高考英语时态与语态课件

这是一份高考英语时态与语态课件，共56页。PPT课件主要包含了 一般将来时， 现在进行时 ，过去进行时 ， 现在完成时，过去完成时 ，现在完成进行时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进 行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态； 主从句时态呼应问题。3、几种时态的替代问题.
1 一般现在时的用法1） 经常性或习惯性的动作1. I ______ ping-png quite well, but I haven’t had time t play since the new year.A .will play B. have played C. played D. play2.---_____my glasses ? ----Yes, I saw them n yur bed a minute ag.A. D yu see B. Had yu seen C. wuld yu see D. Have yu seen 3.We will see t it that every child in the natin ____ gd educatin ,especially thse in the pr cuntryside.A. get B. will get C. gets D .wuld get
1 一般现在时的用法2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。 ①Knwledge begins with practice. ② She said that the sea water is salty. ③In sme parts f the wrld, such as in England , tea ____ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served④----The girl ____ weight recently. ----Yes , she _____ t much.has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats
1 一般现在时的用法 3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语是物：车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this afternn. 4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 ①If it is fine tmrrw ,we will g t the cuntryside. ②----Put these glasses away befre they _____. ----OK. I’ll put them in the cupbard. A. have brken B. are breaking C. get brken D. will be brken
③I’ve brught my tennis things alng in case we _____ time fr a game tmrrw. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are ging t have ④----Can I drive n the free way, Mr Green? -----Yu can when yu _____ a bit mre skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have gt D. get
2 一般过去时的用法 1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。1.----Lk! Smene has spilt （溢出）cffee n the carpet.（地毯） ----Well , it _____ me. A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. hasn’t been D. hadn’t been2.----I’ve bught a bx f chclates fr ur daughter. ---Oh, hw gd a dad! But she desn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Dn’t yu knw B. Haven’t yu knwn C. Didn’t yu knw D. Hadn’t yu knwn3.----Was Mary in the ffice when yu arrived there? ------Yes , but she _____sn afterwards. A. had left B. left C. wuld leave D. will leave
2 一般过去时的用法 2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。I wrte a letter this mrning. 今天上午我写了一封信。（信已写完）② I was writing a letter this mrning. 今天上午我在写一封信。（正在写，不一定写完）
1.----Has Tmmy finished his jb yet? ----I have n idea f it ; he ____ it this mrning. A. was ding B. had been ding C. has dne D. did2.As she ____ the newspaper, Granny ______asleep. A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell3.All mrning as she waited fr the medical reprt frm the dctr, her nervusness_____. A. has grwn B. is grwing C. grew D. had grwn4.---I’m srry , I shuldn’t have been s rude t yu. -----Yu _____ yur temper but that’s OK. A. have lst B. had lst C. did lse D. were lsing.
1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注定要发生的事情。2 .表示将来时的四种形式①will /shall +动词原形②be ging t d ③be abut t d(正要干什么)④be t d
① be ging t 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。 ----The telephne is ringing. ----I _____ answer it.A. will B. am ging t C. am t D. am abut t ---Alice, why didn’t yu cme yesterday? ---I _____, but I had an unexpected visitr. A. had B. wuld C. was ging t D. did ②be ging t 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will 不能表示 Lk at the cluds! It’s ging t rain.
3. be t和be ging t ①表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。 ②be t d 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，有时=be ging tbe t 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事.be ging t 表示主观的打算或计划。I am t play ftball tmrrw afternn.I'm ging t play ftball tmrrw afternn.
4．be abut t d 表示“正要干什么…”， 表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与when 连用，when 此时意思： 就在这时，是并列连词 构成句型： …be abut t d …when…. I was abut t leave when it rained.
特别注意（1）一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tmrrw.(尽管有tmrrw, 但没有will ,be ging t )（2）某些瞬间动词“g, cme, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 I’ve wn a hliday fr tw t Flria. I ______my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been
1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2．表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不一定正在进行。①I dn’t really wrk here. I’m helping until the new secretary cmes.②Selecting a mbile phne fr persnal use is n easy task because technlgy___ s rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change③ ----Ann wrks very hard. ----In fact. I think she ______ just nw.A. studied B. is studying C. studies D. will stud
④ Please call again. Jim _____ a bath just nw. A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has ⑤My mney _____. I must g t the bank t draw sme f my savings ut f befre I’ve nne in hand.A. has run ut B. is running ut C. has been run ut D. is being run ut ⑥I can guess yu were in a hurry. Yu _____ yur sweater inside ut. A. had wrn B. wre C. are wearing D. were wearing
特殊用性： 现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：g ,cme, leave, begin, arrive ,return, fly, drive，take等。 We’re mving t the new building next week. 现在进行时与always, cntinually , cnstantly, never 等连用，表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。 Yu are always frgetting the imprtant things.
