2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷 04（天津专用）

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2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷04
（天津卷专用）解析版
第I卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ________ you'll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. —Don’t worry, Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—_________! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I don’t care
1. A。考查情景交际。句意：——不要担心，爸爸。医生说这只是一个感冒。——真让人轻松！我会告诉你妈妈没有什么大不了的。A. What a relief真让人轻松；B. Congratulations恭喜你！C. How surprising真让人惊讶；D. I don’t care我不在乎。最后被证实只是一个感冒，爸爸松了一口气，What a relief符合句意。故选A。
2. ___________huge differences between the two countries, China and the USA have extensive common interests and room for cooperation.
A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In exchange for D. In face of
2. A。考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管两国之间存在分歧，中美两国仍有着广泛的共同利益和合作空间。A. In spite of 尽管；B. In terms of 从……角度看；C. In exchange for 作为交换；D. In face of面对。根据句意可知，中美两国“尽管”有分歧，但也有着广泛的共同利益和合作空间。故选A。
3. With the advancement of China’s modernization, lives of people living in the west of the country _________tremendous changes over the past few years.
A. have been undergoing B. underwent C. are undergoing D. undergo
3. A。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着中国现代化进程的推进，在过去的几年里，生活在中国西部的人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语over the past few years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在将会继续下去，主语是lives of people ，复数，所以助动词需用have。故选A。
4. —How long do you think it will be _________we totally control the pandemic?
—Hard to say, but COVID-19 vaccine developed by China is reportedly more than 90 percent effective.
A. before B. when C. until D. since
4. A。考查固定句型。句意：——你认为我们要多久才能完全控制这一流行病？——很难说，但据报道中国公司开发的COVID-19疫苗的有效性超过90%。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. since自从。此处为句型“it will be+一段时间+before”，表示“还要多久才……”。故选A。
5. In the first half of 2021, the number of residency permits given out by Canada fell by more than half, _________ to a year earlier, mainly because of restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
A. compared B. comparing C. to compare D. being compared
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与一年前相比，2021年上半年，加拿大发放的居留许可数量减少了一半以上，主要原因是新冠肺炎疫情造成的限制。短语be compared to表示“与……相比”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故选A。
6. If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will _________ the challenge and commit more time and energy to their studies.
A. face up to B. keep pace with C. put up with D. live up to
6. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果学生在这科上的兴趣受到激发，他们会直面挑战，花更多的时间和精力在学习上。A. face up to大胆面对；B. keep pace with与……齐头并进；C. put up with忍受；D. live up to不辜负。根据 commit more time and energy to their studies.可知，此处用“直面挑战”符合语境，故选A。
7. 5G commercial service’s being officially launched has opened a new digital age, _________ not only technology but also people’s work capacity and lifestyle will be upgraded.
A. as B. where C. when D. which
7. C。考查定语从句。句意：5G商用服务的正式推出，开启了一个全新的数字时代，不仅技术上，人们的工作能力和生活方式也将得到提升。分析句子可知，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是age，在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用when来引导。结合选项，故选C。
8. The Natural History Museum has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to dinosaurs.
A. to range B. ranged C. ranging D. range
8. C。考查非谓语动词。句意：自然历史博物馆收藏了大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到恐龙都有。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式，动词range和逻辑主语collection之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故选C。
9. —When will the next meeting begin?
— I have no idea. But just a minute, I _________it for you.
A. will check B. checked C. check D. would check
9. A。考查时态。句意：---下次会议什么时候开始?-我不知道。-请稍等，我帮您查一下。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，根据just a minute，可知应用一般将来时。will do用法之一是表示“临时性决定或安排”。故选A。
10. Competition for entry to these programs is keen, and applicants need above-average grades to gain _________.
A. ambition B. preference C. admission D. ability
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与这个项目的竞争非常激烈，申请人需要高于平均水平的成绩，才能获得许可。A. ambition雄心，野心；B. preference偏好；C. admission许可；D. competence能力，胜任。根据题意可知，选C。
11. My People, My Homeland is definitely a fantastic movie, _________ taking you to five areas with quite different geographical characteristics.
