北师大2019选修四Unit 10 Section A　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1练习

Section A　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1

课后篇巩固提升

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.It’s true that Sally failed.However,it’s just at the moment she needs your 　　　　　(encourage). 

答案encouragement

2.The scientist put forward what opposed all the previous 　　　　　(theory). 

答案theories

3.The teacher told the naughty boy to leave as he was a 　　　　　(disturb) to the other students. 

答案disturbance

4.Michael and David watched the Beijing Opera,which they thought was very 　　　　　(impress). 

答案impressive

5.Liu Gang made an 　　　　　(apologise) to the teacher for his telling a lie. 

答案apology

6.Going to the concert got him 　　　　　(release) from his sufferings for the moment. 

答案released

7.The farmers didn’t go back home 　　　　　they harvested all the crops in the field. 

答案until

8.In the last game,Bruce got hurt.It was for this reason 　　　　　he was absent from this match. 

答案that

Ⅱ.短语填空

hang out,sort out,deliver...to...,take a photo of,argue with,have problems with,go over,get on well with,base...on...,refer to

1.At the Tian’anmen Square we 　　　　　　　those foreigners who enjoyed themselves there. 

答案took a photo of

2.You must 　　　　　your theory 　　　　　practice.Only in this way can you make it acceptable. 

答案base;on

3.It’s useful 　　　　　　　what you have learned from time to time. 

答案to go over

4.After graduation,Sue 　　　　　　　　　in America,doing nothing meaningful. 

答案hung out

5.A solution must be found 　　　　　　　the problem. 

答案to sort out

6.Fred 　　　　　　　　　pronouncing many Chinese characters,so he turned to his Chinese friends for help. 

答案had problems with

7.If you can’t remember the content,you can 　　　　　　　your notes. 

答案refer to

8.Calm down.Stop 　　　　　　　each other over something meaningless. 

答案arguing with

9.We’ll 　　　　　these supplies 　　　　　the disastrous area as soon as possible. 

答案deliver;to

10.The parents felt very pleased because their son could 　　　　　　　　　his new classmates. 

答案get on well with

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.你并不必让每个人都接受你的观点,实际上我们应该求同存异。

You don’t have to have everyone accept your opinion.In face we’re supposed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案to agree to disagree

2.这一问题十分重要。一旦被忽视,它会导致严重的后果。

This issue is very important.　　　　　 　　　　　,it will cause serious results. 

答案Once ignored

3.下周我们将举行一系列的课外活动。

Next week we’ll hold 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　extra-curricular activities. 

答案a chain of

4.研究人员选取了60名成年人,随机将他们分为3组,每组20人。

Researchers took sixty adults and 　　　　　　　　　　split them into three groups of twenty. 

答案at random

5.正是那场大雪毁坏了数百栋房子。

　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　damaged hundreds of houses. 

答案It was the heavy snow that

关键能力提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

A new study,published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology,found that communication that included voice,like a phone call or video chat,created stronger social bonds than communication through typing,like text messaging or email.

In the study,researchers used various experiments to measure connectedness.In one,they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then asked people at random (随机地) to do one or the other.Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward,hearing someone’s voice actually made the experience better.

“People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone than by email,and they did not feel more awkward,” study co-author Amit Kumar,an assistant professor of marketing at the McCombs School of Business,said in a statement.

In another experiment,the researchers had strangers connect by either texting,talking over video chat,or talking using only audio.They found that both forms of voice communication—whether video or audio only—made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated by texting.

Sabrina Romanoff,a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City,says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience,as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can“exchange information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person”.

Romanoff says that in reality,texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation.“A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the exact effects of the message,” she explains.“Each party is more present,and therefore,able to measure the meaning behind the content without reflecting on the endless possible meanings behind words.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究发现,与文字相比,语音能建立更强的社交纽带。

1.How was the study carried out?

A.By analysing data.

B.By interviewing experts.

C.By doing experiments.

D.By doing online research.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the study,researchers used various experiments to measure connectedness.”可知,研究人员是通过做实验展开研究,故选C项。

2.What did people expect before making a phone call in the experiment?

A.Email would help them form a stronger bond.

B.Hearing someone’s voice would be awkward.

C.A stronger bond would be formed on the phone.

D.Hearing someone’s voice made the experience better.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although people expected that a phone call would be more awkward,hearing someone’s voice actually made the experience better.”可知,打电话之前,人们认为听到别人的声音会很尴尬,故选B项。

3.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Texting helps to exchange information exactly.

B.Calling makes it easier to get the exact message.

C.Romanoff doesn’t agree with the result of the study.

D.People can keep the message under control by texting.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,打电话能够让人获得更准确的信息,故选B项。

4.What is the best title of the text?

A.Reasons for Calling Instead of Texting

B.Convenience of Making a Phone Call

C.Differences Between Calling and Texting

D.Introduction to the Result of a New Study

答案A

解析主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段内容可知,本文主要介绍的是与文字相比,语音能建立更强的社交纽带,故选A项。

B

I was out for my usual morning run and found myself in the late-summer heat,wishing I had taken a water bottle.When I stopped under a bridge for a moment of shade,I saw two young,scruffy men standing next to their sleeping bags.One smiled and gently raised his hand as if motioning “hello” but didn’t say a word.He wasn’t asking for anything.I smiled and made the same motion back to him.

