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    这是一份押天津卷1—15题 单项选择-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题(天津卷),文件包含押天津卷115题单项选择解析版-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题天津卷docx、押天津卷115题单项选择原卷版-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题天津卷docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共63页, 欢迎下载使用。
    押天津卷第1—15题
    单项填空

    2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(天津卷)系统考查学生英语学科的学科素养,出题题型以及试卷整体难度与往年基本保持一致。基础语言语法知识的考查都处于新高考大纲范围之内,题型稳定的同时,更深入考查学生用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。培养学生既要具备中国人自己的文化信仰和文化自信,又兼具国际性开放包容的视野,同时展现更多的人文关怀,体现了高考在顶层设计上展现立德树人的根本性的素质教育目标。
    调研2019至2021年新高考天津卷真题可以看出,单项选择的考查是天津卷高考高考英语中的独特形式,保留了以往旧高考的语法考查形式,知识点考查比较全面,包括基础语法知识和情景交际的素养知识。该题型强调考生在句子语境中加工处理语言语法知识信息、分析句子结构、综合运用词汇、语法和世界常识的能力。单项选择整体难度与往年大体相同。无论从题目的难度、广度,还是题型的知识点设定上,基本都延续了往年的出题模式和准度,在此基础上,体现了高考稳中有变,变中求稳的趋势。


    年份
    命题调研
    时态语态
    情态虚拟

    非谓语

    动词考点

    名词代词

    形容词
    副词

    情景交际

    名词性从句

    定语从句

    状语从句

    介词

    连词

    固定搭配
    2019
    2
    2
    2
    1
    2
    1
    2
    0
    1
    0
    1
    1
    0
    2020(5月)
    2
    1
    2
    1
    1
    1
    2
    1
    1
    1
    2
    0
    0
    2020(7月)
    2
    1
    2
    3
    0
    1
    2
    1
    1
    0
    1
    1
    0
    2021(3月)
    2
    1
    1
    1
    1
    2
    2
    0
    2
    1
    0
    1
    1
    2021(6月)
    2
    1
    0
    3
    1
    2
    2
    1
    1
    0
    0
    1 1

    天津新高考英语试卷中,单项选择是其重要组成部分,注意掌握正确的做题方法和技巧,就可以收到良好的提分效果。在此,总结出快速突破单项选择的几种技巧,助力2022届天津新高考的考生。
    1. 学好介词和连词。
    近两年连词的考查每年都有,而介词的考查比重有所减少,但不排除今年高考的再度关注。根据以往出题趋势,往往前一年不考不涉及的知识点,会在下一年度出现。所以有必要掌握好介词和连词这两个小类。
    2. 善用排除法。
    选项四个答案似是而非,就要利用排除法了,细读语义进行语法句子结构分析,确定其他选项不正确,
    那么没有被排除的答案基本就是正确答案。
    3. 对比观察句子法。
    做题过程中,考生可以将答案从时态、语态、语气、同义词、动词和名词形式特点等方面进行对比分
    析,这种方法一般适用于难于判断的句子时态和语态,如考生可根据动词的过去式,还是动词原形,可判断出句子的时态信息和语态信息,最后有助于选出正确答案。
    4. 把握上下文语境。
    “语境”提供交际情景信息,帮助交际双方正确理解交际内容,体现在做题中,需要考生综合运用语言知识对特定的语境作出恰当的反应,以达到交际的目的。所以我们做题时,应联系上下文情境,甚至要结合一定的文化背景知识,来读出句子中字里行间的意思。
    5. 充分利用语感做题。
    英语语感是长期性地阅读英语短文得到的一种感觉,实际上,更是一种语法感,看到一句话,马上判断出句子的主语、谓语、宾语等成分,这对日常做题很有帮助。当你可能看到某个题目,一眼就能悟到其答案,就是语感在做题中的指向和引导,因此培养语感也很重要。