1.Yu _____things abut . Lk, what a mess in yu rm!A. always thrw B. have always thrwn C. are always thrwing D. have always been thrwn2.Yu ______ televisin. Why nt d smething mre active? A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching
3．有些词不用于进行时态：表示“存在、所有、知觉、认应付，感情”等状态存在： keep ,stay , remain , be, cnsist f , cntain所有： have ,belng t , pssess, wn , hld 知觉： sund(听起来)， lk /seem /appear (看起来)， (看起来), smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）,feel (摸起来) ， see , hear , 认识： understand, knw, suppse, remember, admit, frget, believe, think情感：like, lve, hate , prefer,
1．表示 过去某一时间正进行的动作 。通常有时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。 1.---Hey ,lk where yu are ging? -----Oh, I’m terribly srry ._______. A. I’m nt nticing B. I dn’t nticing C. I haven’t nticing D. I was n’t nticing 2.-----Hey ,what did I say? -----I _________. A. I’m nt listening B. I was nt listening C. I dn’t listened D. I didn’t listen
2． 表示 过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。③-----Why didn’t yu jin us last night? -----I _____ the live prgrams n the war between Iraq and the States. A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. have been watching④----Why weren’t yu at the meeting? ----I ____ fr a lng –distance call frm my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been⑤ Gd heavens ! There yu are ! We ____ anxius abut yu . We ____ yu back much earlier all thrugh the night. A. are , expect B. were, had expected C. will be , are expecting D. have been , were expecting⑥ ----Yu lk tired. ----Yes. I nn stp ____ until twelve ’clck. A. am wrking B. was wrking C. has wrked D. had wrked
3． 在简单句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 ’clck last night 等具体的时间状语用过去进行时态。I first met Lisa three years ag . She ____ at a radi shp at the time.has wrked B. was wrking C. had been wrking D. had wrked特别注意：与always连用，表示感情色彩。My brther was always lsing his key.
1. — Lk! Hw wnderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are yu thinking abut? Dn’t yu like it? — I’m srry I ______ any remark abut it in time. I certainly think it’s smart.A. wasn’t making     B. dn’t make   C. wn’t make        D. didn’t make2. T find the street where I lived in my childhd is n easy task because the city ______ s rapidly all these years.A. is changing        B. has changed      C. will have changed        D. will change3. He ______ quite well, but he hasn’t had time t swim since this summer.A. will swim       B. have swum   C. swam            D. swims4. Jimmy said that he wuld cme t pick me up, but he ____by nw.A. hasn’t turned up     B. desn’t turn up    C. wn’t turn up         D. hadn’t turned up
5. I’m terribly srry fr being late, but I _____ the wrng bus.A. catch          B. had caught      C. caught             D. catching7. The truth, sir, is that the ld man _______ acrss the rad when my car hit him.A. was t walk         B. had been walking     C. walked           D. was walking8. I really dn’t think Rse will be upset, but I will g and see her in case she _____.A. is                   B. des           C. will be              D. has been9. The cmputers made by ur cmpany sell best, but several years ag n ne culd have imagined the rle in the markets that they _________.A. were playing          B. were t play    C. had played             D. played
10. — Kate is in hspital. — Oh, really? I _______. ________ visit her.A. didn’t knw; I’ll g and      B. dn’t knw; I’ll g andC. dn’t knw; I’m ging t        D. didn’t knw; I’m ging t11. — Where _______ the guidebk? I can’t see it anywhere. — I _______ it right here, but nw it’s gne.A. did yu put; have put            B. had yu put; have putC. have yu put; put                  D. were yu putting; put14. — D yu live in this city? — N, we ______ it fr hlidays.A. just visit     B. just visited   C. are just visiting   D. have visited15. — Hw is the ld man nw? — Srry, he ______ thugh they did all they culd t save him.A. was dead        B. had died       C. has been dead       D. died
16.The lake will be further plluted unless sme measures ______.A. will be taken     B. are taken     C. were taken   D. had been taken 17. I’m afraid it will be tw mnths ______.A. when I cme back   B. when I’ll cme back  C. befre I cme back  D. befre I’ll cme back18.The wrkers _____ busily when the bss came t lk fr smething he ______ in the ffice.A. had wrked, had left   B. were wrking ; had left C. wrking ; had left  D. had wrked; left19.The ntice ______ “N smking”.  A. is tld     B. reads          C. tells       D. is read
1．表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 有时没有时间状语，有时有时间状语。They have cleaned the classrm.(They cleaned the classrm and the classrm is clean nw.)2． 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。He hasn’t given me any mre truble since then.
