2022合肥一中最后一卷英语试卷及答案

合肥一中最后一卷英语试题参考答案

第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）

1-5 BABCA  6-10 ABCBC  11-15 ACCCA  16-20 ACBCB

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

21-23 CAD  24-27 CBDA  28-31 CABD  32-35 BBDC  36-40 36-40  CEGFA

【详解】

A篇

这是一篇广告类说明文，一则招生启事，介绍了在Harvard校园的大学预科课程。

21.C 细节理解题。由文中”The Course Experience”标题下这句With over 30 courses to choose from in each session of three, you’re sure to find a topic that inspires your interest.可知，三期课程，每期30个课程。故选C项。

22.A细节理解题。直接在文中寻找标题，排除干扰信息，网页上可以直接获得的信息为第四个标题信息The course experience.。故选A项。

23.D细节理解题。结合How to Apply标题下申请者的两个标准•Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2023 or 2024 •Are at least 16 years old by June 18, 2022, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2022，可知，D项中的条件符合。故选D项。

B篇

这是一篇人物新闻报道。介绍了2022年建筑界的最高奖Pritzker prize获得者Francis Kéré的奋斗、成功、希冀的励志故事。

24.C 细节理解题。由第二段评委会的评价“Francis Kéré’s entire body of work shows us the power of materiality(物质性) rooted in place,” said the Pritzker jury(评委会), “His buildings, for and with communities, are directly of those communities - in their making, their materials, their programs and their unique characters... 可知，Francis Kéré的建筑作品和社区和谐统一，不造作不矫饰，其优雅自成一格，表现在材料选择，建设过程，项目目的和作品本身的特色上。B选项错在simple designs, 故选C项。

25.B 目的意图题。由第四段第一句Kéré’s Gando primary school set out the basic principles that would go on to define his work,... 可知，这所小学校的建设展示了他的建筑原则和风格。故选B项。

26.D推理判断题。由最后一段第一句One invitation after another, Kéré continues to experiment with natural alternatives to modern materials and systems,... 可知，Kéré 的特色之一是用不断尝试自然取材代替现代材料和体系，所以推断他的作品中会找到natural alternatives。故选D项。

27.A 推理判断题。由第三段Kéré求学生涯中最后一项作业为他的家乡建造小学校的过程中，For his final project he designed a primary school for his home village – and set about fundraising and mobilizing friends and family to see it built. He thought he owed a lot to his community.可以看出Kéré的性格之一being responsible; 再根据第二段普利策奖评委的评价及最后一段中他的不停尝试建筑材料体系的自然替代方法，可知Kéré另一特点being creative。故选A项。

C篇

这是一篇科技方面的说明文。介绍和人类相比，机器人在抓取东西时遇到的挑战以及工程师如何让其学习训练精准抓取物件。

28.C词义猜测题。由第一段A computer can easily defeat a human grandmaster at the game of chess by coming up with better moves. Yet a robot has trouble picking up an actual chess piece.可知在国际象棋比赛中，电脑可以通过更好的招数轻松击败棋类大师。然而，机器人拿起一枚真正的棋子却有困难。故选C项。

29.A推理判断题。由第四段第一句Despite these challenges, humans grasp things all the time. Millions of years of evolution provided brains and bodies with ways to adapt. 可知人类能抓握物体，是几百万年的进化让大脑和身体有适应的方法，反之，机器人不能adapt。故选A项。

30.B 细节理解题。由第四段中To help robots learn “robust( 强有力的) grips”, Goldberg’s team set up a virtual world DexNet where the AI model receive training. 可知，机器人是在DexNet虚拟现实中进行学习训练的。故选B项。

31.D推理判断题。由最后一段中“For now, though, if you want to beat a robot at chess, make it play on a real, physical chess board.”Goldberg adds. “不过，现在，如果你想在国际象棋中打败机器人，让它在一个真实的、实体的棋盘上下棋。”可知Goldberg开了个玩笑，再从第一段他称机器人“Robots are klutzes,”可以看出，他的调子轻松幽默。故选D项。

