2021-2022学年江西省南昌市八一中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年江西省南昌市八一中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年度第二学期南昌市八一中学
高二英语期末考试卷
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. At a supermarket. C. At the man’s office.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Magazines. B. Fashion. C. Sports.
3. What does the woman want to do?
A. Watch TV. B. Go for a walk. C. Get online.
4. What does the woman need?
A. A keyboard. B. A mouse. C. A computer.
5. When will the speakers meet?
A. On January 30th. B. On January 31st. C. On February 1st.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前. 你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后. 各小题给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man going to the US?
A. To go sightseeing. B. To take a course. C. To attend a meeting.
7. Who will pay the man’s expenses for his visit?
A. Cardiff University. B. The University of Stanford. C. The man himself.
听第7段材料;回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman like about the film?
A. Its lines and actor. B. Its plots. C. Its music and scene.
9. What are David’s favorite?
A. Comedies . B. Musical movies. C. Adventure movies.
听第8 段材料, 回答第10 至 12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues.
1l. What has Robert got for Julia?
A. Textbooks. B. Oil paintings. C. Lecture notes.
12. Where will the speakers meet on Saturday?
A. At Robert’s home. B. At a post office. C. At a shop.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16 题。
13. What is the woman doing?
A. Attending a seminar. B. Giving some advice. C. Conducting a survey.
14. How often does the man travel by bus?
A. Twice a day. B. Every other day. C. Once a week.
15. How does the man feel about the bus service?
A. Poor. B. Fair. C. Good.
16. What improvement should the bus company make?
A. Buses should be more punctual.
B. Drivers should be more polite.
C. Seats should be more comfortable.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至 20题。
17. What do people want to see first when they see your e-mail?
A. The subject. B. The length. C. The content.
18. What does the speaker advise you to do when writing an e-mail?
A. Ask questions. B. Write simply. C. Express your feelings.
19. How many words are the best for e-mail length?
A. 50~60 words. B. 50~125 words. C. 50~150 words.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Checking e-mails. B. Minding manners in e-mails. C. Writing a good e-mail.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
British Museum
Located in Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, the British Museum houses a vast collection of world art and artifacts and is free to all visitors. The British Museum’s remarkable collection spans over two million years of human history and culture, and it has more than 7 million objects, so it would probably take a week to see everything.
Over 6 million visitors every year experience the collection, including world-famous objects such as the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies.
Admission and opening times
Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30.
Open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday.
Closed on 24, 25 and 26 December and 1 January.
Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage
For everyone’s safety, all bags, packages and personal items may be searched before entry. Wheeled cases and large items of luggage are not allowed in the British Museum for safety and security reasons. Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.
Membership
Membership allows you to discover 2 million years of human history with free unlimited entry to special exhibitions, an exclusive discount offer on magazine subscription and many more benefits.
Individual membership:￡74
Under 26 membership:￡54
Young friends (aged 8---15):￡25
Shops
The museum has four shops where you can buy books, souvenirs, and family gifts.
1. When can you visit the British Museum?
A. At 9:00 on Friday. B. At 12:00 on Monday.
C. On Christmas Day. D. On Good Friday.
2. Where can visitors store their large luggage?
A. At major train stations. B. At some crossings.
C. In the hall of the Museum. D. At the entrance to the Museum.
3. If two friends aged 14 and 18 apply for membership of the Museum, how much should they pay?
A. ￡25. B. ￡79.
C. ￡50. D. ￡148.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了大英博物馆的藏品，开放时间和行李寄存办法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admission and opening times部分提到的Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30.
可知，你可以在星期一中午12点去参观。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage部分最后一句Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.可知，游客可以在主要的铁路站寄存行李。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Membership部分的Individual membership: £74Under 26 membership: £54Young friends (ages 8-15): £25可知，他们申请会员证需要25+54=79英镑。故选B。
【名师点睛】
文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。有一种文章细节理解题是一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。例如小题2
【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。
【答案定位】根据Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage部分最后一句Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.可知，游客可以在主要的铁路站寄存行李。
【推理关系】题干Where can visitors store their large luggage.?☞文章内容Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations
【答案】☞A选项At major train stations.
B
Nowadays, countries are eager to get more electric cars on the road because moving away from gas-powered vehicles is vital to fighting climate change. China says that most new vehicles sold by 2035 will be electric. The United Kingdom will ban new gas-powered cars in 2030. One of the world’s major automakers, General Motors (GM), announced that it would stop selling gas-powered cars by 2035.
