还剩14页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析
展开
这是一份江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共17页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021/2022学年度第二学期高二年级期终考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
BRIEFLY NOTED
My Fourth Time, We Drowned, by Sally Hayden. In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee (难民) camp, which afforded her a window into the horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.
Dream-Child, by Eric G. Wilson. This exciting representation of Charles Lamb is the first full-length biography (传记) of the Romantic-era essayist and poet since 1905. Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health. While faced with depression, Lamb was identified as a pioneer and his essays exhibited a look at modern city life.
Run and Hide, by Pankaj Mishra. Mishra’s novel follows three college classmates desperate to escape their lower-middle-class situation, casting a critical eye on self-made men. While two of them struggle with the heights they have reached, the narrator avoids becoming trapped in similar situations by returning to a mountain village to work as a translator. Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.
The White Girl, by Tony Birch. This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen-sixties, centers on an indigenous (土著) woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australia’s policies treated the indigenous people unfairly.
1. What can we learn from Dream-Child?
A. It casts light on the modern rural life.
B. Mary contributed to Tales from Shakespeare.
C. Lamb is of a mild and optimistic personality.
D. Wilson is best remembered for Tales from Shakespeare.
2. Which book will you prefer to acquire a better understanding of liberty?
A. My Fourth Time, We Drowned. B. Dream-Child.
C. Run and Hide. D. The White Girl.
3. What do My Fourth Time, We Drowned and The White Girl have in common?
A. They’re both set in the 20th century.
B. They both focus on family bonds.
C. They’re both set in the same country.
D. They both focus on the disadvantaged.
Located 150 miles south of mainland Australia, Tasmania is known for its wildlife and landscape, including unique plant and animal species. Perhaps its most famous native animal is the Tasmanian devil, a small but violent animal. The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the island’s famous giant tree ferns (树蕨), but was hunted by people until the last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.
A team of Australian scientists have discovered that Tasmania is now carbon negative, meaning it absorbs more carbon dioxide gas(CO2) than it gives off. The team say their findings show the importance of forests in fighting climate change.
Large quantities of CO2 act as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and causing climate change. Many countries have plans to become “carbon neutral” (碳中和), but Tasmania is one of the first places in the world to go carbon negative.
The fact came to light when a team from Australian National University(ANU) looked into the CO2 emissions (排放) of each Australian state. CO2 is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down — especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products. On the other hand, living forests absorb large amounts of CO2. In 2011, campaigners blocked plans to build a large new paper factory in Tasmania, leading to a large decline in cutting down Tasmania’s forests. Consequently, CO2 emissions dropped sharply and allowed forests to continue growing instead. Much of Tasmania’s power comes from hydroelectricity, which does not give off CO2.
Scientists say that Tasmania’s achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO2. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO2. “We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment,” explained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that “the most effective place to do that is in forests.”
4. Which is TRUE about the Tasmanian tiger?
A. It was a small but violent animal.
B. It went extinct because of hunting.
C. Too much CO2 emission put it on the line.
D. Large clearing of trees led to its dying out.
5. What can we learn about Tasmania?
A. Zero CO2 emissions help it go green.
B. Masses of forests help it go carbon negative.
C. It doesn’t need to fight climate change any more.
D. It covers the largest areas of forests in the world.
6. What does paragraph 4 convey?
A. Many CO2 emissions arise from human activities.
B. Paper factories have a great prospect in Tasmania.
C. People are not allowed to cut down trees in Tasmania.
D. Hydroelectricity is the only energy source in Tasmania.
7. What does David Lindemayer probably express in the last paragraph?
A. Carbon is posing the biggest threat to the earth.
B. Forests are the most effective places to trap heat.
C. He’s proud of Tasmania’s achievement in managing CO2.
D. Preserving forests could best help battle climate change.
Currently, video calls are becoming familiar challenges as the COVID-19 forces workers to communicate from their homes and offices.
Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates:as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up.
“The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspects of how we communicate,” said Dr. James Trujillo, the first author of the research at Radboud University, in the Netherlands.
Trujillo said previous research had shown that when we cannot hear someone well, we speak louder, while the team’s recent work shows that when a video call is very noisy, people make their gestures more noticeable. Trujillo and his colleagues reported in a journal how they analyzed video calls between 20 pairs of participants, who sat in separate rooms and chatted freely to each other over a Zoom-like video call for 40 minutes. Over the course of the call, the quality of the video was changed in 10 steps between excellent and completely unclear, with half of the pairs experiencing improving video quality, and half experiencing it in the opposite way. The video quality during the call at each step was the same for both participants. The research tracked the participants’ gestures and aspects of their speech.
The team added that when gestures were not being used, speech was unaffected by decreases in visibility. However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels (分贝) as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as video quality decreased further — in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.
“They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal — speech.” he said.
8. Why do we tend to raise our voices on video call?
A. Due to the poor video quality.
B. In the hope of curing our poor hearing.
C. In an attempt to avoid making gestures.
D. For the sake of generating interest in the topic.
9. What do we know from paragraphs 3-4?
A. Recent findings agree with previous ones.
B. Participants made the video call in equal measure.
C. Integrated factors make for effective communication.
D. Dr. James Trujillo is the first person to look into the topic.
10. What does the underlined word “deteriorated” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Turned better. B. Grew unstable.
C. Became worse. D. Remained unchanged.
11. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Lift up, we can’t catch you B. Cheer up, we won’t fail you
C. Shut up, we can’t reach you D. Speak up, we can’t see you
Susan, a school teacher, has been a source of love for her students and many people. She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.
One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.
Thankfully, Secret Santa stepped in secretly. He works with East Idaho News, led by Nate Eaton, who goes around Idaho spreading holiday cheer this season.
The big day came, and Nate paid this great teacher a surprise visit in the middle of her class. “We’re here because a Secret Santa wants to give presents to your teacher,” he said. Her students shouted in chorus for Susan to open gifts at once. Judging from the way she looked, she seemed to be holding back her tears. She was handed the first box containing $1,000 worth of gift cards from a Craft Store. She loves to visit the store, but never buys things at a regular price. Then, she opened the second box where lay a check for a thousand dollars. She, as well as her students, was obviously astonished.
Susan appreciated the gifts a lot. But there’s more! A gift larger than life was outside waiting for its owner. She was given a box with car keys inside. The kids burst into applause, truly happy for their dear teacher. Out of their school, she couldn’t believe a blue Chevrolet car was hers now.
Interestingly, though also in need, this woman still thought about whom she could help and where the gift should go. No wonder many people, including her students’ parents, love her a lot.
Indeed helping and loving people is not in vain. May we also be generous in giving out love and joy not only this season but at all times.
12. What can people around Susan get from her?
A. Home-cooked food. B. Substantial money.
C. Generous assistance. D. Professional advice.
13. What did Susan struggle with in her daily life?
A. How to raise funds for others.
B. How to earn her husband’s support.
C. How to help as many people as she could.
D. How to go through the daily life with her modest salary.
14. Which can best speak volumes about Susan’s feelings?
A. Astonished and grateful. B. Proud and thankful.
C. Delighted but embarrassed. D. Surprised but ashamed.
15. What does Susan’s story imply?
A. Great hopes make great man. B. Every cloud has a silver lining.
C. One good turn deserves another. D. Luck favors the prepared mind.
第二部分 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tom told himself that 2022 was going to be the year when he finally got his life together. So on New Year’s Eve of 2021, he wrote out all of his New Year’s resolutions. As Tom was writing them down, he got really excited and even became proud of himself, just for thinking of doing all these things. ____16____ He took full advantage of his time to work out.
____17____ “You’re not going to work out when you are tired,” Tom told himself. He didn’t really feel like eating salad. What he felt like eating was a big, juicy burger. And again Tom told himself that “I’ve been working really hard over the past few weeks. I deserve a day off.”
