(新高考)高考英语二轮复习小题多维练03《介词（短语）常考点》(解析版)

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高考英语一轮复习小题多维练(新高考专用版)
03 介词（短语）常考点专练
【练基础】
一、单项选择
1. _________ the remarkably tidy kitchen, the place was a mess.
A. Except B. Except for C. Besides C. Without
2. She knew it was dangerous to visit him at night, but she set out ________ the risk.
A. regardless of B. in case of C. in time of D. because of
3. I managed to find a solution ________ the problem.
A. to B. of C. for D. with
4. I won't feel________ until you come back safely.
A. in harmony B. on the horizon C. on standby D. at ease
5. ________ the challenge, the engineers worked day and night, trying to find quick solutions.
A. In response to B. In addition to C. In exchange for D. In return for
6. My father is a lawyer, and he discouraged me ________ entering the field.
A. into B. of C. out of D. from
7. Our lives may be changed________ recognition by 3D printing in the near future.
A. beyond B. at C. upon D. within
8. Each summer definitely seems hotter than the last. Experts say this bad weather has occurred________ climate change.
A. due to B. leading to C. lack of D. regardless of
9. Important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science ________ increasing computer power.
A. according to B. regardless of C. thanks to D. in terms of
10. ________ me, I don't want to say something about the matter.
A. As for B. Because of C. As a result of D. Thanks to
11. On behalf of our team, I apologize to you for leaving you behind. In ________, it was my carelessness that led to the problem.
A. passion B. effect C. behalf D. outcome
12. — Did she break the vase ________? — No. Quite by accident.
A. on purpose B. with purpose C. for purpose D. at purpose
13. We didn't see anyone all day, ________ a couple of kids on the beach.
A. regardless of B. despite C. apart from D. instead of
14. There is currently no effective vaccine ________ malaria.
A. against B. in C. with D. of
15. ______, important advances have been made in medicine and environment science thanks to increasing computer power.
A. By accident B. After all C. In addition D. On average
16. The judge scolded the lawyer because he didn’t keep his remarks to the topic ________ discussion.
A. on B. within C. at D. under
17. ________the fact that sharks are caught and finned, the number of large sharks around America fall quickly.
A. In spite of B. Due to C. Rather than D. In case of
18. I still have a few sweet memories of my childhood; ________, I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.
A. in turn B. by chance C. in particular D. by contrast
19. Most of the major cities of the world suffer________ traffic jam.
A. for B. / C. to D. from
20. ________ my opinion, English is a very important subject and you should study hard.
A. Under B. In C. To D. On
二、完成句子
21. 正是因为她的耐心，她成为第一个解决这个问题的学生。（强调句）
It was ________ she became ________ the problem.
22. 李华将代表我校去参加“讲好三明故事”比赛。
________ ________ ________ our school, Li Hua will participate in the speech contest of Stories of Sanming Retold in English.
23. 学校要求学生每年平均读20本书。
Students are required to read 20 books _________ _________ every year in this school.
24. 大部分的人都赞成这个提议。
________ the people are in favor of the proposal.
25. 在这个特殊的场合，我想要向你们介绍我敬爱的老师。
________, I would like to introduce my beloved teacher to all of you.
26. 老实说，对于它结束的方式我有一些失望。
________, I was a bit upset with the way it finished.
27. 虽然我们提供医学援助失败了，我相信我们还是有时间采取其他措施的。
________ our failure of medical help, I believe there is yet time for other measures.
28. 他想做点什么事来回报她的帮助。
He wanted to do something _________ _________ for the help that she offered him.
29. 我们在事实的基础上得出了结论。
We drew a conclusion _________ _________ _________ _________ facts.
30. It was a time ________ people were divided geographically, leading to many ________ ________ dialects and characters.
由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同方言和汉字字体的产生。
31. 我们不应忘记为捍卫国家而牺牲的士兵。
We shouldn’t forget the soldiers who died ________ ________ ________ our country.
32. 从那时起，桃太郎和公主过上了快乐幸福的生活。
________ ________ ________, the princess and Momotaro lived happily.
33. 昨天下午我放学回来的时候妈妈还在工作。
Mum was still ________ ________ when I got back from school yesterday afternoon.
34. 医生护士们不顾感染上新冠病毒的危险，在病房里忙碌着。
_______ ________ of the danger of being _______ with COVID-19,the doctors and nurses were busy working in the wards.
35. 为了方便，我把参考书放在书桌附近。
I keep my reference books near my desk _________ _________.
36. ____________ many people might assume, evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans.
与很多人认为的相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人。
37. 英格兰是联合王国中最大的，为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个区。
England is the largest of the United Kingdom, and________ ________ it is________ ________into three zones.
38. 最近，我调查了一下我们班同学对于新英语课本的看法。
I recently surveyed my classmates__________ __________ __________ __________ the new English textbook.
39. 我进来时，我发现Mike坐在教室的后面。(find+宾语+宾补)
When I came in, I ________.
40. 尽管这周天气不好，我们过得还是很愉快。(despite)
We still ________ .
41. 传统文化和习俗是我们民族自豪感的源泉，有助于我们形成民族认同。(national identity)
Traditional culture and customs are ________.
42. 我想去买一本专供英语初学者使用的词典。 (intend)
I want to buy a dictionary which ________ ________ ________English beginners.
43. 希望通过此次活动，大家能有效地提高自己的口语交际能力。
It's hoped that everyone can effectively improve your oral English ________ ________ ________.
44. 为了改善环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。
The town is banning the usage of plastic bags ________________. (attempt n.)
45. 起初我不同意，但转念一想，我意识到她是对的。（用thought的相关短语完成句子）
At first I disagreed, but ________________ I realized she was right.
46. 草原被无情地破坏，形成了影响遥远城市的沙尘暴。 (mercy )
Grassland is destroyed ________ ________so that dust storms come into being affecting distant cities.