A. one B. the one C. it D. which
11. A。考查不定代词。句意：《我和我的家乡》绝对是一部很棒的电影，它带你去了五个有着不同地理特征的地区。one（某类中的）一个，表示泛指；the one这个，表示特指；it它，指代本身；which定语从句关系代词。根据逗号前a fantastic movie可知，空处应表示泛指的一类电影，用one指代。故选A。
12. Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _________more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A. have developed B. had developed C. will have developed D. developed
12. C。考查动词时态用法。句意：希望在2025年，我们将不再给对方发电子邮件，因为到那时候已经研发出来更便捷的通讯方式。by常与过去完成时或将来完成时连用。故选C。
13. Every life has its ups and downs, but having a(n) _________ attitude to life has been found to be very important.
A. convenient B. optimistic C. impressive D. negative
13. B。考查形容词词义辨析，句意：每个人的人生都会经历起起落落，但拥有乐观向上的生活态度，已被发现是十分重要的。A. convenient方便的；B. optimistic乐观的，达观的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的，感人的；D. negative消极的。本句中but为重要的提示词，虽然人生有起落，但我们始终要“乐观”，故选B。
14. If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _________where I am.
A. won’t be B. wouldn’t have been C. wouldn’t be D. shouldn’t have been
14. C。考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should +do。故选C。
15. —I’ve studied your program, Peter. Could I make some suggestions?
—Go right ahead. _________.
A. I’m all ears B. It’s a piece of cake C. Don’t pull my leg D. As you wish
15. A。考查情景交际。A. 洗耳恭听；B. 小菜一碟；C. 别跟我开玩笑；D. 如你所愿。句意：——我已经研究了你的项目，Peter。我能提些建议吗？——请说吧。我洗耳恭听。A选项符合语境，故选A。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
We bought a microwave last week. This may not seem like big 16 , but we’ve never owned one before. In a New York City kitchen with small counter space, a cubic foot is far too 17 to deserve occupation by a single appliance. But the convenience of heating food 18 finally outweighed the convenience of space.
So this is a better 19 for us.
I have 20 that there are different types of choices we get in life. The first is the good vs. good variety. That is, both choices will 21 us. Which flavor of ice cream tastes better? Which car do you 22 ? Whichever option we select, the worst outcome is that our 23 isn’t optimized (使最优化). Not a problem.
Next up is good vs. bad. These choices are either 24 or incredibly hard.
Often we need to choose between short-term pleasure and long-term good. What feels the best today may be 25 five years from now, and what’s the hardest at the moment may be what’s optimal for the future. Good vs. bad choices 26 insight (洞察力) and sticking to our 27 .
Finally there’s the least-worst option situation, where every possibility is 28 , and we have to 29 which is least harmful. Do we choose the dangerous operation or likely 30 ? In which poor neighborhood do we raise our kids? Sometimes we have to face many 31 of this sort and we must make a choice.
My microwave purchase 32 falls in the good vs. good category 33 I had the privilege of weighing one convenience against another and making a choice. Though I now work around the monster presence in my mini-kitchen, I 34 the benefits it offers. Facing inconvenience is not a problem; how you behave 35 .
16. A. news B. change C. loss D. trouble
17. A. common B. spacious C. precious D. hard
18. A. freely B. effectively C. quietly D. quickly
19. A. chance B. choice C. plan D. life
20. A. noticed B. agreed C. doubted D. admitted
21. A. affect B. confuse C. benefit D. inspire
22. A. hate B. prefer C. accept D. make
23. A. pleasure B. experience C. time D. fund
24. A. reasonable B. effortless C. right D. wise
25. A. comfortable B. harmful C. dangerous D. important
26. A. turn over B. put on C. call for D. take up
27. A. routines B. dreams C. habits D. values
28. A. painful B. useless C. helpful D. unnecessary
29. A. explain B. show C. decide D. guess
30. A. death B. recovery C. survival D. injury
31. A. opportunities B. debates C. dilemmas D. barriers
32. A. hopefully B. finally C. nearly D. clearly
33. A. but B. if C. although D. because
34. A. stress B. enjoy C. ignore D. predict
35. A. works B. succeeds C. fails D. matters
16-20 ACDBA 21-25 CBABB 26-30 CDACA 31-35 CDDBD
