湖南省岳阳县第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（含答案）

这是一份湖南省岳阳县第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（含答案），共13页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三年级上学期第一次阶段考试
英语试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150分
命题人：
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s middle name?
A. Andy. B. James. C. Lee.
2. Who will play with Simon?
A. His sister. B. His mother. C. His father.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a holiday house in Spain. B. In the speakers’ new house. C. At the home of the woman’s parents.
4. What will the man do next?
A. Cook supper. B. Meet with a buyer. C. Return to his office.
5. When does the bank close on Saturdays?
A. At 1:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 4:00 p.m.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
7. What will Mark’s father probably do tomorrow?
A. Fly to Singapore. B. Perform in a concert. C. Sing a song for the class.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why did the man continue to work as a foreign language teacher?
A. His parents asked him to. B. His school persuaded him to. C. He loves to experience different things.
9. Who will pay the man?
A. Two schools. B. Only one school. C. Neither of the two schools.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why did the woman leave Japan?
A. She decided to start a company of her own.
B. She had to come back to look after her parents.
C. She couldn’t find a suitable job after the earthquake.
11. What does the woman want to work as now?
A. A secretary. B. A designer. C. A teacher.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Call the manager. B. Read an application. C. Look for a job.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where is Kanda from?
A. Thailand. B. England. C. Russia.
14. What is Mr. Sung mainly talking about?
A. The present problems in China.
B. The history of Chinese business.
C. The good things happening in his company.
15. How does Mr. Sung sound?
A. Optimistic. B. Anxious. C. Humorous.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Boss and worker. C. Friends.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker want listeners to do?
A. Study science. B. Visit some attractions in London. C. Learn about British culture.
18. Which place is fun for the whole family according to the speaker?
A. Big Ben. B. The London Eye. C. The London Science Museum.
19. What is the top 10 London attractions list based on?
A. The history of the attractions. B. The size of the attractions. C. The number of visitors.
20. What does the speaker ask listeners to do in the end?
A. Book online. B. Wait in all queues patiently. C. Visit during the low season.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Reading on the go
*FReader
A standard reading app for eBooks and audiobooks, FReader supports a variety of formats. The program is very pleasant to the eye and is adjustable to various spectrums (光谱). Apart from being a reading app, FReader has an integrated translator for five languages (English, Russian, German, French, and Ukrainian), making the app attractive to people across the world. You can also select a section of the page you are reading and share it via social networks, Bluetooth, SMS and other methods.
*AlReader
Although it can read every type of book, AlReader is specially designed for Sci-Fi lovers. The app doesn’t support iOS but you can open many book formats on your Android phone. This app has enhanced graphical (图解的) features and a wide range of customization options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.
*Nook
Nook is strongly integrated with the online store Banes & Noble, where you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as $0.99. You can also buy you eBooks anywhere and they will automatically appear in the Nook library. The app supports most eBook formats.
*Scribd
Scribd has come a long way from the document-reading app it was initially. Today, it is one of the most famous programs with over a million titles in its library. Upon registration, you get a 30-day demoaccount that lets you read all the books you want for free! Apart from books, Scribd provides comic books, audiobooks articles, scientific studies, court cases and uncommon genres that no other app offers. You can even publish your own book on this platform.
21. Why is FReader attractive to international readers?
A. It doesn’t harm your eyes. B. It has many customization options.
C. It has a powerful integrated translator. D. Users can share what they read via social networks.
22. What can you do with AlReader?
A. Buy Sci-Fi books. B. Enjoy great graphics.
C. Read on an iOS device. D. Publish your own writing.
23. Where can you read books from Banes & Noble for free?
A. FRcader. B. AlReader. C. Nook. D. Scribd.
B
Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky. Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic. For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life.
Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch sun rise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard, star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.
“An observatory can never take the place of getting out into a rural landscape under a blanket of stars,” says Gary Lintern of Stargazing Nights in Durham, England, who leads guided nighttime hikes. “It’s a magical experience, and I enjoy sharing it, especially at some of my favorite locations, like the High Force Waterfall, England’s largest waterfall, in Teesdale.”