47. 不管多忙，他每天都要腾出一小时的时间去健身房锻炼。
No matter how busy he is, he sets aside one hour________.
48. 尽管风吹雨打，我仍然喜欢在外面工作。
_________ the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside.
49. 由于缺少光照，叶子变黄了。
The leaves turned yellow ________light. （lack n. ）
50. 如果你的手机还在保修期内，我们会免费修理的。
Your mobile phone will be repaired free if it is still_________.
参考答案
一、
1. B
【解析】考查介词。句意：除了及其干净整洁的厨房外，这地方一片狼藉。A . except除了……外，连接词，需要接从句；B. except for除了……外，介词，后可接名词；C. besides除了……外，还；D. without 没有，介词。根据句意可知，说话人在评价厨房，除了厨房好点外，其他的都不好，且“the kitchen”是名词。故选B项。
2. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她知道晚上去看望他很危险，但她不顾风险就出发了。A. regardless of不管；B. in case of万一；C. in time of在……的时候；D. because of因为。根据句意可知，明知道有危险，她还是出发了，说明她不顾风险。故选A项。
3. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：我设法找到解决这个问题的方法。a solution to sth“某事的解决方案”是固定搭配。故选A项。
4. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：只有你平安回来，我才会安心。A. in harmony协调一致；B. on the horizon即将来临；C. on standby待命；D. at ease安心、舒适。根据“until you come back safely”可知此处表示“安心”，故选D。
5. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了应对挑战，工程师们夜以继日地工作，试图找到快速解决方案。A. In response to对……的回应；B. In addition to除了……之外；C. In exchange for作为……的交换；D. In return for作为……的报答。根据句意可知，此处指“为了应对……”，用in response to，为介词短语作状语。故选A项。
6. D
【解析】考查介词搭配。句意：我父亲是律师，他不让我进入这个领域。该句使用固定搭配“discourage sb. from doing sth.”，意为“打消某人做某事的念头/劝阻某人不要做某事”，故用介词from，故选D。
7. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：在不久的将来，3D打印可能会让我们的生活发生翻天覆地的变化。固定搭配beyond recognition“完全改了模样；面目全非”符合句意，故选A。
8. A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：每年夏天似乎都比去年更热。专家表示，这种恶劣天气是由于气候变化造成的。A. due to 由于；B. leading to 通向；导致；C. lack of 缺少；D. regardless of 不管。根据句意，可知此处表示由于气候变化，才出现了恶劣天气，故选A。

9. C
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学取得了重要进展。A.according to根据，取决于；B.regardless of不管，不顾；C.thanks to幸亏，由于；D.in terms of依据，按照，在……方面。根据increasing computer power和句意，可知是由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学取得了重要进展。故选C项。
10. A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：就我而言，关于这件事我不想说什么。A. As for关于，至于；B. Because of因为；C. As a result of 由于；D. Thanks to由于。说话者对于某件事情表明态度，可用短语as for sb.(至于某人/就某人而言)，结合句意，故选A。
11. B
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我代表我们的团队向您道歉，把您落下了。实际上，是我的粗心导致了这个问题。A. passion 热情；B. effect影响；C. behalf代表，利益；D. outcome结果。固定短语：in effect“实际上，生效”。故选B。
12. A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：——她是故意打碎花瓶的吗？——不。完全是偶然的。A. on purpose故意地；B. with purpose有目的地；C. for purpose为了；D. at purpose有目的地。根据句意和答语可知，她是偶然打碎花瓶的，由此可知，问句问的是“她是否是故意打碎花瓶的”，“on purpose”意为“故意地”，符合语境。故选A项。
13. C
【解析】考查介词和固定短语辨析。句意：除了在海滩上的几个孩子外，我们一整天没看见任何人。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. despite即使，尽管；C. apart from除了，除……之外；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据句意可知此处表示除了几个孩子外，我们没看见任何人。故选C。
14. A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：目前没有有效的疟疾疫苗。A. against反对，预防，抵御；B. in在……里，在……期间；C. with和……一起，具有，随着；D. of属于，关于，……的。此处指预防，抵御疟疾，故选A。
15. C
【解析】考查固定介词短语。句意：此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。A. By accident偶然的；B. After all毕竟；C. In addition此外；D. On average平均。根据后文内容可知，此处应是对上文内容的补充说明，故排除选项A、B、D。故选C项。
16. D
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：法官斥责律师，因为他没有把他的言论紧扣正在讨论的话题。介词under可表示“正在…过程中”。结合句意，分析句子可知，under与discussion构成介词短语，作后置定语修饰名词the topic，表示“正在讨论中的话题”。其它几个介词无法与discussion搭配。故选D项。
17. B
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：由于鲨鱼被捕获并割下鱼鳍，美国大型鲨鱼的数量迅速下降。A. In spite of尽管；B. Due to因为，由于；C. Rather than而不是；D. In case of万一，假使。根据后文“the fact that sharks are caught and finned, the number of large sharks around America fall quickly”可知，美国大型鲨鱼的数量迅速下降是由于鲨鱼被捕获并割下鱼鳍，due to符合语境。故选B。
18. C
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我仍然对我的童年有一些甜蜜的回忆；我特别记得我和朋友们在山上探索洞穴的时候。A. in turn轮流；B. by chance偶然；C. in particular特别；D. by contrast相反。根据“I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.”可知，我对童年时期和朋友在山上探索洞穴的时候的回忆特别记得。故选C。
19. D
【解析】考查介词及短语。句意：世界上大多数的大城市都遭受交通拥堵。A. for为了；C. to对……；D. from从……。分析句意及句子结构可知，本题考查动词短语suffer from，意为“遭受，经受”，故选D项。
20. B
【解析】考查介词及短语。句意：在我看来，英语是一门非常重要的学科，你应该努力学习。A. Under在……下面；B. In在……里面；C. To到、去……；D. On在……上面。分析句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in one’s opinion意为“在某人看来”。故选B项。
二、
21. because of / due to her patience / with patience that the first student to solve/settle/work out
【解析】考查介词短语、名词和动词不定式。表达“因为”应用介词动词because of / due to；表示“她的耐心”应用名词her patience；表示“第一个解决这个问题的学生”要用动词不定式to solve/settle/work out作后置定语，修饰名词the first student。故填①because of / due to her patience / with patience that②the first student to solve/settle/work out。
22. On behalf of
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。根据句意可知，此处要用“代表”含义。短语on behalf of，意为“代表……”，首字母大写。故填①On②behalf③of。
23. on average
【解析】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少短语on average“平均”，是固定短语，故填on average。
24. The/A majority of
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“大部分”可知短语为the/a majority of，句首单词首字母要大写。故填The/A majority of。
25. On this special occasion
【解析】考查介词短语和名词。结合原文，分析句子可知，“在这个特殊的场合”是句中时间状语，“特殊的场合”用词组“special occasion”表示，“在这个特殊的场合”可用介词on(在…… 时候)处理成介词短语,可译为On this special occasion。故填On this special occasion。
26. To be honest/Honestly speaking
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“老实说”短语为to be honest或honestly speaking。句首单词首字母要大写。故填To be honest/Honestly speaking。
27. In spite of/Despite
【解析】考查介词或介词短语。结合空后的“our failure of medical help”可知，表示“虽然”应用in spite of/despite，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填In spite of/Despite.
