Module 8 Unit 2&3知识点详解--2022--2023学年外研版九年级英语上册

外研版九（上）Module 8 Sports life知识点详解Unit 2 He was invited to competitions around the world. ★(A2).【知识点再现】Liu Xiang was not a successful sportsman at first. 一开始刘翔并不是一名成功的运动员。【知识点1】successful是形容词，意为“成功的”，常用搭配be successful in...意为“在……方面成功”。→success是名词，意为“成功的事或人；成功，胜利”（既可做可数名词，意为“成功的事或人”，也可做不可数名词，意为“成功，胜利”）。→successfully是副词，意为“成功地”。→succeed是动词，意为“成功”，常用搭配be succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做成某事”。如：If you really want to be a successful musician, just go for it! 如果你真的想成为一个成功的音乐家，那就去争取吧！The movie was a great success. 这部电影很成功。Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。Tom was operated successfully by the doctor. 医生给汤姆做的手术很成功。They succeeded in swimming across the river. 他们成功地游过了这条河。【知识点2】【辨析】at first与first of all的区别：①at first意为“最初，一开始”，暗示后来情况有变化。如：At first they considered me as a doctor. 起初他们认为我是医生。Although/Though Kevin is alone, he is very happy at first. 尽管凯文独自一人(在家)，但他刚开始还是挺高兴的。②first of all意为“首先”，强调要谈到的第一件事，用来叙述事物的顺序。如：First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。First of all, I must take these magazines to the library. 首先，我必须把这些杂志带到图书馆。 ★(A2).【知识点再现】He was born in Shanghai on 13th July 1983, and started training when he was very young. 他于1983年7月13日出生于上海，当他很年轻的时候就开始训练。【知识点3】on，in与at表示时间的用法辨析：①on用在具体的某一天（如星期、日期或节日）或者某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。如：on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday morning 等。②in用在世纪，季节，年，月，周或某一日中的上午、下午、晚上前。如：in summer；in 2013；in May；in winter；in the morn­ing；in the afternoon；in the evening；in three days等。③at用在某个时刻（几点钟）或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如：at 7:00；at dawn(黎明)；at noon；at dusk(黄昏)；at midnight等。【拓展】this, that, last, next, every, yesterday, tomorrow等词用在morning, afternoon, night及星期的七个词前一律不能加介词。如：I went to Hangzhou last Sunday. 我上周去了杭州。★(A2).【知识点再现】Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. 期初，刘被鼓励训练调高。【知识点4】be encouraged to do sth. 意为“被鼓励做某事”，是被动语态；encourage作动词，意为“鼓励；激励”，其过去式和过去分词均为encouraged，现在分词为encouraging；常用短语为encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”。如：I was encouraged to work hard and prepare for the exam carefully. 我被鼓励努力学习并用心准备考试。Ms Wang always encourages us to speak English in class. 我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。★(A2).【知识点再现】In 1998, Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping, who later became his coach. 在1998年刘翔跨栏赛跑的能力被孙海平注意到了，孙海平后来成为他的教练。【知识点5】ability是名词，意为“能力，才能”，其反义词是inability意为“无能力，无能为力”。常用搭配one’s ability in... 意为“某人在……方面的能力”；the ability to do sth. 意为“做某事的能力”；to the best of one’s ability意为“竭尽全力”。如：I don’t have the ability to say “no”.“不”字我说不出口。She has great ability in playing the piano. 她在演奏钢琴方面很有才能。★(A2).【知识点再现】In 2001, a special programme was set up to help young sportsmen and sportswomen. 2001年创立了一个特殊的项目，用来帮助年轻运动员。【知识点6】set up动词短语，意为“设立；创办”，set up既可指建立某种物体，也可指成立某个组织。set的过去式和过去分词都为set，其被动形式为be set up“被设立；被创办”；set up还表示“制订(计划等)”。该短语为“动词+副词”构成的短语，宾语是代词只能放中间，宾语是名词既可放中间，也可放后面。如：She plans to set up her own company. 她计划创办自己的公司。A new government was set up after the war.  新政府于战后成立。【辨析】set up，found与build的用法辨析：①set up意为“设立；创办”，set up与found同义，常常和表示组织、机构、团体、国家等意义的名词连用，但是found更着重“打基础”。如：The government set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立了工作组来调查这个问题。The company wants to set up a school for the poor children. 这个公司想为贫穷的孩子们建立一所学校。They founded a school for the blind. 他们创办了一亿盲人学校。The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于是1949年。②build意为“建设，建造”，是最普通的用词，常指房屋、桥梁、道路等，也可用于广义。如：They built many buildings in the city. 他们在这个城市建了很多楼房。We are building socialism with China’s style. 我们正在建设具有中国特色的社会主义。★(A2).