    Passage 1(2021•天津6月卷•第1—15题)
    1. —I was trying to place an order on your website, but I failed.
    —________ .I can take your order over the phone.
    A. That’s fine B. No way C. My pleasure D. Of course
    【答案】A
    【1题详解】考查情景交际。句意:——我想在你们的网站上下订单,但是我失败了。——我可以通过电话帮您点餐。A. That’s fine没关系;B. No way不行,没门;C. My pleasure不客气;D. Of course当然。根据“I can take your order over the phone”可知,此处表示没有关系。故选A。
    2. I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some.
    A. made up for B. run out of
    C. kept away from D. got down to
    【答案】B
    【2题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我想包饺子,但发现我的面粉用完了,所以我出去买了一些。A. made up for弥补;B. run out of用完,用尽;C. kept away from远离,回避;D. got down to开始认真做。结合句意,此处指“用完”了面粉。故选B。
    3. Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
    A. because B. until C. before D. although
    【答案】A
    【3题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:感到恐惧是有益于健康的,因为它能帮助你慢下来,正确评估风险。A. because因为;B. until直到;C. before在……之前;D. although虽然。根据语境,主句提到healthy(有益于健康的),连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的,这是一个原因状语从句,适用because(因为)引导,故选A。
    4. Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.
    A. has offered B. has been offered
    C. had offered D. had been offered
    【答案】D
    【4题详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意:马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候,已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句,含By the time引导的时间状语从句,主句动作先于从句动作,且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系,是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
    5. The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.
    A. Generally B. Originally
    C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终,他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A. Generally通常,普遍地;B. Originally起初,原来,独创地;C. Eventually最终;D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意,警察一直在努力找证据,努力有了结果,最终找到了,故选C。
    6. It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
    A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant
    【答案】C
    【6题详解】考查形容词。句意:如果你首选的旅游景点没有了,选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的;B. exact准确的;C. alternative替代的;D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地,应用alternative。故选C。
    7. In the spring, a season ______we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world.
    A. when B. where C. what D. which
    【答案】A
    【7题详解】考查定语从句。句意:春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节,许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作时间状语,定语从句由关系副词when引导。故选A。
    8. Nowadays many people travel across China ________ high-speed trains.
    A. on behalf of B. by means of
    C. at cost of D. in terms of
    【答案】B
    【8题详解】考查固定短语。句意:如今,许多人乘高铁在中国各地旅行。A. on behalf of代表,为了;B. by means of用,依靠,借助于;C. at cost of以……为代价;D. in terms of在……方面,依据,按照。分析语境,人们去旅行,用的交通工具是高铁(借助于高铁),仅有B符合语境,故选B。
    9. In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer ________.
    A. system B. method C. investment D. environment
    【答案】D
    【9题详解】考查名词。句意:在实验室里,保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更安全的环境。A. system体系,系统;B. method方法;C. investment投资;D. environment环境。根据常识可知,保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安全的实验环境(environment)。故选D项。
    10. Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.
    A. delivered B. will be delivering
    C. was delivering D. has been delivering
    【答案】B
    【10题详解】考查将来进行时。句意:大家晚上好,金教授马上要发表演讲,但(开始之前)让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment(立即,即将,一会儿)的提示,可知教授的演讲还未开始,用将来时态(一般将来时或将来进行时),仅有B符合题意,是将来进行时的结构,故选B。
    11. It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
    A. when B. where C. what D. whether
    【答案】C
    【11题详解】考查宾语从句。句意:似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句,从句缺少引导词,且从句中的be缺少表语,所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。
    12. —I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players.
    —________ You’ve got nowhere to go but up.
    A. Tell me a bit more.
    B. I'm not so sure about that.
    C. Look on the bright side!
    D. That is absolute nonsense!
    【答案】C
    【12题详解】考查交际用语。句意:——我告诉过你!我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些;B.I'm not so sure about that对此我不确定;C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度;D.That is absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You've got nowhere to go but up. ”可知,此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。
    13. Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
    A. stayed B. turned C. grown D. got
    【答案】A
    【13题详解】考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意:虽然有一些人来了又走了,但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持;B.turned变成(某种颜色);C.grown变得;D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知,这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”,表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。
    14. Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills.
    A. to have taught B. to teach C. teaching D. having taught
    【答案】B
    【14题详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意:玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师,因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.,意为“雇佣某人做某事”,根据句意,故选B。
    15. —I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
    —Wel1, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
    A. may have made
    B. should have made
    C. Couldn’t have made
    D. needn't have made
    【答案】A
    【15题详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:—老实说,我觉得我不会被录取。—唉,谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能;B.should have made本应该做;C.couldn’t have made不可能做;D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知,此处表示的是有可能,故选A。
    Passage 2(2021•天津3月卷•第1—15题)
    1. —Are you done with the book I gave you?
    — ________. I’m still reading the last chapter.
    A. Hard to say B. Not quite C. Of course D. It all depends
    【答案】B
    【1题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——我给你的那本书你看完了吗?——还没完全看完。我还在看最后一章。A. Hard to say很难说;B. Not quite不完全,未必;C. Of course当然;D. It all depends要看情况而定。根据后文“I'm still reading the last chapter.”可知书还没完全看完,not quite符合语境。故选B。
    2. We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
    A. unless B. once C. whether D. because
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】
    考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意:无论是在工作中,在家里,还是在学校,我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非;B.once 一旦;C.whether无论;是否;D.because 因为。分析句子,该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句,根据句意及后面的or,需要表示“无论是…还是…”,whether符合题意。故选C项。
    3. We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let’s take a break.
    A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing
    【答案】A
    【3题详解】
    考查时态。句意:今天上午我们做的工作够多的了,现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知,做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在,应用现在完成时。故选A。
    4. While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won’t make any dangerous errors.
    A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted
    【答案】B
    【4题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的;B. focused专注的;C. amused被逗乐的;D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误,攀岩的时候需要保持专注,focused符合语境。故选B。
    5. Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, ________ just depending on the teacher.
    A. rather than B. regardless of C. due to D. in terms of
    【答案】A
    【5题详解】
    考查固定搭配。句意:鼓励学生掌控自己的学习,而不是只依赖老师。A. rather than 而不是; B. regardless of 不管,不顾;C. due to 由于; D. in terms of 就……而言。根据前半句鼓励学生掌握自己的学习,可知,后半句应该是而不是依赖老师。故选A。
    6. —How’s the project going?
    —________. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
    A. Easy come easy go B. Far from it C. By all means D. So far so good
    【答案】D
    【6题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——这个项目进展的如何?——到目前为止,一直都还不错。我们要做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy come easy go 来得容易去得也快;B.Far from it 远非如此;C.By all means 尽一切办法,务必;D.So far so good 到目前为止,一直都还不错。根据下半句可知,目前进展还不错。故选D。
    7. Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science.
    A. traditions B. advances C. pressures D. examples
    【答案】B
    【7题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A. traditions传统;B. advances前进,进步;C. pressures压力;D. examples例子。根据上文“Great improvements in public health have been brought about”可知,公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的,advances符合语境。故选B。
    8. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
    A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom
    【答案】A
    【8题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,past mistakes为现行词,_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词can learn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learn from“从……中学习”,可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。
    9. China’s National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views.
    A. to extend B. extended C. extending D. being extended
    【答案】C
    【9题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动,所以用extending。故选C。
    10. As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
    A. Increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly
    【答案】A
    【10题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地,渐增地;B. equally相等地;C. nervously紧张地;D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易,是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍,increasingly符合语境。故选A。
    11. Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
    A. judge B. differ C. withdraw D. benefit
    【答案】C
    【11题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断;B. differ不同;C. withdraw抽身,撤退;D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系,所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来,withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
    12. Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
    A. were displaying B. are displaying
    C. were being displayed D. are being displayed
    【答案】D
    【12题详解】
    考查时态和语态。目前,大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里,要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知,应该用现在进行时;display与主语works之间为被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。
    13. What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
    A. whether B. why C. what D. when
    【答案】B
    【13题详解】
    考查连接词词义辨析。句意:令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否;B. why为什么;C. what什么,所…的事儿;D. when什么时间,…的时间。分析句子,该空需要一个表语从句的连接词,结合句意,应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。
    14. It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
    A. need B. should C. could D. must
    【答案】C
    【14题详解】
    考查情态动词。句意:以前你可能在这里开了几英里,都没见过别人,但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要;B. should 应该,理应如此; C. could 可能,表示对客观可能性的推测;D. must 一定,必须。根据前半句意思可知,表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
    15. At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
    A. where B. which C. that D. when
    【答案】A
    【15题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知,stands 作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ,从句中不缺主宾表,故选关系副词,先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语,所以应用where。故选A。