There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in activities that involve “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rate, and stress levels. Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep, which is important for overall health, says Christina Pierpaoli Parker, a behavioral sleep researcher at the University of Alabama. Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality. “Movement and exercise, such as relaxing stargazing walks outside, may facilitate sleep,” she says.
Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations for constellations (星座), and offer advice on gear and equipment.
At the end of the day, the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.
24. Why did Douglas go to Iceland?
A. To take photos there. B. To enjoy the night sky there.
C. To experience daily life there. D. To search for an observatory there.
25. What can we know about star walking?
A. It is a combination of hiking and stargazing. B. It is similar to stargazing at an observatory.
C. It only requires a telescope in your backyard. D. It becomes more popular because of Gray Lintern.
26. What does the underlined word “facilitate” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. slow. B. worsen. C. prevent. D. promote.
27. What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. Some useful mobile apps. B. Famous websites about hiking.
C. Proper suggestions on star walking. D. Basic knowledge of equipment for stargazing.
C
Katherine Rooks, a Denver-based writer, had sent her son a text message about coming home from school “I could tell from his response that he became upset suddenly in our thread. And when he came home, he came over and said, ‘What did you mean by this?’” “Rooks was confused.” So we looked at the text together and I said, “Well, I meant, see you later, or something. I don’t remember exactly what it said.’ And he said, ‘But you ended with a full stop! I thought you were really angry!” “Rooks wasn’t angry and she explained to her son that, well, periods (句号) are how you end a sentence.
But in text-messaging—at least for younger adult—periods do more than just end a sentence: they also can set a tone. Gretchen McCulloch, a linguist, said that when it comes to text-messaging, the period has lost its original purpose. But that doesn’t mean the period has lost all the purposes in text-messaging. Now it can be used to indicate seriousness or a sense of finality.” But caution is needed, “said McCulloch, noting that problems can start to arise when you combine a period with a positive emotion, like “sure” or “sounds good”.
A period can accidentally set a tone. A recent study conducted by Binghamton University psychology professor Celia Klin confirmed this. Researchers asked undergraduates to evaluate a text exchange that included an innocent question and the answer “Yes”. Some saw “Yes” with a period and some saw the word without. They found consistently through many experiments that “Yes” with a period resulted in responses that were more negative. So people thought “Yes” with a period was less friendly, less sincere, and so on.” I really don’t like getting text messages that end in periods because it always feels so passive-aggressive,” said Juan Abenante Rincon, 24, a social media manager for Adidas. “Like, are you mad? What’s going on? Like, did I do something wrong?” Klin said this demonstrates language is constantly changing.” Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen, and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?”
28. Why does the text begin with Katherine’s conflict with her son?
A. To lead in the use of period in texting. B. To emphasize the great power of words.
C. To show youngsters’ attitudes towards texting. D. To suggest the right use of punctuation marks.
29. Why is Juan Abenante Rincon mentioned in the text?
A. To make assessments on the recent study. B. To confirm the findings of the recent study.
C. To put forward doubts about the recent study. D. To show great opposition for the recent study.
30. What is Celia Klin’s attitude towards the changes in the meanings of full stops?
A. Disapproving. B. Conservative. C. Worried. D. Positive.
31. What can be the suitable title of the passage?
A. Full Stops: Be Original B. Full Stops: Be Cautious
C. Language Evolution: Be Flexible D. Language Evolution: Be Consistent
D
The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics saw many excellent athletes compete on the ice and snow, prompting an enthusiasm for winter sports in China. In fact, the country has had a deep relationship with winter sports since ancient times, with skiing originating in the Altay prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
In 2005, cave paintings of Altay people hunting on skis with poles were discovered, which archaeologists estimated could be more than 10, 000 years old. Since then, Altay has been recognized by many as one of the birthplaces of skiing, according to Xinhua.
As one of the richest collections of ancient rock art in China, there are herds of camels, sheep, wolves and human figures. The painting on the roof of a cave in Dundebulake village of Altay prefecture depicts humans on skis, bending their knees as they travel alongside animals, including deer and moose.
The rock art in Dundebulake is well preserved because the pictographs (象形文字) are well hidden in the cave.