The key to an electric future is batteries. Automakers are racing to pack the most energy into the smallest one. The lithium-ion battery is what powers our mobile devices, which can be recharged again and again. Making these batteries has an environmental cost. Lithium is taken from the earth, like the oil used to make gasoline. But the long-term cost is much smaller. “Once you burn gasoline, you can’t recycle it,” says Jessika Trancik, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “But when you use up a battery, you can still recycle the material.”
It’s up to governments to make electric cars accessible to everyone. National policies can help. In the United States, an electric Chevy Volt costs about $35,000. Trancik says charging stations must also be made widely available. As part of an effort to fight climate change, America plans to build half a million of them in the US by 2030. She hopes enough charging stations will be built soon. “It’s important to put chargers where many different people can have access to them,” she says. “Not just wealthier people.”
Last year, almost 5% of approximately 67 million new cars sold worldwide were electric. For Venkat Viswanathan, a professor of mechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, green electricity is part of the solution to climate change, and electric cars are just the beginning. He sees a future of solar-powered homes and electric flying cars. “Soon, a plug-in vehicle might be as cheap as a gas-powered car. It is now abundantly clear that electric is the future,” he says. “It will be a totally new world.”
4. Which word best describes Trancik’s attitude to the lithium-ion battery?
A. Conservative. B. Skeptical. C. Positive. D. Disapproving.
5. What does Trancik indicate about charging stations in Paragraph 3?
A. They should come down in price. B. They may be unfairly laid out.
C. Enough of them have been built. D. They favor more ordinary people.
6. What can be inferred from Viswanathan?
A. Gas-powered cars will be cheaper. B. Green electricity will be widely used.
C. The price of batteries will drop sharply. D. Electric vehicles will beat climate change.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Charging Stations Are Needed B. Vehicles Have Clean Options
C. Climate Change Fuels Electricity D. Our Cars Are Going Electric
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界各地都在发展电力驱动汽车，因为远离汽油驱动的汽车对应对气候变化至关重要。文章介绍了电动汽车面临的问题以及未来的发展趋势。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““Once you burn gasoline, you can’t recycle it,” says Jessika Trancik, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “But when you use up a battery, you can still recycle the material.”(“一旦你燃烧了汽油，你就不能回收了，”麻省理工学院的研究员Jessika Trancik说。“但当电池用完时，你仍然可以回收这种材料。”)”可推知，锂离子电池用完可以回收，Trancik对锂离子电池的态度是支持态度。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Trancik says charging stations must also be made widely available. As part of an effort to fight climate change, America plans to build half a million of them in the US by 2030. She hopes enough charging stations will be built soon. “It’s important to put chargers where many different people can have access to them,” she says. “Not just wealthier people.”(Trancik表示，充电站也必须广泛提供。作为应对气候变化努力的一部分，美国计划到2030年在美国建造50万座这样的建筑。她希望不久能建造足够的充电站。“把充电站放在许多不同的人都可以使用的地方很重要，”她说。“不仅仅是富人。”)”可推知，Trancik认为充电站除了富人能使用外，还要让普通人也能使用到，可得出充电站可能会被不公平地放置。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For Venkat Viswanathan, a professor of mechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, green electricity is part of the solution to climate change, and electric cars are just the beginning. He sees a future of solar-powered homes and electric flying cars. “Soon, a plug-in vehicle might be as cheap as a gas-powered car. It is now abundantly clear that electric is the future,” he says. “It will be a totally new world.”(对卡内基梅隆大学机械工程教授Venkat Viswanathan来说，绿色电力是解决气候变化的一部分，而电动汽车只是一个开始。他看到了太阳能家庭和电动飞行汽车的未来。他说：“很快，插电式汽车可能会像汽油动力汽车一样便宜。现在很明显，电动汽车是未来的发展方向。这将是一个全新的世界。”)”可推知，未来绿色电力是主力，运用到日常生活的方方面面（如太阳能家庭和电动飞行汽车），绿色电力将得到广泛应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nowadays, countries are eager to get more electric cars on the road because moving away from gas-powered vehicles is vital to fighting climate change. China says that most new vehicles sold by 2035 will be electric. The United Kingdom will ban new gas-powered cars in 2030. One of the world’s major automakers, General Motors (GM), announced that it would stop selling gas-powered cars by 2035. (如今，各国都渴望有更多的电动汽车上路，因为远离汽油驱动的汽车对应对气候变化至关重要。中国表示，到2035年销售的大部分新车将是电动汽车。英国将在2030年禁止新的汽油动力汽车。全球主要汽车制造商之一通用汽车宣布，到2035年将停止销售汽油驱动汽车)”结合文章主要说明了世界各地都在发展电力驱动汽车，因为远离汽油驱动的汽车对应对气候变化至关重要。文章介绍了电动汽车面临的问题以及未来的发展趋势。可知，D选项“车辆将走向电动化”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.
Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.
The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.
When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.
When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.
With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at the University of Chicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.
8. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic. B. To make comparisons.
C. To provide an example. D. To support his argument.
9. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?
A. It failed to complete the task. B. It followed the etiquette rules.
C. It made a random decision. D. It communicated with the researchers.
10. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?
A. It was creative but worthless.
B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.
C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.
D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Robot Taught To Be Polite
B. Robot Can Explain Its Decision
C Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A Dream
D. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A Problem
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了有关机器人的一项实验，目的是让其经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.（我们使用所谓的内心对话，即我们对自己说话，来评估情况并做出决定。现在，一种机器人已经经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程，让我们看到它是如何应对相互矛盾的需求的。）”结合下文有关机器人经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程的实验可推知，第一段提到人们通过内心活动做出决策是为了引出这一话题。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action.（当被要求在开启内心语言的情况下把餐巾放在叉子上时，Pepper问自己礼仪要求是什么，然后得出的结论是，这个要求违反了给它的规则。然后它会询问研究人员把餐巾放在叉子上是否是正确的行为。）”可知，机器人Pepper的内心语言被激活后，它面对矛盾的指令会和研究人员进行交流，询问该行为是否正确。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at the University of Chicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says…"It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.（芝加哥大学的Sarah Sebo表示，随着机器人在未来变得越来越普遍，这种类型的编程可以帮助公众了解它们的能力和局限性。她说：“它保持了人们的信任，并使人类和机器人之间的合作和互动成为可能。”……Sebo说：“目前还不清楚他们的方法如何在广泛的人类参与者中进行比较。”）”可知，Sarah Sebo认为对机器人的这种编程虽然有助于人类和机器人之间的互动，但是这个实验只使用了一个人类参与者，没有证据表明如何在广泛的人类参与者中进行比较。所以从她的表述可以推断她认为这项研究很鼓舞人心，但还需要进一步的研究和证实。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.（现在，一种机器人已经经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程，让我们看到它是如何应对相互矛盾的需求的。）”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了有关机器人的一项实验研究，目的是让机器人经过训练，可以大声说出自己的内心决策过程。所以B项“Robot Can Explain Its Decision（机器人可以解释它的决定。）”概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
D
Over a year into the Covid-19 pandemic, more people are increasingly familiar with “Zoom fatigue,” the tiredness caused by overuse of videoconferencing tools such as Zoom. Zoom fatigue, however, can hit people differently depending on their personality.
The videoconferences seem smart and fun, but to many extroverts(性格外向者)，the experience has proved to be less satisfying. Zoom does not provide the same heartfelt feedback as a live conversation, so it is not rewarding as expected. In a videoconference, the body language and other visual actions that are so often part of in-person conversation aren't fully there. And that can weigh especially on extroverts.
Extroverts can also become impatient at some of the structure and controls that videoconferencing platforms place on conversations. Functions such as muting(禁言)，for example, control the conversation in a way that does not happen with in-person conversations.
For introverts, video calls cause their own special challenges. For one thing, in most virtual meetings, with multiple participants observing one another, introverts feel like being constantly watched. That is quite tiring. They prefer to control who is in their personal space and for how long, or rather, to connect with people one-on-one or in small groups.
What's more, in-person conversation offers pauses that can give a speaker, especially an introvert, time to consider a new thought. Pauses while on-screen, however, can be confusing. Has a person finished speaking? Or has the Internet connection caused the screen to freeze? Pauses or silence between thoughts or topics feels more unbearable and difficult to interpret due to the video.
Each individual has to find the right balance to create more satisfying Zoom experiences. It is suggested that extroverts improve their videoconferencing experiences by making their calls with larger screens, louder audio and shared activities. For introverts, a good first step is to avoid optional video calls. Setting boundaries beforehand can also help. This could take the form of telling others at the beginning of a call when you need to leave.