28. in return
【解析】考查介词短语。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少in return“作为回报”，是固定短语，故填in return。
29. on the basis of
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“在……的基础上”可知短语为on the basis of。故填①on②the③basis④of。
30. when varieties/kinds/sorts/forms of
【解析】考查定语从句和固定短语。分析可知，第一空处引导定语从句，先行词为time，关系词代替它在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when；第二三空处，应用固定短语varieties/kinds/sorts/forms of表达“各种各样的”。故填when；varieties/kinds/sorts/forms；of。
31. in defence of
【解析】考查介词短语。分析句子和句意可知，空格处为状语，表目的，表示“捍卫；保卫”，可用介词短语in defence of，介词of后接宾语our country。故填①in；②defence；③of。
32. From then on
【解析】考查固定短语。分析句子可知，空处意为“从那时起”，为固定短语from then on，在句中作状语成分。故填From then on。
33. at work
【解析】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“在工作”，应用介词短语at work。故填①at；②work。
34. In spite infected
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“不顾”短语为in spite of，句首单词首字母要大写；表示“感染上……”短语为be infected with。故填①In；②spite；③infected。
35. for convenience
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“为了方便”可知短语为for convenience。故填①for②convenience。
36. Contrary to what
【解析】考查固定短语和宾语从句。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“与……相反”，翻译为contrary to，to是介词，后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词assume缺少宾语，表示“……的”，用连接词what，故填Contrary to what。
37. for convenience roughly divided
【解析】考查固定搭配、副词及动词。表达“为方便起见”应使用固定搭配for convenience；表示“大致”应使用副词roughly，修饰动词；表达“划分”应使用动词divide，由于it与divide之间是被动关系，应使用“be+过去分词”，构成被动语态。故空1填for，空2填convenience，空3填roughly，空4填divided。
38. about their views on
【解析】考查介词和固定短语。结合句意表示“对于”应用介词about；表示“对……的看法”短语为view on，这里是同学们的看法，view要用复数。故填①about②their③views④on。
39. found Mike sitting at the back of the classroom.
【解析】考查现在分词和介词短语。分析句子可知，主句主语是I，设空处为谓语+其他部分，根据提示和句意可知为发现Mike坐在教室的后面，find做谓语，根据从句时态，应用一般过去时，宾语是Mike，宾补是坐，和宾语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词sitting，在教室的后面译为“at the back of the classroom”，根据句意，故填found Mike sitting at the back of the classroom.。
40. enjoyed ourselves despite the bad weather
【解析】考查介词和时态。介词despite表示“尽管”，后跟名词，代词或者动名词作宾语；所以表示“尽管这周天气不好”应用despite the bad weather；enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，根据所给汉语意思可知，应用一般过去时，所以表示“我们过得还是很愉快”应用we still enjoyed ourselves，所以空格处应填enjoyed ourselves despite the bad weather。
41. a source of national pride and help shape national identity
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。a source of...(……的源泉)，national pride(民族自豪感)，help sb. do sth.(帮助某人做某事)，shape(形成)，national identity(民族认同)。故填a source of national pride and help shape national identity。
42. is intended for
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我想去买一本专供英语初学者使用的词典。分析句子结构，该空为定语从句中的谓语动词，固定短语be intended for打算为……所用，符合题意；描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；关系词替代先行词a dictionary，在从句中作主语，是单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填①is②intended③for。
43. through this activity
【解析】考查介词和名词。表示“通过”应用介词through；表示“此次活动”应填this activity。故填①through②this③activity。
44. in an attempt to improve the environment
【解析】考查动词、名词和固定短语。结合原文，分析句子可知，“为了改善环境”是句中目的状语，“为了”可用介词短语in an attempt to表示，“改善环境”可用动词词组improve the environment表示，可译为in an attempt to improve the environment。故填in an attempt to improve the environment。
45. on second thought
【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“转念一想”可知短语为on second thought。故填on second thought。
46. without mercy
【解析】考查短语。without mercy毫不留情地； 残忍地。根据句意，故填without mercy。
47. to work out in the gym every day
【解析】考查不定式和短语。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“每天去健身房锻炼”，分析句子可知，空格处是目的状语，用不定式短语，work out“锻炼”，in the gym“在健身房”介词短语作状语，every day“每天”。故填to work out in the gym every day。
48. Despite
【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管风吹雨打，我仍然喜欢在外面工作。“the wind and the rain”为名词短语，由此判断该空为介词，表示“尽管”，用介词despite。故填Despite。
49. for lack of
【解析】考查介词短语。根据句意空格处是“由于缺少”，用for表示“由于”，缺乏用“lack of”，故填for lack of。
50. under guarantee
【解析】考查介词短语。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“在保修期”，under guarantee“在保修期内”，是固定短语。故填under guarantee。