Additionally, Alta’s dry climate has been a useful preserving agent, according to a 2016 research paper published by the Hebei Normal University.
Unique geographical and climatic conditions make skiing an indispensable part of local people’s lives. The climate in Altay is mild and not too windy, so skiers are less affected by weather conditions, allowing them to safely move faster.
Unlike the modern skis we use nowadays, fur skis have been used as a means of transportation for the snowfield inhabitants of Altay for more than 100 centuries, according to rock carvings uncovered in the area.
Making skis has been a traditional skill. The handmade skis have a layer of horse skin. The fur on the horse skin can help decrease friction when they slide down the hill, while the skis also prevent skiers from falling when they walk up. At the same time, they have a wooden stick in hand to keep balance, according to China Daily.
Fur ski competitions have been held annually by the local government. Many locals would display their maneuvers (高超的移动) at the competitions.
32. Which of the following is evidence that Altay is one of the birthplaces of skiing?
A. Altay people wore skis to hunt animals. B. The modern skis are very similar to fur skis.
C. Local people have used fur skis for a long time. D. Humans on skis were depicted in cave drawings.
33. What have fur skis been used for in Altay since ancient times?
A. Hunting. B. Transportation. C. Competition. D. Entertainment.
34. How does horse skin benefit skiers?
A. It helps them better control directions. B. It makes them slide more comfortably.
C. It helps them slide down smoothly. D. It helps them keep steady while sliding.
35. What does the article mainly talk about?
A. The origins of skiing in Altay. B. The ancient rock art found in Altay.
C. The development of skiing in China. D. The current popularity of skiing in Altay.
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处最佳项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
The China State Council issued a document in early August, suggesting employers across the country make flexible working arrangements and give their workers Friday afternoons off during hot summer days in order to boost tourism and consumption.
Online surveys have shown that most correspondents are in favor of the Sate Council’s proposal for longer weekends, as wo and a half days are enough even for one to plan a short journey. People will have more time to be together with their families. 36
However, there are doubts as to whether this well-intentioned initiative can be put into practice. 37 While the regular two-day weekend is still a dream for a large number of working people in various industries, a two-and-half-day weekend is really a luxury many people can barely afford.
38 If staff workers of government departments and public institutions no longer work on Friday afternoons, local residents will have nowhere to go if they have issues to solve through these establishments.
Obviously, the only way out is to implement polices concerning paid annual leave in a realistic manner so that the working people can make arrangements for their days off work. As a result, holidaymakers don’t need to all rush to the same scenic spots during the same period of time, which would be beneficial to the protection and operation of these spots. 39 Thus it serves the initial purpose of boosting economic growth through developing tourism.
40 The government is supposed to pay more attention to the protection of labor rights and employ all possible means to ensure their holidays as well as the functions of government institutions, instead of just making economically motivated policies.
A. Also, this is an effective way to increase consumer spending.
B. The right of workers to rest and paid annual leave are protected under the law.
C. A larger number of workers, if not all, will benefit from official holiday arrangements.
D. Most people think that they will actually not be able to enjoy the benefits of such a scheme.
E. After rest and relaxation, employees will become more energetic when they come back to work.
F. Another worry is that this measure will finally be exclusively (专有地) enjoyed by a limited number of employees.
G. As long as paid annual leave remains unrealistic in most industrial sectors, the two-and-half-day weekend seems pointless.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A 29-year-old man who recently graduated from medical school found a special way to show respect and gratitude for his parents while looking back at how far they’ve come.
Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in May after 41 his MD (Doctor of Medicine). To celebrate the accomplishment, the resident physician went to the 42 where his parents, Loreto and Maricela Juarez, have worked since the 1980s. Erick 43 the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents, including one in the field with his mom 44 was shared on his post.
It has now become a 45 for Erick, who returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree to honor the 46 that his parents have made for him and his four siblings. “I wanted to honor my parents 47 showcasing them to my friends and the world. My parents arrived here with nothing to 48 but everything to gain,” Erick said.