Over the next few weeks, Tom’s good habits started to slow down. He started to sleep in a little bit. He would skip a gym session occasionally, and then almost all of Tom’s good habits were gone. ____18____
Personally, I can totally relate with Tom, and some of you probably can too. Why did Tom and most people not stick with their good new habit? ____19____ You might ask yourself, “Well, how can I really acquire it?” Honestly, there isn’t a simple answer to this, but the best answer is to just think about what you are committing to.
Creating great habits is kind of building a house. Your habits are like bricks. ____20____ Without it, that house will definitely collapse and you will probably end up exactly where you left off. That is exactly what sets successful people apart from unsuccessful people.
A. Why did his New Year’s resolutions fall apart?
B. Basically he ended up exactly where he started.
C. Commitment is like the glue that holds bricks in place.
D. However, one day he found himself gaining 7 kilograms.
E. As the New Year came around, Tom started off really strong.
F. However, one day after work, he didn’t really feel like going to the gym.
G. The main reason is that they don’t possess something called commitment.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A couple of years ago, I was on a flight by myself. When I was sitting quietly in my chair, a man ____21____ and sat down next to me without ____22____ me. As the plane was ready to take off, the man started shaking, sweating and ____23____ uncomfortably in his chair.
The plane began ____24____ and the man started getting stressed out. Not knowing what to do, I was ____25____ terrified. I could just focus on my ____26____, 5 in, 5 out. As time ____27____, I suddenly noticed on my lap the book I was reading beforehand. I noticed the line that I ____28____ for myself to read — When ____29____ is present in us, we bring awareness to it and smile to it.
The man _____30_____ the book, too. Without thinking twice, I offered it to him and said, “It’s a great book.” The man took it and _____31_____ me, asking, “What’s it about?” “About peace,” I _____32_____ instantly.
The man read it a little bit and then looked back at me, requesting, “Where are you from?” Although I was still _____33_____, I took a deep breath and said, “I’m from Israel.” Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet. Before I knew it, this complete stranger just 10 minutes ago shared with me pictures of his family and even one very _____34_____ fact about him that he was afraid of flying.
Our real power as human beings is our ability to _____35_____ the fear inside and to choose to act differently and the change has to begin with us.
21. A. waved B. skipped C. emerged D. returned
22. A. waking B. calling C. recognizing D. acknowledging
23. A. swinging B. sleeping C. standing D. shifting
24. A. landing B. climbing C. diving D. sinking
25. A. completely B. consistently C. temporarily D. barely
26. A. imagining B. reading C. thinking D. breathing
27. A. died away B. rolled away C. slipped away D. passed away
28. A. wrote B. marked C. designed D. printed
29. A. fear B. passion C. depression D. curiosity
30. A. seized B. sought C. spotted D. searched
31. A. shouted at B. pointed at C. looked at D. smiled at
32. A. responded B. repeated C. requested D. required
33. A. scared B. relieved C. surprised D. depressed
34. A. permanent B. personal C. potential D. precise
35. A. resist B. resolve C. admit D. anticipate
第四部分 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin, ____36____ (literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China, ____37____ (make) brocades in a unique way.
Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics ____38____ (be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the ____39____ (value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements.
Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____40____ (date) back to 417 AD. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the ____41____ (approve) of the Chinese government. In 2009, it was selected and added ____42____ the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games, ____43____ all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade.
____44____ (survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. We hold the belief _____45_____ it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad.
第五部分
假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟邀请环保专家Smith先生在“世界环境日”那天做讲座，请你给他写封邀请信。内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 讲座内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my first year as a middle school math teacher, I designed and tried a classroom money system to motivate and engage my students. Each day, students who came to class well prepared earned a salary of 25 “royal” dollars. From the salary earned, the students paid monthly rent on their chairs and taxes on their classroom materials. My goals for the program were to help students learn the importance of financial management while promoting positive classroom behavior.
I gave students daily opportunities to earn additional salary such as 10 dollars for catching my errors, 50 dollars for good mathematical arguments, and 100 dollars for outdoing an assessment. Students put any money they earned in our class bank. As the banker, I maintained the accounts and informed students of dangerously low balances. After all, students knew what happened when they didn’t have the money to pay rent, and none wanted to lose his or her chair. After the students paid their rent, taxes and any fines, they could spend their remaining money on class auction (拍卖) items like snacks and school supplies.
My system worked beautifully and the students were fully engaged. They soon realized that use of inappropriate language or coming late to class was not financially beneficial.
Three weeks into school Mayra met me at the door with a question.
“How much would it cost to buy my chair?”
“Buy your chair?”
“Well, if I could buy my chair, I won’t have to pay you rent each month. Then I’ll have more money to spend at the auction.”
“If you prefer to save your money and purchase your chair, you can buy it for 600 dollars.”
“So if I sit on the floor for twenty more days, I’ll have enough money to buy my chair?”
“Absolutely!”
She and several of her table mates began to gather their materials and returned to the floor of our classroom. I thought to myself, “This won’t last long.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I certainly underestimated the resolve of my students.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, “Today, I can buy my chair!”
_______________________________________________________________________________
##########################################
阅读理解
【答案】1-3 BCD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本书的故事梗概。