12. Who may experience “Zoom fatigue”？
A. Extroverts.
B. Introverts.
C. Neither extroverts nor introverts.
D. Both extroverts and introverts.
13. Why are extroverts unsatisfied with videoconferencing?
A. They get less reward than introverts.
B They fail to control their body language.
C. They are not free to express their opinions.
D. They are asked to express their true feelings.
14. What do introverts prefer?
A. Videoconferencing platforms.
B. Pauses in video conversation.
C. Silent observation from others.
D. One-on-one communication.
15. Which of the following might be the solution to “Zoom fatigue”？
A. Balance extroverts and introverts.
B. Ask for a leave whenever necessary.
C. Use videoconferencing tools properly.
D. Invite more people to videoconferences.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行一年多以来，越来越多的人对“Zoom疲劳”越来越熟悉，这是由于过度使用Zoom等视频会议工具造成的疲劳。然而，Zoom疲劳对人的影响因人而异。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句内容“Extroverts can also become impatient at some of the structure and controls that videoconferencing platforms place on conversations. (外向者也可能对视频会议平台在对话中设置的某些结构和控制失去耐心。)”以及文章第四段前三句内容“For introverts, video calls cause their own special challenges. For one thing, in most virtual meetings, with multiple participants observing one another, introverts feel like being constantly watched. That is quite tiring. (对于内向的人来说，视频电话给他们带来了特殊的挑战。首先，在大多数虚拟会议中，多个参与者相互观察，内向的人会觉得一直被人盯着。那很累人。)”可知，表达的是不同性格的人会有不同的视频会议疲劳症状，因此两种性格都会有这个症状，只是表现不同。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Extroverts can also become impatient at some of the structure and controls that videoconferencing platforms place on conversations. Functions such as muting，for example, control the conversation in a way that does not happen with in-person conversations. (外向者也可能对视频会议平台在对话中设置的某些结构和控制失去耐心。例如，静音等功能以一种不会发生在面对面对话中的方式控制对话。)”可知，对于外向者而言，禁言这类功能阻碍了表达自由，这是在直接对话中没有的，外向的人不喜欢被限制表达。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句内容“They prefer to control who is in their personal space and for how long, or rather, to connect with people one-on-one or in small groups. (他们更喜欢控制某人在他们的个人空间中以及多长时间，或者更确切地说，与人一对一或小组联系。)”可知，内向者喜欢一对一或者小团体交流。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段内容“Each individual has to find the right balance to create more satisfying Zoom experiences. It is suggested that extroverts improve their videoconferencing experiences by making their calls with larger screens, louder audio and shared activities. For introverts, a good first step is to avoid optional video calls. Setting boundaries beforehand can also help. This could take the form of telling others at the beginning of a call when you need to leave. (每个人都必须找到合适的平衡点，以创造更令人满意的Zoom体验。研究表明，外向的人通过使用更大的屏幕、更大声的声音和共享的活动来改善他们的视频会议体验。对于内向的人来说，好的第一步是避免选择性的视频通话。事先设定界限也会有所帮助。这可以是在打电话前告诉别人你什么时候需要离开。)”可知，对于不同个性的人提出了不同建议，外向者建议放大音量、屏幕，增加互动；内向者建议回避随意的会议，提前设置时间以便于告知他人自己离开的时间。可见建议就是合理利用平台来减少疲劳。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两个选项为多余选项。
Remember the days when ordering delivery food consisted only of pizza and burgers? Things have changed now. Nowadays the food delivery service is a booming industry. On the surface, the idea of online food delivery seems like a win-win for the customer and restaurant.
___16___ Let’s examine the pros and cons of online food delivery services.
Customers can order their favorite comfort food from the couch while watching their favorite show and having it delivered to their front door. Sounds amazing, right? The convenience attracts many different types of customers, not just unmarried young people who are occupied with work. ___17___
___18___ Long wait times for online food delivery can often due to traffic, weather, how busy a restaurant is and the complexity of a customer's order. Does a customer want to wait an extra half hour just to have their food delivered? Customers should pick up their food themselves if their hunger cannot wait.
An obvious benefit to restauranteurs in offering food delivery is the increased income they will likely earn.___19___ Due to this, offering delivery services will ensure that they aren't turning away any hungry customers.
Customers are typically paying more money when ordering through an online delivery service, in addition to the cost of the food. These fees can include a booking fee, busy area fees and even a tip to the delivery driver. ___20___
Despite some imperfections, online food delivery services are typically beneficial for both customers and restaurants. They allow customers to diversify their diets from their couches by trying new restaurants and helping restaurants attract new customers.
