福建专用高考英语一轮复习考点规范练38含解析

这是一份福建专用高考英语一轮复习考点规范练38含解析，共7页。试卷主要包含了B　细节理解题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点规范练38Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·天津)After years of observing human nature,I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent.I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.The two belong together.Together,these deep human urges(驱策力)count for much more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.LikeGalileo,all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent,“Why? Why? Why?”Fortunately,curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.“The great man,” said Mencius(孟子),“is he who does not lose his child’s heart.”Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average.It encourages us to occupy our own little corner,to avoid foolish leaps into the dark,to be satisfied.Most of us meet new people,and new ideas,withhesitation.But once having met and liked them,we think how terrible it would have been,had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.How should you start? Modestly,so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.How she is one of the experts,writing books on flower arrangement.One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses.You haven’t any time? That’s good,because it’s always the people with no time who get things done.HarrietStowe,mother of six,wrote parts of UncleTom’sCabin while cooking.You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel,and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.However you start,remember there is no better time to start than right now,for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.1.In writing paragraph 1,the author aims to 　　　. A.propose a definitionB.make a comparisonC.reach a conclusionD.present an argument2.What does the example of Galileo tell us?A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.B.Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.C.Creativity results from challenging authority.D.Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.3.What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?A.Observe the unknown around you.B.Develop a questioning mind.C.Lead a life of adventure.D.Follow the fashion.4.What can we learn from paragraphs 6 and 7?A.Gaining success helps you become an expert.B.The genius tends to get things done creatively.C.Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.D.You should remain modest when approaching perfection.5.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Curious Minds Never Feel ContentedB.Reflections on Human NatureC.The Keys to AchievementD.Never Too Late to Learn BBrooke Martin’s golden retriever(金毛猎犬)Kayla hated being left alone or separated.She would howl,pace,and chew on things.Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets.Shewondered:“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”Working with her father in their garage,the 16-year-old came up with several ideas.Finally,she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPooch.“The dog doesn’t have to answer the call,”explainsBrooke.“It comes up immediately on the screen on its end.It’s a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other.”With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students.Thesefinalists,selected based on their short video presentations,are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St.Paul,Minn.After Martin’s video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge,she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson,a product development scientist in 3M’s consumer health care division.“I just lead her down the product development path,”Langer-Anderson told LiveScience.This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product,which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog’s end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.“One thing I have thought about a lot is,what happens if while the device is on the floor,what if your dog knocks it over,or scratches the screen?”Martinsaid.She and Langer-Anderson discussed this,and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floor to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test,with the guidance from a mentor.Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling.Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method,testing their hypothesis,in a determined way.“So the kids don’t get buried in data,”she said.5.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.“iCPooch” wins in a young scientist competitionB.A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dogs’ hungerC.A man-made device lets people chat with their petsD.A kid-invented device calms dogs’ separation anxiety6.“iCPooch” calms pet dogs by 　　　. A.allowing video chat　　 B.making dogs sleepC.answering the call  D.giving them food7.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentors”?A.Competitors. B.Assistants.C.Instructors. D.Companions.8.What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with the problems related to computers.D.They are all accomplished through individual work.Ⅱ.七选五阅读The Model T,created by Henry Ford,changed the way Americans live,work and travel.　1　 The car came only in black.But at $850,it cost about half as much as other cars on the market.Henry Ford’s great improvement in an automobile assembly line (汽车装配线) made the Model T the first car to be affordable for most Americans.　2　 Assembly-line production allowed the price of the touring car to be lowered from $850 in 1908 to less than $300 in 1925.　3　 Even before it lost favour to larger and more powerful cars,the Model T,known as the “Tin Lizzie,” had become an American symbol,basically realizing Ford’s goal to “democratize the automobile.” Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903.At first,Ford built only a few cars a day.Because demand for Model Ts was so high,Ford developed a way to make more of them without increasing cost.　4　 Workers stood in front of a conveyor belt(传送带),and each completed one step in putting the cars together.Ford’s method of mass production changed life in the U.S.More people could travel.Highways grew. The Ford Motor Company stopped making the Model T in 1927.But the automotive lifestyle had taken hold of America.Today,the race is on to make cars more efficient and to find green energy to power them.　5　 A.In 1913,he invented a moving assembly line.B.The Model T was offered in several body styles.C.Will inventors with Ford’s creativity bring the next revolution?D.At that time half of all the cars in the United States were Model Ts.E.On October 1,1908,the Ford Motor Company introduced the Model T.F.Between 1913 and 1927,Ford factories produced more than 15 million Model Ts.G.For the first time car ownership became a reality for normal American workers,not just the wealthy.
考点规范练38(选修8　Unit3)Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了伟大成就获得者与平庸者的不同之处在于两方面:好奇心和不满足。1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段内容,并结合全文内容可推断出,作者写第一段的目的是提出文章的论点。2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容,尤其是第二段第一句内容可推断,作者举伽利略这个例子,是告诉我们伟大来自对探索的持久渴望。3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断,为了重新找回好奇心和不满足,作者建议我们培养质疑的头脑,不要人云亦云、随波逐流。4.C　推理判断题。根据第七段的前两个设问以及回答可推断,作者认为,缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。5.C　主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知,文章首先提出论点,然后进行论证,最后得出结论。第一段主要指出取得伟大成就的人的两大品质。可见,C项最具概括性。【解题导语】本文介绍了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种远程照顾宠物狗的设备,并因此进入探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的前十名。6.D　主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一位16岁的中学生发明了一种设备,这种设备能让狗和主人视频,让狗在主人离开时不感到焦虑,故选D项。7.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“...adevicethatallowedpetownerstovideochatwiththeirpets!”可知,iCPooch通过让狗主人和狗视频聊天,从而让狗安静下来。故选A项。8.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thesefinalists...areworkingwithmentorsoverthesummer...”可知,这次青年科学家挑战赛的决赛选手已经和指导者一起工作了一个夏天,画线词应表示“指导者”,故选C项。最后一段的withtheguidancefromamentor也是提示。9.B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第二句“Theirprojectsincludeafuelcell...andanappthatrewardsdriversfornottextingorcalling.”可知,这些决赛选手的发明可能帮助解决日常生活中的问题,故选B项。Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了福特公司的T型汽车,它改变了美国人生活、工作和出行的方式。1.E　根据下文的“Thecarcameonlyinblack.”可知,所填的句子应该是引出下文的过渡句,E项“1908年10月1日,福特汽车公司推出了T型汽车。”符合语境。2.G　根据上文提到的“亨利·福特在汽车装配线上的巨大改进使T型汽车成为大多数美国人买得起的第一辆车。”可知,G项可以和上文构成因果关系。3.D　上文提到一个时间“in1925”,D项中的“Atthattime...”可与之相衔接。4.A　根据下文的“Workersstoodinfrontofaconveyorbelt”可知,此处介绍的是汽车装配线,故选A项。5.C　上文提到“今天,人们正在争相提高汽车的效率,并寻找绿色能源来为汽车提供动力”,由此可知,C项“拥有福特创造力的发明家会带来下一次革命吗?”可承接上文。