【练能力】
一、单项选择
1. After a day of activities, you should be ________ a good meal.
A. in the mood for B. at the point of C. on the edge of D. with the help of
2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
3. Taking on this challenge will bring you ______ someone who shares your interests.
A. in exchange for B. in answer to
C. in memory of D. in contact with
4. With May Day ________ , we would like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan.
A. on the contrary
B. on the corner
C. on the whole
D. on the horizon
5. We'll have to revise our original plan the present situation.
A. in return for B. in view of C. in addition to D. in comparison with
6. We still haven’t got the sponsor________ the fact that we’ve written to dozens of companies.
A. regardless of B. in view of C. in spite of D. on account of
7. the great contributions he made to the film industry, the committee awarded Chaplin a special Oscar in 1972.
A. In view of B. In place of C. In favour of D. In terms of
8. —What else do you like doing in your free time ____________ dancing?
—Swimming and playing chess.
A. besides B. except C. beside D. except for
9. My parents aren’t me continuously surfing Internet, fearing that it is bad for my eyes.
A. in charge of B. in favor of C. in need of D. in praise of
10. Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
A. By which B. through which C. which D. on which
11. As long as you’ve paid ____ advance we won’t charge you ____ delivery.
A. by: for B. in; with C. in; for D. by; with
12. According to a study from Yale University, good friends are often genetically similar.________________,good friends can share up to 1% of the same genes.
A. As a result B. In fact C. Above all D. Without doubt
13. Being a popular actor or model, a so-called glamorous job, can be a quite hard life, with a lot of travelling ________ heavy schedules.
A. on account of B. on behalf of C. in regard to D. in relation to
14. The government agrees that it will provide medicine injections emergencies to children experiencing severe allergic reactions.
A. in salute to B. in case of
C. in care for D. in return for
15. the reality，concrete instructions of this machine should be made to larger speeds and feeds.
A. Concerning；cater for
B. Concerning；allow for
C. Considering；apply for
D. Considering；allow for
16. As a command of the instructor，the children called out their names .
A. in turn B. in return C. at times D. in time
17. Some new degree courses will be carried out the current ones，so that students can gain success more easily.
A. in respect to B. in terms of
C. in contrary to D. in parallel to
18. _______, his suggestion is not helpful, though it sounds very interesting.
A. Generally speaking B. On the contrary
C. In particular D. To be honest
19. —Could you possibly tell me what to do with such sort of situation?
—It’s no good asking me all the time, Anna. You’ll have to learn to think yourself.
A. of B. to C. by D. for
20. —Your performance is marvelous. The audience are really impressed.
—I'm on the school drama club. Acting allows me to experience others' lives, which ________ enriches my own.
A. in brief B. in addition
C. in return D. in turn
21. Generally Andrew takes advantage of the public transport, but _____ he drives to his workplace.
A. on schedule B. on average C. on purpose D. on occasion
22. Anxiety about social status leads to high levels of stress, which ________ leads to health problems.
A. in turn B. in order C. in fact D. in short
23. You need stick to your dream ______________ what anyone else says or thinks.
A. on account of B. in place of C. regardless of D. apart from
24. With the development of the Belt and Road, China will contribute more to the world ________ infrastructure investment.
A. in light of B. in defense of
C. in anticipation of D. in respect of
25. China’s economic progress has been made ______ stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection.
A. in response to B. in parallel with
C. in regard to D. in conflict with
26. It was some time before the door opened ________ his ring.
A. on account of B. in view of C. with regard to D. in response to
27. Jay is by nature cheerful and humorous,while his elder brother Jack,______,is always a wet blanket.
A. in addition B. in detail C. in return D. in contrast
28. I truly believe that success should be defined ______ health and happiness.
A. in view of B. in terms of C. in line with D. in sympathy with
29. Their modern style home seems oddly___________among the town's old farmhouses.
A. out of balance B. out of control C. out of style D. out of place
30. The law requires that everyone should be equal ________ race, religion or sex.
A. in search for B. in support of C. on behalf of D. regardless of

二、语法填空
1
Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting.
In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake31. (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 32. the cheeks. This is also common in France, 33. the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 34. universal rule.
During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate,35. (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends36. (hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me 37. (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing 38. (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well.
Wouldn’t it be 39. (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is 40. (wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding.
2
Ms. Mary was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like half her age. She loved driving very fast, and boasted of the fact41. she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished42. a driving mistake.
Then one day, she nearly lost her record. A police car followed her, and the policemen in it saw her pass a red light without43. （stop).
When Ms. Mary came before the judge, he looked at her severely and said that she was too old to drive a car, and that the reason44. she had not stopped at red light was most probably that her eyes had become weak45. old age, so that she had simply not seen it.
When the judge had finished46. he was saying, Ms. Mary opened the big handbag she was carrying and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she47. choose) a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at the first time.
When she had48. （success) done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed both the needle and thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your turn. I suppose you can drive a car well, and you have no doubts49. your eyesight.”
The judge took the needle and tried to thread it. After half a dozen times, he had still not succeeded. The case against Ms. Mary50. (dismiss解雇), and her record remained unbroken.