D篇

这是一篇讨论如何让人类回到专注状态并提出两种解决途径，为议论文体。

32.B 细节理解题。由第三段中Although light smartphone users showed no change, moderate users experienced initial alarm that leveled off,... 可知，在Rosen的一个研究中发现，中度使用手机者体验到初的不安感，这种不安感趋于平稳。故选B项。

33.B 推理判断题。由最后一段中Technology was not the problem; our use of it was. We were not using tools designed to make online communications as focused and productive as possible. 可知，科技本身没有问题，是我们的使用有问题。我们没在使用旨在使在线交流尽可能集中和高效的工具。反之，就是选项B的意思：Used correctly, technology serves its purpose. 如果使用得当，技术可以起到它应有的作用。故选B项。

34.D推理判断题。由第二段The solutions of two experts, Larry Rosen, a psychologist, and Samuel, a technologist, offer useful approaches separately on how we can begin to tackle this huge and growing challenge.可知，全文围绕两位专家克服人类attention distraction挑战而提出的解决方案，推出他俩的共同目标是 “conquer digital distraction”。故选C项。

35.C主旨大意题。由全文主旨如何克服数码干扰，回归心流，两位专家，各自化解。但目标一致，Tune out and Focus in屏蔽干扰我们的迎进我们的专注力， 故选C项。

七选五

36. C空格位于首段句中，根据空格后的But chances are, so will several other candidates. 可知前文与该句构成转折关系，并且so 指代空格处的内容。结合C选项“当然了，你可能会符合资格条件的所有要求，但其他候选人可能会同样如此“故选C
37. E空格位于段尾，本段主题为 “Add a personal touch.”增加个人特色；空格前对主题进行了描述。E选项中的this 指代了前文的 reach out to you potential employer ，并且 compose a handwritten thank you note 也符合本段主题，故选E
38. G空格位于段中，主题仍然为“增加个人特色”，结合空格后句中的also可知本段讲述的是与面试官进行联系的好处；G选项中的better still 更好的是，构成了递进的逻辑关系。以及“使你得到一个让面试官知晓名字的机会”也符合本段主题，故选G
39. F空格位于段尾，本段主题为Do your research。根据空格后的And then you can play those back at interview，可知空格处讨论的是通过研究公司年度报告，来了解公司运作方法的关键词。故选 F
40. A空格为标题，根据首句中的‘learning agility’ 以及尾句中的our willingness and ability to learn new skills, and adapt or take on new challenges and working patterns， 可知本段主题为 ”成长型心态”，故选A

第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

41-60 DBCDA  ACBBD  CADDB  ADCCB

【详解】本文作者分享了一个引人思考给人启发的教育孩子的故事。作为父母的成人也犯错误也能从错误中学习成长，为什么要抓住孩子的每一个小错误不放？为什么不能以孩子的标尺来衡量孩子？

41. 【答案】D

【解析】几乎没有什么故事能让我向自己承诺明天要让自己变得更好，一直到这个故事（激励改变了我）故选D。

42. 【答案】B

【解析】见上题。Not...until...

43.【答案】C

【解析】从这一段开始是一个父亲的独白，从下文倒数第二段中 I have come to your bedside in the darkness,...可知在黑暗中孩子的床边，孩子在睡眠中lie asleep ，选择 C。

44. 【答案】D

【解析】此题为副词语境意义辨析题。A. precisely精确地 B. aimlessly 漫无目的地 C. swiftly迅速地；敏捷地              D. casually随意地，漫不经心地，我呵斥你是因为你早晨洗脸时用毛巾胡乱擦一下，故选D。

45. 【答案】A

【解析】此题为动词短语语境意义辨析题。A. called out大声叫嚷 B. stood by袖手旁观；支持；坚持              C. stopped over中途停留              D.showed up出现；露面，这里这位父亲不满于孩子乱丢东西而冲他叫嚷，故选择 A。

