专题05介词和介词短语-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法经典练

这是一份专题05介词和介词短语-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法经典练，共13页。
专题05 介词和介词短语（基础小题狂练+语法填空+短文改错：限时40分钟） 班级：___________姓名：___________ Exercise 1   单句语法填空1.Tickets _________ the 2021 Grand Chinese New Year Concert in ST Petersburg sold out, with 90% of the audience local Russians. 2.Underground water is ________ average, which is a warning signal of water shortage.3.If something lets you ________, it is the reason you are not as successful as you could have been.4.There would not be a good harvest of rice this year due  _________  the drought.5.The school is holding a party in the meeting hall in preparation  _________  the Mayor's visit.6.He switched the conversation from one subject  _________  another.7.I'm not in favor  __________  his argument, because it is legal to take photos of famous people during the process of  the interview.8.Throughout my childhood, my grandmother provided me  __________  unconditional love.9.Like my brothers, I cannot live up to my parents' expectations;  __________  other words, I let them down.10.We will take your recent illness  _________  consideration when marking your exam papers.11.If you're interested in other people, their food and their language, they'll be friendly  _________  you.12.It was a real race  __________  time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.13.Organic agriculture is surely better  __________  the long term, though there are some disadvantages of organic farming.14.__________  the negative international headlines that have hit Huawei over the past few months, its consumer business continues to thrive.15.One of the effective ways are to read good books and you'd better to read  __________  least one good book a week.16.The coach asked his staff to attend  __________  the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans.17.__________  instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil(麻油) hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth.18.Although the girls would lose their newly-found treasure,   __________  a way, they felt relieved.19.The worms can make farmers lose their profits.  __________  make matters worse, they are difficult to fight.20.According to experts, paper-cutting conveys the culture shared  __________  China and the West to wish for family reunions.21.The big fire in the north of Canada has destroyed more than two hundred houses  __________  last Friday.22.In tropical(热带的) forests, termites(白蚁) chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material  __________  control.23.__________  routine university courses, she also organizes nonprofit paper-cutting activities.24.__________  my daughter's words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails.25.__________  time, the idea is further developed into a written proposal, called a bill.26.Treat others with dignity, and you would earn respect  __________  return.27.Anna has gained a lot of weight this winter  __________  not doing any exercises.28.Medicine should be placed  __________  children's reach to make sure of safety.29.Nowadays, _____ the cost of living rising, young people are suffering from greater loneliness and pressure.30.A meta-analysis of hundreds of studies concluded that the device was "possibly or probably effective" ______ a treatment for depression.31.The whole problem was quite _____ him, so he decided to turn to someone else.32.During the debate, I was for the view that we should wear school uniform everyday while Lucy was _____ it.33.In his small house, there is a bookshelf, the top  _________  which is filled with poetry books.34.When we judge his performance, I think we should take his age _______ account.35.Sometimes many people feel  __________  a loss what to say in front of strangers.36.Sometimes, we have to do things  _________  our own will in our daily life.37.After a few minutes, in came a little boy who walked  __________  my direction and sat down beside me.38.The great influence printing had  __________  the advance of