【解题导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者购买一台微波炉展开，在微波炉的尺寸和厨房的狭小的矛盾之间权衡的过程，作者感悟到人生处处都面临着各种选择。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎不是什么大新闻，但我们以前从未拥有过。A. news新闻；B. change改变；C. loss丢失；D. trouble麻烦。根据语境可知，文章通过作者购买一台微波炉展开。分析各选项，只有A项“新闻”符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在纽约市一个只有很小的柜台空间的厨房里，一立方英尺太珍贵了，不值得一台电器占用。A. common普通的；B. spacious宽敞的；C. precious珍贵的；D. hard坚硬的。根据空格前内容“ In a New York City kitchen with small counter space,”可知，作者的厨房很小；所以一立方英尺也是“珍贵的”，不值得一台电器占用。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但很快加热食物的便利性最终超过了空间的便利性。A. freely自由地；B. effectively有效地；C. quietly安静地；D. quickly快速地。根据句意，微波炉能“快速”而方便地加热食物。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以这对我们来说是个更好的选择。A. chance机会；B. choice选择；C. plan计划；D. life生活。根据句意，微波炉虽然占地较大，但是非常方便，证明作者做了一个更好的“选择”。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到生活中有不同类型的选择。A. noticed注意到；B. agreed同意；C. doubted怀疑；D. admitted承认。根据语境，后文介绍了作者的关于选择的想法，可以推测出，这里指作者“注意到”生活中有不同类型的选择。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，这两种选择都将使我们受益。A. affect影响；B. confuse混淆；C. benefit获利；D. inspire激励。根据前文“The first is the good vs. good variety. ”可知，这种选择是在“好”和“更好”之间选择，无论选哪个，都会使我们“受益”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你喜欢哪辆车？A. hate讨厌；B. prefer更喜欢；C. accept接受；D. make制造。根据前文“Which flavor of ice cream tastes better? ”句式可知，本句指“更喜欢”哪辆车。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我们选择哪种选择，最坏的结果就是我们的快乐没有得到优化。A. pleasure快乐；B. experience体验；C. time时间；D. fund基金。根据前文“The first is the good vs. good variety.”可知，在两个不同种类的好之间做出选择，无论选什么，最坏的结构就是没有使我们的“快乐”最大化。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些选择要么是难以置信的困难，要么是不费吹灰之力。A. reasonable合理的；B. effortless不费吹灰之力的；C. right正确的；D. wise明智的。根据前文“Next up is good vs. bad. ”可知，有时需要在“好”和“坏”之间做出选择。由空格后的内容“ or incredibly hard.”可知，这种选择要么“是难以置信的困难”要么“是不费吹灰之力”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天感觉最好的东西可能在五年后是有害的，而目前最困难的可能是对未来最有利的东西。 A. comfortable舒适的；B. harmful有害的；C. dangerous危险的；D. important重要的。根据前文“Often we need to choose between short-term pleasure and long-term good. ”可知，我们常常需要在短期的快乐和长期的美好之间做出选择。由空格前内容“What feels the best today may be”可知，今天最好的，五年后可能是“有害的”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“好”和“坏”的选择需要洞察力和坚持我们的价值观。 A. turn over使）翻转；深思熟虑； B. put on穿；增加（体重）；C. call for要求；呼吁D. take up开始从事；占据。根据上文“ What feels the best today may be 　　25　　 five years from now, and what’s the hardest at the moment may be what’s optimal for the future.可知，在“好”和“坏”之间做选择时，“要求”有洞察力并坚持我们的价值观。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“好”和“坏”的选择需要洞察力和坚持我们的价值观。A. routines常规；B. dreams梦想；C. habits习惯；D. values价值观。根据上文“ What feels the best today may be 　　25　　 five years from now, and what’s the hardest at the moment may be what’s optimal for the future.可知，在“好”和“坏”之间做选择时，要求有洞察力并坚持我们的“价值观”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后是最不坏的选择，每种可能性都是痛苦的，我们必须决定哪一种危害最小。A. painful痛苦的；B. useless无用的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. unnecessary不必要的。由空格前的“Finally there’s the least-worst option situation,”可知，做出最不坏的选择时，每种可能性都是“痛苦的”，我们必须决定哪一种危害最小。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后是最不坏的选择，每种可能性都是痛苦的，我们必须决定哪一种危害最小。A. explain解释；B. show展示；C. decide决定；D. guess猜测。由空格前的“Finally there’s the least-worst option situation,”可知，做出最不坏的选择时，每种可能性都是痛苦的，我们必须“决定”哪一种危害最小。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是选择危险手术还是可能死亡？ A. death死亡；B. recovery恢复；C. survival幸存；D. injury损伤。由空格前的“Finally there’s the least-worst option situation,”可知，本段主要介绍要选择最不坏的可能性。结合句意，在“有风险”和“死亡”之间选择，符合题意。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我们不得不面对许多这样困境，我们必须做出选择。A. opportunities机遇；B. debates辩论；C. dilemmas困境；D. barriers障碍。根据语境，上面所给出的例子都是要选择最不坏的可能性，这个生活中有时不得不面对的“困境”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我购买的微波炉显然属于在两个不同类别的“好”和“好”之间选择，因为我有幸在方便与否之间进行权衡并做出选择。A. hopefully有希望地；B. finally最后；C. nearly几乎；D. clearly清楚地。根据上文“ The first is the good vs. good variety. That is, both choices will 　　26　　 us. ”可知，作者购买微波炉“明显”属于在两个不同类别的“好”和“好”之间选择。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我购买的微波炉显然属于“好”和“更好”两个类别，因为我有幸在方便与否之间进行权衡并做出选择。A. but但是；B. if如果；C. although虽然；D. because因为。根据上文“ The first is the good vs. good variety. That is, both choices will 　　26　　 us. ”可知，作者购买微波炉明显属于在两个不同类别的“好”和“好”之间选择，“因为”作者有幸在方便与否之间进行权衡并做出选择。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在在我的小厨房里得绕着微波炉走动，但我很享受它所带来的好处。A. stress强调；B. enjoy喜欢；C. ignore忽视；D. predict预测。根据语境，微波炉占地方，但作者也很“享受”它带来的好处。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对不便并不是问题，你的行为举止很重要。A. works工作；B. succeeds成功；C. fails失败；D. matters事关紧要。根据语境，文章通过作者购买一台微波炉展开，在微波炉的尺寸和厨房的狭小的矛盾之间权衡的过程，作者感悟到人生处处都面临着各种选择。所以作者认为面对不便并不是问题，你的行动举止很“重要”。故选D项。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.