A. Their restaurants have a limited number of seats.
B. People usually tip less when they are ordering food online.
C. Parents with no time to cook can use online food delivery too.
D. However, this seemingly ideal situation is not without weakness.
E. Ordering from online food delivery services is not a quick experience.
F. Is a sandwich worth that much just because you are too lazy to leave home?
G. A win-win situation means the outcome is beneficial for everyone who is involved.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了在线外卖服务的利与弊。
【16题详解】
根据上文“On the surface, the idea of online food delivery seems like a win-win for the customer and restaurant.(从表面上看，在线送餐的想法似乎是客户和餐厅的双赢)”及下“Let’s examine the pros and cons of online food delivery services.(让我们来看看在线外卖服务的利与弊)”可知，在线送餐的想法也是有弊端的。由此可知，D. However, this seemingly ideal situation is not without weakness.(然而，这种看似理想的情况并非没有弱点)符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The convenience attracts many different types of customers, not just unmarried young people who are occupied with work.(这种便利吸引了许多不同类型的顾客，而不仅仅是那些忙于工作的未婚年轻人)”可知，这种便利也可能吸引那些已婚的人们。由此可知，C. Parents with no time to cook can use online food delivery too.(没有时间做饭的父母也可以使用在线送餐)符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Long wait times for online food delivery can often due to traffic, weather, how busy a restaurant is and the complexity of a customer's order.(通常由于交通、天气、餐馆是否繁忙以及客户订单的复杂程度，网上送餐需要等待很长时间)”可知，网上送餐需要等待很长时间，并不是快速的体验。由此可知，E. Ordering from online food delivery services is not a quick experience.(从网上订购食品并不是一种快速的体验)符合语境。故选故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“An obvious benefit to restauranteurs in offering food delivery is the increased income they will likely earn.(提供外卖服务给餐馆带来的一个明显好处是，他们很可能会增加收入)”及常识可知，餐厅座位有限，所以提供外卖服务可以给餐馆增加收入。由此可知，A. Their restaurants have a limited number of seats.(他们的餐厅座位有限)符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Customers are typically paying more money when ordering through an online delivery service, in addition to the cost of the food. These fees can include a booking fee, busy area fees and even a tip to the delivery driver. (消费者通过在线配送服务订购食物时，除了食物本身的成本外，通常还要支付更多的钱。这些费用包括订餐费、繁忙区费，甚至是给送货司机的小费)”可知，在线配送服务订购食物会花费额外的钱。由此可知，F. Is a sandwich worth that much just because you are too lazy to leave home?(仅仅因为你懒得离开家，一个三明治就值那么多钱吗？)正是对这一现象的一个反思，符合语境。故选F。
第II卷（非选择题）
第三部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
She may be a young girl, but when it comes to sisterly devotion and giving back, Hailey Scheinman is wise beyond her years. 13-year-old Hailey has a(n) ____21____ sister named Olivia Livy, and the two are of the same age and ____22____ inseparable.
This is true despite the fact that physically, the girls are very ____23____. Hailey is healthy, but Livy ____24____ from epilepsy(癫痫). Regardless of their physical difference, Hailey’s love for Livy ____25____ every day. The sisters play and read together and Hailey helps her sister with her many needs. Since Hailey was very young, she has taken this ____26____ even one step further. In order to help with the costs of Livy’s physical treatments and to help other families with large ____27____ costs, she created and sold artwork through her ____28____, Livy’s Hope.
Hailey had overheard her parents talking about how to ____29____ money for Livy’s expensive medical treatments. She immediately started painting pictures and ____30____ them on eBay.
Hailey and her family decided to start ____31____ other families in need. Now, they give 100% of the ____32____ from everything sold at Livy’s Hope to other families who are going through what the Scheinman’s have ____33____!
More recently, they launched Lemonade for Livy, which has ____34____ from one local lemonade stand that Hailey’s friends organized for Livy to a national ____35____ that takes place in every state and around the world each July!
Through her incredible ____36____ and sympathy, Hailey has given new ____37____ to the words “sisterly love”, which has ____38____ countless others with her actions!
The Scheinman family’s ____39____ is Don’t Give Up, Give Back. They are a true example of taking action, helping others and doing something good in the face of ____40____.
