微专题--形容词副词 讲义 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾) 2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 （教师版+学生版）

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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（形容词副词）教师版  考点清单一、形容词变副词加-ly要点精讲1：常见以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；monthly每月的；motherly慈母般的；deadly致命的；likely很可能的；有希望的；elderly上了年纪的；稍老的 要点精讲2：多数形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：successful—successfully  severe—severely  extreme—extremely 例外：full-fully 要点精讲3：以-y结尾形容词变副词要变y为i再加-ly：happy—happily  easy—easily  heavy—heavily  necessary---necessarily 例外：shy—shyly 要点精讲4：以-le, -ble结尾的形容词变副词，去e加y：gentle—gently  possible—possibly  probable—probably  simple—simply 例外：true—truly  whole—wholly  要点精讲5：以-ic结尾的形容词变为副词，直接加-ally：basic—basically  specific—specifically automatic—automatically 例外：public--publicly要点精讲6：以-ing结尾形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：surprising-surprisingly  increasing—increasingly  interesting—interestingly 要点精讲7：以-ed结尾形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：repeat—repeatedly  hurried—hurriedly  unexpected—unexpectedly例1：I'm terribly sorry, sir. I'll get you another one. 例2：Healthy teeth can help us pronounce accurately.例3：We should plan scientifically, and establish a proper city network. 例4：She didn't let anyone know what she truly felt. 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2019•全国II) Her years of hard work have _________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.2.(2019•全国III) They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were_________        (huge) popular with tourists.3.(2019•浙江) When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _________ (easy) see them.4. In spite of the fall from his horse, his legs were         (surprise) uninjured.【答案与解析】1.finally。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是finally。2.hugely。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是hugely。3.easily。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是easily。4.surprisingly。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是surprisingly。考点清单二、形容词用于系表结构作表语要点精讲：“系动词+表语”结构中系动词后接形容词作表语，该考点在短文改错中频繁出现应予以重视。这些系动词分三类：①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out例5：Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 例6：His dream of being a dancer has come true. 例7：What he said proved to be correct in the end.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。5.(2019·浙江) School uniforms are ________(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.6.(2018·全国III) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel _________ (challenge). 7.(2018·浙江) The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be _________ (afford) but doing this most days adds up.8.(2019·全国II) But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _________ (wonder).9.(2018·全国I) Running is cheap, easy and it’s always _________ (energy).【答案与解析】5.traditional。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是traditional。6.challenged。结合语境应用形容词作表语。feel challenged表示“感到被挑战”。故答案是challenged。7.affordable。结合语境应用形容词作表语，affordable表示“买得起的”。故答案是affordable。8.wonderful。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是wonderful。9.energetic。结合语境应用形容词作表语，energetic表示“使精力充沛的”。故答案是energetic。考点清单三、形容词修饰名词作定语 要点精讲：形容词修饰名词作定语是基本用法，此考点在短文改错中经常出现，难度不大，注意审题即可。例8：Do you know anyone famous in this field?例9：I know an actor suitable for the part. 例10：Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 【即时训练】单句改错或在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。10.(2017·全国I) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.11.(2019·北京) Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _____________ (meaning) college experience.12.(2017•浙江) But something made her look closer, and she noticed a _____________ (shine) object.【答案与解析】10. suddenly改为sudden。结合语境修饰名词应用形容词。故答案是suddenly改为sudden。11.meaningful。结合语境应用形容词作定语，meaningful表示“有意义的”。故答案是meaningful。12.shining/shiny。结合语境应用形容词作定语，shining/shiny表示“闪光的，发亮的”。故答案是shining/shiny。考点清单四、易混形容词副词辨析要点精讲1：具有两种形式的副词的区别deep adv在深处，深深地（本义，不带感情色彩）deeply adv 深深地（引申义，带有感情色彩）high adv 高高地（本义，不带感情色彩）highly adv 高度地（引申义，带有感情色彩）close adv在深处，深深地（本义，不带感情色彩）closely adv 密切地；仔细地（引申义，带有感情色彩）wide adv 大地；宽地 widely adv 广泛地 late adv 迟地，晚地 lately adv 最近；近来hard adv 努力地；用功地 hardly adv 几乎不most adv 最多，最 mostly adv 大部分地；主要地例11：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.例12：Even my father was deeply moved by the film.例13：He opened the door wide to see clearly what was happening outside.例14：English is widely used in the world.【即时训练】从括号内所给单词中选择一个填在空白处。13. We think _____________ (high/highly) of their research in the field. 14. It's only _____________ (late/lately) that she's been well enough to go out.15. Gwen had not seen her dad all that much, because _____________ (most/mostly) he worked on the ships. 16. She has thought very _____________ (hard/hardly) about her future plans. 【答案与解析】13. highly。think highly of是固定搭配，表示“高度评价”。故答案是highly。14. lately。lately表示“最近，近来”，常与现在完成时连用。故答案是lately。15. mostly。mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，符合语境逻辑。故答案是mostly。16. hard。think hard表示“用心思考”。故答案是hard。要点精讲2：常见易混形容词副词的区别so adv 如此；太 （修饰形容词、副词或动词）such adj 这样的，如此的 （修饰名词）good adj 好的，好样的 （作定语或表语）well adv 好的 （修饰动词、形容词作状语）many adj 很多的，许多的（修饰复数名词）much adj很多的，许多的（修饰不可数名词）few adj 一些；少的（修饰复数名词）little adj一些；少的（修饰不可数名词）例15：She spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear her. 例16：He could put an idea in such a way that Alan would believe it was his own. 例17：There seem to be fewer tourists around this year. 例18：I had little money and little free time. 【即时训练】单句改错。17. (2016·全国II) It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.18. (2016·全国III)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such.19. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. 【答案与解析】17. many改为much。句意：这样花钱不多，但是仍然可以学到很多东西。涉及到金钱，不可数概念，故答案是many改为much。18. such改为so。so这里代替上文出现的句子。故答案是such改为so。19. much改为many。结合语境这里指There are so fruits…，复数概念，故答案是much改为many。要点精讲3：-ing、-ed类形容词-ed形容词主要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到……”之意。-ing形容词主要用来说明给人的感受，含有“令人……”之意。例19：The instructions on the box are very confusing. 例20：The children gave a confused account of what had happened.