From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor, so he made every 49 to achieve that goal. First, Erick became a student of Bainbridge High School. He went on to 50 attend an academy before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University—making him the first one from his hometown to graduate from the famous school. This spring, Erick continued his string of 51 by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University.
Following his graduation, he 52 his journey on a post, calling his accomplishment a “victory lap”. My graduation from medical school was one small step for me, one 53 leap for my family. It’s as much, if not more, a victory lap for them 54 it is for me. And I couldn’t be prouder of them,” he continued. “I am the first in my entire family 55 to earn a white-collar job. And I get to help folks feel better—this is the best part!”
41. A. awarding B. reaching C. earning D. shifting
42. A. farm B. school C. hospital D. church
43. A. remembered B. forgot C. recalled D. marked
44. A. whom B. who C. that D. what
45. A. gesture B. tradition C. preference D. belief
46. A. sacrifice B. preparation C. arrangement D. allowance
47. A. in B. between C. with D. by
48. A. catch B. lose C. use D. do
49. A. effort B. certainty C. sense D. decision
50. A. deliberately B. apparently C. briefly D. satisfactorily
51. A. accomplishments B. implements C. replacements D. agreements
52. A. concentrated on B. decided on C. went on D. reflected on
53. A. moderate B. small C. giant D. mild
54. A. since B. till C. so D. as
55. A. reputation B. history C. background D. connection
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first domestic chickens we have found lived no earlier than 3, 670 years ago, suggesting they have a far shorter history than we thought. These birds don’t seem to have been raised for their meat, 56 (make) it unclear what drove domestication (驯化). The chickens alive today descend from a wild bird native to South-East Asia 57 (call) the red jungle fowl, but exactly 58 domestication occurred was unclear. Some researchers have estimated that the first domestic chicken lived more than 6000 years ago, while others claim 59 (find) chicken bones at 10, 000-year-old sites. 60 analysis by Ophelie Lebrasseur at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team concludes that the 61 (early) clear evidence of domestic chickens appeared between 1, 650 BC and 1, 250 BC at a site called Ban Non Wat in central Thailand. Not only 62 (be) chicken bones superabundant at the site, but there are signs that people were buried with the birds, 63 Lebrasseur says makes a domestic relationship clear. Lebrasseur and her team suspect chicken domestication might have been triggered (引起) by the 64 (appear) of cereal fanning in South-East Asia. “This created a more open, less tree-covered environment, which is actually an environment where red jungle fowl thrive (繁荣),” she says, “And they could have fed 65 the waste from human societies.”
第四部分：写作
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
66.假定你是新华中学李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节（Festive China）”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；2.课程内容；3.报名方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段。使之构成一篇完整的短文。
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I was a single mother in my 30s who lived down and out with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment struggling hard to make our needs meet.
One day, I headed to the downtown for an interview, I sat down in the streetcar, and there against those at was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle decorated with gold scrolls among which there was a name carved.
On impulse I determined to find the owner myself. I got off the street car in the heavy rain and thankfully opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name. I found it immediately and called it, waiting patiently, and then a lady answered.
“Yes,” she said in surprise, with extreme excitement. “It was my umbrella which had been stolen year ago.”
So appealing was her pleasure that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house. She look the umbrella with teary eyes, explaining with choking voice that the umbrella was given by her parents, now dead. Her happiness at retrieving (找回) this special possession was such that to have accepted her reward would have spoiled something. So I refused her offer and left.
The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. What was worse, I had just lost my last job before Christmas, with only fifteen dollars left. Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless and jobless. I had prayed steadily for weeks, and there had been no answer but this coldness and darkness.
The air was full of Christmas merriment, with the bells ringing and children shouting in the bitter dusk of the evening. But there should be no Christmas for me, I knew, no gifts no remembrance whatsoever.
Thinking of this, I couldn’t control my tears on my way home, but I managed a smile so I could greet my little daughter. She opened the door for me and throw herself in my arms, dreaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift. There I stood, frozen overwhelmed by misery.