21. A. twin B. elder C. younger D. perfect
22. A. formally B. practically C. carefully D. theoretically
23. A. alike B. similar C. different D. consistent
24. A. suffers B. comes C. differs D. recovers
25. A. gets over B. goes over C. breaks through D. shines through
26. A. love B. delight C. anger D. pity
27. A. medical B. limited C. urgent D. sharp
28. A. factory B. charity C. company D. school
29. A. spend B. raise C. lend D. borrow
30. A. hanging B. buying C. selling D. advertising
31. A. preferring to B. giving back to C. preparing for D. cheering for
32. A. profits B. benefits C. rewards D. prizes
33. A. heard B. witnessed C. experienced D. discovered
34. A. grown B. dropped C. varied D. appeared
35. A. game B. event C. festival D. conference
36. A. gratitude B. kindness C. friendship D. confidence
37. A. title B. truth C. function D. meaning
38. A. confirmed B. inspired C. informed D. persuaded
39. A. motto B. challenge C. method D. condition
40. A. danger B. failure C. difficulty D. surprise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Hailey从小就无微不至地照顾身患疾病的双胞胎妹妹，为妹妹募集了巨额治疗费，后来还创办了慈善机构来帮助更多需要帮助的人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：13岁的海莉有一个双胞胎妹妹，名叫奥利维亚·利维，两人同龄，几乎形影不离。A. twin孪生的；双胞胎的；B. elder年长的；C. younger更年轻的；D. perfect完美的。根据后文“the two are of an age”可知，姐妹俩同岁，应该是双胞胎。故选A项。

【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：13岁的海莉有一个双胞胎妹妹，名叫奥利维亚·利维，两人同龄，几乎形影不离。A. formally正式地；B. practically几乎，实际地；C. carefully细心地；D. theoretically理论上地。根据语境和常识，双胞胎姐妹小时候应该是经常在一起，几乎形影不离。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真是这样的，尽管事实上，她们是非常不同的。A. alike相像的；B. similar相似的；C. different不同的；D. consistent始终如一的。根据后文“Hailey is healthy, but Livy ___4___ from epilepsy (癫痫).”以及“Regardless of their physical difference”可知，姐妹俩健康程度很不同。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hailey很健康，但是Livy患有癫痫。A. suffers遭受；B. comes来；C. differs不同于；D. recovers恢复。根据后文“epilepsy (癫痫)”可知，此处指Livy患有疾病，suffer from意为“遭受”，符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管她们身体上有差异，Hailey对Livy的爱每天都能展现出来。 A. gets over克服；B. goes over复习，检查；C. breaks through打破；D. shines through照耀，显现出来。根据下文“The sisters play and read together and Hailey helps her sister with her many needs. ”以及后文内容可知，Hailey对Livy的爱每天都能“显现出来，展现出来”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从Hailey很小的时候，她就把这种爱更进一步（加深）。A. love爱；B. delight高兴；C. anger生气；D. pity可惜。根据前文“Hailey’s love for Livy ___5___ every day.”可知，此处指Hailey把这种爱更进一步加深。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助Livy支付身体治疗的费用，并帮助其他医疗费用高昂的家庭，她通过自己的慈善机构“Livy的希望”创作并出售艺术品来筹集资金。A. medical医疗的；B.limited有限制的；C.urgent紧急的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据后文“Hailey had overheard her parents talking about how to ___9___ money for Livy’s expensive medical treatments.”可知，此处指医疗费用。故选A项。
28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助Livy支付身体治疗的费用，并帮助其他医疗费用高昂的家庭，她通过自己的慈善机构“Livy的希望”创作并出售艺术品来筹集资金。A. factory工厂；B. charity慈善，慈善机构；C. company公司；D. school学校。根据前文“In order to help with the cost of Livy’s physical treatments and to help other families with large ___7___ costs”可知，Hailey创建的是个慈善机构。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hailey无意中听到父母谈论如何为Livy昂贵的医疗费用筹集资金。A. spend花费，度过；B. raise筹集，举起，养育；C. lend借出；D. borrow借入。根据后文“money for Livy’s expensive medical treatments”可知，此处指父母谈论如何筹集资金为女儿治病。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她立刻开始画画，并在 eBay 上出售。A. hanging悬挂；B. buying买；C. selling卖；D. advertising做广告宣传。根据后文“Now, they give 100% of the ___12___ from everything sold at Livy’s Hope”可知，Hailey开始画画并在网上出售。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Hailey和她的家人决定开始回馈其他需要帮助的家庭。