第4讲 过去分词 -2022年高考英语二轮复习高频考点非谓语动词巧学巧练

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“高考英语精品课程” 非谓语动词
第四讲：过去分词
兴趣导入：
过去分词的形式通常是由动词原形后加ed构成（但也有不规则的形式）过去分词只有一种形式，它兼有动词，形容词，副词的特征，因而在句中可以作状语，定语，表语和宾语补足语等。
知识点回顾：
过去分词的功能：
状语
Covered with snow, the hill is still visited.
那座山虽然被雪覆盖，但仍然有人光顾。
定语
The hill covered with snow is hard to climb up.
那座被雪覆盖的山很难爬上去。
表语
The hill is covered with snow all year round.
那座山终年被雪覆盖。
I am interested in the book.
宾补
I find the hill covered with snow.我发现那座山被雪覆盖。
=The hill is found covered with snow.
专题精讲；
在英语高考中，主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语、宾补的用法。
非谓语动词快速解题法（解题秘诀：九阴（字）真经）
找对象(主语）---定关系（主语与动词之间的关系）---做选择（答案，时间先后）
______an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer
考点1：过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，表示与句子主语之间的被动关系。
1. Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.(原因）
2. Given more time, he could have done it better.（条件）
3. The teacher entered the lab, followed by his students.(伴随）
【活学活用】
1._________about his address, the boy didn’t respond.(ask)
2. (encourage) by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
注意：.“be+过去分词+介词”结构，表状态。
可以用作谓语、主语或状语。

常考短语：be compared with/to be faced with be interested in be lost in
be dressed in be situated in be located in be determined to
be devoted to be added to be absorbed in be made from
remain seated be tired /bored of be founded in hidden
Be trapped in be equipped with be addicted to be accustomed to
活学活用：
1. _________in the a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
2. ________in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
3. ___________ with China, America is different.
___________China with America, you may find the differences.
＿＿＿＿＿＿ China with America, and you may find the differences
A. Compared B. To compare C. Compare D. Comparing
考点2: 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词.
单个分词常作前置定语，分词短语多作后置定语；
过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。
【活学活用】
1. Do you know the girl ___________(employ)by this company?
2. Can those / (sit/seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
考点3: 过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作补足语，逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语,用作观感使役类动词的宾补，如see, watch, hear, notice, have, make, leave, keep, find。
【活学活用】
1. I noticed his wallet __________by the thief.(steal)
2. I found the visitors __________in the forest.(lose)
拓展：
用于“with+名词/代词+过去分词”结构作宾补；
省略 with则转化为“名词/代词+过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。
【活学活用】
1. With the difficult problem_________(settle), he threw himself in the sofa in relief.
2. With the task _______________(complete), they went home happily.

考点4: 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain, sound, feel等系动词之后；
“get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。
形容词做状语，表示主语所处的状态
副词做状语一般修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。_____________________________________

1) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.
A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired
C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired
2)_________ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired

考点5：过去分词用于谚语、插入语
Compared with traditional education, online education has many advantages.
【活学活用】
1. Well (begin), half done.
2. Friendship is like money: easier made than (keep).
巩固练习
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.【2021·北京卷】There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,18．(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
【答案】caused
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。
2.（2021年1月浙江高考）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 17． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【答案】studied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
3. (2021·全国乙) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ________ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
4. (2021·新高考全国)But that’s how nature is — always leaving us (astonish).
5. ___________(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
6. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ____ ____(challenge).
7. Ordinary soap, _________(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
8. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________(take).
9. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.
10.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time ___________(spend) with his students.
答案：3. educated 4. astonished 5. Completed 6.challenged 7. used 8. taken 9. swept 10. spent
拓展练习
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
语法填空：真题回放
1. ___________(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
2. ____________(gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
3. ______________(offered) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.
4. “In the beginning , there was only small amount of unfairness in the world , but everyone added a little, always ___________(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
5. Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __________(wear) sun glasses.
6. I suggest we should visit the Palace Museum __________(build) 600 years ago.
7. The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____________(stand) in one corner.
8. Storms swept along New Mexico’s border with Texas on Friday, ______________(destroy)homes and other buildings.
9. He got up early ________________(catch) the first bus.
10. Passengers are permitted _______________(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
11. _____________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
12. With the government’s aid, those _________(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
13. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _______(remind) of his own dreams.
14. Hearing the good news, I felt a heavy load (take) off my mind.
15. When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth (examine)?
16. _______(face) with so much trouble, China has succeeded controlling the spread of covid-19.
17. The police recommended that the (injure) in the accident (take) to the hospital.
18. Unless _____________(invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
19. _______ (locate) in the center of the city, the park is a good place for a rest at weekends.
20. When he came back to life，he found himself lying on the floor, with his hands __________ (tie) behind.