【知识点再现】Liu Xiang was among them. His races were recorded, and he was compared with the world’s best sports stars. 刘翔就在他们之中。他的赛跑被记录，并且他被和世界上最好的体育明星作比较。【知识点7】【辨析】among与between的用法辨析：①among意为“在……中间”，一般表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之间，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。如：The teacher sat among the children. 老师坐在孩子们中间。My grandpa has a house among the trees. 我爷爷有一座房子在树林中。②between意为“在……之间”，一般表示在两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由and连接两个具体的人或物，有时候也可以表示三个或三个以上的人或物中的每两个之间。如：I am sitting between my parents. 我正坐在我父母中间。I am sitting between Mike and Tom. 我坐在迈克和汤姆中间。【知识点8】record作动词，意为“记录”。record也可用作可数名词，意为“记录”。常用搭配set a record意为“创造纪录”；break the record意为“打破纪录”；hold the record意为“保持纪录”。如：Remember to record the sunrise with the camera. 记得用相机把日出的过程记录下来。She set a record which others can hardly approach. 她创造了别人望尘莫及的记录。【知识点9】be compared with被(拿来)与……相比较（是compare…with…的被动结构）。如：Don’t compare me with other students. 不要把我和其他学生相比较。My composition is compared with his. 我的作文被拿来和他的作比较。【辨析】compare…with…，compare…to…与compared with/to...的用法辨析：①compare…with…意为“拿……和……作比较；把……与……相比”（同类相比）。如：Mr. Wu likes to compare Class Three with Class Five. 吴老师喜欢拿三班和五班作比较。The teacher are always comparing me with my elder sister. 老师们总是那我和姐姐作比较。They compared the first map with the second one carefully. 他们仔细地比较了第一张地图和第二张地图。②compare…to…意为“把……比做……”（异类相比，比喻）。如：People often compare a teacher to a candle. 人们常把老师比作蜡烛。We usually compare the nurses to the white angels. 我们通常把护士比喻成白衣天使。③compared with/to...意为“和……相比”，该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语，放在句首。如：Compared with/to other cities, I think Guilin is more beautiful. 和其他城市相比，我认为北京更漂亮。Compared with/to last year, we have had more success this year. 与去年相比，我们今年有更多的成功。★(A2).【知识点再现】Sun Haiping used the information to change his training methods for Liu Xiang. 孙海平用这些信息改变对刘翔的训练方法。【知识点10】use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。其被动语态为be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”。如：We can use the sun to heat. 我们可以用太阳来取暖。We use the lift to go up and down. 我们用电梯来上下楼。【知识点11】method是可数名词，意为“方法，办法”，常用搭配a method of doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”；with this method意为“用这种方法”。如：He invented a new method of teaching English. 他发明了一种新的英语教学方法。We found a new method of solving the problem. 我们找到了一个解决这个问题的新方法。★(A2).【知识点再现】In 2004, he won the first Olympic gold medal for China in the 110m hurdles race, and at the same time broke the Olympic Games record. 在2004年，他为中国赢得了第一枚110米跨栏比赛的奥运会金牌，并且同时打破了奥运会记录。【知识点12】break the record意为“打破记录”。break意为“打破”，它的过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。如：She broke the world record in women’s high jump. 她打破了女子跳高的世界纪录。Jim broke the school record in the sports meeting last week. 吉姆在上周的校运会上打破了学校记录。★(A2).【知识点再现】From 2008 on, he suffered a lot from his foot problem, but he did not give up. 从2008年开始，他饱受脚伤的折磨，但是他没有放弃。【知识点13】from...on意为“从……起”，常常与一般过去时连用。如：I will study hard from now on. 从现在起我将努力学习。They became good friend from 2012 on. 从2012年起，他们成为好朋友。【知识点14】suffer from意为“受（某种病痛）折磨，因……而受苦”，强调原因，后跟表示疾病的名词或表示不愉快事情的名词。suffer是动词，意为“患有(疾病)；经受”；其名词形式为sufferring，意为“痛苦；折磨”。如：He suffers from headache all day long. 他整天头痛。This kind of medicine can stop many people suffering from cancer. 这种药能使很多人免受癌症折磨。This war has caused wide-spread human sufferring. 这场战争给人们带来了许多的痛苦。★(A2).【知识点再现】It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games. 遗憾的是，他的脚伤阻止了他完成2012年伦敦奥运会。【知识点15】it’s a pity that ...意为“很遗憾……；遗憾的是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句,that从句常用一般过去时。如：It’s a pity that he didn’t accept the job. 他没有接受那份工作真可惜。It’s a pity that he didn’t see the movie yesterday. 很遗憾他没有看昨天的电影。