The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza
The museum is one of Madrid’s “Big Three” cultural institutions. Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement. Users can take a virtual (虚拟的）tour of the entire building or a thematic (主题的）tour covering such topics as food and fashion.
The National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (MMCA), Seoul
Since it opened its doors in 2013, MMCA has become a well-known cultural platform and leader in Korean art. With the help of Google Arts and Culture, MMCA is now offering a virtual tour of its collections. This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.
The Anne Frank House
The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II. To explore deeper into the story described in Anne9s diary, online visitors can watch videos about her life and look around the house where she lived before going into hiding.
The Vatican Museums
They are the public art and sculpture museums in the Vatican City. They exhibit works from the large collection collected by the Popes (教皇）throughout the centuries, including several of the most famous Roman sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance (文艺复兴）art in the world. Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).
36. At which museum can visitors gain knowledge of art movements?
A. The Vatican Museums.
B. The Anne Frank House.
C. The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza.
D. The National Museum of Modem and Contemporary Art.
37. What does MMCA’s collection focus on?
A. Works of famous Roman artists.
B. Modem and contemporary art.
C. Public educational programs.
D. Google Arts and Culture.
38. What is special about the Anne Frank House?
A. It was built during World War II.
B. It has the largest private collections.
C. It is the oldest museum about the war.
D. It tells the story of a World War II victim.
39. What can tourists do in The Vatican Museums?
A. Learn to create sculptures.
B. Enjoy a specific thematic tour.
C. Watch videos about the Popes’ life.
D. Appreciate Michelangelo’s artworks.
40. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce museums with virtual tours.
B. To appeal to people to visit museums in the flesh.
C. To show people ways of appreciating works of art.
D. To advise museums to perfect visitors’ experience.
【答案】36. C37. B38. D39. D40. A
【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个带有虚拟旅游的博物馆。
36. C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement.（它是世界上第二大的艺术私人收藏的家，拥有着来自几乎每个艺术活动的著名的作品）”可知，在The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza博物馆可以获得艺术活动相关的知识。故选C。
37. B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.（这次体验能让游客在六层的博物馆里欣赏到来自韩国以及全世界的现代和当代艺术）”可知，MMCA博物馆主要展示现代和当代艺术。故选B。
38. D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II.（建于1957年的Anne Frank House，想通过教育节目和在此的旅行，让公众知道在二战时，Anne和她的家人所隐藏的地方。）”可知，Anne Frank House主要是讲述二战受害者Anne的故事。故选D。
39. D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).（虚拟游客可以从360度参观西斯廷教堂，以Michelangelo的天花板和Last Judgment的壁画出名的教堂。）”可知，游客在The Vatican Museums可以欣赏到Michelangelo的作品。故选D。
40. A。推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.（以下是几处博物馆的介绍，这些博物馆有新的方式来培养创造力和传播知识）”可知，作者写这篇文章目的在于介绍这几个博物馆。再根据每个博物馆的“virtual (虚拟的）”可知，这几个博物馆都带有虚拟旅行。故选A。
B
No one has a temper naturally so good, that it does not need attention and cultivation, and no one has a temper so bad, but that, by proper culture, it may become pleasant. One of the best disciplined tempers ever seen, was that of a gentleman who was naturally quick, irritable, rash, and violent; but, by taking care of the sick, and especially of mentally deranged (疯狂的) people, he so completely mastered himself that he was never known to be thrown off his guard.