注意
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy ran quickly to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus. __________
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Abruptly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes. ___________________________________________
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第1期综合能力检测（1）参考答案及部分解析
参考答案
1—5 CBBAC 6—10 CBACB 11—15 AABCC 16—20 BACBA 21—25 BACDB 26—30 ADCDB
31—35 ABACD 36—40 CDBEG 41—45 AADBC 46—50 DDCBA 51—55 DCABD
56. a 57. to fix 58. reliable 59. behind 60. passing 61. launched 62. buried 63. currents
64. digitally 65. which/that
写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I’m writing to ask for some advice. I’m in charge of organizing an outdoor concert in our school. This is the first time that I have undertaken such an important task, so I don’t have much faith in myself. I have planned the budget, found performers, rented equipment and made some arrangements for cleaning up afterwards. Could you give me some advice on how to attract more students to the concert? Are there any other things that I need to pay attention to?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
“Nine times three is twenty-seven, and two plus seven is nine!” the man continues. “Nine times four is thirty-six, and three plus six is nine.” Kevin gets the idea. He sits quietly and thinks about it. “But nine times eleven is ninety-nine! Nine plus nine is eighteen! It doesn’t work!” The man smiles at Kevin. “Nothing in life is perfect,” he says. “You see, nine times eleven is the same as eleven times nine! And nine times twelve is one hundred and eight. One plus zero plus eight is nine! You know it all!” The bus stops. “Good luck,” the man says and leaves.
The next day Kevin went to school and took the math test. He took his results home to his mother. “Hi, Kevin,” she said. “How was your math test?” “It was OK,” he said, “What’s OK?” asked his mother. “Did you get 80%?” “No,” said Kevin. His mother looked angry. “OK,” she said. “You did not study well. I will not buy the Lego game for you. What was your score?” Kevin could not stop smiling. “100%!” he said.
部分解析
阅读
第一节
A篇
主题语境：人与自然——自然生态
本文是应用文。文章介绍了阿克顿斯科特历史工作农场的概况、开放时间和票价等信息。
21.B。理解具体信息，根据第一段中的Acton Scott Historic Working Farm … preserve many traditions that might otherwise have been lost to modern-day farming techniques以及第二段中的traditional craft and trade courses to learn about the forgotten skills of the past run throughout the year可知，阿克顿斯科特历史工作农场保留了许多传统农业技术，在这里全年都有传统工艺和贸易课程。注：第二段中的at the turn of the 19th century意为“20世纪初”。the turn of the century/year意为“世纪之交/新年伊始”。
22.A。理解具体信息。根据Opening times部分中的信息可知，阿克顿斯科特历史工作农场每年三月至十月开放，开放时间为周六至周三的早10点到下午4点半，最晚入场时间是下午3点半，因此A项“五月的周一下午2点”在此时间范围内。
23.C。理解具体信息，根据Ticket prices部分中的信息，再结合题干中的an 11-year old girl and her working parents可知，题干中提到的三人票价为5+9*2=23英镑。
B篇
主题语境：人与社会——文学
本文是记叙文。华裔女孩Christina Li以自己和朋友的经历为蓝本，出版了小说“Clues to the Universe”。