1. 细节理解题。由Dream-Child中的“Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health.（兰姆和他的妹妹玛丽也许作为《莎士比亚故事集》的合著者最值得纪念，他照顾他身体差的妹妹。）”可知，玛丽是《莎士比亚故事集》的合著者，说明她对《莎士比亚故事集》有贡献。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。由Run and Hide中的“Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.（这部小说写得很清楚，使读者深入了解了自由的思想。）”可知，Run and Hide能帮助读者更好地理解自由。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。由My Fourth Time, We Drowned中的“In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee (难民) camp, which afforded her a window into the horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.（2018年，爱尔兰记者海登从一名被关在难民营的男子那里收到了一条Facebook消息，这为她了解非洲难民面临的恐怖提供了一扇窗户。通过对相关人员的采访，海登了解到他们被毫不留情地虐待并被当作商品出售，欧盟等西方机构对此视而不见。）”和The White Girl中的“This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen-sixties, centers on an indigenous (土著的) woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australia’s policies treated the indigenous people unfairly.（这部小说以二十世纪六十年代澳大利亚一个偏远小镇为背景，以一位土著妇女奥黛特和她的孙女为中心。当奥黛特试图保护她的孙女时，她发现社会上存在着不平等。伯奇举例说明了澳大利亚的政策是如何不公平地对待土著人民的。）”可知，My Fourth Time, We Drowned和The White Girl的共同点在于它们都关注弱势群体。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了塔斯马尼亚州是世界上第一个碳负排放的地区之一，该地区通过减少森林砍伐，使得二氧化碳排放量急剧下降，这一成就表明了森林在管理二氧化碳方面的重要作用。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the island’s famous giant tree ferns, but was hunted by people until the last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.（该岛也是大型的像狼一样的塔斯马尼亚虎的家园。它生活在岛上著名的巨型树蕨中，但一直被人们猎杀，直到1936年最后一只已知的动物死于动物园。）”可知，塔斯马尼亚虎因狩猎而灭绝。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Scientists say that Tasmania’s achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO2. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO2.（科学家说，塔斯马尼亚的成就表明了森林在管理二氧化碳方面的重要作用。他们说，保护世界各地的森林可以帮助许多国家吸收更多的二氧化碳。）”可知，大量的森林有助于减少碳排放。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The fact came to light when a team from Australian National University(ANU) looked into the CO2 emissions (排放) of each Australian state. CO2 is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down — especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products.（当澳大利亚国立大学〔ANU〕的一个研究小组调查澳大利亚各州的二氧化碳排放量时，这一事实才浮出水面。二氧化碳是通过燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气发电等活动产生的，但当森林被砍伐时，二氧化碳也会释放出来，尤其是当木材被用于制造纸张和类似产品时。）”可知，本段主要表达出许多二氧化碳排放源于人类活动。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“ ‘We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment,’ explained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that ‘the most effective place to do that is in forests.’（“我们需要在环境中储存更多的碳，”澳大利亚国立大学的大卫·林德迈尔教授解释道，并补充道“最有效的地方是森林。”）”可知，因为森林是最有效的储存碳的地方，所以大卫·林德迈尔在最后一段可能表达了保护森林最有助于应对气候变化。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，解释了为什么我们最终会在视频通话中对同事提高嗓门 —— 因为人们在视频通话中看不到对方的手势，所以随着视频质量的下降，我们会更大声地说话。
1. 细节理解题。由第二段“Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates: as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures(手势) in an attempt to make up.（现在，科学家们已经揭示了为什么我们最终会对同事提高嗓门：随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补。）”可知，我们会在视频通话中提高声音，是因为视频质量差。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspects of how we communicate（我们在说话时所做的手势以及其他视觉信号，是我们沟通方式中真正重要和综合的方面。）”可知，综合因素有助于有效沟通。故选C。
3. 词义猜测题。由第二段中的“as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up（随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补）”和第五段中的“However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels (分贝) as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as video quality decreased further — in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.（然而，当使用手势时，音量会随着视频质量的deteriorated而增加多达5分贝，然后随着视频质量的进一步下降〔换句话说，当手势不再有用时〕，音量会保持在这一更高的水平）”可知，研究表明随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并使用手势，再结合“随着视频质量的进一步下降〔换句话说，当手势不再有用时〕，音量会保持在这一更高的水平”，此处指音量会随着视频质量的恶化而增加多达5分贝，deteriorated在此处意为“变得更糟（Became worse）”。故选C。
4. 标题归纳题。由第二段“Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates: as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up.（现在，科学家们已经揭示了为什么我们最终会对同事提高嗓门：随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补）”和最后一段“ ‘They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal — speech.’ he said.（“他们知道所做的手势对他们的交流至关重要，但他们的同伴很难看到这些手势。因此，他们增加了另一种信号的强度 —— 语言。”他说。）”可知，本文讲述了，因为人们在视频通话中看不到对方的手势，所以随着视频质量的下降，我们会更大声地说话，D项“大声点，我们看不到你”符合文意。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，学校教师苏珊，虽自己身有困难，但仍然帮助他人，最终也获得他人帮助的故事。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段中的“She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.（她帮助一位朋友筹集领养资金，制作被子，卖掉被子，然后把钱交给失去丈夫的同事。她甚至帮助别人重建了厨房。）”可知，苏珊以各种形式乐于助人，所以苏珊周围的人能从她那里得到慷慨的援助。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。由第二段“One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.（有人可能会认为她太忙于为别人做事，没有任何顾虑。可悲的是，她的丈夫正在进行癌症的第三次治疗。她微薄的工资不足以支付他们所有的费用。）”可知，乐于助人的学校教师苏珊生活中也有困境，她要挣扎的是如何用她微薄的薪水度过日常生活。故选D。
3. 观点态度题。由第四段中的“She, as well as her students, was obviously astonished.（她和她的学生显然都感到惊讶。）”和第五段中的“Susan appreciated the gifts a lot.（苏珊非常感激这些礼物。）”可知，对于送给自己的礼物，苏珊感到惊讶和感激。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。由第一段中的“She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.（她帮助一位朋友筹集领养资金，制作被子，卖掉被子，然后把钱交给失去丈夫的同事。她甚至帮助别人重建了厨房。）”，第五段中的“Susan appreciated the gifts a lot.（苏珊非常感激这些礼物。）”和最后一段中的“Indeed helping and loving people is not in vain. （的确，帮助和爱人们并不是徒劳的。）”可知，文章讲述了学校教师苏珊，虽自己身有困难，但仍然帮助他人，最终也获得他人帮助的故事，苏珊的故事表明帮助和爱人们并不是徒劳的，暗示着“善有善报（One good turn deserves another）”。故选C。
七选五
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过汤姆坚持好习惯失败的事情告诉我们承诺的重要性。
1. 根据上文“Tom told himself that 2022 was going to be the year when he finally got his life together. So on New Year’s Eve of 2021, he wrote out all of his New Year’s resolutions. As Tom was writing them down, he got really excited and even became proud of himself, just for thinking of doing all these things.（汤姆告诉自己，2022年将是他最终重新振作起来的一年。所以在2021年的新年前夜，他写下了所有的新年愿望。当汤姆把它们写下来的时候，他变得非常兴奋，甚至为自己感到骄傲，仅仅因为想到要做所有这些事情。）”以及后文“He took full advantage of his time to work out.（他充分利用时间去健身。）”可知，上文提到了汤姆写下新年愿望，说明在新年开始的时候汤姆就强势开始执行这些事情，故E项“随着新年的到来，汤姆一开始就很强势”符合语境，故选E。
2. 根据后文“ ‘You’re not going to work out when you are tired,’ Tom told himself. He didn’t really feel like eating salad. What he felt like eating was a big, juicy burger. And again Tom told himself that ‘I’ve been working really hard over the past few weeks. I deserve a day off.’（汤姆对自己说：“当你累的时候，你是不会去锻炼的。”他真的不想吃沙拉。他想吃的是一个又大又多汁的汉堡。汤姆又一次对自己说：“过去几周我一直很努力工作。我应该休息一天。”）”可知，后文提到汤姆因为累而不去锻炼了，故F项“然而，有一天下班后，他真的不想去健身房”符合语境，故选F。
3. 根据上文“Over the next few weeks, Tom’s good habits started to slow down. He started to sleep in a little bit. He would skip a gym session occasionally, and then almost all of Tom’s good habits were gone.（在接下来的几个星期里，汤姆的好习惯开始变慢了。他开始睡过头了。他偶尔会不去健身房，然后汤姆所有的好习惯几乎都消失了。）”可知，上文提到汤姆的所有好习惯都消失了，即在他开始的地方结束。故B项“基本上，他是在他开始的地方结束的”符合语境，故选B。
4. 根据上文“Personally, I can totally relate with Tom, and some of you probably can too. Why did Tom and most people not stick with their good new habit?（就我个人而言，我完全可以理解汤姆，你们中的一些人可能也可以。为什么汤姆和大多数人没有坚持他们的好习惯？）”以及后文“You might ask yourself, ‘Well, how can I really acquire it?’（你可能会问自己：“好吧，我怎样才能真正获得它？”）”可知，本句是在回答上文关于没有坚持好习惯的问题：主要原因是他们不具备一种叫做承诺的东西。所以G项“主要原因是他们不具备一种叫做承诺的东西”符合语境，故选G。
5. 根据上文“Creating great habits is kind of building a house. Your habits are like bricks.（养成良好的习惯就像建造一座房子。你的习惯就像砖头。）”以及后文“Without it, that house will definitely collapse and you will probably end up exactly where you left off. That is exactly what sets successful people apart from unsuccessful people.（没有它，房子肯定会倒塌，你可能会回到你离开的地方。这正是成功人士与不成功人士的区别所在。）”可知，上文把习惯比喻成砖头，后文则提到房子会因为没有某物而倒塌，可知本句是在说明这一东西是什么：承诺。故C项“承诺就像把砖块粘在一起的胶水”符合语境，故选C。
完形填空