civilization is self-evident.39.It makes sense to provide children  __________  something age-appropriate to read instead of magazines only for adults.40.Western food isn't  __________  everyone's taste. Most Chinese still prefer traditional Chinese food.41.If you expect others to be friendly, you should behave  __________  similar ways.42.Some theme parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, while others  __________  showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.43.However, I do realize that sometimes life can get  __________  the way of us achieving our goals.44.In ancient times, the eastern people transported silk, tea and other products in exchange  __________  horses with the western shepherds.45.They invented a kind of paste(糊状物) made of a material found in plant cell walls that, when mixed  __________  sand, is able to keep water, nutrients and air.46.Growing dependency   __________  technology, such as calculators and spell checkers, may affect the way individuals use their brains.47.Since the opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the drive  __________  Hong Kong to Zhuhai or Macao has been shortened greatly.48.A sky lantern is a small hot-air balloon made of paper  _________  an opening at the bottom where there is a small fire source.49.In India, for example, most people traditionally eat  _________  their hands.50.The shadows lengthened  _________  the approach of sunset. Exercise 2 单句改错51.I’d get around my mother’s feet in the kitchen, watching her make dumplings.52.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals with the benefit of all its citizens.53.Girls who have always been at a mixed school know how to stand up themselves.54.It is known to all that playing computer games for a whole day does no good for teenagers.55.He decided to get there even in the risk of his life.56.I must apologize to you for not be able to meet you.57.He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble, to which I was grateful. 58.You may send me an answer for your earliest convenience.59.Nowadays，a growing number of people complain to our environment .60.The little duck, which was thought poorly by other ducks, turned out to be a beautiful bird. Exercise 3   语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。    Crows(乌鸦)are remarkably intelligent birds. Now these feathered geniuses are given a job: Six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. Whenever the six crows put cigarette ends or other small ①_____(piece) of trash in a special container, it offers a treat to reward the crows ②_____ their efforts.    The idea came from one of the park's employees, Christophe. In 2012, the theme park held a show during which the crows picked up roses and brought them to a "princess". It was the show ③_____inspired him. Since then, six crows ④_____ (raise) and trained to do the same with rubbish. The training system is similar to the one for testing crows' intelligence, ⑤_____a food dispenser(分发器) gives away a food reward when a crow ⑥_____ (correct) performs a task. Christophe also introduced other species of birds to go through the training. ⑦_____ (compare) with other birds, crows are much cleverer.    The purpose of ⑧_____ (train) the crows is to educate the people to reflect on themselves. Since the birds are able to protect the environment, we need to care about it too. "It is ⑨_____funny way to remind people not ⑩_____ (throw) the rubbish everywhere," said Christophe. Exercise 4 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌交换修改作文,请修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。    We are to graduate from senior high. Last week, we decided to make a video, who theme is “Thank our mother school” in honour of our school.    Firstly, we hold a discussion about the procedure as to what to make it, such as the design and contents of it. Then, we were divided into two groups. One group took some typical photos in and around the schoolyard, while the others interviewed our teachers. Finally, we asked our teachers having a talent for computers program the video. With everything doing, we played the video during the graduation ceremony. In our great joy, the video turned out to be huge success.    I’ll watch the video and look back on our old days in every time I think of our school. I’ll remember our mother school for better!