答案：11. interested 12. affected 13. reminded 14. taken 15. examined 16. faced 17. injured; should be taken 18. invited 19. located 20. tied
单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21. (2020·全国I) I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
22. With the boy led the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest.
23. Concerning about her son’s future, the mother has been sleeping very badly these months.
24. Compare with her achievements, her shortcomings are only secondary.
25. I absolutely hate it when people eat at my house and have their eyes gluing to their phones for the entire meal.
26. “It's really a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table reserve for customers
27. Convincing that I would try my best to help him, he became less worried.
28. With a lot of difficult problems solve, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
29. The elevator doors slid open, and a couple, dressing in elegant coats, appeared with shopping bags.
30. I am used to reading China Daily every morning, as it can keep me informing of the present events both at home and abroad.
21. frying改为fried 22. led改为leading 23. Concerning改为Concerned 24.Compare改为Compared 225. gluing改为glued 26.reserve改为reserved 27. Convincing改为Convinced 28. solve前加to 29. dressing改为dressed 30. informing改为informed
单句填空
1.They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
【参考答案】decorated　句中them与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
2.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ________ (challenge)．
【参考答案】looking; challenged　avoid后接动名词作宾语，avoid doing sth 意为“避免做某事”。feel为系动词，后接形容词，此处表“被挑战的”，修饰人，故用challenged。
3.Earth Day, ________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
【参考答案】marked　句意：地球日定于4月22日，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。设空处作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且与Earth Day是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作定语。
4.Ordinary soap, ________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
【参考答案】used　句意：普通肥皂，如果正确地使用，能够有效地对付细菌。设空处的动词use与前面的soap构成动宾关系，指肥皂被使用，故填used作状语。
5.Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially ________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
【参考答案】designed　a course与design是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。
6. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ________ (take)．
【参考答案】taken　have sth done “让……被做”，photograph与take之间为被动关系，故用taken
语法填空
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will become stronger from the coronavirus (冠状病毒) challenge, experts said at a conference on Tuesday, while 61 (praise) China's efforts to stop the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic (传

染病).
Speaking at the conference 62 (title) "Battling Coronavirus," Sumit Mullick, chief information commissioner of India's southwestern state of Maharashtra, said that China has created a
new criterion in addressing a heath issue by quarantining (隔离) Wuhan, the city of the virus outbreak.
“The coronavirus does not understand or respect borders. It does not need a visa or passport." Mullick said. "Challenges are 63 (true) in global in nature.”

However, Chinese labs have quickly decoded the coronavirus and shared it with the world, 64 are now working on a new vaccine, he said.
R. N. Bhaskar, a senior journalist and consulting editor with Indian English newspaper Free Press

Journal, said China is doing all it can 65 (contain) the spread of the virus and create a vaccine.

“As 66 very big player in the global economy, there will be negative impact 67 the Chinese economy for a temporary period. However, thanks to the swift responses to the virus outbreak, the Chinese economy will overcome this crisis and become stronger," he added.
Health officials at the conference also listed the steps 68 (take) to fight the virus and shared

their experiences in fighting misinformation and raising 69 (aware) among the public at large.

The event 70 (organize) jointly by the Observer Research Foundation, a think-tank body, along with the Chinese Consulate General in Mumbai.


第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10
处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺的词处加漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

Welcome to my school! When you arrive, there will be a party for you holding by my classmates. You may attend to English classes to feel a differently learning style. After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life. You can have meals together chatting anything that interests us.
The host family will also show you around some famous scenic spot. You can see pictures and

statues of pandas everywhere because our city was home to pandas. There are many kinds of souvenirs to choose from.
So isn't it the good idea to buy some for your friends? Write to me unless you have any questions about the schedule.

语法填空答案：

61. praising 62. titled 63. truly 64. which 65. to contain

66. a 67. on 68. taken 69. awareness 70. was organized

短文改错答案：
1.holding → held 2.去掉 to 3. differently → different 4. that → where 5. 在 chatting 后加

about 6. us → you 7. spot → spots 8. was → is 9. the → a 10. unless → if