The difference in the happiness which is received by the man who governs his temper and that by the man who does not is dramatic. There is no misery so constant, so upsetting, and so intolerable to others, as that of having a character which is your master. There are comers at every turn in life, against which we may run, and at which we may break out in impatience, if we choose.
Look at Roger Sherman, who rose from a humble(低下的) occupation to a seat in the first Congress of the United States, and whose judgment was received with great respect by that body of distinguished men. He made himself master of his temper and cultivated it as a great business in life. There are one or two instances which show this part of his character in a light that is beautiful.
One day, after having received his highest honors, he was sitting and reading in his sitting room. A student, in a room close by, held a mirror in such a position as to pour the reflected rays of the sun directly in Mr. Sherman's face. He moved his chair, and the thing was repeated. A third time the chair was moved, but the mirror still reflected the sun in his eyes. He laid aside his book, went to the window, and many witnesses of the rude behavior expected to see the ungentlemanly student severely punished. He raised the window gently, and then-shut the window blind(百叶窗)!
I cannot help providing another instance of the power he had acquired over himself. He was naturally possessed of strong passions, but over these he at length obtained an extraordinary control. He became habitually calm and self-possessed. Mr. Sherman was one of those men who are not ashamed to maintain the forms of religion in their families. One morning he called them all together as usual to lead them in prayer to God. The "old family Bible "was brought out and laid on the table.
Mr. Sherman took his seat and placed beside one of his children. The rest of the family were seated around the room, several of whom were now grown-ups. Besides these, some of the tutors of the college were boarders in the family and were present at the time. His aged mother occupied a corner of the room, opposite the place where the distinguished Judge sat.
At length, he opened the Bible and began to read. The child who was seated beside him made some little disturbance, upon which Mr. Sherman paused and told him to be still. Again he continued but again he had to pause to scold the little offender, whose playful character would hardly permit it to be still. At this time he gently tapped its ear. The blow, if blow it might be called, caught the attention of his aged mother, who now with some effort rose from the seat and tottered across the room. At length, she reached the chair of Mr. Sherman, and in a moment, most unexpectedly to him, she gave him a blow on the ear with all the force she could gather. “There, "said she, "you strike your child, and I will strike mine.”
For a moment, the blood was seen mounting to the face of Mr Sherman. But it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual. He paused; he raised his glasses; he cast his eye upon his mother; again it fell upon the book from which he had been reading. Not a word escaped him; but again he calmly pursued the service, and soon sought in prayer an ability to set an example before his household which should be worthy of their imitation. Such a victory was worth more than the proudest one ever achieved on the field of battle.
41. How is the passage mainly developed?
A. By analyzing reasons B. By comparing facts.
C. By listing arguments. D. By giving examples.
42. What was Roger Sherman's attitude towards his aged mother?
A. Grateful. B. Skeptical.
C. Tolerant. D. Sympathetic.
43. What can we learn about roger Sherman?
A. He came from a distinguished family background.
B. He was not good at displaying his true inner feelings.
C. He was a man conscious of the consequences of his behavior.
D. He severely punished a student who didn’t behave himself.
44. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. Mr. Sherman’s face was covered with blood.