②----When did he g t America? -----Oh, he ______ there since half a year ag. A. went B. has been C. has gne D. was③Shelly _____ Califrnia fr Texas and ____ there ever since. Yu can g and pay her a visit n yur way t Mexic. A. left, wrked B. has left, had wrked C. left, has wrked D. has left , wrked④Cllecting stamps as a hbby ____ increasingly ppular during the past fifty years.]A. becmes B. became C. has becme D. had becme⑤ ----Hw are yu tday? ---Oh , I ____ as ill as I d nw fr a very lng time. A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. dn’t feel D. haven’t felt⑥ Rber ____ me his address the ther day, but I’m afraid I ___ it . A. had given, lst B. has given , have lst C. gave, have lst D. gives, lst
1表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。请记住：by the end f +过去时间be the time +从句（用一般过去时）引导的句子或主句用过去完成时）①The film had already begun when I gt there.②They had left befre I returned. ③We had finished the wrk by last mnth( by the time he came.)
2 表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。I had been at the bus stp fr 20 minutes when a bus finally came.3 用于hardly …when ;n sner …than …（一….就…）等句子中。Hardly had we arrived when she started cmplaining.4 hpe ,think expect ,intend ,mean ,suppse ,want ,imagine等，用于过去完成时，表示过去未实现的希望或意图。I had hped t be able t take my seat in all this nise withut being fund. 我本希望能乘着这些噪音不被发现地坐到位置上。（但实际上未实现）
5 It is the first time +从句（从句用现在完成时）； It was the first time +从句（用过去完成时）。 It is the first time that I’ve been here. It was the first time that he had ever spken t me in such a tune.6 用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。If I had knwn yur telephne number yesterday, I wuld have telephned yu .
1. The ld man _____ tw days after he had been sent t hspital.   A. died B. wuld die C. had died D. has died  2. Old McDnald gave up smking fr a while, but sn ______ t his ld ways.   A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned  3. I _____ my sn _____ a dctr, but he wasn’t gd enugh at science.   A. hped; wuld becme B. had hped; wuld becme   C. had hped; will becme D. hpe; will becme  4. I _____ t take a gd hliday this year, but I wasn’t able t get away.   A. hpe B. have hped C. had hped D. hped  5. Helen _____ her key in the ffice s she had t wait until her husband _____ hme. A. has left; cmes B. left; had cme C. had left; came D. had left; wuld cme  
构成：have /has been ding表示过去某一动作状态一直持续到现在，也可能将持续下去。 ----Isn’t it hard t drive dwntwn t wrk? ---Yes, that’ why I _____ t wrk by train. A. have been ging B. have gne C. was ging D. will have gne
9.将来完成时： will / shall +have dne 表示将来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示将来时间的状语连用，如： by the end f+将来时间的短语, by the time +从句（从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时），这时句子或主句应用将来完成时 We will have finished the wrk by the time he cmes 一般将来进行时； will be dng / shall be ding 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作 What will yu be ding this time tmrrw?