As I started back on my run,I thought about how much we all crave a connection.In that moment,this homeless man seemed to want to connect more than he wanted food or money.We have all had experiences of feeling separate and lonely.I have felt lonely being in a relationship that was void of emotional connection.Feeling separation doesn’t have anything to do with being alone.Being with people is about the human desire to feel connected by being seen and valued by another person.If your tendency is to spend time alone,practice saying yes to invitations.Practice moving towards rather than away from people.

We all benefit from connections.That homeless man impacted my day.After encountering him,I felt more grateful—appreciating all that I have.He triggered my compassion—I found myself feeling empathy for him.I had the choice to move towards separation or connection.Were there many ways in which he and I are very different?Absolutely! Are there many ways in which we are alike?Absolutely! I can reflect on times when I was in a situation I had never expected,times when I felt broken,times when I felt at a low point,and times when I needed someone to stop and acknowledge me as he may have been feeling this morning.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者在晨跑中遇到的流浪汉这件小事,明白了人需要与外界保持联系。

5.Why did the author stop under a bridge?

A.To greet two homeless people.

B.To take a break.

C.To get a water bottle.

D.To ask for help.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I stopped under a bridge for a moment of shade”可知,作者在晚夏时跑步,炎热难耐,希望喝一杯水。所以,其在桥下停下来是为了躲避炎热,进行短暂的休息。故选B项。

6.What does the underlined word “crave” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Praise. B.Describe.

C.Have a desire for. D.Develop a dislike in.

答案C

解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子的下文“In that moment,this homeless man seemed to want to connect more than he wanted food or money.”可知,作者感慨人类渴望与他人联系,画线词表示“渴望”。故选C项。

7.Which word can describe the author’s feeling after meeting the homeless people?

A.Sorrowful. B.Relieved.

C.Embarrassed. D.Thankful.

答案D

解析观点态度题。根据文章第三段中的“After encountering him,I felt more grateful—appreciating all that I have.He triggered my compassion—I found myself feeling empathy for him.”可知,在遇见他之后,作者更加珍惜感恩所拥有的。故选D项。

8.What is the best title of the passage?

A.Connection! We Need It!

B.Homeless People Need Care

C.A Meaningful Day

D.Ask for Separation

答案A

解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要说明了人需要与外界保持联系。故选A项。

Ⅴ.七选五

Delivering presentations is an everyday art form that anyone can master.To capture your audience’s attention,present your information with ease and confidence.Act as if you are in a conversation with your audience,and they will pay attention to you.　1　 

Give it the “bar” test.The “bar” test ensures that your idea is clear and your storytelling is effective.Before you write your presentation,make notes sketching out your message.Think of it as a story,with a beginning,middle,and end.Then ask a colleague or friend who knows nothing about your project to listen to your summary.　2　 

Prepare for nerves.It’s important to rehearse(预演) in front of people because it will make you less nervous when the time comes.If you tend to get nervous when you give presentations,you can go further during your rehearsals in order to reduce your nerves.　3　 For instance,if your fear is “I’ll forget what I’m saying”,you can prepare a plan like,“If I forget what I’m saying,I’ll pause,scan my notes,and find the next important point I need to make.” 

　4　 Smile,raise your eyebrows,and otherwise tell your story through feelings as well as facts.Show your audience your own passion for the topic.Say everything as if you find it interesting and expect them to be interested by it as well.Your enthusiasm will be infectious. 

Find ways to make your presentation interactive.　5　 Ask someone to tell a joke to get you warmed up,or quiz audience members about their experience with something related to your topic.If it’s a large group,ask questions that each audience member can answer with a show of hands. 

A.Show your emotion.

B.Mind your body language.

C.It’s good to think about what you’ll do in each situation.

D.If they can summarize your message accurately,that’s a good sign.

E.To get this level of fluency,you’d better practice,practice and practice.

F.If you are working with a small crowd,you can talk directly to members of the audience.

G.It may help to start your presentation with a question or a dilemma so they feel involved from the start.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。演讲是每个人都能掌握的日常艺术形式,本文给出了关于如何做好演讲的四条建议。

1.E　空处所填句子起到承上启下的作用,文章开头指出为了达到流畅演讲的程度,你需要吸引听众的注意力,下文给出了具体措施。E项“要达到流畅的程度,你最好练习练习再练习”符合语境。故选E项。

2.D　根据上文“Then ask a colleague or friend who knows nothing about your project to listen to your summary.”可知,让同事或朋友来听总结。D项“如果他们能准确地总结你的信息,那是个好兆头”符合语境,故选D项。

3.C　根据下文“For instance,if your fear is ‘I’ll forget what I’m saying’,you can prepare a plan like,‘If I forget what I’m saying,I’ll pause,scan my notes,and find the next important point I need to make.’”可知,作者举例来假设场景,并提出了建议。C项“思考在每种情况下你会怎么做是件好事”承接下文,故选C项。

4.A　设空处为本段主旨句。阅读本段可知,此段主要讲述了在演讲的时候向观众显露你自己的情绪。A项“表达你的情感”精确地概括了段落主旨,故选A项。

5.F　根据下文“If it’s a large group,ask questions that each audience member can answer with a show of hands.”可知,F项“如果你在一小群人中演讲,你可以直接和观众交谈”符合语境,故选F项。