B. Mr. Sherman was then on the point of exploding
C. Mr. Sherman was seeking strength in prayer.
D. Mr. Sherman was ashamed of his mother's rude behavior.
45. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Treasure your bible B. Save your self-esteem
C. Mind your manners D. Control your temper
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，用Roger Sherman的两个例子告诉我们要掌控好自己脾气。
41. D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Look at Roger Sherman”及第五段中的“I cannot help providing another instance of the power he had acquired over himself.”可知，文章是通过举Roger Sherman的两个事例来展开的，故D项正确。
42. C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual.”可知，被母亲当众打了一巴掌，Roger Sherman没有因为难堪而发火，片刻之后就恢复了往常的平静，由此可知，Roger Sherman对母亲很宽容，故C项正确。
43. C。推理判断题。通过文中Roger Sherman控制好自己脾气的两个事例可以看出Sherman是一个自控能力很强，能够意识到自己行为后果的人，故C项正确。
44. B。句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“But it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual.”可知，被母亲当众打了一巴掌，Roger Sherman涨红了脸，眼看就要发火，但片刻之后就恢复了以往的平静，由此可知画线部分是说“在失控的边缘”，故B项正确。
45. D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章用Roger Sherman容忍一个顽皮的学生以及他被母亲当众打了一巴掌后仍然和颜悦色这两个例子告诉我们要掌控好自己脾气，故D项正确。
C
Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.
Here’s an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about he uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things o happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorable again when we’re happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it’s started, it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
46. According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our______.
A. self-respect B. financial rewards
C. advertising ability D. friendly relationship
47. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to______.
A. lying B. stealing
C. cheating D. advertising
48. What does the phrase “bringing he error to the clerk’s attention” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Telling the truth to the clerk B. Offering advice to the clerk
C. Asking the clerk to be attentive D. Reminding the clerk of the prices
49. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?
A. We’ll be very excited. B. We’ll feel unfortunate.
C. We’ll have a sense of honor. D. We’ll feel sorry for the clerk.
50. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. How We Can Live Truthfully B. The Importance of Peacefulness
C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions
【答案】46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
【解析】试题分析：文章提出幸福从哪里来？幸福就是从我们自己的尊贵的行为中来。
46. A。细节理解题。根据文章第5段Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased可知如果我们告诉地方有一个东西没有付钱，对方会认为我们很有素质。这样我们的自尊就得到了满足，故A正确。
47. B。推理判断题。根据文章第五段第2行Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief.可知如果我们没有付钱，从内心深处，我们感觉自己是小偷，是贼，故B正确。
48. A。推理判断题。根据本句In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen可知这里是指告诉职员所犯的错误，也就是让对方知道这个东西没有付钱，故A正确。
49. C。推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后3行Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.可知如果我告诉了对方这件事情，在我离开的时候我会很高兴，故C正确。
50. C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第2句The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.可知通过我们自己尊贵的行为可以给我们自己带来幸福的感觉，故D正确。
D
Finland is about to start an extremely ambitious journey to test one of the most controversial economic theories of our time. The country’s social security institution known as Kela will be handing free money to thousands of jobless citizens on a monthly basis for the next two years. It’s a test of an economic strategy known as Basic Income, which at its core is essentially free money for every person once they reach a certain age, without any prerequisites.
The idea behind Basic Income is that by giving every individual a certain amount of money with which to keep themselves out of poverty, they are better off regardless of all other factors. If a person has a well-paying job, they still get Basic Income, just like everyone else, thereby creating a society in which every adult is above poverty and also continually contributing to the economy by spending money.
That sounds like a utopia, right? But there are other factors that create a lot of uncertainty, like whether or not free money will impact a society’s motivation to actually work. In the case of Finland’s experiment, individuals will be given a monthly payment of around $590, which is enough to prevent those individuals from becoming homeless, but obviously not enough to go clubbing on weekends or live extravagantly.
This is far from the first test of Basic Income and in recent years many programs have sought to put the theory to the test, even in the United States, Y Combinator, a venture fund which focuses on seed investments to startup companies, launched a small pilot program in Oakland, offering 100 citizens up to $2,000 per month just for existing. The program was small in scale and timeline, and many questioned whether or not it could possibly prove the theory one way or the other. At its heart, that’s the problem with all tests of Basic Income. When individuals know that it’s only a test and that the benefits aren’t permanent, they aren’t likely to change their behavior. If the test subjects in Finland find jobs and become rich, that doesn’t necessarily prove that they wouldn’t prefer to remain jobless if their Basic Income was promised for life. Whatever the case, it’ll be interesting to see how the large-scale test turns out to be the next 24 months.
51. What is the purpose of Basic Income?
A. To help all citizens to live a rich life.
B. To test a controversial economic theory.
C. To help citizens get out of poverty and promote the economy.
D. To offer money to the unemployed and help them pull through.
52. What does the underlined word “extravagantly” mean?
A. Honorably. B. Wastefully. C. Happily. D. Freely.
53. Why do many people doubt Basic Income?
A. Because the program is not fair for rich people
B. Because it can’t really help people break away from poverty
C. Because its test can’t reflect people’s real thought in the short term
D. Because its test failed to see how people behaved when they received free money
54. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The author expects the result of the test.