24.D。理解具体信息。根据第二段中的Li drew on her feelings about her friendship with Katia to develop the close friendship in her book以及第三段中的Li also mined her memories about another middle school experience: the science fair可知，在“Clues to the Universe”一书中，Li根据自己与好朋友Katia相处时的感觉写下了Ro与Benji的故事，她中学时参加的科学展也给予了她灵感。由此可知，Li的个人经历帮助她创作了“Clues to the Universe”一书。注：第二段中的draw on意为“利用”；第三段首句中的mine作动词，意为“挖掘”。
25.B。理解具体信息。根据第三段中的It turned out to be a defining experience and helped me become more confident可知，参加科学展使Li变得更加自信。
26.A。理解主自要义。第四段介绍了“Clues to the Universe”一书的部分情节，主人公Ro和Benji参与了一个火箭项目。Ro喜欢火箭，Benji喜欢画画，但Benji需要学分来提高他的科学成绩。不过Ro的激情很快激发了Benji的好奇心。后来Ro决定帮助Benji找到他长期不在的父亲，这一过程带来了意想不到的冲突……
27.D。推断。根据最后一段中的Li heard from a girl… share that in my book可知，Li收到一个女孩的来信，信中说她读到主角Ro和她一样是美籍华裔，非常激动。Li觉得能使读者在书中找到共鸣真是太好了。由此可推知，Li收到女孩的来信应该感觉很高兴。
C篇
主题语境：人与自我——学习
本文是说明文。研究发现，晚上睡觉时听和白天学习时相同的音乐有助于提高学习成绩。
28.C。理解具体信息。根据第一段中的they wondered whether a technique called “targeted memory reactivation” (TMR) could be useful for studying和The researchers focused on music可知，研究人员想知道“目标记忆再激活法”是否有助于学习，他们在研究中探究了音乐是否可作为激活信号。由此可知，研究人员想证明音乐是否有助于学习。
29.D。理解具体信息。第二段具体介绍了研究过程，根据其中的they spent the night … the exact same three pieces they listened to while studying可知，参与者熟睡时研究人员会给他们播放声音。一半的参与者听的是白噪音，另一半听的是他们学习时听的三首曲子。
30.B。理解具体信息。根据第三段的内容可知，研究小组选择这三首古典音乐作为学习音乐的原因如下：这样的音乐不会像有歌词的音乐那样分散人的注意力，而且这样的音乐有着清晰的旋律，能使大脑更容易在音乐和学习材料之间建立联系。注：本段中的fit the bill意为“符合要求”。
31.A。推断。根据最后一段中的music could improve test scores the next day, but after a few months the music listeners were back at the same level as the students who slept with white noise in the background可知，音乐可以提高第二天的成绩，但几个月后，睡觉时听音乐的人又回到了与在白噪音背景下睡觉的学生一样的水平。由此可推知，听音乐的效果会随着时间推移而消退。
D篇
主题语境：人与自然——环境保护
本文是说明文。Evocco公司研发了一款应用程序，用户拍照上传购物小票，该应用程序可分析计算出其中食物所产生的碳足迹，并鼓励用户通过向非盈利机构捐赠来抵消碳足迹。
32.B。理解词汇。根据第一段中的as a consumer, it’s difficult to measure the climate impact of what you cat和It lets you track, improve and offset the climate impact of your food purchases以及第二段中对Evocco应用程序的介绍可知，消费者很难判断自己吃的东西对气候的影响，但是现在Evocco可以帮助消费者追踪、改善和抵消食品对气候的影响，即Evocco使消费者判断自己吃的东西对气候的影响变得“容易”。a cinch与difficult构成反义同现关系。
33.A。推断。文章第三段介绍了不同食物产生的碳足迹不同。根据其中的animal products … importing products increases their carbon footprint以及seasonality or whether refrigeration was required on the journey to market可知，动物产品通常比植物产品消耗更多资源，进口产品会增加碳足迹。此外，是否应季以及是否需冷链运输都影响碳足迹。结合Evocco希望减少碳足迹可推知，该应用程序可能推荐消费者购买非进口、应季、非冷链的植物产品。
34.C。理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的Evocco is developing a digital tool … a product’s journey through the supply chain可知，Evocco正在开发一种数字工具，想要销售给食品零售商、电商平台和配送应用程序，帮助他们追踪产品在供应链的运输过程中对气候的影响。
35.D。理解主旨要义。本文主要介绍了Evocco公司研发的应用程序可通过分析购物小票计算出其中的食物所产生的碳足迹，故D项作标题最能概括文意。
第二节
主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助改善人们生活的科技发明。
36.C。根据设空处前面的Many people enjoy using their talents to help others. Take people working in technology for example可知，许多人会利用自己的才能帮助别人，下面以从事技术工作的人为例来说明。故可知，设空处应介绍技术人员如何帮助别人，C项符合语境。C项中的talents、help与上文中的talents、help构成原词复现。