【知识点16】stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。同义短语：keep sb./sth. from doing sth.或prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.。【注意】在主动语态中只有keep…from…中的from不可以省略（因为keep…doing表示“使……不断做某事”）；在被动语态中，三个from均不可以省略。如：I couldn’t stop myself (from) laughing. 我忍不住大笑起来。We were prevented/stopped/kept from entering the meeting room. 我们被阻止进入会场。The policeman stopped the children (from) playing football in the street. 警察制止孩子们在街上踢球。★(A2).【知识点再现】But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take great pride in him. 但是他仍然是勇气和成功的象征，并且我们继续以他为骄傲。【知识点17】a symbol of意为“……的标志/象征”。如：The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。Green has always been a symbol of peace in the world. 在世界上，绿色一向象征和平。【知识点18】【辨析】continue to do sth.与continue doing sth.的用法辨析：①continue to do sth. 意为“继续去做某事”。表示继续去做与目前所做的事情不同的另一件事情。如：I continued to write my book when I had finished my homework. 我做完作业后继续写书。(做的不是同一件事情)After reading Lesson Nine，he continued to read Lesson Ten. 读完第九课后他继续读第十课。(做的不是同一件事情)②continue doing sth. 意为“继续做原来的事”。如：He continued reading Lesson Ten. 他继续读第十课。（继续做的是同一件事情）I continued writting my book after a short rest. 短暂的休息后我继续写书。（继续做的是同一件事情）【知识点19】take pride in意为“以……为骄傲/自豪；为……感到自豪”，其同义短语为be proud of，在该短语中pride前可用great等词修饰，表示程度；pride是不可数名词，意为“自豪感；骄傲”，常用短语为the pride of sth.意为“值得骄傲的事”；pride的形容词形式为proud，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。如：I take pride in my hometown. 我以我的家乡为傲。My mother takes pride in me. 我妈妈为我而感到骄傲。The mother takes great pride in / is very proud of her children’s success. 这位母亲为自己的孩子取得的成功感到无比骄傲。Unit 3 Language in use★(A1).【知识点再现】Go on, ask me the first question. 继续，问我第一个问题。【知识点1】go on意为“继续”，常用于口语中，一般单独使用，其后不接宾语。go on可根据语境不同表达不同含义；go on后若接宾语，表示“继续做某事”时，要用go on with sth.。如：Go on, please. 请继续(说)。// Hey! Go on, boys! 嘿！男孩们，往前走呀！He went on with his story. 他继续讲故事。//  May I go on with my work now? 我现在可以继续做我的工作吗？★(A2).【知识点再现】Well done! 做得好！【知识点2】well done意为“做得好”，常常用于口语中，表示夸奖某人某事做得好，相当于“good job或nice work”。如：Well done! Congratulations to you! 做得好！祝贺你们！---- I passed the driving test! 我通过了驾照考试！ ---- Well done! 做得好！The study was well done, but it lasted only six months. 这项研究做得很好，不过只持续了六个月。★(A4).【知识点再现】What method(s) do the sportspersons use to prepare for the Olympic Games? 运动员们用什么方法为奥运会做准备。【知识点3】prepare for sth.意为“为某事做准备”，宾语表示准备的目的；prepare是动词，意为“准备”，后接名词或代词作宾语，宾语表示准备的内容。如：How do I prepare for the exam? 我应该怎样备考？When we arrived home, my mother hasn’t prepared supper for us. 当我们到家时，妈妈还没有为我们准备晚餐。【拓展】prepare的常用搭配：prepare to do sth.意为“准备做某事”；prepare sth. for sb.相当于prepare sb. sth.意为“为某人做准备某物”。如：Henry is preparing to leave for Australia. 亨利正准备出发去澳大利亚。Her mother prepared her a birthday present.= Her mother prepared a birthday present for her. 她妈妈为她准备了一份生日礼物。★(A8).【知识点再现】People say I’ve got no chance of becoming really good at taekwondo in five years. 人们说我没有机会在5年内变得非常擅长跆拳道。【知识点4】get no chance of doing sth. 意为“没有做某事的机会(可能性)”；get a chance of doing sth. 意为“有机会(可能性)做某事”如：She gets no chance of passing the exam. 她不可能通过考试。She gets a good chance of a successful recovery. 她成功康复的机会很大。★(A8).【知识点再现】First of all, you need to find a club. 首先，你需要找到一家俱乐部。【知识点5】first of all意为“首先”，强调要谈到的第一件事，用来叙述事物的顺序。用来引出两个或两个以上要点、指令等的第一项或表示一串动作中的第一个动作，和其有相同意义的词为first, firstly。如：First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。First of all, I must take these magazines to the library. 首先，我必须把这些杂志带到图书馆。★(A8).【知识点再现】Well, it usually takes about five years, but it can be done in about two or three years, so go for it. 嗯，这需要5年时间，但也可以在两三年内完成，所以去争取吧。【知识点6】go for it意为“好好争取”，在口语中常用来鼓励某人实现某事。如：If you really want the job, go for it! 如果你真的需要那份工作，那就好好争取吧！Go for it, Tony! You know you can beat him. 努力争取吧，托尼！你知道你是可以打败他的。