初中英语语法第10集 名师讲解+中考真题欣赏+配套练习题 状语从句(1)

这是一份初中英语语法第10集 名师讲解+中考真题欣赏+配套练习题 状语从句(1)，共12页。
第十五章 状语从句

【考点直击】
1. 时间状语从句
2. 条件状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
4. 结果状语从句
5. 比较状语从句
6. 目的状语从句
7. 让步状语从句
8. 地点状语从句
【名师点睛】
用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, befre, after, since, till, until, as sn as等连词来引导。例如：
It was raining hard when gt t schl yesterday.
While he was ding his hmewrk, the telephne rang.
As he walked alng the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese befre he came t China.
After he finished middle schl, he went t wrk in a factry.
(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
I’ll ring yu up as sn as I get t New Yrk.
I will tell him everything when he cmes back.
He wn’t believe it until he sees it with his wn eyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：
The yung man read till the light went ut.
Let’s wait until the rain stps.
We wn’t start until Bb cmes.
Dn’t get ff until the bus stps.
2. 条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：
What shall we d if it snws tmrrw?
Dn’t leave the building unless I tell yu t.
(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
I’ll help yu with yur English if am free tmrrw.
He wn’t be late unless he is ill.
(3)“祈使句 + and (r)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry up, r yu’ll be late.
=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu’ll be late.
Study hard and yu will pass the exam.
=If yu study hard, yu will pass the exam.
3. 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：
He didn’t cme t schl because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall nt g the z.
Since yu can’t answer the questin, I’ll ask smene else.
(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：
------Why aren’t ging there?
------Because I dn’t want t.
As he has n car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have n mney, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和s不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由s…that, such…that, s that引导。例如：
He is s pr that he can’t buy a bike fr his sn.
She is such a gd teacher that everybdy likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, s that I culdn’t see it.
(2)s…that语可以互换。例如：
在由引导的结果状语从句中，s是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “ + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：
He was s glad that he culdn’t say a wrd.
The hall is s big that it can hld 2,000 peple.
Mther lives s far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：
It was such a ht day that nbdy wanted t d anything.
He had such lng arms that he culd almst tuch the ceiling.
He made such rapid prgress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：
It was such a wnderful film that all f us wanted t see it again.
=The film was s wnderful that all f us wanted t see it again.
It is such an imprtant match that nbdy wants t miss it.
=The match is s imprtant that nbdy wants t miss it.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用s, 不用such。例如：
Sn there were s many deer that they ate up all the wild rses.
He has s little time that he can’t g t the cinema with yu.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：
Tm runs faster than Jhn des.
This classrm is as big as that ne.
6. 目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由 s that, in rder that引导。例如：
We started early s that we culd catch the first train.
He studies hard s that he culd wrk better in the future.
We used the cmputer in rder that we might save time.
(2)s that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, culd, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：
Speak clearly s that they may understand yu. (目的状语从句)
Jack is badly ill s that he has t rest. (结果状语从句)
7. 让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由althugh, thugh等连词引导。例如：
Thugh he is yung, he knws a lt.
Althugh I am tired, I must g n wrking.
(2)althugh(thugh)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Thugh it was raining hard, but he still went ut.
应该说：Thugh it was raining hard, he still went ut.或It was raining hard, but he still went ut.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：
G where yu like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
【实例解析】
1. (2004年北京市海淀区中考试题)
Yu will stay healthy _______ yu d mre exercise, such as running and walking.
A. if B. hw C. befre D. where
答案：A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。
2. (2004年江西省中考试题)
---Shall we g n wrking?
---Yes, _________ I prefer t have a rest.
A. when B. if C. because D. thugh
答案：D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选thugh才能说得通。
3. (2004年徐州市中考试题)
Nne f us knew what had happened _________ they tld us abut it.
A. when B. until C. after D. thugh
答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“nt…until” 这一句型。
4. (2004年泉州市中考试题)
---I hpe yu’ll enjy yur trip, dear!
---Thank yu, mum. I’ll give yu a call _________ I get there.
A. until B. as sn as C. since D. till
答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用as sn as。
【中考演练】
一. 单项填空
1. _______ he’s ld, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Thugh B. Since C. Fr D. S
2. ---D yu knw if he _______ t play basket ball with us?
---I think he will cme if he ______ free tmrrw.
A. cmes; is B. cmes; will be C. will cme; is D. will cme; will be
3. In the z if a child _____ int the water and can’t swim, the dlphins may cme up ______ him.
A. will fall; t help B. falls; t help
C. will fall; help D. falls; helping
4. I dn’t remember ________ he wrked in that city when he was yung.
A. what B. which C. where D. wh
5. We will stay at hme if my aunt ________ t visit us tmrrw.
A. cmes B. cme C. will cme D. is cming
6. The plice asked the children _______ crss the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. nt; befre B. dn’t; when C. nt t; until D. nt; after
7. I was late fr class yesterday _______ there was smething wrng with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
8. I’ll g swimming with yu if I ________ free tmrrw.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was
9. In the exam, the ________ yu are, ______ the _______ mistakes yu will make.
A. careful; little B. mre careful; fewest
C. mre careful; fewer D. mre careful; less
10. Yu shuld finish yur lessns _______ yu g ut t play.
A. befre B. after C. when D. while
11. I hurried _____ I wuldn’t be late fr class.
A. since B. s that C. as if D. unless
12. When yu read the bk, yu’d better make a mark _______ yu have any questins.
A. which B. that C. where D. thugh
13. The teacher raised his vice _______ all the students culd hear him.
A. fr B. s that C. because D. in rder
14. He tk ff his cat _______ he felt ht.
A. because B. as C. if D. since
15. It is ______ that we’d like t g ut fr a walk.
A. a lvely day B. t lvely a day
C. s lvely a day D. such lvely a day
16. Mary had ______ much wrk t d that she stayed at her ffice all day.
A. such B. s C. t D. very
17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried t finish the wrk.
A. Althugh B. Because C. As D. As if
18. ______ the day went n, the weather gt wrse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
19. ______ well yu can drive, yu must drive carefully.
A. S lng as B. In rder that
C. N matter hw D. The mment
20. Write t me as sn as yu ________ t Beijing.
A. will get B. get C. getting D. gt
二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]
1. 不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。
I am nt angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jkes he ______ n me.
2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。
Mrs Bruce was _______ kind t her students ______ they ______ her _____ their mther.
3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。
Our parents will be pleased with ur perfrmance _____ _____ ______ we try ur best.
4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？
Will yu please call me ______ ______ ______ yu get t Shanghai.
5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
The seven-year-ld girl likes playing the pian ______ ______ ______ she has kept
practicing fr tw years.
6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。
_______ _______ ______ _______, she kept n learning English by herself.
7. 他长大后相当一名记者。
He wants t be a jurnalist ______ _______ _______ _______.
8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。
_______ _______ windy r rainy, ur teacher is always the first t get t schl.
9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。
______ ______ ______ _____ _______ t prtecting the envirnment, the wrld will becme much mre beautiful.
10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。
Li Ming didn’t cme t schl _______ _______ ______ ______.
【练习答案】
一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B
二. 1. n matter what; plays 2.s; that; regarded; as 3. as lng as 4. as lng as 5. s much that 6. Thugh she was busy 7. when he grws up 8.Whether it’s 9. If everyne makes a cntributin 10. because he was ill