1.By the end f this mnth, we surely ____ a satisfactry slutin t the prblem. A. have fund B. will be fund C. will have fund D. are finding 2.The cnference ____ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted 　　B. will have lastedC. wuld last 　　 D. has lasted
1.He stepped int the ffice, _____ dwn and began t fill in the frms. A. sitting B. t sit C. sat D. having it2.She said she wuld telephne but we _____frm her s far. A.haven’t heard B.didn’t hear C.hadn’t heard D.wn’t hear3.When I gt t the cinema, the film____fr ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been n D.was4.I’ll g with yu as sn as I____my hmewrk. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing it_____tmrrw,I wn’t g t the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining is ging t be a nurse when she_____up. A.is ging t grw B.grws C.grwing D.grew
7.“这本书我已经买了三个月了。”，下列哪一句不对？ A.I have had this bk fr three mnths. B.I have bught this bk fr three mnths. C.I bught this bk three mnths ag. D.It is three mnths since I bught this bk.8.— Cme in, Peter, I want t shw yu smething. — Oh, hw nice f yu! I _____ yu _____ t bring me a gift. A.never think; are ging B.never thught; were ging C.didn’t think; were ging D.had’t thught; were ging9.When I was at cllege I _____ three freign languages,but I _____ all except fr a few wrds f each. A.spke;had frgtten B.spke;have frgtten C.had spken;had frgtten D.had spken;have frgtten10.The plice fund that the huse _____ and a lt f things ____. A.has brken int; has been stlen B.had brken int; had been stlen C.has been brken int; stlen D.had been brken int; stlen
11.The vlleyball match will be put ff if it____. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining12.Mary _____ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes13.The students _____ busily when Miss Brwn went t get a bk she _____ in the ffice. A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left14. — Have yu mved int the new huse? — N yet, the rms _____, A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting15. — We haven’t heard frm Jane fr a lng time. — What d yu suppse ____ t her? A. was happening B. t happen C. has happened D. having happened
16. — D yu knw ur twn at all? — N, this is the first time I _____ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am cming17. — We culd have walked t the statin.It was s near. — Yes, A taxi _____ at all necessary. A. wasn’t B. hadn’t been C. wuldn’t be D. wn’t be18.If city nises _____ frm increasing, peple _____ shut t be heard even at the dinner table 20 years frm nw. A. are nt kept; will have t B. are nt kept; have t C. d nt keep; will have t D. d nt keep; have t19.Tm _____ int the huse when n ne _____. A. slipped; was lking B. had slipped; lked C. slipped; had lked D. was slippping; lked20.The last time I _____ Jane she ____ cttn in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picking C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking
几种时态的替代问题A：一般现在时代替将来时 ： 除了在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时外，表示现在已安排好的未来事项，行程等活动也用一般现在时来代替将来时。如： 　 The museum pens at ten tmrrw.　博物馆明天10点开门。(实际上每天如此。) B：一般现在时代替完成时： 句型 “It is … since…”代替“It has been … since …” It is (= has been) five years since we last met C：一般现在时代替进行时： 在全部倒装句中都用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如： Lk, here cmes Mr. Li.
祈使句中的动词问题1. _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can d. A. When leftB. LeavingC. If yu leaveD. Leave2. _____ sme f this juice --- perhaps yu’ll like it. A. TryingB. TryC. T tryD. Have tried3. _____ at the dr befre entering, please. A. knckedB. T knckC. KnckingD. Knck4. _____ bld if yu can and many lives will be saved.A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. T give
1、现在时态Mnths ag we sailed ten thusand miles acrss this pen sea, which ___ the Pacific, and we met n strms. A．was called  B．is called  C．had been called  D．has been called2. I _____ ping-png quite well, but I haven’t had time t play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
说明：本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时，但“被称为太平洋”是客观现状，只能用一般现在时。
说明：常识告诉我们，一个人一旦获得某种技能，一般是不会在短期内失去的，所以需用一般现在时。
3. Since I wn the big prize, my telephne hasn't stpped ringing. Peple _____ t ask hw I am ging t spend the mney. A. phne   B. will phne   C. were phning D. are phning 4. Selecting a mbile phne fr persnal use is n easy task because technlgy _____ s rapidly. A. is changingB. has changed C. will have changedD. will change
说明：自从我赢了大奖，人们不停地打电话来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。此处的 are phning 表示“不停的打电话”。
说明：选择移动电话难的原因是由于科技正在飞速发展，所以要用现在进行时；况且进行时态常给人一种情感上的描述，表示说话者的一种“感慨、赞赏、愤怒、斥责”等。
5. _____ my sister three times tday but her line was always busy. 　　A. I’d phned B. I’ve been phning 　　C. I’ve phned D. I was phning 6. --- Yu haven’t been t Beijing, have yu? --- _____. Hw I wish t g there! A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I haven’t C. N, I haveD. N, I haven’t
说明：此题的干扰源是后面的 was busy。今天打了三次电话是用来表示结果的，只能用现在完成时；而每次她都占线是表示过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。
说明：从补充的句子 “Hw I wish t g there!”可知“我”没到过北京。
7. --- Hi, Tracy, yu lk tired. --- I am tired. I _____ the living rm all day. A. paintedB. had painted C. have been paintingD. have painted8. Nw that she is ut f a jb, Lucy______ ging back t schl, but she hasn’t decided yet. A had cnsideredB has been cnsidering C cnsideredD is ging t cnsider
说明：这句话的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”，现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“一直在做”。
说明：她“一直在考虑返校”是现在完成进行时，“还没作决定”是现在的结果。
用于现在完成时的句型 1）It is the first / secnd time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。 　 It is the first time that I have visited the city. 　 It was the third time that the by had been late. 注意比较 It’s time that … 结构： It is high time that we went t schl.2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时. 　 This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 　　 这是我看过的最好的电影。 　 This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing.　 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
典型例题 (1) --- D yu knw ur twn at all?　 　 --- N, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was　 B. have been　 C. came　 D. am cming (2) --- Have yu ____ been t ur twn befre? 　 --- N, it’s the first time I ___ here. A. even, cme　 B. even, have cme　　 C. ever, cme　 D. ever, have cme 　 　 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 （错）I have received his letter fr a mnth. （对）I haven't received his letter fr almst a mnth.