参考答案Exercise 1   单句语法填空1.答案：for2.答案：below3.答案：down4.答案：to解析：考查介词短语。句意为:由于旱灾,今年水稻不会有好收成。due to是固定短语,意为“因为,由于”。故填to。5.答案：for解析：考查介词短话。句意为:这所学校正在会议厅举办联欢会,为市长的来访做准备。in preparation for是固定短语,意为“……做准备”。故填for。6.答案：to解析：考查介词。句意为:他转移话题了。switch... from... to...是固定搭配,意为"把……从……转向……",故填to。7.答案：of解析：考查介词短语。句意为:我不赞成他的论点,因为在采访过程中拍摄名人的照片是合法的。in favor of是固定短语,意为“支持,赞同”。故填of。8.答案：with解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:在我的整个童年时期,我的祖母给予了我无条件的爱。provide sb. with sth.是固定用法,意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。9.答案：in解析：考查介词短语。句意为:像我的哥哥们一样,我达不到父母的期望;换句话说,我让他们失望了。 in other words是固定短语,意为"换句话说"。故填in。10.答案：into解析：句意为:在给你的试卷打分时,我们会考虑到你最近生病的因素。take sth. into consideration意为"考虑到某事,把某事考虑进去",为固定短语。故填into。11.答案：to/toward解析：句意为:如果你对别人表现出兴趣,对他们的食物和语言感兴趣,他们就会对你友善。be friendly to/toward...意为"对……友善",为固定短语。故填to或toward。12.答案：against解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:完成这个项目真是一场与时间的赛跑。幸运的是,我们做到了。against意为“与……竞争”,名词race与against搭配意为“与……赛跑”。故填against。13.答案：in解析：考查介词短语。句意为:从长远来看,有机农业肯定会更好,尽管现在有机耕种还有一些缺点。in the long term是固定短语,意为“从长远来看”。故填in。14.答案：Despite解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:尽管在过去几个月里有一些打击华为的负面国际新闻,但它的消费者业务仍在蓬勃发展。根据句意可知,逗号前后两句之间是转折关系,且空格后是名词,所以空格处应填介词despite,意为“即使,尽管”。故填Despite。注意首字母大写。15.答案：at解析：考查介词短语。句意为:其中一个有效的方法是读好书,你最好一周读至少一本好书。at least是固定短语,意为“至少”。故填at。16.答案：to解析：考查动词短语。句意为：教练要求他的队员注意那一大群在等他宣布他的训练计划的记者。attend to是固定短语，意为“注意”。故填to。17.答案：For解析：考查介词短语。句意为:例如,在刚生完孩子的第一个月里,新妈妈们每天都要吃麻油火锅,这曾是一种习俗。for instance是固定短语,意为“例如”。故填For。注意首字母大写。18.答案：in解析：考查介词短语。意为:虽然女孩们会失去他们新发现的宝藏,但在某种程度上,她们感到很宽慰。in a way是固定短语,意为“在某种程度上”。故填in。19.答案：To解析：考查介词短语。句意为:蠕虫会使农民们损失他们的收益。更糟糕的是,蠕虫很难被消灭。to make matters worse是固定短语,意为“让事情更糟的是”。故填To。注意首字母大写。20.答案：between解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:据专家所说,剪纸传达了中西方共有的希望家庭团圆的文化。between... and...是固定用法,意为“在……之间”。故填between。21.答案：since解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:自上周五以来,加拿大北部的大火已经烧毁了200多栋房屋。since意为“从……以来”,常与现在完成时连用。故填since。22.答案：under解析：考查介词短语。句意为:在热带森林里,白蚁咀嚼落叶和枯木,让落下来的东西处于控制之下。under control是固定短语,意为“被控制住,处于控制之下”。故填under。23.答案：Besides解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:除了日常的大学课程外,她还组织了非营利性的剪纸活动。 besides意为“除了……之外(还)”。故填Besides。注意首字母大写。24.答案：With解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:女儿的话在我耳边回响,我决定保留我那九个漂亮的指甲。with +名词/代词+非谓语动词/形容词/副词是固定用法,即with的复合结构作状语。故填With。注意首字母大写。25.答案：In解析：考查介词短语。句意为:过了一段时间之后,这个想法被进一步发展成一个书面提案,被称为法案。in time是固定短语,意为"经过一段时间之后,最后,终于"。故填In。注意首字母大写。26.答案：in解析：考查介词短语。句意为:尊重地对待别人,作为回报,你也会得到尊重。 in return是固定短语,意为"作为回报"。故填in。27.答案：from解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:因为没有锻炼,今年冬天Anna长胖了很多。根据句意可知,空格前后分句之间是因果关系,应用介词from表示原因,意为"因为,由于"。故填from。28.答案：beyond解析：考查介词短语。句意为：为了确保安全，药品应该被放在孩子们够不着的地方。 beyond one's reach是固定短语，意为"某人够不着"。故填beyond。29.答案：with解析：句意为:如今,随着生活成本的增加,年轻人正承受着更大的孤独和压力。本题考查with的复合结构, with在此处意为"随着"。故填with。30.答案：as解析：句意为:对数百项研究的整合分析结果是:这台设备作为一种治疗抑郁症的方法"可能或很可能有效"。此处表示"作为",故填as。31.答案：beyond解析：句意为:这一整个问题他根本无法理解,所以他决定找别人帮忙。be beyond sb.意为"超出某人的理解能力"。32.答案：against解析：句意为:在辩论中,我赞成我们应该每天穿校服的观点,而露西对此表示反对。根据句意可知,此处考查固定短语be against sth.,意为“反对某事”。故填against。33.答案：of解析：句意:在他的小房子里有一个书架,书架的顶层摆满了诗集。定语从句关系词which指代先行词bookshelf, the top与bookshelf之间为所属关系,表示"……的",应用介词of。34.答案：into35.答案：at解析： at a loss是固定，配表示"困感，不知所措"。36.答案：against解析：句意:在我们的日常生活中,我们有时不得不做一些违背我们意愿的事。against表示"违反,反对",符合句意。37.答案：in解析： in one's direction示"朝着某人的方向"。38.答案：on/upon解析： influence常与介词on/upon连用， influence on/upon...表示"对……的影响"。39.答案：with解析： provide sb. with sth.意为"为某人提供某物"。40.答案：to解析： to one's taste意为"符合某人的口味"。41.答案：in解析： in...way表示"以……的方式"。42.答案：for解析： be famous for因……而闻名。while others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture是while others are famous for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture的省略形式。43.答案：in解析： get in the way of意为"挡……的路,妨碍",为固定用法。44.答案：for解析： in exchange for意为"交换",是固定搭配。45.