46. 【答案】A

【解析】本题为线索推断题。从下一段第一句Then it began   49    in the late afternoon.及本段线索you wolfed down your food. You put your elbows on the table判断，早餐期间发生的一幕故选 B。

47. 【答案】C

【解析】本题考查动词语境意义辨析。A. addressed解决问题；做演讲 B. treated治疗；对待；招待              C.spread展开，张开，伸开（手臂、手指、腿）；扩散，蔓延；传播；涂，敷              D.mixed混合的，答案选C涂抹黄油 。

48. 【答案】B

【解析】此题考查语境线索。Look at your posture(姿势). Hold your   48   back，孩子和爸爸挥手告别时，爸爸觉得他姿势难看，再根据选项，应该“肩膀收一收，以免张牙舞爪”故选 B。

49. 【答案】B

【解析】此题考查语境线索。到下午的时候，父亲对孩子不满责备又上演一遍，故选 B.all over again.

50. 【答案】D

【解析】此题为语境线索题。I spied you,   50  on your knees, playing marbles(弹球)，父亲见到孩子跪在地上打弹球，所以此题选D。

51. 【答案】C

【解析】此题为语境线索题，从下文“Socks are expensive. And if you had to -   53 them you would be more careful! "，推断孩子的袜子破了有洞眼，故选 C。

52. 【答案】A

【解析】此题为动词语境意义辨析题，A. marching 使大步走 B.guiding指导；领路 C. comparing比较              D. challenging挑战，父亲一边呵斥，一边督促孩子快步走回家，故选 A。

53. 【答案】D

【解析】此题为上下文线索题，来自父亲的不满和威胁“Socks are expensive. And if you had to -   53 them you would be more careful! "“袜子很贵的，你若要弄破了再买的话，你可要给我当心”，故选D。

54. 【答案】D

【解析】此题为副词语境意义辨析题，A. unwillingly不情愿地 B. excitedly兴奋地 C. calmly平静地              D. shyly害羞地；小心地，被父亲呵斥一番，孩子后来怯生生地来到父亲身边，故选 D。

55. 【答案】B

【解析】此题为上下文线索题，根据这一段中when I was reading in the study，父亲从阅读的报纸中抬起目光，故选B。

 56. 【答案】A

【解析】此题为名词语境意义辨析题，孩子尽管被父亲责骂，但紧紧地搂着爸爸的脖子亲吻爸爸时，满心热爱和依恋，A. affection              喜爱B. meaning意思；意义              C.dependence依靠              D. insecurity不安全；无把握，故选A。

57. 【答案】D

【解析】此题为动词语境意义辨析题，A. tripped倾翻；绊倒 B.chanted吟唱 C.failed未能做出              D. knelt跪下，父亲在反思之后，来到孩子的床边，I have come to your bedside in the darkness, and I have    57    there, ashamed!从ashamed及故事经过，可知父亲认识到自己的错误，跪在孩子的床边，认真忏悔，故选D。

58. 【答案】C

【解析】此题为形容词语境意义辨析题，这一段是作者的议论和思考A. fit适合的；健康的B.competent有能力的              C. perfect完美无缺的              D. forgiving宽容的，我们通常想让孩子完美无缺，故选C。

59. 【答案】C

【解析】此题为动词短语语境意义辨析题，A. take in吸收；收留；领会；欺骗 B. catch on流行起来；学会；理解              C.move on罢手去做别的事              D.get by勉强过活; 勉强对付过去。我们自己犯了错误都可以原谅自己从这里转移注意力，故选C。

60. 【答案】B

【解析】此题为动词的语境意义辨析题，A. compliment表演 B.measure测量；衡量C.serve服务；供应; 提供；起作用              D.inspire激励；鼓舞，我们要以孩子的标尺衡量孩子故选B。