    Passage 3(2020•天津7月卷•第1—15题)
    1. Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
    A. must B. can C. need D. should
    【答案】B
    【1题详解】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里,只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must必须;B. can能,可以;C. need需要;D. should应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,Jim许可我们待在他的房子里,即:我们”能,可以”待在他的房子里。故选B。
    2. —You are a great swimmer.
    —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
    A. have been practising B. was practising
    C. would practise D. had practised
    【答案】A
    【2题详解】
    考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知,“练习游泳”从数天前开始,一直持续到现在,因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。
    3. —Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
    —______. I will.
    A. My pleasure B. No wonder C. Good point D. Never mind
    【答案】C
    【3题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打个电话。--好主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸,别客气;B. No wonder难怪;C. Good point好主意;D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知,第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故C选项符合语境。故选C。
    4. ______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
    A. To help B. Helped C. Helping D. Being helped
    【答案】A
    【4题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知,老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。
    5. —Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?
    —______. I’ll drive her there.
    A. Have a try B. Don’t mention it C. Don’t bother D. Go ahead
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗?--不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试吧;B. Don’t mention it别客气,不用谢;C. Don’t bother不用麻烦了;D. Go ahead走吧,干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知,第二个人会送莎拉去机场,因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。故选C。
    6. Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
    A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
    【答案】A
    【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了,他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句,修饰Dr. Rowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”,表示“……的” ,应用关系代词whose引导该从句,故选A。
    7. According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.
    A. worthwhile B. necessary C. optional D. serious
    【答案】C
    【7题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法,如果我们不想读这本书,就不必读,因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的;B. necessary必要的;C. optional 可选择的,选修的;D. serious严肃的,认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知,这本书读不读都可以,由此可知,它是“可选择的”。故选C。
    8. I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
    A. drank a toast to B. played a joke on
    C. kept an eye on D. made an apology to
    【答案】C
    【8题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯;B. played a joke on开……的玩笑;C. kept an eye on照看,留意,密切注视;D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子,所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境,故选C。
    9. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since.
    A. are remaining B. have remained
    C. is remaining D. has remained
    【答案】D
    【9题详解】
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初,医学院的数量达到了18所,此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语,句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools,the number of表示“……的数目”,中心词是number,所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上,故选D。
    10. —Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much.
    —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad.
    A. Only if B. Even though C. Now that D. In case
    【答案】B
    【10题详解】
    考查连词词义辨析。句意:--人们为什么喜欢流行音乐?我非常讨厌它。--即使这不是你的风格,也不意味着它不好。A. Only if只有在……的时候;B. Even though即使,尽管;C. Now that既然;D. In case以防,万一。前半句说:它不是你的风格;后半句说:这并不意味着流行音乐不好。很明显,前后两句之间是转折关系,空处引导让步状语从句。故选B。
    11. We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
    A. understood B. accepted C. compromised D. declined
    【答案】D
    【11题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解;B. accepted接受;C. compromised妥协;D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知,Sharon想自己回家,所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
    12. For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
    A. in the shape of B. beyond the reach of
    C. at the mercy of D. on the side of
    【答案】A
    【12题详解】
    考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候,妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状;B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配;D. on the side of拥护……,站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
    13. We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
    A. take up B. carry out C. keep on D. put off
    【答案】D
    【13题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据; B. carry out实施;C. keep on 继续;D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知,我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以,我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
    14. The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
    A. being clapped B. clap C. clapped D. clapping
    【答案】D
    【14题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中,have表示“使……处于……状态”。______ for 10 minutes作伴随状语,其逻辑主语the audience和clap之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。故选D。
    15. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
    A. that B. what C. when D. where
    【答案】B
    【15题详解】
    考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
    Passage 4(2020•天津5月卷•第1—15题)
    1. —You seem to be in a really good mood.
    — I finished my last test today. ___________! Now I’m free.
    A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point
    【答案】B
    【1题详解】
    考查交际用语。句意:——你看起来心情很好。——我今天完成了最后一次考试。我总算松了一口气!现在我自由了。A. What a pity真遗憾;B. What a relief       总算松了一口气;C. I’ve got it我明白了;D. I’ve missed the point我错过了重点。根据“I finished my last test today.”可知,完成最后一场考试后终于松了一口气。故选B。
    2. His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America’s greatest writers.
    A. trust B. contact C. reputation D. theory
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来,这树立了他作为美国伟大作家之一的声誉。A. trust信任;B. contact联系;C. reputation声誉;D. theory理论。根据句意,尤其是greatest writers可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境,故选C项。
    3. You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
    A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn't
    【答案】D
    【3题详解】
    考查情态动词+ have done。句意:你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟,他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事,must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测;should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做;mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。
    4. The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs.
    A. look over B. bring in C. put aside D. knock out
    【答案】B
    【4题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果能够证明新技术能降低生产成本,公司愿意引进。A. look over检查,察看;B. bring in引进;C. put aside把……放在一边,暂不考虑;D. knock out击倒,打破。根据“if it can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知,此处指公司引进新技术,故选B。
    5. ___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
    A. Having completed B. Being completed
    C. Completed D. Completing
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼,它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired,此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系,用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式,不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
    6. Modern women are energetic, ambitious, and most of all, persistent _________their goal.
    A. in pursuit of B. in return for C. in touch with D. in contrast to
    【答案】A
    【6题详解】
    考查介词短语辨析。句意:现代女性充满活力、有抱负,最重要的是坚持追求她们的目标。A. in pursuit of追求;B. in return for作为……回报;C. in touch with保持联系;D. in contrast to与……对比鲜明。根据句意可知,此处用in pursuit of“追求”符合语境,故选A项。
    7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
    A. which B. when C. where D. who
    【答案】B
    【7题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画,直到20世纪90年代初,他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句,先行词是the early 1990 s,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。故选B。
    8. Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am __________ and have to catch the 11:00 train.
    A. on a limited budget B. in high spirits
    C. on a tight schedule D. in deep doubt
    【答案】C
    【8题详解】
    考查介词短语辨析。句意:9点的会议不要迟到,因为我的时间很紧,必须赶11点的火车。A. on a limited budget预算有限;B. in high spirits情绪高涨;C. on a tight schedule日程很紧;D. in deep doubt深度怀疑。根据句意和“have to catch the 11:00 train”可知是日程安排很紧,故选C。
    9. —The machine is working again!
    —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________.
    A. has been fixed B. is being fixed
    C. had been fixed D. would be fixed
    【答案】A
    【9题详解】
    考查动词时态。句意:机器又运转了!是的,昨天机器出故障了,但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知,此处使用现在完成时,表示截至目前已经完成的动作。故选A项。
    10. With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have _____________developed over the years.
    A. steadily B. differently C. independently D. formally
    【答案】A
    【10题详解】
    考查副词辨析。句意:随着互联网的广泛使用,世界各地的通信多年来稳步发展。A. steadily稳定地,,稳固地;B. differently不同地;C. independently独立地;D. formally正式地。此处指稳步发展,故选A。
    11. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
    A. is B. are C. was D. were
    【答案】 D
    【11题详解】
    考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:去年进行的一项调查显示,该市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知,主句时态为一般过去时,根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时,且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数,按照主谓一致原则,因此使用be动词were。故选D项。
    12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
    A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
    【答案】B
    【12题详解】
    考查宾语从句。句意:我的祖母让我相信,我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时;B. whatever无论什么,任何;C. wherever无论何地;D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句连接词,从句缺少宾语,应用连接代词,再结合句意,此处用“任何”符合语境,故选B项。
    13. The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
    A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote
    【答案】D
    【13题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知,句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice,空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
    14. —Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
    —__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
    A. That’s it B. Give it a try C. It's settled D. You're kidding me
    【答案】A
    【14题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:—Tim做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份工作。 A.That's it就是;B. Give it a try试一试:C. It's settled那就决定了;D.You're kidding me你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上句情况的肯定,故选A。
    15. __________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
    A. If B. Since C. Although D. Until
    【答案】C
    【15题详解】
    考查状语从句。句意:虽然他能给她同情,但是他几乎无法提供任何实际的帮助。前后文是转折关系,故用although引导的让步状语从句,if引导条件状语从句;since引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句;until引导时间状语从句。故选C。