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在一次飞行经历中遇到了一个害怕坐飞机的人，意识到：人要有力量直面恐惧。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我静静地坐在椅子上时，一个男人出现在我旁边坐下，没有吵醒我。A. waved招手；B. skipped跳过；C. emerged出现；D. returned回去。由下文的“sat down next to me”可知，有个男人在作者旁边坐下，说明一个男人出现在作者身边。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。A. waking弄醒；B. calling打电话；C. recognizing认出；D. acknowledging承认。由上文的“When I was sitting quietly in my chair”可知，作者静静地坐在椅子上，应该是处于静默中、不希望被人打扰的状态，所以这个男人没有吵醒作者。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机准备起飞时，这名男子开始发抖，出汗，在椅子上不舒服地移动。A. swinging摇摆；B. sleeping睡觉；C. standing站立；D. shifting挪动。由上文的“the man started shaking, sweating”和下文的“he was afraid of flying”可知，这个男人害怕飞行，所以在飞机上发抖，出汗、坐立难安，在椅子上不舒服地动来动去。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机开始爬升，这名男子开始感到紧张。A. landing着陆；B. climbing爬升；C. diving潜水；D. sinking下沉。由上文的“As the plane was ready to take off”可知，飞机起飞了，开始向天空爬升。故选B。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不知所措，完全被吓坏了。A. completely完全地；B. consistently始终如一地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. barely几乎没有。由上文的“Not knowing what to do”可知，飞机爬升时，旁边的男人很紧张，对此作者也不知所措，完全被吓坏了。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以专注于我的呼吸，呼气五次呼出五次。A. imagining想象；B. reading阅读；C. thinking思考；D. breathing呼吸。由上文语境和下文的“5 in, 5 out”指次数可知，作者也害怕坐飞机，作者当时怕得只能专注于自己呼吸的次数。故选D。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我突然注意到膝盖上有一本我事先正在读的书。A. died away（声音）变弱、逐渐消失；B. rolled away翻滚离开；C. slipped away悄无声息地溜走；D. passed away过世。由上文的“As time”可知，此处指随着时间的流逝。故选C。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我做标记以便自己阅读的那句话 —— 当恐惧存在于我们心中时，让我们意识到它，并对它微笑。A. wrote写；B. marked做标记；C. designed设计；D. printed印刷。由本处语境可知，作者无意间看到了书中做标记的话。故选B。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. passion热情；C. depression沮丧；D. curiosity好奇心。由上文语境可知，作者和那个男人坐飞机时都感到害怕，所以是恐惧存在于我们心中，呼应最后一段中的“the fear”。故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个男人也发现了那本书。A. seized抓住；B. sought寻找；C. spotted发现；D. searched搜寻。由下文语境可知，作者和那个男人开始谈这本书，说明那个男人也发现了那本书。故选C。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个男人拿着它看着我，问道：“这是关于什么的？”A. shouted at大喊；B. pointed at指向；C. looked at看着；D. smiled at对……微笑。由下文的“asking, ‘What’s it about?’ ”可知，那个男人问作者，应该要看着作者提问，呼应下文的“then looked back at me”。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“关于和平，”我立刻回答。A. responded回答；B. repeated重复； C. requested要求；D. required要求。由上文的“asking, ‘What’s it about?’ ‘About peace,’ ”可知，此处是作者对男人提问的回答。故选A。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我仍然很害怕，但我深吸了一口气，说：“我来自以色列。”A. scared害怕的；B. relieved感到宽慰的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. depressed沮丧的。由上文的“Not knowing what to do, I was________terrified.”可知，作者看到旁边的男人坐飞机时表现出的行为，作者感到很害怕，当男人问作者从哪里来时，作者仍然很害怕。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到这一点之前，这个完全陌生的人就在10分钟前与我分享了他家人的照片，甚至还有一个关于他非常私人的事情，那就是他害怕飞行。A. permanent永久的；B. personal私人的；C. potential潜在的；D. precise精确的。由下文的“he was afraid of flying”可知，那个男人把自己害怕飞行的隐私告诉了作者。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为人类，我们真正的力量是我们有能力解决内心的恐惧，并选择采取不同的行动，而改变必须从我们开始。A. resist抵制；B. resolve解决；C. admit承认；D. anticipate期望。由上文的“Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet.”和“Our real power as human beings is our ability”可知，和作者聊天过程中，害怕飞行的男人渐渐平静下来，说明人类有能力解决内心的恐惧。故选B。
语法填空
【答案】
36. literally 37. have made 38. is 39. valuable 40. dating
41. approval 42. to 43. where 44. Having survived 45. that
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最著名的南京云锦的相关知识。
1. 考查副词。句意：南京丝锦，又名云锦，字面意思是云纹锦，因为它像日落时的云朵一样美丽。副词literally作状语，修饰动词means。故填literally。
2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：1600多年来，中国六大著名古都所在地南京的织工以独特的方式制作锦缎。make是谓语动词，结合For more than 1600 years可知，此处指过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语weavers复数，谓语需用复数形式。故填have made。
3. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。“Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics ________ (be) Nanjing yunjin”是“表语+连系动词+主语”构成的完全倒装结构，be是系动词，讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nanjing yunjin单数，谓语用单数形式。故填is。
4. 考查形容词。形容词valuable作定语，修饰名词experience。故填valuable。
5. 考查现在分词。句意：南京云锦是一种可以追溯到公元417年的工艺。本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词短语date back to（追溯到）用非谓语形式，其无被动形式，所以用现在分词（doing）形式，主动表被动，作名词craft的后置定语。故填dating。
6. 考查名词。句意：2006年，经中国政府批准，南京云锦织机和技艺被列入第一批国家级文化遗产。the ________ (approve) of the Chinese government是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词approval作宾语。故填approval。
7. 考查介词。句意：2009年，它被选入联合国教科文组织名单。固定搭配be added to（被增加到……）。故填to。
8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：在2014年夏季青奥会上，云锦被用作南京的另一张名片，其使用的所有物品均由南京丝绸织锦制成。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
9. 考查现在分词完成式。句意：历经朝代和战争，南京云锦展现出强大的生命力。本句已有谓语proves且无连词，动词survive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Nanjing yunjin与动词survive是主谓关系，且survive先发生在谓语proves之前，survive用现在分词完成式（having done）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Having survived。
10. 考查同位语从句。句意：我们相信，它将代代相传，并以现代化的方式呈现给国内外人民。该空引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词belief的具体内容，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
【答案】
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. The relevant details are as follows.
To begin with, a climate change video will be presented, making us know the horrible results of global warming. Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for protecting environment. Though we can’t stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟邀请环保专家Smith先生在“世界环境日”那天做讲座，请你给他写封邀请信。
1. 词汇积累
举办：hold → host
首先：to begin with → first of all
参加：attend → take part in
建议：lecture → speech
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
拓展句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, whose aim is to make us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Though we can’t stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.（运用了让步状语从句和条件状语从句）
读后续写
【答案】
I certainly underestimated the resolve of my students. Mayra made a simple cushion from the collected materials. I think it’s just a temporary pleasure. She would abandon eventually, after all it was uncomfortable to sit on the floor for twenty more days, even with a cushion. However, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.
Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, “Today, I can buy my chair!” With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made. I gave my congratulations to her. She proudly took her “bought” seat at her table. At the end of class, Mayra came to me with another question, “Now, can I save more money and buy Jose’s chair, and then charge him higher rent?” I laughed. Clearly, my goal of improving financial management had been met by at least one of my students and I’m sure those skills will serve her well in the future.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在所教班级设计了一个教室金融体系，帮助学生们学习金融管理技能的同时，培养良好的班级纪律。学生们把赚来的钱都存入作者班的银行，学生没有余额就会失去自己的椅子，有余额的就可以把钱花在课堂拍卖品上，比如零食和学校用品。上学三周后，玛拉向作者提出要买自己的椅子，作者说要花600美元买，玛拉决定在地上坐二十多天来攒够买自己椅子的钱。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我当然低估了我学生的决心。”可知，第一段可描写玛拉（Mayra）用实际行动证明了自己买椅子的决心，这让作者感到惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容“两周后，玛拉来到我的门口，宣布：‘今天， 我可以买我的椅子了！’”可知，第二段可描写玛拉（Mayra）买到了自己的椅子，还问作者能否买其他同学的椅子，再向其他同学收取更高的租金，作者听后感到好笑，欣慰至少有一个学生学习到了如何改善财务管理。
2. 续写线索：作者低估学生的决心 —— 玛拉用实际行动证明自己的决心 —— 玛拉宣布要买回椅子 —— 玛拉买到了自己的椅子 —— 玛拉再次提问 —— 作者感到好笑且欣慰
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①放弃：abandon / give up
②购买：buy / purchase
③提升：improve / advance /elevate
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised / amazed / astonished
②自豪地：proudly / with pride
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. However, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made.（运用了省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句）
2021/2022学年度第二学期高二年级期终考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
BRIEFLY NOTED
My Fourth Time, We Drowned, by Sally Hayden. In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee (难民) camp, which afforded her a window into the horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.