37.D。根据设空处后面的They can use it to … texts that are hard to read可知，设空处应点明it指代什么，且it指代之物可以帮助视障人士听书和文件，孩子们也可以用它来跟读难的文本，由此可知D项符合语境。it指代D项中的Text-to-speech technology，本段末的Similarly, speech-to-text technology也是提示。
38.B。根据设空处前面的you’ll know how useful wheelchairs can be可知，本段谈论的话题是轮椅。根据设空处后面的wheelchairs that can climb stairs和wheelchairs that can be controlled with just the mind可知，现在的轮椅越来越先进了，故B项符合语境。
39.E。根据设空处后面的You can find it in many products可知，设空处应点明it指代什么。结合There are voice command keyboards, cars, smartphones, and many others可知，E项符合语境。voice command与E项中的Voice command构成原词复现。
40.G。根据设空处前面的What does the future hold for technology？可知，设空处应对该问题做出回答，即设空处应指出技术的未来会是什么样的，故G项符合语境。
语言运用
第一节
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，不起眼的小目标才会让我们走向成功。
41.A。根据accepted the idea of getting back into running和a very detailed training plan可知，作者想重新开始跑步，于是选择为迎战半程马拉松而进行训练。本段中的training schedule和training runs也提示了答案。
42.A。43.D。根据But和only … for a few weeks以及All that planning led only to可知，作者雄心勃勃的训练计划只坚持了几周，所有的计划都只是换来了锻炼失败。
44.B。45.C。根据despite knowing the good … that exercise brings可知，尽管知道锻炼对身体好，作者也没去训练。skip意为“不做（应做的事）”。
46.D。47.D。根据上段最后一句和本句中的get into a new … doesn’t actually depend on our understanding of the benefits，再结合选项可知，即便我们知晓特定行为会给我们带来好处，我们也不一定会因此养成新的习惯。habit和段末的routine构成近义词复现关系。particular behavior指上文提到的exercise之类的特定行为。
48.C。49.B。根据文章首段中的my ambitious training schedule和下文中的running for only one minute at a time之间的对比可知，为了养成锻炼的习惯，作者不能再按运动员的标准给自己定目标（因为这个目标太宏大）。作者通过每次只跑一分钟的方式重新开始了锻炼。
50.A。根据上句中的only one minute可知，作者一次会跑够一分钟。full意为“（强调数量）足足的，整整的”。
51.D。根据I usually run for 15 or 20 minutes和I still do that one minute可知，作者通常跑15到20分钟，但在缺乏动力时，作者也要跑够一分钟。
52.C。根据minimal effort turns out to be way better than if I did可知，这么微小的努力比什么都不做要强得多。way在此处是副词，意为“非常，极其”。
53.A。结合选项可知，几个月坚持锻炼也可以说是几个月的努力。struggle有“奋斗，努力”之意。
54.B。根据上文提到的作者放弃了宏大的训练计划，而是每天锻炼一分钟可知，当我们放弃宏大的计划和雄心来迈出第一步时，我们是在做出调整。in favor of意为“为获得（更好或更需要的东西）”，符合语境。
55.D。正是在微调的过程中，我们的宏大计划和雄心才得以形成。
第二节
主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事
本文是记叙文。一名塞拉利昂青年发明了一种将车辆通过道路的动能转化为电能的装置并创立了一家供电公司。
56.a。考查冠词。此处的man是单数可数名词，且是首次出现，故其前填a。
57. to fix。考查动词不定式。be determined to do sth是固定搭配，意为“决心去做某事”，故填to fix。
58. reliable。考查形容词。设空处作定语，修饰power grids，且意为“可靠的”，故填reliable。least reliable意为“最不可靠的”。
59.behind。考查固定搭配。根据because they did not have adequate access to lighting for studying after dark可知，一些学生由于天黑后没有电而无法学习，从而导致他们“跟不上（all behind）”。
60. passing。考查动词-ing形式。设空处作后置定语修饰vehicles，且vehicles与pass是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填passing。
61. launched。考查一般过去时。根据At a pilot program, Optim Energy successfully set up … schools可知，launch表示过去发生的动作，故填launched。
62. buried。考查动词-ed形式。设空处作状语，且bury与machine是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填buried。
63. currents。考查名词复数。current意为“电流”时是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故填currents。
64. digitally。考查副词。设空处修饰动词，故填副词digitally。
65. which/ that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰activities，且在从句中作主语，故填which或that。