    Passage 1(2022届天津市河西区高三下学期一模试题)
    1. —Did you watch the news on TV last night?
    — ________ I was doing my homework.
    A. No way. B. No problem. C. No wonder. D. Not really.
    【答案】D
    【1题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——你昨晚看电视新闻了吗?——没有。我在做作业。A. No way.没门;B. No problem没问题;C. No wonder.难怪;D. Not really.不完全是,没有。根据后文“I was doing my homework.”可知没有看电视,应用not really。故选D。
    2. I’m sure you’ll do well in the exam because you ________ so hard this year.
    A. studied B. had studied C. have been studying D. had been studying
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】
    考查时态。句意:我确信你将在考试中做的更好,因为你今年一直在学习很努力。根据语境,学习的动作是从过去一直持续到现在,还要持续下去。所以用现在完成进行时。故选C。
    3. As online shopping becomes increasingly popular, the Internet is regarded as a(n) ________ way of reaching target customers.
    A. efficient B. temporary C. complex D. accurate
    【答案】A
    【3题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着网上购物变得越来越流行,互联网被认为是一种到达目标客户的有效方式。A. efficient有效的;B. temporary暂时的;C. complex复杂的;D. accurate精确的。根据上文“As online shopping becomes increasingly popular, the Internet is regarded as”可知,随着网上购物变得越来越流行,互联网被认为是一种到达目标客户的有效方式,应用efficient。故选A。
    4. Children might ________ what they see. That’s why they shouldn’t have access to violent films.
    A. indicate B. imitate C. innovate D. investigate
    【答案】B
    【4题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:孩子们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。这就是为什么他们不应该接触暴力电影。A. indicate表明;B. imitate模仿;C. innovate创新;D. investigate调查。根据后文“That’s why they shouldn’t have access to violent films.”可知,孩子不应该接触暴力电影是因为会模仿他们看到的东西。故选B。
    5. To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel ________.
    A. consumption B. collection C. commitment D. distribution
    【答案】A
    【5题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了对抗全球变暖,科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption消耗;B. collection收藏品;C. commitment承诺;D. distribution分配。根据上文“To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel”可知,指科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施,来对抗全球变暖,应用consumption。故选A。
    6. The company has developed rapidly ________ its size and reach.
    A. in place of B. in favour of C. in terms of D. in face of
    【答案】C
    【6题详解】
    考查固定短语辨析。句意:该公司在规模和范围方面发展迅速。A. in place of代替;B. in favour of支持;C. in terms of根据,在……方面;D. in face of面对。根据后文“its size and reach”指在规模和范围方面应用in terms of。故选C。
    7. — I think anyone unable to keep their pets should take them to an appropriate animal shelter. ________
    — I can’t agree more.
    A. How are you feeling? B. What’s your take on this?
    C. What’s going on? D. Could you tell me why?
    【答案】B
    【7题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——我认为任何不能养宠物的人都应该把它们带到一个合适的动物收容所。你对此有什么看法?——我完全同意。A. How are you feeling?你感觉怎么样?B. What’s your take on this? 你对此有什么看法?C. What’s going on?怎么了?D. Could you tell me why?你能告诉我为什么吗?根据后文“I can’t agree more.”可知是在询问对方的看法。故选B。
    8. Mary used to be shy, but is ________ getting active in group work and is now willing to express herself.
    A. frequently B. merely C. gradually D. normally
    【答案】C
    【8题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意:玛丽过去很害羞,但在小组活动中逐渐活跃起来,现在也愿意表达自己。A. frequently频繁地;B. merely仅仅;C. gradually逐渐地;D. normally正常地。根据后文“getting active in group work and is now willing to express herself”指玛丽在小组活动中逐渐活跃起来,现在也愿意表达自己,应用gradually。故选C。
    9. On the last day of their week-long stay, John, as well as his friends, ________ to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
    A. invited B. was invited C. were invited D. had been invited
    【答案】B
    【9题详解】
    考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:在他们为期一周的逗留的最后一天,约翰和他的朋友们被邀请到北岸一个美丽的农场,在星空下听一场私人音乐会。当主语后接介词短语as well as并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数应和介词短语前的主语保持一致。本句中主语John, as well as his friends与谓语invite构成被动关系,结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态,且与John保持一致,用单数。故选B。
    10. Don’t worry! Your missing watch will ________ one of these days.
    A. take up B. pick up C. bring up D. turn up
    【答案】D
    【10题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:别担心!你丢失的手表总有一天会找到的。A. take up拿起,开始从事;B. pick up捡起;C. bring up提出,养育;D. turn up出现。根据上文“Your missing watch will”指丢失的手表出现,应用turn up。故选D。
    11. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ________ that I had a talent for football.
    A. say B. said C. to say D. saying
    【答案】D
    【11题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词cheered ,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;动词say与逻辑主语players之间是主动关系,所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选D。
    12. One of the few things you ________ say about British people with certainty is that they can talk a lot about the weather.
    A. can B. must C. should D. need
    【答案】A
    【12题详解】
    考查情态动词的用法。句意:关于英国人,你可以肯定的为数不多的事情之一就是他们可以谈论很多关于天气的话题。A. can可以,能够;B. must必须;C. should表示责任和义务;D. need需要。根据语境,表示“可以,能够”应用can。故选A。
    13. Peter invited over 30 people to his birthday party, most of ________ are his classmates.
    A. them B. that C. whom D. which
    【答案】C
    【13题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:彼得邀请了30多人来参加他的生日聚会,其中大多数是他的同学。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词people,作介词of的宾语,指人,应用whom。故选C。
    14. — Have you finished the novel?
    — No. I’ve just read up to ________ the children discover the secret cave.
    A. what B. that C. which D. where
    【答案】D
    【14题详解】
    考查名词性从句。句意:——你看完那本小说了吗?——没有,我刚读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴这个地方。引导宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,故用where引导。故选D。
    15. ________ the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.
    A. In case B. Now that C. Even though D. Ever since
    【答案】B
    【15题详解】
    考查状语从句。句意:既然天气已经转晴,我们可以启程了。A. In case万一,假如;B. Now that既然;C. Even though即使;D. Ever since从那时起。引导原因状语从句,表示“既然”应用now that。故选B。
    Passage 2(2021届天津市南开区高三下学期二模)
    1. — I get at least an hour of physical exercise almost every day.
    —Oh great! ________.
    A. Good luck B. Cheer up
    C. Same to you D. Keep it up
    【答案】D
    【1题详解】
    考查交际用语以及习惯性表达。句意:——我几乎每天至少有半小时的锻炼。——哦,太好了。保持下去。A. Good luck祝好运;B. Cheer up振作起来;C. Same to you和你一样;D .Keep it up保持下去。根据Oh great!可知,是表示鼓励保持下去,故选D项。
    2. The stronger the________ is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether he has an interest in it.
    A. motivation B. ambition C. effect D. imagination
    【答案】A
    【2题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:动力越强,一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说,这取决于他是否对此感兴趣。根据“ he has an interest in it”可知,动力越强,一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。故选A项。
    3. Body language can________ a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
    A. break down B. give away C. put off D. pick up
    【答案】B
    【3题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:肢体语言可以泄露很多你的心情,所以双臂交叉站着会发出你有戒心的信号。A. break down分解;B. give away赠送,泄露;C. put off推迟;D. pick up偶尔学会,恢复健康。结合 standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive 可知,双臂交叉站着会发出你有戒心的信号,由此可知肢体语言能泄露(give away)你的心情。故选B。
    4. the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
    A. While B. Unless
    C. Since D. Until
    【答案】A
    【4题详解】
    考查连词辨析。句意:尽管学生都来自不同的国家,他们在夏令营里面都相处得很好。这里是一个while引导的让步状语从句。A.while尽管(引导让步状语从句);B.unless除非(通常用于条件状语从句);C.since自从(引导时间状语从句);D.until直到…才…(通常用在时间状语从句中)。故选A。
    5. He did not ____________ easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
    A. approach B. wrestle
    C. compromise D. communicate
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:他不轻易妥协,但愿意为有价值的事业接受任何建设性的建议。A. approach靠近,接近;B. wrestle摔跤,斗争,努力解决;C. compromise妥协;和解;让步;D. communicate交流,沟通。根据but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause可知, 他不轻易妥协。故C项正确。
    6. It will be a great help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________I'll set the table.
    A. As a result B. In the meanwhile
    C. On the whole D. As a matter of fact
    【答案】B
    【6题详解】