参考答案
一、
1. A
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：经过一天的活动，你应该有心情吃顿好饭。A. in the mood for有情绪去做；B. at the point of正要；C. on the edge of在...边缘；D. with the help of在...的帮助下。前文说一天活动之后，所以是有心情吃饭，A项符合句意，故选A项。
2. C
【解析】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：人类和动物面部表情的不同之处，在于某程度上人类面部表情可以受到控制。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the degree，关系代词which在句中指代先行词degree(程度)，表示“某种程度”应为“to some degree”，故介词to符合句意。故选C项。
3. D
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：接受这个挑战会让你接触到和你有共同兴趣的人。A. in exchange for交换，调换；B. in answer to响应，作为对……的回答；C. in memory of纪念；D. in contact with接触，联系。根据句意及后文“someone who shares your interests”，结合选项可知，此处指“接触到和你有共同兴趣的人”。故选D项。
4. D
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：五一即将到来，我们要抓住这个机会，欣赏盘山的美景。A. on the contrary 正相反；B. on the comer 在拐角处；C. on the whole 总的说来；D. on the horizon 即将来临。根据“ we would like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan. ”，可知此处表示五一即将到来，故选D。
5. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：考虑到目前的情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划。A. in return for作为…的报答; B. in view of考虑到；C.in addition to 此外；D. in comparison with 与……比较。根据句意可知，此处应该表示“鉴于，考虑到”。故选B。
6. C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我们已经给几十家公司写了信，但仍然没有找到赞助商。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. in view of由于，鉴于；C. in spite of尽管，虽然；D. on account of由于，为了。由语意可知，尽管给几十家公司写信，但是依然没有找到赞助商。故选C项。
7. A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：鉴于卓别林对电影业的巨大贡献，委员会于1972年授予卓别林特别奥斯卡奖。A. In view of由于，鉴于，基于；B. In place of代替；C. In favour of赞同，有利于；D. In terms of从某个角度来看。前文“the great contributions he made to the film industry”是后文“the committee awarded Chaplin a special Oscar in 1972”的原因和依据，所以In view of，合乎逻辑，符合句意。故选A项。
8. A
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——除了跳舞，在你的空闲时间你还喜欢做别的什么事情？——游泳和下棋。A.besides除了……还有；B.except把……排除在外；C.beside在……旁边；D.except for除去总体中的例外情况。根据句意，此处表示除了跳舞之外还有其它什么爱好，跳舞是包含在内的。故选A项。
9. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我的父母不赞成我连续上网，担心它对我的视力有害。A. in charge of负责；B. in favor of赞成；C. in need of需要 ；D. in praise of表扬。根据“fearing that it is bad for my eyes.”可知，担心对视力有害，所以父母不同意我连续上网。故选B。
10. B
【解析】考查定语从句和介词辨析。句意：学习另外一种语言就好像跨出了一扇房门，通过它，我可以回顾并且更加清楚地明白自己的语言。分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，根据句意可知，通过这扇门，先行词door做through“通过”的宾语，指物，用冠词代词which，by表示方式，on“在……上面”不符合句意，故选B。
11. C
【解析】考查固定短语和介词。句意：只要你提前付了款,我们不会跟你要投递费。in advance,提前；charge...for...“为……要价”，是固定短语，根据句意，故选C。
12. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据耶鲁大学的一项研究，好朋友的基因通常是相似的。毫无疑问，好朋友之间有多达1%的相同基因。A. As a result结果；B. In fact实际上；C. Above all首先；D. Without doubt毫无疑问。结合上文According to a study from Yale University, good friends are often genetically similar.可知研究表明好朋友的基因通常是相似的。即毫无疑问，好朋友之间有多达1%的相同基因。故选D。
13. A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：当一个受欢迎的演员或模特，一份所谓光鲜亮丽的工作，可能是一种相当艰难的生活，由于繁重的日程安排，需要经常旅行。A. on account of因为，由于；B. on behalf of代表；C. in regard to关于；D. in relation to和……有关。根据“a so-called glamorous job, can be a quite hard life”可知，生活艰难，是因为繁忙的日程安排导致了大量的旅行。故选A。
14. B
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：政府同意在遇到严重过敏反应的儿童出现紧急情况时提供药物注射。A. in salute to向……致敬；B. in case of 万一；如果；C. in care for关心； D. in return for 作为回报。根据句意可知，如果遇到紧急情况，提供药物注射。故选B。
15. D
【解析】考查介词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：考虑到实际情况， 该机器的具体说明应考虑到更大的速度和进料。concerning“关于”，介词；considering“考虑到”，介词； cater for“迎合，提供饮食及服务”，allow for “考虑到”，apply for“申请”；根据句意，第一空用表示”考虑到实际情况”，应该用介词considering； 第二空表示在说明机器具体使用注意点时，要考虑到其他的情况，所以用allow for。故选D。
16. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为老师的命令，孩子们依次喊出他们的名字。A. in turn 依次；轮流地；B. in return作为回报；C. at times有时；间或；D. in time 及时。根据句意可知，此处用短语in turn“依次”，指孩子依次喊出自己的名字。故选A项。
17. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些新的学位课程将与现有的课程同步进行，这样学生就可以更容易地获得成功。A. in respect to 关于； B. in terms of 在……方面；从……角度看；根据……来说； C. in contrary to 与……形成对照；D. in parallel to 与……同步。根据句意此处用固定短语in parallel to “与……同步”符合语境，故选D项。
18. D
【解析】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：老实说，他的建议没有什么帮助，尽管听起来很有趣。A. Generally speaking一般来说，大体上说；B .On the contrary相反地；C .In particular特别地，尤其; D. To be honest说实话。根据though it sounds very interesting.可知，此处是两面性来判断，应该是说的心里话，To be honest是“诚实、实事求是，老实地说”，符合题意。故选D。
19. D
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：——你能告诉我这种情况该怎么办吗?