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

61. a    62. weighing   63. significant   64. dangers   65. which   66. larger   67. disable  

68. to   69. itself   70. are   

【详解】

61. a 考查冠词。句意为一大片太空垃圾，一个未使用的火箭，在3月4日撞击了月球的黑暗面。故填 “a”。
62. weighing 考查非谓语动词。句意为火箭的来源并不清楚，但科学家指导它体积巨大，重达3吨。因为火箭和重达是主动关系，故用v-ing.
63. significant 考查词性变化。句意为关于这个太空垃圾重要的是它引起人们去关注太空垃圾潜在的危险。系动词后加表语，故用形容词。
64. dangers 考查名词的复数。句意为关于这个太空垃圾重要的是它引起人们去关注太空垃圾潜在的危险。some of+ 可数名词复数，故用dangers.
65. Which 考查定语从句。句意为2016年，细小的太空残骸，比一毫米更小，造成了国际空间站的窗户的缺口。定语从句引导词在从句中做主语，表事物，故用which.
66. larger 考查形容词比较级。与前文做对比，一片不足一毫米的残骸都可能造成国际空间站窗户的缺口，想象一下更大片的残骸所能造成的破坏。
67. disable 考查词形变化。句意为欧洲宇航局网站说，大于一厘米的物体能够毁坏卫星上的器械或关键的飞行系统， 而大于10厘米就能够撕碎卫星或飞行器。故为disable。
68. to 考查介词。句意为除了给卫星或飞行器带来的潜在危害外，太空垃圾还可能给地球本身带来威胁。damage to sth, 故用to。
69. itself 考查反身代词。句意为除了给卫星或飞行器带来的潜在危害外，太空垃圾还可能给地球本身带来威胁。故用itself.
70. are考查谓语动词。句意为剩余的火箭残骸可能包含对动植物有害的物质。主语为复数，故用are.

第四部分  写作 (共两节，满分35分)

Dear Michael,

I’m glad to know that you are learning Chinese language and culture. In your email you say

                                                                          said

that you wanted to know something about my family spirits. 

                                           spirit

Well, there are many good qualities what have been passed^ generation to generation in my

                                 which            from

family. My parents always lay emphasis on the importance of honesty, brave, perseverance and

                                                         bravery

diligence, setting good examples for my brother and me.

My family spirit has the profound influence to me. I’m always friendly to others and ready to

                     a                 on

help others. It always cheers us up, inspired me to chase my goal even though I meet with

                       me    inspiring

difficulties. Owing to those good qualities, and I have made great achievements in my studies and

life.

Yours,

Li Hua

【详解】本文介绍了我家良好的家风对我的影响。

71. 考查谓语动词的时态。因为在上一封邮件中你向我询问了我家的家风，所以用一般过去时。
72. 考查名词。根据第三段首句，这篇文章讲的是家风，所以用spirit.
73. 考查定语从句。本句是定语从句，非名词性从句，指代物体，故用which.
74. 考查词组。句意为在我家，有很多优良的品质代代相传。故要添加from.
75. 考查形容词、名词混用。句意为我的父母总是强调诚实、勇敢、坚持和勤奋的重要性，给我和我弟弟树立了榜样。故用名词。
76. 考查冠词。句意为我的家风对我有着深远的影响。故用不定冠词。
77. 考查介词。句意为我的家风对我有着深远的影响。故用on。
78. 考查代词。因为都是说家风对我的影响，故用me.
79. 考查非谓语动词。家风和激励我是主动关系，故用v-ing.
80. 考查连词。句意为因为这些良好的品质，我在生活和学习上都取得了巨大的成就。此句不是并列句，故把and删掉。

第二节 书面表达(满分25分) （略）

听力原文

听力材料

Text 1

W: Can I see you at 10:00, Professor Brown?

M: I’m sorry, Lily, but I’m having class then. Why not come half an hour later?