    考查短语词义辨析。句意:如果你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来,那可算帮我大忙了。你在做这事的时候,我会在家布置好桌子。A.As a result作为结果;B.In the meanwhile在这时候,与此同时;C.On the whole整体看来;D.As a matter of fact事实上。根据句中you go to the store and get what we need for dinner和I'll set the table可知,此处指你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来的同时我就会把桌子布置好,所以表示在同一个时间发生。选项B符合题意,故选B。
    7. —Can’t you stay a little longer?
    —It’s getting late. I really _____ go now. My daughter is home alone.
    A. may B. can
    C. must D. dare
    【答案】C
    【7题详解】
    考查情态动词辨析。句意:——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了,我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may可能,可以,也许;B. can能,会;C. must必须,必然要,必定会;D. dare敢,胆敢。结合句意可知,因为女儿一人在家,说话者必须要走。故选C。
    8. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ steadily since 1997.
    A. is rising B. are rising C. has been rising D. have been rising
    【答案】C
    【8题详解】
    考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自1997年以来,在中国大学就读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。根据“since 1997 ”可知,本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时,再结合句意可知,本句为现在完成进行时。the number of +名词复数,谓语动词为单数。故选C项。
    9. _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
    A. Known B. Having known
    C. Knowing D. Being known
    【答案】C
    【9题详解】
    考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。
    10. Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales.
    A. which B. where C. when D. why
    【答案】B
    【10题详解】
    考查定语从句的关系词。句意:销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。分析句子可知,本句为限制性定语从句,position 为先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,关系副词为where。故选B。
    11. John was dismissed last week because of his________ attitude towards his job.
    A. competitive B. casual C. classical D. comprehensive
    【答案】B
    【11题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:约翰上周因为对工作的随意态度而被解雇。A.competitive竞争的;B. casual休闲的,随意的;C. classical经典的;传统的;D.comprehensive详尽的;全面的。分析可知,工作态度随意是导致约翰被解雇的原因。选择casual“随意的”修饰attitude合乎语境。故选B。
    12. — You speak very good French!
    —Thanks. I________ French in Nankai University for four years.
    A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied
    【答案】A
    【12题详解】
    考查时态。句意:——你的法语讲的很好。——谢谢,我在南开大学学了4年的法语。根据句意,说话人在南开大学学了4年的法语,应用一般过去时。故选A项。
    13. It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.
    A. why B. that C. how D. when
    【答案】B
    【13题详解】
    考查固定句型。句意:人们认为,孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型:It is believed that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。
    14. Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
    A. surprising B. to surprise C. being surprised D. surprised
    【答案】D
    【14题详解】
    考查状语从句的省略。句意:教授见到我们虽然很惊讶,但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be surprised to do,对做某事很惊讶,在though引导的让步状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句完整形式为:Though he was surprised to see us,相当于省略了he was,故选D。
    15. —This apple pie is too sweet, don’t you think so?
    —____________. I think it’s just right, actually.
    A. Not really B. I hope so
    C. Sounds good D. No wonder
    【答案】A
    【15题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——这个苹果派太甜了,难道你不这样认为?——不见得。事实上我认为刚刚好。A. Not really不见得,不是这样;B. I hope so我希望如此;C. Sounds good听起来不错;D. No wonder难怪。由答语中的“I think It is just right”可知,说话者认为这个苹果饼的甜度刚刚好,故用 “不见得”回答符合语境。故选A。
    Passage 3(2021届天津市河东区高三一模英语试题)
    1. —It’s not bad, is it?
    — ______ . The sun is shining.
    A. Definitely not B. Of course C. Sure D. I can’t agree
    【答案】A
    【1题详解】考查情境交际。句意:——天气不错,对吧?—— 是的,太阳灿烂着呢。A. Definitely not绝不;B. Of course当然;C. Sure确定;D. I can’t agree我不同意。根据反义疑问句为前否后肯,所以否定回答 Definitely not,是对前句的肯定。故选A。
    2. The study of a modern language has a unique ______ to make to the development of cultural awareness.
    A. influence B. connection C. contribution D. devotion
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:现代语言的研究对促进文化意识的发展有独特的贡献。A. influence影响;B. connection连接;C. contribution贡献;D. devotion 奉献。have a contribution to …,对……有贡献,这里指现代语言的研究对文化意识的发展有贡献,故选C。
    3. The ship ______ just ______the ferry terminal when the fire was detected in the engine room and returned soon.
    A. is;leaving B. has;left C. have;left D. had;left
    【答案】D
    【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意:当船刚刚离开渡口时,这时突然检测到机房里着火了,很快就回来了。主语 had done… when …,为固定句型,刚刚做完某事,这是突然发生了某事。根据句意可知,leave the ferry terminal发生在the fire was detected之前,故用过去完成时,故选D。
    4. Each of the UK's health service systems operates ______, and is politically accountable to the relevant government.
    A. dependently B. dependent C. independently D. independent
    【答案】C
    【4题详解】考查形容词副词辨析。句意:英国的每个健康服务系统都独立运行,在政治上对有关政府负责。A. dependently依赖地;B. dependent依赖的; C. independently独立地;D. independent独立的。分析句子成分可知,此处应填副词修饰动词operate,且意思为独立运行,故选C。
    5.—Is there anything else ______ that you’d like to share with us ?
    —No, thank you.
    A. in particular B. in order C. in short D. in conclusion
    【答案】A
    【5题详解】考查介词短语。句意:——你还有什么特别的事情要和我们分享吗?——没有了,谢谢。A. in particular尤其,特别;B. in order按照顺序;C. in short简而言之;D. in conclusion总之。此处介词短语作后置定语修饰anything else,为特别的事情,故选A。
    6. While we ______ think we know what we want, we’re often wrong.
    A. may B. will C. shall D. must
    【答案】A
    【6题详解】考查情态动词。句意:虽然我们可能觉得自己知道想要什么,但事实上我们经常是错的。A. may可能;B. will将要;C. shall将要;D. must必须。根据句意分析,此处是对现状的可能推测,故选A。
    7.The special knowledge is ______ through families, which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods to maintain the tradition.
    A. taken down B. turned down C. stepped down D. passed down
    【答案】D
    【7题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:特殊的知识由家族传递下来的,这就意味着新一代的人继续使用古老的方法来传递传统。A. taken down记下,拿下;B. turned down调低,拒绝;C. stepped down辞职,下台;D. passed down 遗传,传递。根据下文中to maintain the tradition可知,是传递之意,故选D。
    8.What is most significant is the way ______ people have worked in harmony with nature.
    A. which B. in which C. for which D. on which
    【答案】B
    【8题详解】考查定语从句。句意:最重要的是人们与大自然和谐相处的方式。先行词为way,定语从句的关系词为in which、that或省略,表示“以……的方式”。故选B。
    9.—“Courage, kindness, friendship, character” are the qualities that ______ us as human beings, and push us, on occasion, to greatness.
    —Absolutely.
    A. define B. explain C. state D. fulfill
    【答案】A
    【9题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:“勇气,善良,友谊和性格”是我们生而为人的品质,有时候也是推动我们变得伟大的品质。A. define定义;B. explain解释;C. state陈述;D. fulfill充满。define…as…,把……定义为……,故选A。
    10. I can’t stand ______ while speaking.
    A. to interrupt B. to be interrupt C. interrupting D. being interrupted
    【答案】D
    【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我不能容忍在我说话时被打断。can’t stand doing sth不能容忍某事,主语I和interrupt之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故选D。
    11.______ the mother really doubts is______her son will join the army soon.
    A. That; what B. What; whether C. That; whether D. What; that
    【答案】B
    【11题详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意:妈妈真正担心的是将来她的儿子是否能参军。主语从句______ the mother really doubts中缺少宾语,为“……的事”,故填what;表语从句her son will join the army soon.中不缺成分,意思为“是否”,故填whether,故选B。
    12. ________they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.
    A. As B. While
    C. Until D. Once
    【答案】D
    【12题详解】
    考查连词。once在句中引导状语从句,表示“一旦”。句意为:一旦学生决定上哪个大学,他们就应该了解一下入学手续。其他几项不合题意。
    13. —Reading is the best way to pass time on the train.
    — , I never go traveling without a book.
    A. You are joking B. That's true
    C. I don't think so D. It sounds like fun
    【答案】B
    【13题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:--在火车上打发时间最好的方法是看书。--对的,我外出总是带着书。A你在开玩笑吧;B那是对的/真的;C我不这样认为;D听起来很有趣。根据答语后半句可知,“我”出门总是带着书,说明“我”同意第一个人的观点,故选B。
    14. When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike ___________ to become a world champion by his coach and parents.
    A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected
    【答案】C
    【14题详解】
    句意:当他十一岁成为职业运动员时,迈克的教练和父母就期望他会成为世界冠军。从时态上说,显然是过去时态;从语态上讲,迈克应是“被期望,被盼望”,应用被动语态;因此选C项。
    15.______ the weather, the press conference will still be held on time.
    A. Instead of B. In relation to C. Regardless of D. On behalf of
    【答案】C
    【15题详解】考查介词短语。句意:不管天气如何,新闻发布会仍将按时举行。A. Instead of相反的是;B. In relation to关于;C. Regardless of不管;D. On behalf of代表。根据the press conference will still be held on time.可知,不管天气如何,发布会都会按时举行。故选C。