Dream-Child, by Eric G. Wilson. This exciting representation of Charles Lamb is the first full-length biography (传记) of the Romantic-era essayist and poet since 1905. Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health. While faced with depression, Lamb was identified as a pioneer and his essays exhibited a look at modern city life.
Run and Hide, by Pankaj Mishra. Mishra’s novel follows three college classmates desperate to escape their lower-middle-class situation, casting a critical eye on self-made men. While two of them struggle with the heights they have reached, the narrator avoids becoming trapped in similar situations by returning to a mountain village to work as a translator. Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.
The White Girl, by Tony Birch. This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen-sixties, centers on an indigenous (土著) woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australia’s policies treated the indigenous people unfairly.
1. What can we learn from Dream-Child?
A. It casts light on the modern rural life.
B. Mary contributed to Tales from Shakespeare.
C. Lamb is of a mild and optimistic personality.
D. Wilson is best remembered for Tales from Shakespeare.
2. Which book will you prefer to acquire a better understanding of liberty?
A. My Fourth Time, We Drowned. B. Dream-Child.
C. Run and Hide. D. The White Girl.
3. What do My Fourth Time, We Drowned and The White Girl have in common?
A. They’re both set in the 20th century.
B. They both focus on family bonds.
C. They’re both set in the same country.
D. They both focus on the disadvantaged.
Located 150 miles south of mainland Australia, Tasmania is known for its wildlife and landscape, including unique plant and animal species. Perhaps its most famous native animal is the Tasmanian devil, a small but violent animal. The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the island’s famous giant tree ferns (树蕨), but was hunted by people until the last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.
A team of Australian scientists have discovered that Tasmania is now carbon negative, meaning it absorbs more carbon dioxide gas(CO2) than it gives off. The team say their findings show the importance of forests in fighting climate change.
Large quantities of CO2 act as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and causing climate change. Many countries have plans to become “carbon neutral” (碳中和), but Tasmania is one of the first places in the world to go carbon negative.
The fact came to light when a team from Australian National University(ANU) looked into the CO2 emissions (排放) of each Australian state. CO2 is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down — especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products. On the other hand, living forests absorb large amounts of CO2. In 2011, campaigners blocked plans to build a large new paper factory in Tasmania, leading to a large decline in cutting down Tasmania’s forests. Consequently, CO2 emissions dropped sharply and allowed forests to continue growing instead. Much of Tasmania’s power comes from hydroelectricity, which does not give off CO2.
Scientists say that Tasmania’s achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO2. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO2. “We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment,” explained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that “the most effective place to do that is in forests.”
4. Which is TRUE about the Tasmanian tiger?
A. It was a small but violent animal.
B. It went extinct because of hunting.
C. Too much CO2 emission put it on the line.
D. Large clearing of trees led to its dying out.
5. What can we learn about Tasmania?
A. Zero CO2 emissions help it go green.
B. Masses of forests help it go carbon negative.
C. It doesn’t need to fight climate change any more.
D. It covers the largest areas of forests in the world.
6. What does paragraph 4 convey?
A. Many CO2 emissions arise from human activities.
B. Paper factories have a great prospect in Tasmania.
C. People are not allowed to cut down trees in Tasmania.
D. Hydroelectricity is the only energy source in Tasmania.
7. What does David Lindemayer probably express in the last paragraph?
A. Carbon is posing the biggest threat to the earth.
B. Forests are the most effective places to trap heat.
C. He’s proud of Tasmania’s achievement in managing CO2.
D. Preserving forests could best help battle climate change.
Currently, video calls are becoming familiar challenges as the COVID-19 forces workers to communicate from their homes and offices.
Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates:as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up.
“The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspects of how we communicate,” said Dr. James Trujillo, the first author of the research at Radboud University, in the Netherlands.
Trujillo said previous research had shown that when we cannot hear someone well, we speak louder, while the team’s recent work shows that when a video call is very noisy, people make their gestures more noticeable. Trujillo and his colleagues reported in a journal how they analyzed video calls between 20 pairs of participants, who sat in separate rooms and chatted freely to each other over a Zoom-like video call for 40 minutes. Over the course of the call, the quality of the video was changed in 10 steps between excellent and completely unclear, with half of the pairs experiencing improving video quality, and half experiencing it in the opposite way. The video quality during the call at each step was the same for both participants. The research tracked the participants’ gestures and aspects of their speech.
The team added that when gestures were not being used, speech was unaffected by decreases in visibility. However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels (分贝) as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as video quality decreased further — in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.
“They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal — speech.” he said.
8. Why do we tend to raise our voices on video call?
A. Due to the poor video quality.
B. In the hope of curing our poor hearing.
C. In an attempt to avoid making gestures.
D. For the sake of generating interest in the topic.
9. What do we know from paragraphs 3-4?
A. Recent findings agree with previous ones.
B. Participants made the video call in equal measure.
C. Integrated factors make for effective communication.
D. Dr. James Trujillo is the first person to look into the topic.
10. What does the underlined word “deteriorated” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Turned better. B. Grew unstable.
C. Became worse. D. Remained unchanged.
11. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Lift up, we can’t catch you B. Cheer up, we won’t fail you
C. Shut up, we can’t reach you D. Speak up, we can’t see you
Susan, a school teacher, has been a source of love for her students and many people. She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.
One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.
Thankfully, Secret Santa stepped in secretly. He works with East Idaho News, led by Nate Eaton, who goes around Idaho spreading holiday cheer this season.
The big day came, and Nate paid this great teacher a surprise visit in the middle of her class. “We’re here because a Secret Santa wants to give presents to your teacher,” he said. Her students shouted in chorus for Susan to open gifts at once. Judging from the way she looked, she seemed to be holding back her tears. She was handed the first box containing $1,000 worth of gift cards from a Craft Store. She loves to visit the store, but never buys things at a regular price. Then, she opened the second box where lay a check for a thousand dollars. She, as well as her students, was obviously astonished.
Susan appreciated the gifts a lot. But there’s more! A gift larger than life was outside waiting for its owner. She was given a box with car keys inside. The kids burst into applause, truly happy for their dear teacher. Out of their school, she couldn’t believe a blue Chevrolet car was hers now.
Interestingly, though also in need, this woman still thought about whom she could help and where the gift should go. No wonder many people, including her students’ parents, love her a lot.
Indeed helping and loving people is not in vain. May we also be generous in giving out love and joy not only this season but at all times.
12. What can people around Susan get from her?
A. Home-cooked food. B. Substantial money.
C. Generous assistance. D. Professional advice.
13. What did Susan struggle with in her daily life?
A. How to raise funds for others.
B. How to earn her husband’s support.
C. How to help as many people as she could.
D. How to go through the daily life with her modest salary.
14. Which can best speak volumes about Susan’s feelings?
A. Astonished and grateful. B. Proud and thankful.
C. Delighted but embarrassed. D. Surprised but ashamed.
15. What does Susan’s story imply?
A. Great hopes make great man. B. Every cloud has a silver lining.
C. One good turn deserves another. D. Luck favors the prepared mind.
第二部分 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tom told himself that 2022 was going to be the year when he finally got his life together. So on New Year’s Eve of 2021, he wrote out all of his New Year’s resolutions. As Tom was writing them down, he got really excited and even became proud of himself, just for thinking of doing all these things. ____16____ He took full advantage of his time to work out.
____17____ “You’re not going to work out when you are tired,” Tom told himself. He didn’t really feel like eating salad. What he felt like eating was a big, juicy burger. And again Tom told himself that “I’ve been working really hard over the past few weeks. I deserve a day off.”
Over the next few weeks, Tom’s good habits started to slow down. He started to sleep in a little bit. He would skip a gym session occasionally, and then almost all of Tom’s good habits were gone. ____18____
Personally, I can totally relate with Tom, and some of you probably can too. Why did Tom and most people not stick with their good new habit? ____19____ You might ask yourself, “Well, how can I really acquire it?” Honestly, there isn’t a simple answer to this, but the best answer is to just think about what you are committing to.