A. preferring to更喜欢；B. giving back归还，回馈；C. preparing for为……做准备；D. cheering for为……欢呼。根据后文“Now, they give 100% of the ___12___ from everything sold at Livy’s Hope”可知，Hailey 和她的家人把慈善机构所得回馈给其他需要帮助的人。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，他们把全部收益捐给了其他家庭，这些家庭正在经历和Hailey家一样的遭遇！A. profits利润，赢利；B. benefits利益；C. rewards报答，报酬；D. prizes奖励。根据后文“from everything sold at Livy’s Hope”可知，网上卖东西挣的是利润（收益）。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他们把全部收益 捐给了其他家庭，这些家庭正在经历和Hailey家一样的遭遇！A. heard听见；B. witnessed目击；C. experienced经历；D. discovered发现。根据前文“who are going through”可知，此处指经历和Hailey家一样的遭遇。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，他们发起了一项活动，这项活动已经从 Hailey 的朋友为 Livy 组织的一个当地的柠檬水摊发展成为每年7月在每个州和世界各地举行的全国性活动！A. grown生长，增长，扩大；B.dropped投，丢，滴落；C. varied改变；D. appeared出现。根据后文“from one local lemonade stand that Hailey’s friend’s organized for Livy to a national ___15___ that takes place in every state and around the world each July!”可知，他们发起的活动规模在扩大。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，他们发起了一项活动，这项活动已经从 Hailey 的朋友为 Livy 组织的一个当地的柠檬水摊发展成为每年7月在每个州和世界各地举行的全国性活动！A. game游戏，比赛；B. event大事，公开活动；C. festival节日；D. conference会议。根据上文“they launched an activity”可知，他们发起了一项活动，event和activity意义接近。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过她令人难以置信的善良和同情，Hailey赋予了“姐妹之爱”这个词新的含义，她的行为激励了无数人！A. gratitude感谢；B. kindness善良；C. friendship友谊；D. confidence信心。根据后文“sympathy”以及最后一段中的“helping others and doing something good”等信息可知，此处指Hailey乐于助人的好心。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过她令人难以置信的善良和同情，Hailey赋予了“姐妹之爱”这个词新的含义，她的行为激励了无数人！A. title标题；B. truth事实；C. function功能；D. meaning意思，意义。根据上文所讲的Hailey不仅帮助自己的家人还帮助同样遭遇的其他人可知，她已经给“sisterly love(姐妹之爱)”这个词新的含义。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过她令人难以置信的善良和同情，Hailey赋予了“姐妹之爱”这个词新的含义，她的行为激励了无数人！A. confirmed确认；B. inspired激励；C. informed通知；D. persuaded说服。她除了帮助妹妹也帮助许多同样遭遇的其他人，所以她的行为激励了无数人。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Scheinman 一家的座右铭是不要放弃，要回馈。A. motto座右铭；B. challenge挑战；C. method方法；D. condition条件。根据后文“Don’t Give Up, Give Back”可知，这是座右铭。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们是在困难面前采取行动、帮助他人和做好事的真正榜样。A. danger危险；B. failure失败；C. difficulty困难；D. surprise惊喜，惊讶。根据上文可知，Hailey是在自己家里遇到困难时，筹集资金，并帮助同样遭遇的其他人，所以他们是在困难面前采取行动，帮助别人，做好事。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Dad
Growing up being the farmer’s daughter has been very interesting. It has made life challenging, fun and ___41___(occasional) lonely. It has helped me grow as a person ___42___ have a whole new respect for all the farmers who most people just don’t pay attention to. It takes a special person to be a farmer, and even ___43___ (much) special people to be the farmer’s family.
I have always had a love for animals. Thank you ___44___ bringing me to the turkey and pig berms to see the cute little animals. Every time I see anything about pigs or turkeys I think about you, just like when I ___45___ (buy) those plastic pig noses for you.
Every time I pass a field of corn, I think about how I grew up ___46___ (visit) you at fields just like that. I can even tell apart some of the ___47___ ( difference) crops. My farming vocabulary is pretty good___48___(compare) to a lot of other people. I also realize how important every little aspect of it is. The weather, bugs,a new type of seed or variety of plant - all of those play___49___ part of a much bigger operation. I have a much bigger understanding of the world .
I’m proud to have a farmer dad. Although there were some ____50____ (struggle), I would never trade the way I grew up. You have worked so hard, and I appreciate everything you have done for me.
I Love you,Dad!