2、过去时高考题点击：1. --- Nancy is nt cming tnight. --- But she _____! A. prmisesB. prmisedC. will prmise D. had prmised2. My uncle _____ until he was frty-five. marriedB. didn’t marry C. was nt marryingD. wuld marry
说明：Nancy 答应要来这个动作应该发生在过去，是过去作出的承诺。
说明：until 用在肯定句中时，主句的动词必须是延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到 until 后的时间为止；短暂性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。本题中 marry 是短暂性动词，所以只能用在否定句中。
3. --- Yu haven’t said a wrd abut my new cat, Brenda. D yu like it? --- I’m srry I _______ anything abut it sner. I certainly think it’s pretty n yu. A. wasn’t sayingB. dn’t sayC. wn’t sayD. didn’t say
说明：本题的干扰源来自上下文中的时态，上文用的是现在完成时，下文用的是一般现在时，所以有些人就误以为此处该用现在时态了。但根据说话人的意思不难发现，没有说出自己的评价是在这段对话以前的事了，所以要用一般过去时。
4. As she ____ the newspaper, Granny ____ asleep. A. read … was fallingB. was reading … fell C. was reading … was fallingD. read … fell5. The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, withut undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
说明：一般来说在复合句中的两个动作，延续性的动作大都用进行时，短暂性的动词用一般时，表示在某个动作进行的过程当中另一个动作发生了。
说明：该题的意思为“经理躺在那儿睡着了，衣服也没脱”。“躺”是一个不及物动词，其过去式和过去分词为“lay; lain”。lay 是及物动词，过去式和过去分词为 laid；lied 是“说谎”的过去式和过去分词。
6. The little girl ____ her heart ut because she ____ her ty bear and believed she wasn’t ever ging t find it. A. had cried, lstB. cried, had lst C. has cried, has lstD. cries, has lst 7. — Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting fr yu at the schl gate. — Oh! I thught they ______ withut me.  A．went  B．are ging  C．have gne  D．had gne
说明：哭得伤心发生在过去，而丢玩具熊发生在哭之前。两个发生在过去的动作，之前发生的用过去完成时，之后发生的用一般过去时。
说明：“他没叫我就走了”这个动作明显发生在“我认为”之前。所以必须用过去完成时。
3、将来时1. If a man _____ succeed, he must wrk as hard as he can. A. willB. is tC. is ging tD. shuld2. --- Yu’ve left the light n. --- Oh, s I have. _____ and turn it ff. A. I’ll gB. I’ve gneC. I gD. I’m ging
说明：此句的意思为“如果一个人想要成功，就必须尽力而为”。If 引导的是条件状语从句，不能用将来时。而 be t 结构虽然表示将来的动作，但它不属于将来时。
说明：本句的重点是“并行结构”，关键是看后面的 turn，所以B、C、D、都不符合。
3. By the time Jane gets hme, her aunt _______fr Lndn t attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 4. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ ffice sn. A. leavesB. wuld leaveC. leftD. had left
说明：that 引导的宾语从句中的动作“离职”应该发生在“were surprised” 之后，故需用过去将来时。
说明：by the time 表示“到……为止”“在……之前”，如果主句的动作发生在过去，一般需要用过去完成时；如果是将来，就需用将来完成时。
4、状语从句中的时态问题1. --- Can I jin the club, Dad? --- Yu can when yu _____ a bit lder. A. getB. will getC. are gettingD. will have gt2. In such dry weather, the flwers will have t be watered if they _____. have survivedB. are t survive C. wuld surviveD. will survive
说明：时间状语从句中没有将来时，需用一般现在时替代一般将来时。
说明：条件状语从句中不用将来时，但 be t 结构不属于将来时态形式。