Creating great habits is kind of building a house. Your habits are like bricks. ____20____ Without it, that house will definitely collapse and you will probably end up exactly where you left off. That is exactly what sets successful people apart from unsuccessful people.
A. Why did his New Year’s resolutions fall apart?
B. Basically he ended up exactly where he started.
C. Commitment is like the glue that holds bricks in place.
D. However, one day he found himself gaining 7 kilograms.
E. As the New Year came around, Tom started off really strong.
F. However, one day after work, he didn’t really feel like going to the gym.
G. The main reason is that they don’t possess something called commitment.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A couple of years ago, I was on a flight by myself. When I was sitting quietly in my chair, a man ____21____ and sat down next to me without ____22____ me. As the plane was ready to take off, the man started shaking, sweating and ____23____ uncomfortably in his chair.
The plane began ____24____ and the man started getting stressed out. Not knowing what to do, I was ____25____ terrified. I could just focus on my ____26____, 5 in, 5 out. As time ____27____, I suddenly noticed on my lap the book I was reading beforehand. I noticed the line that I ____28____ for myself to read — When ____29____ is present in us, we bring awareness to it and smile to it.
The man _____30_____ the book, too. Without thinking twice, I offered it to him and said, “It’s a great book.” The man took it and _____31_____ me, asking, “What’s it about?” “About peace,” I _____32_____ instantly.
The man read it a little bit and then looked back at me, requesting, “Where are you from?” Although I was still _____33_____, I took a deep breath and said, “I’m from Israel.” Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet. Before I knew it, this complete stranger just 10 minutes ago shared with me pictures of his family and even one very _____34_____ fact about him that he was afraid of flying.
Our real power as human beings is our ability to _____35_____ the fear inside and to choose to act differently and the change has to begin with us.
21. A. waved B. skipped C. emerged D. returned
22. A. waking B. calling C. recognizing D. acknowledging
23. A. swinging B. sleeping C. standing D. shifting
24. A. landing B. climbing C. diving D. sinking
25. A. completely B. consistently C. temporarily D. barely
26. A. imagining B. reading C. thinking D. breathing
27. A. died away B. rolled away C. slipped away D. passed away
28. A. wrote B. marked C. designed D. printed
29. A. fear B. passion C. depression D. curiosity
30. A. seized B. sought C. spotted D. searched
31. A. shouted at B. pointed at C. looked at D. smiled at
32. A. responded B. repeated C. requested D. required
33. A. scared B. relieved C. surprised D. depressed
34. A. permanent B. personal C. potential D. precise
35. A. resist B. resolve C. admit D. anticipate
第四部分 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin, ____36____ (literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China, ____37____ (make) brocades in a unique way.
Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics ____38____ (be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the ____39____ (value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements.
Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____40____ (date) back to 417 AD. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the ____41____ (approve) of the Chinese government. In 2009, it was selected and added ____42____ the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games, ____43____ all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade.
____44____ (survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. We hold the belief _____45_____ it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad.
第五部分
假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟邀请环保专家Smith先生在“世界环境日”那天做讲座，请你给他写封邀请信。内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；
2. 讲座内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my first year as a middle school math teacher, I designed and tried a classroom money system to motivate and engage my students. Each day, students who came to class well prepared earned a salary of 25 “royal” dollars. From the salary earned, the students paid monthly rent on their chairs and taxes on their classroom materials. My goals for the program were to help students learn the importance of financial management while promoting positive classroom behavior.
I gave students daily opportunities to earn additional salary such as 10 dollars for catching my errors, 50 dollars for good mathematical arguments, and 100 dollars for outdoing an assessment. Students put any money they earned in our class bank. As the banker, I maintained the accounts and informed students of dangerously low balances. After all, students knew what happened when they didn’t have the money to pay rent, and none wanted to lose his or her chair. After the students paid their rent, taxes and any fines, they could spend their remaining money on class auction (拍卖) items like snacks and school supplies.
My system worked beautifully and the students were fully engaged. They soon realized that use of inappropriate language or coming late to class was not financially beneficial.
Three weeks into school Mayra met me at the door with a question.
“How much would it cost to buy my chair?”
“Buy your chair?”
“Well, if I could buy my chair, I won’t have to pay you rent each month. Then I’ll have more money to spend at the auction.”
“If you prefer to save your money and purchase your chair, you can buy it for 600 dollars.”
“So if I sit on the floor for twenty more days, I’ll have enough money to buy my chair?”
“Absolutely!”
She and several of her table mates began to gather their materials and returned to the floor of our classroom. I thought to myself, “This won’t last long.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I certainly underestimated the resolve of my students.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, “Today, I can buy my chair!”
_______________________________________________________________________________
##########################################
阅读理解
【答案】1-3 BCD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本书的故事梗概。