B. Basic Income hasn’t been tested before.
C. Y Combinator’s program is part of Basic Income.
D. Basic Income is not well-accepted by Finnish citizens.
55. In which column of a magazine will you most probably read the passage?
A. Travel and Fashion. B. Finance and Economy.
C. Business and Culture. D. Sports and Entertainment.
【答案】51. C 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了芬兰的社会保障机构Kela将在未来两年内每月向数千名失业公民发放免费资金，这是对一项名为“Basic Income”的项目。文章介绍了这个项目背后的理念、不确定因素以及人们对此的看法。
51. C。细节理解题。根据第二段“The idea behind Basic Income is that by giving every individual a certain amount of money with which to keep themselves out of poverty, they are better off regardless of all other factors. If a person has a well-paying job, they still get Basic Income, just like everyone else, thereby creating a society in which every adult is above poverty and also continually contributing to the economy by spending money.(Basic Income背后的想法是，通过给每个人一定数量的钱，使他们自己摆脱贫困，他们的情况更好，不管其他因素。如果一个人有一份高薪的工作，他仍然像其他人一样获得Basic Income，从而创造一个每个成年人都脱离贫困的社会，同时通过花钱不断为经济做出贡献)”可知，Basic Income的目的是帮助公民摆脱贫困，促进经济发展。故选C。
52. B。词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In the case of Finland’s experiment, individuals will be given a monthly payment of around $590, which is enough to prevent those individuals from becoming homeless, but obviously not enough to go clubbing on weekends or live”可知，but表示转折，说明在芬兰的实验中，每个人每月将获得约590美元的款项，这足以防止这些人无家可归，但显然不足以让他们周末去俱乐部或过奢侈浪费的生活。画线词意思为“浪费地”。A. Honorably.体面地；B. Wastefully.浪费地；C. Happily.快乐地；D. Freely.自由地。故选B。
53. C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The program was small in scale and timeline, and many questioned whether or not it could possibly prove the theory one way or the other. At its heart, that’s the problem with all tests of Basic Income.(这个项目在规模上很小，在时间上都很短，许多人质疑它是否有可能以某种方式证明这个理论。归根结底，这是所有Basic Income测试都存在的问题)”可知，许多人怀疑Basic Income，因为它的测试不能反映人们在短期内的真实想法。故选C。
54. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whatever the case, it’ll be interesting to see how the large-scale test turns out to be the next 24 months.(无论如何，在接下来的24个月里，大规模测试的结果将是怎样的，这将是有趣的)”可推知，作者期待测试的结果。故选A。
55. B。推理判断题。根据第一段“Finland is about to start an extremely ambitious journey to test one of the most controversial economic theories of our time. The country’s social security institution known as Kela will be handing free money to thousands of jobless citizens on a monthly basis for the next two years. It’s a test of an economic strategy known as Basic Income, which at its core is essentially free money for every person once they reach a certain age, without any prerequisites.(芬兰即将开启一段雄心勃勃的旅程，以检验当代最具争议的经济理论之一。该国的社会保障机构Kela将在未来两年内每月向数千名失业公民发放免费资金。这是对一项名为“Basic Income”的经济战略的考验。基本收入的核心是，一旦每个人到了一定年龄，就可以免费获得金钱，没有任何先决条件)”结合文章说明了芬兰的社会保障机构Kela将在未来两年内每月向数千名失业公民发放免费资金，这是对一项名为“Basic Income”的项目。文章介绍了这个项目背后的理念、不确定因素以及人们对此的看法。可推知，文章可能选自“金融和经济”栏目。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather explained his favorite expression, “Nothing is ever easy.” Then the following day, as I tried to complete my day’s work, I happened to notice a bumblebee(大黄蜂) on the skylight(天窗). The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought removing the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had changed was that the living room was a mess and that I was dizzy from looking up into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.
It is not only time that we tend to underestimate — we don’t account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our favor, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as planned, and that is completely normal. It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged — even at a task you thought was simple — because that is part of life.
If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn’t (and shouldn’t) be easy, I found myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
Of course, there should be preparations made to account for expenses or time. Doing so can only help you accomplish your goals in a better way. However, there is no need to beat ourselves up(过分自责) when something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.