——老是问我没有用，安娜，你得学会自己独立思考。think for oneself是一个固定短语，意为：独立思考，故答案为D选项。
20. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——你的表演太棒了。观众们真的印象深刻。——我在学校戏剧俱乐部。演戏可以让我体验别人的生活，这也丰富了我自己的生活。A. in brief简言之；B. in addition另外；C. in return作为回报；D. in turn反过来。由句意可知，表演不仅让说话人体验生活，另外还让他丰富了生活。故选B项。
21. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。 句意：安德鲁通常乘公共交通工具去上班，但有时他也会开车去。A. on schedule按时，按预定时间；B. on average 平均；C. on purpose故意；D. on occasion有时、偶尔。根据“Generally Andrew takes advantage of the public transport”及表示转折关系的连词but可知此处表示“有时”，故D项正确。
22. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：对社会地位的焦虑导致高度的压力，压力反过来又导致健康问题。A. in turn轮流，反过来；B. in order整齐；C. in fact 事实上；D. in short总之，简言之。结合句意可知，焦虑导致压力，压力反过来（in turn）又会导致健康问题。故选A。
23. C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：不管别人怎么说或者怎么想，你都要坚持自己的梦想。A. on account of由于；B. in place of代替；C. regardless of不顾，不管；D. apart from除了。根据空前You need stick to your dream可知，要坚持自己的梦想，不要管别人怎么说或者怎么想。故选C。
24. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：随着一带一路的发展，中国将在基础设施投资方面为世界做出更多贡献。A.in light of按照；根据；B.in defense of为保卫……；iC.n anticipation of期待着；预计到；D.in respect of关于；在……方面。根据空格后的infrastructure investment推断，是指在基础设施投资方面做出更大贡献。故选D。
25. B
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：中国取得了巨大的经济进步，同时还在节能和保护环境方面加大了努力。A. in response to响应，对……的回应；B. in parallel with与……同时；C. in regard to关于；D. in conflict with与……起冲突。这里表示在经济发展的同时，也加大了节能环保的力度。故选B。
26. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他按门铃后过了一段时间，门才打开。A. on account of 因为，由于；B. in view of 考虑到，鉴于；C. with regard to 关于，对于；D. in response to 回应。开门是对他按门铃的回应，因此选择in response to合乎句意的需要。故选D 。
27. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Jay天性活泼幽默，相比较而言，他的哥哥Jack就老让人扫兴。A.in addition此外；B.in detail详尽的；C.in return作为报答；D.in contrast对比。该句中前文Jay的活泼幽默（cheerful and humorou）与后文Jack的让人扫兴（a wet blanket）形成对比。故选D项。
28. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我坚信成功应该用健康和幸福来定义。A. in view of鉴于；B. in terms of在……方面、从……角度；C. in line with符合；D. in sympathy with赞成。根据“health and happiness”可知此处表示“从……角度”，故B项正确。
29. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们的现代风格的家在镇上的旧农舍中显得很不相称。A. out of balance失去平衡；B. out of control失去控制；C. out of style过时的；D. out of place不合适的，不相称的。结合上文Their modern style home seems oddly可知现代风格的家在镇上的旧农舍中显得很不相称（out of place）。故选D。
30. D
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管你属于哪一人种，信仰哪种宗教，是哪种性别的人，法律面前人人平等。A. in search for寻找，寻求；B. in support of支持，拥护；C. on behalf of 代表；D. regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意，法律面前人人平等，是不管人种、宗教、性别这些因素的，不会区别对待，故选D。
二、
1
【答案】31. is considered
32. on
33. where
34. a
35. leaving
36. to hug
37. frightened
38. strangers
39. enjoyable
40. widely
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。
31. 考查时态语态。句中主语a firm handshake和动词consider是被动关系，此处作谓语用被动语态。表示客观事实，与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填is considered。
32. 考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊，在脸上用介词on。故填on。
33. 考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是France，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故填where。
34. 考查冠词。句中rule是可数名词单数形式，此处表示一种普遍的规律，universal开头是辅音因素，故填a。
35. 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。前面句子与动词leave是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。
36. 考查动词不定式。句中What is common here是主语从句，此处强调具体的动作用不定式作表语。故填to hug。
37. 考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我很害怕，因为我不喜欢拥抱。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故填frightened。
38. 考查名词。stranger是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式，故填strangers。
39. 考查形容词。句意：有一个被广泛接受的问候代码不是很令人愉快吗?此处表示“令人愉快的”用形容词作表语，故填enjoyable。
40. 考查副词。修饰形容词acceptable用副词，指广泛接受的，故填widely。
2
【答案】16. that 17.for 18.stopping 19why 20.with
21.what 22. chose 23. successfully 24.about 25. was dismissed
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲了琼斯太太虽然年纪大了，但是还在开车，一直保持记录从没为犯规被罚款，有一次差点丢了记录，但她还是保住了记录。
41. 考查名词性从句。这里考查同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用关系词that引导。
42. 考查介词。这里介词for表示“由于”之意。
43. 考查非谓语动词。前面为介词without，故用v-ing形式。
44. 考查定语从句。句中的先行词为reason，在从句中作原因状语，故用关系副词why。
45. 考查介词。with 此处相当于 because of，表示“由于”之意。
46. 考查名词性从句。宾语从句中，从句缺少宾语。
47. 考查时态文章整个时态用的是一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时。
48. 考查副词。动词前用副词修饰。
49. 考查介词。这里介词about表示“关于”之意。
50. 考查时态和语态。这里考查被动语态，主语与dismiss之间为被动关系。
【练真题】
1. （2017·全国卷）The car is great_______its power, economy and space, but it is not comfortable.
A. by way of B. by means of
C. in terms of D. in place of
2. （2015·湖北卷）This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ___________ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A. in advance B. in detail
C. in total D. in general
3. （2014·陕西卷）The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
A. by B. of C. in D. with
4. （2014·北京卷）Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.
A. by B. in
C. for D. until
5. （2008·宁夏卷）Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success.
A. to B. for C. as D. by
6. （2014·广西卷）September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
A. by B. for C. with D. in
7. （2020·江苏卷）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A. in exchange for B. in answer to C. in contact with D. in memory of
8. （2020·天津卷）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
A. in the shape of B. beyond the reach of
C. at the mercy of D. on the side of
9. （2020·天津卷）Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am __________ and have to catch the 11:00 train.
A. on a limited budget B. in high spirits
C. on a tight schedule D. in deep doubt
10. （2019·江苏卷）Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees’ professional development.