1. 细节理解题。由Dream-Child中的“Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health.（兰姆和他的妹妹玛丽也许作为《莎士比亚故事集》的合著者最值得纪念，他照顾他身体差的妹妹。）”可知，玛丽是《莎士比亚故事集》的合著者，说明她对《莎士比亚故事集》有贡献。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。由Run and Hide中的“Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.（这部小说写得很清楚，使读者深入了解了自由的思想。）”可知，Run and Hide能帮助读者更好地理解自由。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。由My Fourth Time, We Drowned中的“In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee (难民) camp, which afforded her a window into the horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.（2018年，爱尔兰记者海登从一名被关在难民营的男子那里收到了一条Facebook消息，这为她了解非洲难民面临的恐怖提供了一扇窗户。通过对相关人员的采访，海登了解到他们被毫不留情地虐待并被当作商品出售，欧盟等西方机构对此视而不见。）”和The White Girl中的“This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen-sixties, centers on an indigenous (土著的) woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australia’s policies treated the indigenous people unfairly.（这部小说以二十世纪六十年代澳大利亚一个偏远小镇为背景，以一位土著妇女奥黛特和她的孙女为中心。当奥黛特试图保护她的孙女时，她发现社会上存在着不平等。伯奇举例说明了澳大利亚的政策是如何不公平地对待土著人民的。）”可知，My Fourth Time, We Drowned和The White Girl的共同点在于它们都关注弱势群体。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了塔斯马尼亚州是世界上第一个碳负排放的地区之一，该地区通过减少森林砍伐，使得二氧化碳排放量急剧下降，这一成就表明了森林在管理二氧化碳方面的重要作用。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the island’s famous giant tree ferns, but was hunted by people until the last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.（该岛也是大型的像狼一样的塔斯马尼亚虎的家园。它生活在岛上著名的巨型树蕨中，但一直被人们猎杀，直到1936年最后一只已知的动物死于动物园。）”可知，塔斯马尼亚虎因狩猎而灭绝。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Scientists say that Tasmania’s achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO2. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO2.（科学家说，塔斯马尼亚的成就表明了森林在管理二氧化碳方面的重要作用。他们说，保护世界各地的森林可以帮助许多国家吸收更多的二氧化碳。）”可知，大量的森林有助于减少碳排放。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The fact came to light when a team from Australian National University(ANU) looked into the CO2 emissions (排放) of each Australian state. CO2 is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down — especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products.（当澳大利亚国立大学〔ANU〕的一个研究小组调查澳大利亚各州的二氧化碳排放量时，这一事实才浮出水面。二氧化碳是通过燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气发电等活动产生的，但当森林被砍伐时，二氧化碳也会释放出来，尤其是当木材被用于制造纸张和类似产品时。）”可知，本段主要表达出许多二氧化碳排放源于人类活动。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“ ‘We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment,’ explained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that ‘the most effective place to do that is in forests.’（“我们需要在环境中储存更多的碳，”澳大利亚国立大学的大卫·林德迈尔教授解释道，并补充道“最有效的地方是森林。”）”可知，因为森林是最有效的储存碳的地方，所以大卫·林德迈尔在最后一段可能表达了保护森林最有助于应对气候变化。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，解释了为什么我们最终会在视频通话中对同事提高嗓门 —— 因为人们在视频通话中看不到对方的手势，所以随着视频质量的下降，我们会更大声地说话。
1. 细节理解题。由第二段“Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates: as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures(手势) in an attempt to make up.（现在，科学家们已经揭示了为什么我们最终会对同事提高嗓门：随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补。）”可知，我们会在视频通话中提高声音，是因为视频质量差。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspects of how we communicate（我们在说话时所做的手势以及其他视觉信号，是我们沟通方式中真正重要和综合的方面。）”可知，综合因素有助于有效沟通。故选C。
3. 词义猜测题。由第二段中的“as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up（随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补）”和第五段中的“However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels (分贝) as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as video quality decreased further — in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.（然而，当使用手势时，音量会随着视频质量的deteriorated而增加多达5分贝，然后随着视频质量的进一步下降〔换句话说，当手势不再有用时〕，音量会保持在这一更高的水平）”可知，研究表明随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并使用手势，再结合“随着视频质量的进一步下降〔换句话说，当手势不再有用时〕，音量会保持在这一更高的水平”，此处指音量会随着视频质量的恶化而增加多达5分贝，deteriorated在此处意为“变得更糟（Became worse）”。故选C。
4. 标题归纳题。由第二段“Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates: as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up.（现在，科学家们已经揭示了为什么我们最终会对同事提高嗓门：随着视频质量的下降，我们会大声说话，并改变手势以试图弥补）”和最后一段“ ‘They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal — speech.’ he said.（“他们知道所做的手势对他们的交流至关重要，但他们的同伴很难看到这些手势。因此，他们增加了另一种信号的强度 —— 语言。”他说。）”可知，本文讲述了，因为人们在视频通话中看不到对方的手势，所以随着视频质量的下降，我们会更大声地说话，D项“大声点，我们看不到你”符合文意。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，学校教师苏珊，虽自己身有困难，但仍然帮助他人，最终也获得他人帮助的故事。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段中的“She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.（她帮助一位朋友筹集领养资金，制作被子，卖掉被子，然后把钱交给失去丈夫的同事。她甚至帮助别人重建了厨房。）”可知，苏珊以各种形式乐于助人，所以苏珊周围的人能从她那里得到慷慨的援助。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。由第二段“One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.（有人可能会认为她太忙于为别人做事，没有任何顾虑。可悲的是，她的丈夫正在进行癌症的第三次治疗。她微薄的工资不足以支付他们所有的费用。）”可知，乐于助人的学校教师苏珊生活中也有困境，她要挣扎的是如何用她微薄的薪水度过日常生活。故选D。
3. 观点态度题。由第四段中的“She, as well as her students, was obviously astonished.（她和她的学生显然都感到惊讶。）”和第五段中的“Susan appreciated the gifts a lot.（苏珊非常感激这些礼物。）”可知，对于送给自己的礼物，苏珊感到惊讶和感激。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。由第一段中的“She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.（她帮助一位朋友筹集领养资金，制作被子，卖掉被子，然后把钱交给失去丈夫的同事。她甚至帮助别人重建了厨房。）”，第五段中的“Susan appreciated the gifts a lot.（苏珊非常感激这些礼物。）”和最后一段中的“Indeed helping and loving people is not in vain. （的确，帮助和爱人们并不是徒劳的。）”可知，文章讲述了学校教师苏珊，虽自己身有困难，但仍然帮助他人，最终也获得他人帮助的故事，苏珊的故事表明帮助和爱人们并不是徒劳的，暗示着“善有善报（One good turn deserves another）”。故选C。
七选五
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过汤姆坚持好习惯失败的事情告诉我们承诺的重要性。
1. 根据上文“Tom told himself that 2022 was going to be the year when he finally got his life together. So on New Year’s Eve of 2021, he wrote out all of his New Year’s resolutions. As Tom was writing them down, he got really excited and even became proud of himself, just for thinking of doing all these things.（汤姆告诉自己，2022年将是他最终重新振作起来的一年。所以在2021年的新年前夜，他写下了所有的新年愿望。当汤姆把它们写下来的时候，他变得非常兴奋，甚至为自己感到骄傲，仅仅因为想到要做所有这些事情。）”以及后文“He took full advantage of his time to work out.（他充分利用时间去健身。）”可知，上文提到了汤姆写下新年愿望，说明在新年开始的时候汤姆就强势开始执行这些事情，故E项“随着新年的到来，汤姆一开始就很强势”符合语境，故选E。
2. 根据后文“ ‘You’re not going to work out when you are tired,’ Tom told himself. He didn’t really feel like eating salad. What he felt like eating was a big, juicy burger. And again Tom told himself that ‘I’ve been working really hard over the past few weeks. I deserve a day off.’（汤姆对自己说：“当你累的时候，你是不会去锻炼的。”他真的不想吃沙拉。他想吃的是一个又大又多汁的汉堡。汤姆又一次对自己说：“过去几周我一直很努力工作。我应该休息一天。”）”可知，后文提到汤姆因为累而不去锻炼了，故F项“然而，有一天下班后，他真的不想去健身房”符合语境，故选F。
3. 根据上文“Over the next few weeks, Tom’s good habits started to slow down. He started to sleep in a little bit. He would skip a gym session occasionally, and then almost all of Tom’s good habits were gone.（在接下来的几个星期里，汤姆的好习惯开始变慢了。他开始睡过头了。他偶尔会不去健身房，然后汤姆所有的好习惯几乎都消失了。）”可知，上文提到汤姆的所有好习惯都消失了，即在他开始的地方结束。故B项“基本上，他是在他开始的地方结束的”符合语境，故选B。
4. 根据上文“Personally, I can totally relate with Tom, and some of you probably can too. Why did Tom and most people not stick with their good new habit?（就我个人而言，我完全可以理解汤姆，你们中的一些人可能也可以。为什么汤姆和大多数人没有坚持他们的好习惯？）”以及后文“You might ask yourself, ‘Well, how can I really acquire it?’（你可能会问自己：“好吧，我怎样才能真正获得它？”）”可知，本句是在回答上文关于没有坚持好习惯的问题：主要原因是他们不具备一种叫做承诺的东西。所以G项“主要原因是他们不具备一种叫做承诺的东西”符合语境，故选G。
5. 根据上文“Creating great habits is kind of building a house. Your habits are like bricks.（养成良好的习惯就像建造一座房子。你的习惯就像砖头。）”以及后文“Without it, that house will definitely collapse and you will probably end up exactly where you left off. That is exactly what sets successful people apart from unsuccessful people.（没有它，房子肯定会倒塌，你可能会回到你离开的地方。这正是成功人士与不成功人士的区别所在。）”可知，上文把习惯比喻成砖头，后文则提到房子会因为没有某物而倒塌，可知本句是在说明这一东西是什么：承诺。故C项“承诺就像把砖块粘在一起的胶水”符合语境，故选C。
完形填空