Text 2

M: I’ll be back tonight! Would you please send me something to eat to my room?

W: Just phone Room Service and tell them what you like.

Text 3

W: I can’t decide which school to go to. This matter is a real headache. What would you do if you were in my shoes?

M: If I were you, I’d do a research first. And see which school would provide what I most want.

Text 4

M: Ryan didn’t go to work yesterday. He was running a fever and had to go to the hospital.

W: Oh, really? I thought he was watching football with his friends.

Text 5

W: Thank goodness! You’re still here.

M: What’s up?

W: I need your signature for this document. It’s urgent.

Text 6

M: Hello, how can I help you?

W: Hello, I need to cancel my reservation. I have something important to deal with so that I can’t make it.

M: That’s not a problem. Just give me your full name, phone number, and your date of visit. I would say Lucia.

W: Lucia Jones, 618-768-4365. It begins on the first Saturday of September.

M: I see your reservation on the computer. I’ll just his one button, madam, and you’ll be all set.

Text 7

W: Hi Peter. Have you been in London long?

M: Hi Maggie. I got here last Friday. It’s about a week now.

W: I just arrived. What’s the hotel like?

M: It’s okay. Not perfect, but for this price, not bad.

W: Why? What’s the matter with it?

M: Well, the heating doesn’t always work. And it was freezing in here yesterday. The breakfast is very early in the morning. Today I overslept and missed it completely.

W: You overslept? Why was that?

M: Well, there’s a man with a boy staying next door. They’ve been here for three days now, and the boy is really noisy. I didn’t get any sleep.

W: Oh no. Well, I don’t know what we can do about the breakfast or other guests. But why don’t you ask the hotel to look at the heating?

M: Hmm. Good idea. I’ll talk to them about it right now.

Text 8

M: I’d appreciate it if you could help me pick out a gift for my daughter.

W: Would she be interested in a laptop? I saw her playing puzzle games with my son, Tom last week.

M: That’s exactly what I was thinking of.

W: It would be an excellent gift.

M: Her friends in her age all have Macs. Besides, she got excellent grades in the midterm exams.

W: How brilliant she is! I must say she deserves a good gift. I hope I’ll be able to have the same chance to reward Tom one day.

M: Thanks. Then I’ll take one home with me from the Apple Computer Inc. This weekend. After that, I want to buy some snacks, because she studies very late recently, and I don’t want her to be hungry.

W: You’re such a good father. She’ll be very happy with this.

Text 9

W:Why don’t you tell me something about yourself? Such as your background, experience and any personal information that you think is relevant.

M: Well, I was born in Montreal and went to school there, right up through college. My father is an engineer and my mother is a college teacher.

W: Sounds as if you come from a professional family.

M: That’s right. My sister is a lawyer and my brother works in a hospital.

W: What made you decide to get into computers?

M: Oh, nothing in particular, I suppose. I just like it.

W: Now what about your experience? How long have you been working with computers?

M: More than five years now. After I did my engineering degree, I began to specialize in computer technology and I even had my own company for a while.

W: It sound quite impressive. I’ll talk to the boss and get back to you in a week.

M: Thanks for your time.

Text 10

独白: “Work hard, get ahead,” many people think. But if humans could work without taking breaks, I imagine some people would never rest. It’s easy to see why some people work hard. In school, tests and assignments measure your progress in real numbers. In the workplace, overtime can mean extra money. Some people work crazy hours because they feel they can’t say “no” to their boss. It’s always good to impress the boss! It’s hard to see what could be wrong with endless work. “Save your money and rest when you retire,” people say. And we take pride in saying how very busy we are. But taking time for ourselves is necessary. People need to give their minds a break from daily stress. When people use their free time to follow their interests, life gains meaning and purpose. Hobbies keep your brain working in a fun way, and most hobbies involve social activities. And if your free time involves physical activities, you could even live longer. Don’t become so busy chasing the good life that you forget to live the one you’ve got already.