A. in effect B. in command C. in turn D. in shape
11. （2019·天津卷）________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
A. According to B. Instead of
C. In addition to D. In spite of
12. （2019·天津卷）The captain of the ship was advised to turn back a sudden heavy storm.
A. due to B. by means of
C. in addition to D. instead of
13. （2008·湖南卷）— When did you last hear ______ Jay?
— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed ______ a time and place to meet.
A. of, to B. about, with C. from, with D. from, on
14. （2007·湖南卷）_______the silence of the pauses,we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats.
A. In B. For
C. Under D. Between
15. （2013·辽宁卷） everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your journey.
A. By means of B. On behalf of C. In search of D. For fear of
16. （2013·全国卷）A serious study of physics is impossible _______ some knowledge of mathematics.
A. against B. before
C. beyond D. without
17. （2008·福建卷）You have no idea how she finished the relay race______ her foot wounded so much.
A. When B. with
C. for D. while
18. （2016·浙江卷）That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help.______, he’s reliable.
A. Or else B. In short
C. By the way D. For one thing
19. （2016·浙江卷）The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______ influence the basic
processes by which we see world around us.
A. on B. in
C. at D. about
20. （2018·江苏卷）China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
21. （2018·北京卷）—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.
—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.
A. for B. on
C. in D. at
22. （2018·天津卷）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.
A. at first B. after all
C. above all D. at random
23. （2017·江苏卷）—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—It’s nothing. Just something _________.
A. as clear as day B. off the top of my head
C. under my nose D. beyond my wildest dreams
24. （2017·江苏卷）Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A. in contrast to B. in defense of
C. in face of D. in relation to
25. （2017·天津卷）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ___________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.
A. among B. against
C. behind D. below
26. （2015·浙江卷）Most people work because it’s unavoidable. ________, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A. As a result B. In addition
C. By contrast D. In conclusion
27. （2011·四川卷）Nick, it’s good for you to read some books 　　　 China before you start your trip there.
A. in B. for
C. of D. on
28. （2009·福建卷）-How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
-It’s a challenge, I guess, man against nature.
A. of B. for C. by D. about
29. （2011·浙江卷）I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained _______________
A. on B. for
C. by D. of
30. （2008·江苏卷）--- Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?
--- Because the old one has been damaged ___________.
A. beyond reach B. beyond repair C. beyond control D. beyond description
31. （2007·江西卷）Experts have been warning___of the health risks caused by passive smoking.
A. at a time B. at one time
C. for some time D. for the time
32. （2009·陕西卷）He invited me to a dance after the show_______Christmas Eve.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
33. （2014·福建卷）Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background.
A. due to B. except for
C. along with D. regardless of
34. （2013·江苏卷）I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ______ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
A. On account of B. In response to C. In view of D. With regard to
35. （2009·宁夏卷）Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story.
A. of B. without C. beyond D. in
36. （2011·安徽卷）Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.
A. in B. to
C. on D. after
37. （2011·山东卷）I'm sorry I didn’t phone you，but I've been very busy_____ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with C. among D. over
38. （2012·浙江卷） all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.
A. From B. Of C. For D. With
39. （2008·陕西卷）Elizabeth has already achieved success_____her wildest dreams.
A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon
40. （2009·辽宁卷）Children need friends ______ their own age to play with.
A. of B. for C. in D. at

参考答案
1. C
【解析】考查介词固定短语。句意：就动力、经济性和空间来说，这辆车很好，但不舒服。A. by way of路经，途经；B. by means of依靠，借助于；C. in terms of就…而言；D. in place of代替。根据“its power, economy and space”可知，指就动力、经济型和空间这三方面而言，故选C。
2. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A. in advance提前；B. in detail详细地；C. in all总共，总计；D. in general大体上，笼统地。根据句意可知，此处用in advance“提前”符合语境。故选A项。
3. D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：那个长着一双蓝色眼睛的苏格兰女孩获得了第五届汉语口语大赛的一等奖。A. by凭借； B. of……的；C. in在……里面；D. with带有。根据语境可知，那个苏格兰女孩长着一双蓝色眼睛，故选D。
4. B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。故B正确。
5. C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：让我们学会把我们所面对的问题作为通向未来成功的手段来利用。A.to朝，对；B.为了，对于；C. as作为；D. by通过，凭借。根据句意可知，此处用“作为”符合语境，故选C项。
6. A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。A. by到；B. for为了；C. with 和；D. in在……里。此处by为“截止到……日期”。本句为截止到9月30日。故选A。
7. C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换；B. in answer to回答；C. in contact with接触，与……有联系；D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知，此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。
8. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状；B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配；D. on the side of拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
