ur husehlds many times if we wish t，rather than end it after the first use.We culd，when we get rid f that plastic，recycle it and reuse it，which replaces the need fr raw materials.
The reprt als calls n cmpanies t imprve methds fr using plastics. 25 .And it calls fr infrmatin abut the way plastic is thrwn ut r remved frm use.By putting a new value n plastic，industry has a special reasn t clean up the envirnment.But all f the cmpanies must jin t deal with the prblem.
A．Then，fish may eat the plastics.
B．But peple can make a big difference.
C．Plastics shuld be gathered tgether and reused.
D．It is cnvenient t use plastic bags in everyday life.
E．It asks fr them t better measure and cntrl plastic use.
F．The plastic eventually reaches castal areas and cean waters.
G．The reprt tells abut harm t sea life and what might be dne t imprve the situatin.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主要讲述了塑料是如何进入海洋危害海洋生物和人类的，并呼吁人们和公司采取措施来保护我们的环境。
21．G [上文提到在联合国的一次会议上提出了关于塑料污染海洋的报道，所以此句说明报道的内容，故选G。]
22．F [根据上文的“makes its way int rivers and ther waterways”及下文的“it cllects in the sea”可知，这句话讲的是塑料最终进入了大海，故选F。]
23．A [根据下文的“That means harmful material may get int ur fd supply.”可知，我们的食物来源鱼类有可能吃到塑料，故选A。]
24．B [根据下文可知，人类引起污染，也可以采取措施制止污染，所以此句应是转折，故选B。]
25．E [根据前一句讲述“报道呼吁公司要改进塑料的使用方法。”故E项“它要求他们更好地测量和控制塑料的使用。”承接上一句，E项中的It代指前一句提到的The reprt。]