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在一次飞行经历中遇到了一个害怕坐飞机的人，意识到：人要有力量直面恐惧。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我静静地坐在椅子上时，一个男人出现在我旁边坐下，没有吵醒我。A. waved招手；B. skipped跳过；C. emerged出现；D. returned回去。由下文的“sat down next to me”可知，有个男人在作者旁边坐下，说明一个男人出现在作者身边。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。A. waking弄醒；B. calling打电话；C. recognizing认出；D. acknowledging承认。由上文的“When I was sitting quietly in my chair”可知，作者静静地坐在椅子上，应该是处于静默中、不希望被人打扰的状态，所以这个男人没有吵醒作者。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机准备起飞时，这名男子开始发抖，出汗，在椅子上不舒服地移动。A. swinging摇摆；B. sleeping睡觉；C. standing站立；D. shifting挪动。由上文的“the man started shaking, sweating”和下文的“he was afraid of flying”可知，这个男人害怕飞行，所以在飞机上发抖，出汗、坐立难安，在椅子上不舒服地动来动去。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机开始爬升，这名男子开始感到紧张。A. landing着陆；B. climbing爬升；C. diving潜水；D. sinking下沉。由上文的“As the plane was ready to take off”可知，飞机起飞了，开始向天空爬升。故选B。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不知所措，完全被吓坏了。A. completely完全地；B. consistently始终如一地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. barely几乎没有。由上文的“Not knowing what to do”可知，飞机爬升时，旁边的男人很紧张，对此作者也不知所措，完全被吓坏了。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以专注于我的呼吸，呼气五次呼出五次。A. imagining想象；B. reading阅读；C. thinking思考；D. breathing呼吸。由上文语境和下文的“5 in, 5 out”指次数可知，作者也害怕坐飞机，作者当时怕得只能专注于自己呼吸的次数。故选D。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我突然注意到膝盖上有一本我事先正在读的书。A. died away（声音）变弱、逐渐消失；B. rolled away翻滚离开；C. slipped away悄无声息地溜走；D. passed away过世。由上文的“As time”可知，此处指随着时间的流逝。故选C。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我做标记以便自己阅读的那句话 —— 当恐惧存在于我们心中时，让我们意识到它，并对它微笑。A. wrote写；B. marked做标记；C. designed设计；D. printed印刷。由本处语境可知，作者无意间看到了书中做标记的话。故选B。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. passion热情；C. depression沮丧；D. curiosity好奇心。由上文语境可知，作者和那个男人坐飞机时都感到害怕，所以是恐惧存在于我们心中，呼应最后一段中的“the fear”。故选A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个男人也发现了那本书。A. seized抓住；B. sought寻找；C. spotted发现；D. searched搜寻。由下文语境可知，作者和那个男人开始谈这本书，说明那个男人也发现了那本书。故选C。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个男人拿着它看着我，问道：“这是关于什么的？”A. shouted at大喊；B. pointed at指向；C. looked at看着；D. smiled at对……微笑。由下文的“asking, ‘What’s it about?’ ”可知，那个男人问作者，应该要看着作者提问，呼应下文的“then looked back at me”。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“关于和平，”我立刻回答。A. responded回答；B. repeated重复； C. requested要求；D. required要求。由上文的“asking, ‘What’s it about?’ ‘About peace,’ ”可知，此处是作者对男人提问的回答。故选A。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我仍然很害怕，但我深吸了一口气，说：“我来自以色列。”A. scared害怕的；B. relieved感到宽慰的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. depressed沮丧的。由上文的“Not knowing what to do, I was________terrified.”可知，作者看到旁边的男人坐飞机时表现出的行为，作者感到很害怕，当男人问作者从哪里来时，作者仍然很害怕。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到这一点之前，这个完全陌生的人就在10分钟前与我分享了他家人的照片，甚至还有一个关于他非常私人的事情，那就是他害怕飞行。A. permanent永久的；B. personal私人的；C. potential潜在的；D. precise精确的。由下文的“he was afraid of flying”可知，那个男人把自己害怕飞行的隐私告诉了作者。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为人类，我们真正的力量是我们有能力解决内心的恐惧，并选择采取不同的行动，而改变必须从我们开始。A. resist抵制；B. resolve解决；C. admit承认；D. anticipate期望。由上文的“Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet.”和“Our real power as human beings is our ability”可知，和作者聊天过程中，害怕飞行的男人渐渐平静下来，说明人类有能力解决内心的恐惧。故选B。
语法填空
【答案】
36. literally 37. have made 38. is 39. valuable 40. dating
41. approval 42. to 43. where 44. Having survived 45. that
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最著名的南京云锦的相关知识。
1. 考查副词。句意：南京丝锦，又名云锦，字面意思是云纹锦，因为它像日落时的云朵一样美丽。副词literally作状语，修饰动词means。故填literally。
2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：1600多年来，中国六大著名古都所在地南京的织工以独特的方式制作锦缎。make是谓语动词，结合For more than 1600 years可知，此处指过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语weavers复数，谓语需用复数形式。故填have made。
3. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。“Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics ________ (be) Nanjing yunjin”是“表语+连系动词+主语”构成的完全倒装结构，be是系动词，讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nanjing yunjin单数，谓语用单数形式。故填is。
4. 考查形容词。形容词valuable作定语，修饰名词experience。故填valuable。
5. 考查现在分词。句意：南京云锦是一种可以追溯到公元417年的工艺。本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词短语date back to（追溯到）用非谓语形式，其无被动形式，所以用现在分词（doing）形式，主动表被动，作名词craft的后置定语。故填dating。
6. 考查名词。句意：2006年，经中国政府批准，南京云锦织机和技艺被列入第一批国家级文化遗产。the ________ (approve) of the Chinese government是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词approval作宾语。故填approval。
7. 考查介词。句意：2009年，它被选入联合国教科文组织名单。固定搭配be added to（被增加到……）。故填to。
8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：在2014年夏季青奥会上，云锦被用作南京的另一张名片，其使用的所有物品均由南京丝绸织锦制成。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
9. 考查现在分词完成式。句意：历经朝代和战争，南京云锦展现出强大的生命力。本句已有谓语proves且无连词，动词survive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Nanjing yunjin与动词survive是主谓关系，且survive先发生在谓语proves之前，survive用现在分词完成式（having done）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Having survived。
10. 考查同位语从句。句意：我们相信，它将代代相传，并以现代化的方式呈现给国内外人民。该空引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词belief的具体内容，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
【答案】
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. The relevant details are as follows.
To begin with, a climate change video will be presented, making us know the horrible results of global warming. Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for protecting environment. Though we can’t stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟邀请环保专家Smith先生在“世界环境日”那天做讲座，请你给他写封邀请信。
1. 词汇积累
举办：hold → host
首先：to begin with → first of all
参加：attend → take part in
建议：lecture → speech
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
拓展句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, whose aim is to make us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Though we can’t stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.（运用了让步状语从句和条件状语从句）
读后续写
【答案】
I certainly underestimated the resolve of my students. Mayra made a simple cushion from the collected materials. I think it’s just a temporary pleasure. She would abandon eventually, after all it was uncomfortable to sit on the floor for twenty more days, even with a cushion. However, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.
Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, “Today, I can buy my chair!” With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made. I gave my congratulations to her. She proudly took her “bought” seat at her table. At the end of class, Mayra came to me with another question, “Now, can I save more money and buy Jose’s chair, and then charge him higher rent?” I laughed. Clearly, my goal of improving financial management had been met by at least one of my students and I’m sure those skills will serve her well in the future.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在所教班级设计了一个教室金融体系，帮助学生们学习金融管理技能的同时，培养良好的班级纪律。学生们把赚来的钱都存入作者班的银行，学生没有余额就会失去自己的椅子，有余额的就可以把钱花在课堂拍卖品上，比如零食和学校用品。上学三周后，玛拉向作者提出要买自己的椅子，作者说要花600美元买，玛拉决定在地上坐二十多天来攒够买自己椅子的钱。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我当然低估了我学生的决心。”可知，第一段可描写玛拉（Mayra）用实际行动证明了自己买椅子的决心，这让作者感到惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容“两周后，玛拉来到我的门口，宣布：‘今天， 我可以买我的椅子了！’”可知，第二段可描写玛拉（Mayra）买到了自己的椅子，还问作者能否买其他同学的椅子，再向其他同学收取更高的租金，作者听后感到好笑，欣慰至少有一个学生学习到了如何改善财务管理。
2. 续写线索：作者低估学生的决心 —— 玛拉用实际行动证明自己的决心 —— 玛拉宣布要买回椅子 —— 玛拉买到了自己的椅子 —— 玛拉再次提问 —— 作者感到好笑且欣慰
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①放弃：abandon / give up
②购买：buy / purchase
③提升：improve / advance /elevate
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised / amazed / astonished
②自豪地：proudly / with pride
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. However, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made.（运用了省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句）
相关试卷
江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江苏省盐城市响水中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试卷（Word版附答案）： 这是一份江苏省盐城市响水中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试卷（Word版附答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市高二（下）期初英语试卷（含解析）： 这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市高二（下）期初英语试卷（含解析），共27页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