答案：with解析： be mixed with是固定搭配,意为"与……混合"。46.答案：on/upon解析： 名词dependency表示"依靠,依赖",其后常跟介词on/upon。47.答案：from解析：表示"从……到……"应用固定搭配from... to..., 故空格处填from。48.答案：with解析： 介词with在此表示"带有，有"。49.答案：with解析： with one's hands表示"用手"。50.答案：with解析： 空格处所填介词表示"随着"，故用介词with。 Exercise 2 单句改错51.答案：I’d get my mother’s feet in the kitchen, watching her make dumplings.52.答案：China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals the benefit of all its citizens.53.答案：Girls who have always been at a mixed school know how to stand up themselves.54.答案：It is known to all that playing computer games for a whole day does no good teenagers.55.答案：He decided to get there even the risk of his life.56.答案：I must apologize to you for not able to meet you.解析：考查句子改错．介词for后接动词时用动名词形式．57.答案：He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble, which I was grateful. 解析：考查介词，根据搭配be grateful to sb for sth因为某事而感谢某人，可知用for． 58.答案：You may send me an answer your earliest convenience.59.答案：Nowadays，a growing number of people complain our environment .60.答案：The little duck, which was thought poorly __加of_____ by other ducks, turned out to be a beautiful bird. Exercise 3   语法填空①pieces ②for ③that ④have been raised ⑤where ⑥correctly ⑦Compared ⑧training ⑨a ⑩to throw解析：①考查名词的复数形式。句意:每当这六只乌鸦把烟头或其他小垃圾放进一个特殊的容器里时,它们的努力就会得到奖励。other 修饰可数名词复数,故填pieces。 ②考查介词。句意参考上题解析。此处表示“因……而奖励”,故填for。③考查强调句型。句意:正是那个表演给了他灵感。此处为强调句型,其基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其余部分,此处强调the show,故填that。④考查动词的时态。句意:从那时起,这六只乌鸦就被饲养并训练捡垃圾。since then表明用现在完成时,six crows与raise之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,故填have been raised。⑤考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这个训练系统类似于乌鸦智力测试系统,在这个测试系统中,每当乌鸦正确地完成一项任务时,食物分配器会给予食物奖励。此处为非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主宾表,故填where。⑥考查词性转换。句意参考上题解析,修饰动词performs用副词形式。⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他鸟类相比,乌鸦聪明得多。compared with/to与……相比。⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:训练乌鸦的目的是教育人们反省自己。作介词of的宾语用动名词,故填training。⑨考查冠词。句意:这是一个提醒人们不要到处扔垃圾的有趣的方式。way 是可数名词,用不定冠词表示泛指,故填a。⑩考查非谓语动词。句意参考.上题解析,remind sb. (not) to do sth.提醒某人(不)做某事。Exercise 4 短文改错答案：    We are to graduate from senior high. Last week, we decided to make a video, theme is “Thank our mother school” in honour of our school.    Firstly, we a discussion about the procedure as to to make it, such as the design and contents of it. Then, we were divided into two groups. One group took some typical photos in and around the schoolyard, while the interviewed our teachers. Finally, we asked our teachers having a talent for computers program the video. With everything, we played the video during the graduation ceremony. our great joy, the video turned out to be   （加a）huge success.    I’ll watch the video and look back on our old days in every time I think of our school. I’ll remember our mother school for!解析：这是一篇记叙文。讲述了即将高中毕业的作者，制作主题为“感谢母校”的一个视频的过程。1. 考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们决定制作一个视频，主题是“感谢母校”，以纪念我们的学校。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a video，在从句中充当theme的定语，所以用whose引导，故把who改成whose。2. 考查时态。句意：首先，我们讨论了怎样制作的程序，如设计和内容。根据上文的时间状语last week以及下文的一般过去时态再结合句意，可知此句用一般过去时态，故把hold改为held。3. 考查疑问词。句意：参见上题。分析句子可知，as to后用“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语，此处动词不定式to make it完整，应用疑问副词，结合句意，表方式，所以用疑问副词how，故把what改为how。4. 考查代词。句意：一组在校园内和周围拍一些代表性的照片，另一组采访我们的老师。根据上文“Then, we were divided into two groups.”我们被分成了两组。可知，此处用到one...the other“一个……，另一个……”，the other特指两者中的另一个，故把others改为other。5. 考查固定搭配。句意：最后，我们请有电脑天赋的老师来制作视频。固定搭配ask ab. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，符合句意，故在program前加to。6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一切都完成后，我们在毕业典礼上播放了视频。with+宾语+宾语补足语，此处宾补是非谓语动词，且宾语everything和do之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词做宾补，故把doing改为done。7. 考查介词。句意：令我们非常高兴的是，这段视频取得了巨大的成功。固定搭配to one's joy“让某人高兴的是”，符合句意，置于句首，首字母大写。故把In改为To。8. 考查冠词。句意：参见上题。此句中success泛指“一件成功的事”，是可数名词，huge以辅音音素开头，故在huge前加a。9. 考查介词。句意：每当我想起我们的学校，我就会看录像，回顾过去的日子。此句中every time充当连词，表示“每一次”，前不需要介词，故把in删掉。10. 考查固定短语。句意：我会永远记住我们的母校！固定搭配for good“永远；永久”，符合句意，故把better改为good。