9. C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：9点的会议不要迟到，因为我的时间很紧，必须赶11点的火车。A. on a limited budget预算有限；B. in high spirits情绪高涨；C. on a tight schedule日程很紧；D. in deep doubt深度怀疑。根据句意和“have to catch the 11:00 train”可知是日程安排很紧，故选C。
10. A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：好的政策事实上都会鼓励员工专业水平的提升。A. in effect实际上，事实上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选A符合语境。
11. D
【解析】考查介词词组。句意：尽管存在所有这些问题，几个运动员还是表现很好。A. according to据(……所说)；按(……所报道)；B. instead of代替，作为……的替换；C. in addition to另外，加之，除……之外；D. in spite of尽管，不管。前后形成让步关系，故选D。
12. A
【解析】考查介词词组辨析。句意：由于突然来了一场暴风雨，船长被建议返航。A. due to由于；B. by means of通过；C. in addition to除……之外；D. instead of代替，而不是。故A选项正确。
13. D
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：——你最后一次收到Jay的来信是什么时候？——今天早晨他打我的电话了，我们就见面的地点和时间达成了协议。hear from sb.(收到某人的来信)；agree on sth.(在某事上达成协议)。故选D项。
14. A
【解析】in the silence意为“在寂静中”。根据所提供的情景“we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost bear our own heartbeats”可判断出在停顿的寂静中,我们能够听到其他人的呼吸声并几乎听到自己的心跳声。
15. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我代表在场所有的人，祝愿你们归途愉快。A. By means of以…的方式; B. On behalf of代表； C. In search of 寻找； D. For fear of担心。根据句意“我代表在场所有的人，祝愿你们归途愉快”。故选B项。
16. D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：不掌握一定的数学知识是没有办法对物理学进行系统地研究的。A.against反对，违反；B.before：在…之前，先于；C. beyond超过；越过；D.without没有。根据句意，不掌握一定的数学知识是没有办法对物理学进行系统地研究的。故选D。
17. B
【解析】考查介词。句意：你不知道在她脚受伤时，她是怎么完成接力赛的。A. When 当.....时； B. with 用, 随着 , 支持 ； C. for 因为 ； D. while当.....时 。with的复合结构在句中作状语，其结构之一为：with +n/pron+done. 本句符合这个结构，且意思符合句意。故B选项正确。
18. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个年轻人诚实，有合作精神，当你需要他的帮助的时候，他总是在那里。简言之，他很可靠。A.否则；B.简言之；C.顺便说一下；D.首先。根据句意和各选项分析，故选B。
19. B
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看周围世界的基本过程。The cultures后面是定语从句，省略that，定语从句中cultures作宾语，那么还缺少一个介词，和cultures搭配用介词in，in the cultures在环境中。故选B。
20. A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与全球对中国与日俱增的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。
21. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。
22. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A. at first起初；B. after all毕竟，终究。C. above all首先；D. at random随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。
23. B
【解析】考查习语辨析。句意：——你T恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么。不过是即兴而为的东西。A. as clear as day一清二楚的；。B. off the top of one’s head不假思索地，即兴地；C. under one’s nose在某人鼻子底下，公然；D. beyond one’s wildest dreams超越梦想。根据空前It’s nothing.可知，此处指“不过是即兴而为的东西。”故选B。
24. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：确定相对于我们周围环境的地理位置仍然是我们生存的基本技能。A. in contrast to与……形成对照；B. in defense of为……辩护；C. in face of面对……；D. in relation to涉及，相对于。根据语境，故选D项。
25. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：当你开车穿过加州的红木森林时，你将会位于超过百年历史的树木之间。 be among 位于……之间； be against 反对； be behind 在……后面； be below在……之下。根据句意，故选A。
26. C
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：大部分人工作是因为不可避免，相比之下，有些人确实喜欢工作。A. As a result结果；B. In addition此外；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In conclusion总而言之。“不可避免”表示一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种对比，故选C。
27. D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：Nick，你在去中国旅行之前最好读一些关于中国的书。in在……里面；for为了；of……的；on关于。on 表示关于，some books on China意为“关于中国的一些书”。故选D项。
28. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：—宇航员们正在探索外太空是多么神奇啊！—我想，这是对人类反对自然的一个挑战。A.of属于......的；B. for为了；C.by由；D.about关于。应答句中的I guess是插入语，因此所填介词与challenge连用，表所属，用of，选A。
29. B
【解析】 考查介词，train for针对工作进行的培训。
30. B
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：你为什么建议我们买一台新机器？因为这个旧的已经损害无法修理。 A. beyond reach够不着； B. beyond repair无法修理； C. beyond control无法控制 ；D. beyond description难以形容。根据“Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?”可知，你为什么建议我们买一台新机器？因为这个旧的已经损害无法修理。故选B。
31. C
【解析】for some time 意为“一段时间”，因为谓语用了现在完成进行时，所以要用for some time，表示从过去的某个时候开始一直延续到现在的一段时间内，专家一直警告说被动吸烟引起健康危急。at a time意为“每次,在某时”；at one time意为“同时,曾经”；for the time意为“暂时”。
32. B
【解析】考查介词。此处介词位于日期前，用on，选B。
33. D
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：我们的俱乐部对每个人都开放，无论年龄，性别或是教育背景。 A.due to由于；B.except for除……之外；C.along with和……一起；D.regardless of无论。这里意思是“无论年龄，性别或是教育背景”，根据句意和语境，故选D。
34. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为：当我收到你的电子邮件时，我总是很高兴。关于7月1日的聚会，我乐意参加。on account of意为“因为”；in response to意为“答复”；in view of意为“鉴于，考虑到”；with regard to意为“关于”，根据“be pleased to attend.”得知，邮件中在讲聚会。所以“关于”符合题意。故选D。
35. C
【解析】考查介词辨析和固定短语。句意：听到她的感人故事后，大家都被感动的说不出话。beyond words“说不出话”是固定短语，故选C。
36. B
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：有时候食品安全问题的正确答案并不难寻。A. in在……里面；B. to到，向；C. on在……上面；D. after在……后面。句子可以变成Sometimes proper answers _____ food safety problem are not far to seek，可以看出词组：answer to food safety problem食品安全问题的答案。故选B。
37. D
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉没给你打电话，可是这几个星期我一直很忙。beyond超越；with拥有；among……之中；over在……期间。通过前半句“I’ve been very busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的几周里”，用over。故选D。
38. B
【解析】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我的所有动物中，这两只狗是对口语单词最敏感的。two dogs所属于all animals，故用介词of表示这种关系，如：many of us，我们其中的许多人，故答案B符合语境。From从；for为了；with有，均不符合语境，故排除。故选B。
39. B
【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：伊丽莎白已经取得了她做梦也想不到的成功。A. at在（某处或某时刻）；B. beyond超过；C. within在……之内；D. upon在……上。根据achieved success和wildest dreams可以推断出此处所填介词意思是“超出、为……所不及”，用beyond。故选B项。
40. A
【解析】考查介词。句意：孩子们需要和同龄的朋友一起玩。Of their own age意思“和他们一样的年龄”，在句中做定语，修饰名词friends。故选A。