    Passage 1
    1. — I never expected the experiment would be ________ failure.
    — Nor did I. The result came as ________ complete surprise.
    A. a; a B. 不填; a
    C. a; the D. 不填; the
    【答案】A
    【1题详解】考查冠词。句意:—我从没想到这个实验会失败。—我也没有。结果完全出乎意料。抽象名词被赋予具体或特指含义时,前面一般应有不定冠词,本题中failure和surprise分别特指“一次失败的实验”,“一件令人吃惊的事”,故在其前加不定冠词,选A。
    考查抽象名词具体化。通常分为4类:
    1. 表示情感、情绪的词,强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。如beauty美、美丽(不可数名词),a beauty美人、美丽的东西(可数名词);
    2. 表行为的抽象名词,强调其具体表现形式时,常以a/an加抽象名词,或a/an+形容词+抽象名词,如have a strong character,have a bright future;
    3. 表示具体动作意义的抽象名词,加a/an与某些动词(have, take, make, give)等词连用时,表示某一次短暂的动作。如have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep;
    4. 接同源宾语的短语,通常名词表示具体化意义。如die a heroic death,live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life,dream a strange dream等。
    本题中failure和surprise分别特指“一次失败的实验”,“一件令人吃惊的事”,故在其前加不定冠词,选A。
    2. We won’t start the work until all the preparations ___________.
    A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】
    考查时态语态。句意:一切准备就绪后我们才开始工作。根据句意,preparations 与谓语make之间是被动关系,谓语动词应该用被动语态;分析句子结构可知,这是一个not...until引导的时间状语从句,主句中用一般将来时won’t ,从句中应该用现在时态的一种形式;结合句意,从句用现在完成时强调“做好准备”这个动作,对现在的影响就是可以“开始工作了”,符合语境及语法结构。综上分析,谓语动词应该用现在完成时的被动语态 have been made。故选C项。
    3. —Excuse me, sir. Is there a bank nearby?
    —________. The nearest one is at least fifty minutes' walk from here.
    A. I’m not sure B. That depends
    C. That’s right D. I’m afraid not
    【答案】D
    【3题详解】
    考查交际用语。句意:—打扰一下,先生。请问附近有银行吗? —恐怕没有。最近的一家离这儿至少有五十分钟的步行路程。A. I’m not sure我不确定;B. That depends要看情况而定;C. That’s right那是对的;D. I’m afraid not恐怕不是/没有。根据句意可知,该句的意思是“我恐怕附近没有银行”,故选D。
    4. The young man’s face _______ when the boss told him what a nice job he had done.
    A. brought up B. lit up C. put up D. took up
    【答案】B
    【4题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:当老板告诉年轻人他干得多好时,他脸上露出了喜色。A. brought up养育;B. lit up露出喜色;C. put up张贴;D. took up占据。根据“when the boss told him what a nice job he had done.”可知此处表示“露出喜色”,故B项正确。
    5. She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
    A. when B. where
    C. whether D. what
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】
    考查宾语从句。句意:他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。A. when什么时候;B. where在哪里;C. whether是否;D. what什么。根据句意,故选C。
    本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定,首先确定连词的词义,然后根据句意判断出正确的连词,本句的句意很明显,确定为“是否”。
    6. — What’s the _________ weight of luggage that I can take aboard the plane, Sir?
    — Thirty kilograms.
    A. accurate B. average C. maximum D. unique
    【答案】C
    【6题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:— 先生,我能带上飞机的最大行李重量是多少? — 三十公斤。A. accurate精确的;B. average平均的;C. maximum最多的,最大的;D. unique独特的。根据句意和常识可知,带上飞机的最大行李重量是三十公斤,故选C。
    7. —What do you think of the information from books?
    — It is easier to forget than ________ from life itself.
    A. the one B. it
    C. that D. those
    【答案】C
    【7题详解】
    考查代词辨析。句意:--你怎么看待从书本上获得的信息?--比起来自于生活的,它更容易遗忘。分析句子结构可知,为了避免重复,本句中用指示代词that代指前文提到的the information,information为不可数名词,不能用the one 来指代。故选C。
    8. My parents aren’t _______ me going abroad for education, fearing that I'm too young to take care of myself.
    A. in charge of B. in favor of C. in need of D. in praise of
    【答案】B
    【8题详解】
    考查介词短语。句意:我父母不赞成我出国留学,担心我太小不能照顾自己。A. in charge of负责;B. in favor of赞成、支持;C. in need of 需要;D. in praise of赞扬、歌颂。根据“fearing that I'm too young to take care of myself.”可知此处表示“不赞成”,故B项正确。
    9. — I think Nelson Mandela is a modern hero. He devoted his whole life to the struggle for racial equality in South Africa. ________
    — I can totally take your opinion.
    A. What’s your opinion? B. Could you tell me why?
    C. How could he make it? D. How do you like his behavior?
    【答案】A
    【9题详解】
    考查交际用语。句意:--- 我认为纳尔逊·曼德拉是一位现代英雄。他把他的一生都献给了南非争取种族平等的斗争。你怎么看?--- 我完全可以接受你的观点。A. What’s your opinion?你的观点是什么? B. Could you tell me why?你能告诉我为什么吗?C. How could he make it?他怎么能做到的?D. How do you like his behavior?你认为他的行为怎样?根据句意,征询对方的意见,用wht’s your opinion?故选A。
    10. The ringing bell ________the end of the last class on Friday afternoon. Students rushed out of the classrooms and headed back to their dormitories.
    A. confirmed B. predicted
    C. indicated D. instructed
    【答案】C
    【10题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:铃声表明星期五下午最后一节课结束了。学生们冲出教室,回到宿舍。A. confirmed确认,证实;B. predicted预测;C. indicated表明;D. instructed指示,命令。根据句意可知,铃声“表明”了下课,故选C。
    11. __________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
    A. To work B. Worked
    C. To be working D. Having worked
    【答案】D
    【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:工作了两天,Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve,与work之间为主动关系,故用现在分词,这里用having worked,表示动作的先后性。故选D。
    12. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.
    A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them
    【答案】B
    【12题详解】
    本题考查定语从句。解题步骤:1. 确定从句:从空格到句末是定语从句。排除CD项,这两项并不是定语从句。2. 确定成分:从句_________ uses it differently.缺少主语,根据前一句可知,先行词是several diverse cultures,在定语从句里使用which指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。3. 确定选项:A项在定语从句中作主语的时候,谓语动词要使用复数形式,定语从句中的uses说明A项是错误的。B项中的each作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。句意:英语是一个被很多不同的文化共同使用的语言,每一种文化使用英语的方法都是不一样的。故选B。
    13. Everyone on this planet is different, and that's______ makes it such a beautiful place.
    A. When B. how C. what D. why
    【答案】C
    【13题详解】
    考查表语从句。句意:这个星球上的每个人都不一样,那是使得这个星球成为美丽的地方的东西。分析句子可知,系动词is后是表语从句,从句缺少主语,what引导表语从句,从句中作主语,when“……的时候”作时间状语;how“如何”作方式状语;why“为什么;……的原因”作原因状语。故选C。
    14. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
    A. mightn’t B. mustn’t
    C. needn’t D. couldn’t
    【答案】C
    【14题详解】
    考查情态动词。句意:我来新学校之前本没有必要担心,因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn't have done本没有必要做某事,表示实际上已经做了某事。根据后一句“for my classmates here are very friendly to me.”可知,同学对我非常友好所以我本没必要但心。mightn't也许不;mustn't不允许;couldn't不可能。故选C。
    15. Make sure you save all your work on screen____the computer breaks down.
    A. in case B. as if C. so that D. even though
    【答案】A
    【15题详解】
    考查状语从句。。句意:确保你把所有的工作都保存在屏幕上,以防电脑坏掉。A. in case万一;B. as if 好像;C. so that为了---;D. even though即使此处是in case引导的条件状语从句,故答案为A。
    Passage 2
    1. When working on a tough project, you need to keep ________ the guidelines to ensure you’re always on the track.
    A. preserving B. reserving C. observing D. deserving
    【答案】C
