高中英语高考必考知识点整理汇总（共40个）

高考英语必考知识点一、动词短语搭配1.be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He’s fond of swimming.他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?[3] He is fond of his research work.他喜爱他的研究工作。2.hunt for = look for 寻找hunt for a job 找工作3.in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4.care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself.She doesn’t care about other people.她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5.such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。6.drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信7.make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8.stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9.come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10.end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。11.more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。12.bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。13.get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。14.watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。15.see sb.off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。16.on the other hand 另一方面; 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。17.as well as 和，还He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。18.take place 发生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb’s place 或 take the place of 代替、取代19.on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含义。 set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。 Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。 20.on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。 21.travel agency旅行社=travel bureau22.take off [1] 脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。 [2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time.It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。 [3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。 23.go wrong  v.走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障 24.look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。25.run after  追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。26.on the air  广播 [1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。 [2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。27.leave out [1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉, 没用 I haven’t changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。 28.stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don’t stare at foreigners.It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。 [2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着 29.take over  接管；接替；继承 [1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。 [2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。 30.take over  接管；接替；继承 ①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。 ②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。 二、常考句型31.“So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 [1] He’s tired, and so am I.(＝I’ m also tired．)[2] You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)A: I went to the park yesterday．B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)32.“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．)A：You seem to like sports．B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)A：It will be fine tomorrow．B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)33.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。34.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.35.There you are.行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。36.have a good knowledge of sth.“掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句37.Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight.今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj.“可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。38.It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法39.直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。(一般过去时改成过去完成时)I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”→He said they hadn’t finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)  (not) to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.40.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.