56. What was out of the author’s expectation when he removed the bumblebee on the skylight?(no more than 15 words)
57. What does the underlined phrase “account for” in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 3 words)
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (no more than 15 words)
59. According to the passage, how will you deal with what stands on your path? (no more than 15 words)
60. What do you understand the sentence—“Nothing is ever easy.”? (no more than 25 words)
【答案】
56. The author spent more time but failed, only to leave a mess living room. Or: The author did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny.
57. Consider. / Calculate. / Estimate. / Think about. / Take… into consideration (account).
58. By accepting that nothing will ever be easy, life might seem slightly more manageable.
59. There is no need to beat ourselves up but give ourselves more time.
60. One possible version: Holding the belief that an unexpected task is part of our life, we shouldspare no effort to improve the situation with positive attitude.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了因为要驱离一只蜜蜂耗费作者一个小时，使得作者理解了祖父的话“没什么是容易的”的内涵。
【56题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.（我没有想到要在这么小的一只昆虫上浪费一个小时，但这样一来，我明白了祖父的意思。）”可知，作者没有想到要在这么小的昆虫上浪费一个小时，故答案为The author spent more time but failed, only to leave a mess living room. Or: The author did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny.
【57题详解】考查推理判断。根据第二段“We often imagine what can work in our favor, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us.（我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。）”可猜测，我们没有考虑意外的成本。account for指的是想到考虑，故答案为Consider. / Calculate. / Estimate. / Think about. / Take… into consideration (account).
【58题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable.（如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。）”可知，第三段主要讲的是我们要接受没什么是容易的事实，故答案为By accepting that nothing will ever be easy, life might seem slightly more manageable.
【59题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段“However, there is no need to beat ourselves upwhen something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.（然而，当某些东西挡在我们的道路上时，我们没有必要打击自己。也许我们看不到一只蜜蜂朝我们走来，但我们总可以给自己额外的时间去捕捉它。）”可知，当有阻碍时没有必要打败自己，给自己多一点时间，故答案为There is no need to beat ourselves up but give ourselves more time.
【60题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged — even at a task you thought was simple — because that is part of life.（感到有挑战是完全可以接受的——即使是一项你认为很简单的任务——因为这是生活的一部分。）”以及第三段“It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged — even at a task you thought was simple — because that is part of life.（在认识到学校不会(也不应该)很容易之后，我发现自己有了更积极的态度，成绩也得到了提高。）”可知，没什么是容易的内涵是相信意想不到的任务是我们生活的一部分，我们应该不遗余力地以积极的态度改善情况，故答案为One possible version: Holding the belief that an unexpected task is part of our life, we should spare no effort to improve the situation with positive attitude.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
昨天上午，你校组织了一场“和榜样学习”的励志宣讲会。宣讲会，来自各个年级的学霸们都讲述了自己的学习心得并分享了具体的学习方法。作为一名高三学生，你听完宣讲会后感触颇深。请你根据以下内容写一篇参会感想。
写作要点：
1.简单总结并评价这次宣讲会；
2.你从宣讲会中学到了什么。
注意：
1.词数不少于100；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3.宣讲会：an inspirational meeting
One possible version:
Yesterday morning, an inspirational meeting was held in our school. Many top students in our school shared their study experience and unique learning methods, which are beneficial to those who are confused about their studies. In my opinion, the meeting was a big success, and what it provided for us was quite valuable.
As for me, I have learnt a lot from the meeting. First, I have realized a positive attitude plays an important role in our studies. No matter what problems we may meet, we should always try our best to find solutions with strong determination. Then, I have known many useful learning methods and will apply them to my study. Lastly, I have become more confident about myself. I strongly believe I can prove my ability through hard work.
All in all, attending the inspirational meeting was a fruitful and rewarding experience, from which I’ve benefited a lot.
【解析】这篇作文要求写一篇会后感想，要点应包括宣讲会的大体内容以及自己从中学到了什么。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
【亮点说明】本篇范文结构合理，能够将要点描写完整，完全符合作文的要求。作者在范文中使用了较多的复杂句式，例如Many top students in our school shared their study experience and uniqur learning methods, which are beneficial to those who are confused about their studies.这个句子包含了一个定语从句，No matter what problems we may meet, we should always try our best to find solutions with strong determination.这个句子包含了一个no matter引导的让步状语从句。这些高级句式的使用显示出了作者深厚的英语功底。