    【1题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:当你在一个艰难的项目上工作时,你需要不断地遵守指导方针,以确保你始终走在正轨上。A. preserving保存;B. reserving保留;C. observing遵守;D. deserving值得。根据空后the guidelines to ensure you’re always on the track可知,此处表达“遵守指导方针”,keep接doing作宾语。故选C项。
    2. The eyes of the elephant seal ________ to darkness more quickly than any other animal, thus allowing it to hunt in deep water.
    A. adopt B. adapt C. attack D. approach
    【答案】B
    【2题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:海象的眼睛适应黑暗的速度比其他任何动物都快,因此它能在深水中捕猎。A. adopt采用;B. adapt适应;C. attack攻击;D. approach靠近。根据后文“to darkness”指海象的眼睛适应黑暗很快,应用adapt to。故选B。
    3. __________ has recently been done to provide more buses for people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.
    A. That B. What C. Though what D. In spite of what
    【答案】D
    【3题详解】
    考查介词短语和宾语从句。句意:尽管最近采取了措施为人们提供更多的公共汽车,但公共汽车短缺仍然是一个严重的问题。分析句子结构可知,“provide more buses”和“a shortage of public vehicles”形成转折关系,排除A项和B项;C项中的though为从属连词,直接引导让步状语从句,排除C项;D项中in spite of意为“尽管”,of后面为宾语从句,从句缺少主语,需用连接代词what引导。故选D。
    4. ____, we well not lose heart because we know we are supported by you all.
    A. No matter the difficulty may be B. However the difficulty may be
    C. However great the difficulty may be D. However may be the difficulty
    【答案】C
    【4题详解】
    考查状语从句。句意:不论困难有多大,我们不会失去信心因为我们知道有你们所有人的支持。此处为让步状语从句,一类结构:no matter how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语,故A选项错误;二类结构:however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语,故B、D选项错误。故选C。
    5. Having a mix of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, _________ helps patients recover faster.
    A. this B. that C. which D. where
    【答案】C
    【5题详解】
    考查非限制性定语从句。句意:男女护士的混合也有助于创造一种有趣的氛围,帮助患者更快地康复。分析可知空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为a fun atmosphere,指物,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故选C。
    6. ________ all his friends say, he is usually warm-hearted, loving and generous.
    A. Which B. As C. What D. That
    【答案】B
    【6题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:正如他所有的朋友所说,他通常热情、有爱心、慷慨。分析可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为主句内容,从句缺少宾语,且意为“正如”,应用关系代词as引导。故选B。
    7. It was difficult to keep a positive attitude when I had a list filled with things to do, _____ none sounded like fun.
    A. for which B. to which C. of which D. from which
    【答案】C
    【7题详解】
    考查非限制性定语从句。句意:当我有一大堆要做的事情时,很难保持积极的态度,其中没有一件听起来很有趣。分析句子结构,此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为things,此处表达“其中没有一件事情有趣”,是整体与部分关系,用介词of加which引导。故选C项。
    8. __________out of the office building, suddenly a car stopped in front of me.
    A. To come B. Having come C. Coming D. The moment I came
    【答案】D
    【8题详解】
    考查时间状语从句。句意:我刚走出办公楼,突然一辆车停在我前面。分析可知,“走出办公楼”的动作发出者应是人,如果用非谓语动词to come, having come和coming它们的逻辑主语是a car,不符合语境;故本句用the moment“一……就……,刚……就……”引导时间状语从句,I作从句的主语,came作从句谓语动词,符合语法和语境。故选D。
    9. Jack asked his mother ________.
    A. if she could tell him the time then B. if could she tell him the time then
    C. that she could tell him the time now D. that could she tell him the time now
    【答案】A
    【9题详解】
    考查宾语从句。句意:杰克问他妈妈当时能不能告诉他时间。根据句子结构分析,ask接双宾语,故空处为宾语从句。结合句意,此处表达“是否”,且从句用陈述语气。if she could tell him the time then符合题意。故选A项。
    10. For the past two months micro blogs have been filled with concern and admiration for Zhang Lili, the most beautiful teacher in China, __________touched the whole nation.
    A. the actions of who B. the actions of her
    C. the actions of whom D. the actions of which
    【答案】C
    【10题详解】
    考查定语从句。句意:在过去的两个月里,微博上充满了对中国最美丽的老师张丽丽的关注和钦佩,她的行为感动了整个国家。分析句子结构,此句为定语从句。先行词为Zhang Lili,指人,表达“张丽丽的行为”,前有the actions of ,作介词of宾语,用关系代词whom引导。the actions of whom=whose actions。故选C项。
    11. Mary has always thought of herself as a good dancer and never forgets to ________ others of it.
    A. remember B. remind C. know D. introduce
    【答案】B
    【11题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:玛丽一直认为自己是个好舞者,而且从不忘记提醒别人这一点。A. remember记得;B. remind提醒;C. know知道;D. introduce介绍。结合句意可知,remind符合题意,remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事,使某人记起某事,表示玛丽从不忘记提醒别人自己是好舞者。故选B项。
    12. Some experts demanded that children ________ enough time for sleep and play.
    A. give B. should give C. be given D. given
    【答案】C
    【12题详解】
    考查虚拟语气。句意:一些专家要求给孩子们足够的时间睡觉和玩耍。动词demand后接that从句时,从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略,孩子们和给时间是被动关系,用be+过去分词。故选C。
    13. ________ by his accent, the boy must have come from a North European country,say Norway or Finland.
    A. Having judged B. To judge C. Judge D. Judging
    【答案】D
    【13题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:从他的口音来判断,这个男孩一定来自北欧的一个国家,比如挪威或芬兰。judging by...根据……来判断,常用作评注性状语,为固定用法,在句中独立存在。故选D。
    14. Some plants are very ________ to light; they prefer the shade.
    A. sensible B. sensitive C. suitable D. acceptable
    【答案】B
    【14题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有些植物对光非常敏感;它们喜欢阴凉处。 A. sensible明智的; B. sensitive敏感的; C. suitable 合适的;D. acceptable可接受的。根据句意可知,此处表示“对……敏感”,词组be sensitive to(对……敏感),符合句意,故选B。
    15. — ________?
    —Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep?
    A. How are you feeling B. So what C. Is there anything wrong D. Can I help you
    【答案】D
    【15题详解】
    考查情景交际。句意:——我能帮你吗?——请你给我拿些药,好让我睡个好觉吗?A.How are you feeling你觉得怎么样;B.So what那又怎么样;C.Is there anything wrong有什么不对劲吗;D.Can I help you我能帮你吗。根据“Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep”可知,此处是问能帮到什么。故选D。
    Passage 3
    1. —Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
    —___________. I’ll bring some wine.
    A. Sounds like fun B. It depends
    C. Just a minute D. You are welcome
    【答案】A
    【1题详解】
    试题分析:句意:——艾尔伯特的生日在下个星期天,我计划给他办一个惊喜派对。——听起来很有趣,我将带些酒来。故选A。
    考点:考查交际用语。
    交际英语注重运用,首先平时要多积累常用的交际用语,解题时要在上下文中进行,特别要注意与语境语义的联系。还要注意中英文之间的差异,千万不要用汉语的思维来解英语试题,还要注意礼貌用语。这个题目是一个对话,上下文语境非常关键。
    2. My room is a mess, but I ___________ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
    A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
    【答案】C
    【2题详解】
    考点:考查情态动词。句意: 我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以早晨打扫。A. 不
    敢;B. 不应该;C. 不需要; D. 禁止。根据句意,故选C。
    情态动词主要考查句意和说话人的语气的强弱,这几个选项的意思各不相同,确定各自的含义,弄清它们的区别,再结合上下文语境就不难选择了。daren’t通常表示“不敢”,shouldn’t强调的是没有义务;needn’t表示“不需要”,强调必要性;mustn’t 表示“不许”,语气比较强烈,它们之间有明显不同。
    3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