【答案】41. occasionally
42. and 43. more
44. for 45. bought
46. visiting
47. different
48. compared
49. a 50. struggles
【解析】
【导语】本文是一封书信。文章主要讲述了身为农民女儿的作者给父亲写的一封信，信中表达了对父亲的感激之情。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：它让生活充满了挑战、乐趣和偶尔的孤独。修饰形容词lonely，用副词形式。故填occasionally。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：它帮助我成长为一个人，并对所有的农民产生了全新的敬意。grow和have为并列关系，所以用并列连词。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：成为农民得是一个特别的人，而成为农民的家人则应该是更特别的人。根据上文的“It takes a special person to be a farmer”以及空前的even可知，空处为比较级。故填more。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：谢谢你带我去看火鸡，去猪圈看可爱的小动物。短语：thank you for doing sth.感谢某人做某事。故填for。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：每当我看到猪或火鸡，我就会想到你，就像我给你买的塑料猪鼻子一样。根据句意可知，作者买塑料猪鼻子是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填bought。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每当我经过一片玉米地，我就会想起我是如何在这样的田地里看z着你并长大的。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。主句主语I与visit之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填visiting。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我甚至能分辨出一些不同的作物。修饰名词crops，用形容词形式。故填different。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与许多其他人相比，我的农业词汇相当不错。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语My farming vocabulary与compare之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填compared。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我也意识到它的每一个小方面是多么重要。天气、虫子、一种新的种子或植物的种类——所有这些都在一个更大的行动中发挥着重要作用。短语：play a part起作用。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：尽管有一些苦难，我永远不会交换我的成长方式。struggle为可数名词，再根据空前的some可知，空处为可数名词复数形式。故填struggles。
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the better and worst years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. Therefore, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whatever I need help.
【答案】1.year→years 2.better→best 3.去掉the 4.yourself→myself 5.Therefore→However 6.tell→told 7.freely→free 8.wear→wearing 9.college前加for 10.whatever→whenever
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者青少年时期叛逆，想要摆脱父母的控制，如今离开家前往大学，要靠自己独立生活，仍希望能随时向父母求助。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：从13到19岁对我来说是最困难的时期。根据句中13to19可知year应用复数，故year改为years。
2.考查形容词。句意：他们也是我一生中最好和最糟糕的几年。结合句意及定冠词the可知，这里说的应该是最好和最糟糕的几年，要使用最高级，故better改为best。
3. 考查短语。句意：起初，我认为我什么都知道并且能够自己做决定了。短语at first“起初”，故去掉the。
4. 考查反身代词。句意：同上。代词指代一致，与主语I保持一致，反身代词要使用myself，故yourself改为myself。
5. 考查副词。句意：然而，我的父母看起来并不这么认为。分析句意可知，这里应使用的是转折，故Therefore改为However。
6. 考查时态。句意：他们总是告诉我要做什么，以及要怎样去做。结合上下文时态可知，这里在陈述的是过去的事情，要使用一般过去时，故tell改为told。
7. 考查形容词。句意：曾经，我甚至觉得父母不能理解我，因此我希望我能摆脱他们。分析句子结构可知，be动词后要使用形容词，构成短语be free from“摆脱”，故freely改为free。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我通过穿奇装异服来向他们表明我是独立的。分析句子结构可知，介词by后要加动名词作宾语，故wear改为wearing。
9. 考查介词。句意：现在，我离开家去上大学。短语leave…for…“离开…前往…”，故在college前加for。
10. 考查连词。句意：最后，我将只能一个人独立，但我仍然想能在需要时随时向我的父母寻求帮助。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句不缺成分，此处要使用连接副词而不是连接代词，结合句意，可知，whenever“无论何时”符合句意，故whatever改为whenever。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析优势与不足；
2. 提出学习建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
【答案】one possible version:
Be smart online learners
Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems.But being smart online learners has its advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon. Besides, We can take the initiative in our study by ourselves without time and space limit.
Of course, these disadvantages are as follows.Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.
In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以 Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
充分利用：make full use of→ make the most of
扩宽,丰富：broaden→ enrich
各种各样： all kinds of→ varieties of
不完美：imperfection→ defect
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
拓展句：In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages ， finding a proper way to make our study more efficient.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Faced with all kinds of information on the internet ,We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.（非谓语作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]On the other hand ,online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.（现在分词作状语）

听力答案：1~5 AACBC 6~10 CAACB 11~15 CBCAB 16~20 AABBC