    —I’m sorry, but he is not ___________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
    A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available
    【答案】D
    【3题详解】
    试题分析:句意:——我想见怀特先生,我们有约。——对不起,他现在没空,因为会议还没有结束。A.忙碌的;B. 积极的,活跃的;C. 关心的;D. 有空的,可得到的。根据语境,故选D。
    考点:考查形容词。
    英语中对形容词的考查主要是形容词的词义辨析和对语境的理解。本句中的语境很明显,根据空前的sorry和空后的原因解释可知怀特先生没有空,即他现在很忙。
    4. She asked me ___________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
    A. when B. where C. whether D. what
    【答案】C
    【4题详解】
    试题分析:句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。A. 什么时候;B. 在哪里;C. 是否;D. 什么。根据句意,故选C。
    考点:考查宾语从句。本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的选择,首先确定连词的词义,然后根据句意判断出正确的连词,本句的句意很明显,确定为“是否”。
    5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids.
    A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
    【答案】A
    【5题详解】
    句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。A. 安顿下来;B. 远离;C. 起床;D. 插嘴。根据句意,故选A。考点:考查动词短语。辨析动词短语没有捷径,只有加强平时的记忆,包括动词本身的含义、一词多义以及词组的搭配,做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系再进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
    6. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
    A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
    【答案】B
    【6题详解】
    试题分析:句意:现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard...as… (把……看做……)和句意确定应该用被动语态,排除A和D;由介词短语along with连接的三个名词作主语,谓语动词应该就前一致,即用单数,排除C。故选B。学科#网
    考点:考查动词语态和主谓一致
    本题的考查方向涉及动词的语态和主谓一致,首先要把握句意,判断主谓之间是主动还是被动关系,再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面,即加上判断谓语动词的单复数,考查了学生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。
    7. —Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.
    —___________? As far as I know, he never came late to class.
    A. So what B. Why not C. Who cares D. How come
    【答案】D
    【7题详解】
    试题分析:句意:——今天上午斯密斯老师的化学课上迈克尔迟到了。——怎么会呢?据我所知,他上课从不迟到。A. 那又怎么样呢;B. 为什么不呢;C. 谁在意呢;D. 怎么会呢。根据语境,故选D。
    考点:考查交际用语。
    情景交际的考查关键在于理解上下文语境,同时要注意辨析选项的意思。考生平时要多熟记交际用语,尤其是一些与汉语相差较大的表达。做这类试题,要求同学们按照所给的情景,选择最佳问句或答句,完成题目。要想做好这类题目,关键是平时要养成讲英语的良好习惯,努力提高英语思维和运用水平,熟练掌握日常会话项目中常用的问答语。
    8. I ___________ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
    A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove
    【答案】A
    【8题详解】
    试题分析:根据固定句型:was / were doing ..., when....(正在做某事,这时...),可知此题选A。
    考点:考查动词时态。
    本题考查与时态有关的固定句型:was/ were doing sth. + when (suddenlu) did ...,这个常用固定句型是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一,此句型还有另外两种结构:was / were about to do + when sth. did; had done + when sth. did。在这三个句型中,when为并列连词,意为:就在这时(那时)。
    9. My eldest son, ___________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
    A. that B. whose C. his D. who
    【答案】B
    【9题详解】
    试题分析:本句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是My eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语,选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。
    考点:考查定语从句。
    定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析,关系代词that, which, whom, as, who在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;whose作定语;where, why, when分别在句中作地点状语、原因状语和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分,看缺少什么成分,就选用相应的关系词。
    10. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ___________.
    A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
    【答案】C
    【10题详解】
    试题分析:句意:在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表,因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句,Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做(在本句中to do 由主语完成),根据句意判断选C。
    考点:考查非谓语。
    本句考查的是have的复合结构:have + 宾语 + 非谓语,既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构中非谓语用什么形式,首先要确定have的词义,是“有”还是“让”,have(有)+ sth. to do sth. (由主语完成);have(让)+ 宾语 + do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析),所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法,灵活掌握才能把题做对。
    11. It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new neighbors.
    A. who B. where C. which D. that
    【答案】D
    【11题详解】句意:当我回到我的公寓的时侯, 我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉It was和空格,句意完整,所以是强调句型,强调时间状语,应用that。故选D。
    考点:考查强调句型。
    判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构,如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句,例如这道题,去掉强调结构后是when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors,这句话是成立的,所以本句是强调句。考生除了需要掌握强调句的一般形式,还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问式和特殊疑问式,还有强调句中的语序问题。
    12. When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ___________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.
    A. among B. against C. behind D. below
    【答案】A
    【12题详解】
    试题分析:句意:当你开车穿过加利福尼亚的红木森林时,你将会穿梭于超过千年历史的树木之间。be among 位于……之间;be against 反对;be behind 在……后面;be below在……之下。根据句意,故选A。
    考点:考查介词辨析。
    对于介词辨析题目,首先可以从句意着手,看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键,其次对选项的意思及介词的常见搭配也要了如指掌。这是对平时学生的基本知识进行考查,学生在平时的学习中要多记忆,多多积累,以便在考试时能够迅速准确地解答试题。
    13. We offer an excellent education to our students. ___________, we expect students to work hard.
    A. On average B. At best C. In return D. After all
    【答案】C
    【13题详解】句意:我们给我们的学生提供极好的教育,作为回报, 我们期待我们的学生更努力学习。
    A. 平均起来,一般说来;B. 最多,充其量;C. 作为回报;D. 毕竟,终究。根据句意,故选C。
    考点:考查介词短语辨析。
    辨析介词短语没有捷径,平时要加强背诵,做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系,进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
    14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ___________ more patients to be treated.
    A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
    【答案】B
    【14题详解】
    试题分析:句意:近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备,更多的病人能够得到治疗。前句这个医院得到了新的医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系,用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。equipment与allow之间为主动关系,故用现在分词的一般式。A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行;C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动作发生;D. allowed 表示被动且完成。故选B。学科#网
    考点:考查非谓语。
    判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词所作的成分、构成非谓语的动词和逻辑主语的关系。
    15. —Do you have Betty’s phone number?
    —Yes. Otherwise, I ___________ able to reach her yesterday.
    A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be
    【答案】B
    【15题详解】
    试题分析:句意:——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?——有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处otherwise(否则)相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句,由yesterday可知本句对过去进行虚拟,由此可以判断出主句用wouldn’t have done,故选B。
    考点:考查虚拟语气。

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