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。20. The audience were very ___________ (excite) by the show.21. The parents are ___________ (worry) about their ___________ (worry) son.22. When a police car appeared on the road, the thief had a ___________ (frighten) look on his face. 【答案与解析】20. excited。句意：观众们看了演出感到非常激动。结合语境应用excited。故答案是excited。21. worried；worrying。句意：父母在为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。句中用worried说明父母，是因为父母感到担心；用worrying说明儿子，是因为这个儿子令父母担心。故答案是worried；worrying。22. frightened。句意：当警车出现在马路上时，那个小偷脸上是吃惊的表情。根据语境逻辑脸上是“感到吃惊的”表情。故答案是frightened。要点精讲3：形容词副词语境辨析形容词副词语境辨析能力四高考英语基本要求之一，具体体现在单项填空、完形填空、短文改错中。辨析的技巧包括：一看汉语意思，二看固定搭配，三看行文逻辑。【即时训练】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。23. I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.A. special   B. superior   C. grateful   D. attractive24. They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies. A. legally   B. sincerely   C. personally   D. deliberately25. The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.A. gradually    B. usually          C. previously         D. merely 26. Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.A. accurate     B. punctual          C. efficient          D. reasonable 27. I don’t think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.A. faithful       B. parallel           C. relevant           D. similar【答案与解析】23. C。句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A特殊的；B优秀的，比......好的；C感激的；D有吸引力的。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选C。24. C。句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。A合法地；B真诚地；C亲自，当面地，个人而言；D故意地。故选C。25. A。句意:那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极, (比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”B项“通常，经常”; C项“以前”; D项“仅仅”。故选A项。26.B．句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项“守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选D项。27. C。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与……平行”；C项“和……相关”；D项“和……相似”。be relevant to“和……相关”。故选C项。好题再练（一）高考真题1. (2021•全国甲) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and        watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _________ (day) routines.2. (2021•全国乙)Provide _________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 3.(2021•全国新高考)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will_________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!4.(2021•浙江1月) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed _________ (sharp).5.( 2021•全国新高考) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure that offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _________ (ache) legs.6.(2020•全国I) Landing on the moon’s far side is _________ (extreme) challenging.7.(2020•全国II) Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The _________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.8.(2020•全国III) As the small boat moved, _________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.9.(2020•北京) Oliver says if you're _________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 10. (2020•山东)In the 18th and 19th centuries, _________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.【答案】1.daily 2.financial 3.undoubtedly 4.sharply 5.aching 6.extremely 7.beautiful 8.gently 9.lucky 10.wealthy 好题再练（二）高考真题11. (2021•全国甲) In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.12. (2021•全国乙)Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on their own.13. (2021•全国乙)What’s more, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.14.(2020•全国I) Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.15.(2020•全国II) Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.16.(2020•全国II) I’m surely you’ll have a good time.17.(2020•全国III) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.18.(2019•全国I) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.19.(2019•全国II) First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.20.(2019•全国III) What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.【答案】11.mostly改为most 12.little改为few 13.mentally改为mental 14.simply改为simple 15.such改为so 16.surely改为sure 17.concerning改为concerned 18.hardly改为hard 19.coolly改为cool 20.ordinarily改为ordinary  好题再练（三）高考真题21. ( 2021•天津)While rock-climbing, you need to remain very _____ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.              A. satisfied   B. focused   C. amused   D. delighted22. (2021•天津)As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.A. increasingly   B. equally   C. nervously   D. confusingly23. (2020•江苏)The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.A. absurd    B. abrupt    C. allergic   D. authentic24. (2020•天津)According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.A. worthwhile   B. necessary   C. optional   D. serious25. (2019•江苏)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casual    B. regular    C. flexible   D. tight26. (2018•江苏)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen        B. reluctant    C. anxious      D. ready27. (2017•江苏)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.A. alternative        B. aggressive       C. ambiguous         D. apparent 28. (2016•江苏)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most __________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.A. explicit   B. ambiguous   C. original   D. arbitrary29. (2016•江苏)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most __________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.A. explicit   B. ambiguous   C. original   D. arbitrary30. (2015•江苏)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case.A. comprehensive      B. complicated       C. conscious       D. crucial【答案与解析】21. B。句意：在攀岩的时候，你需要保持非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的；B. focused专注的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误，攀岩的时候需要保持专注，focused符合语境。故选B。22. A。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地，渐增地；B. equally相等地；C. nervously紧张地；D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。故选A。23. B。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。24. C。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。25. C。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。26. B。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。27. A。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的，但是也很难找到其它的解释。故选A。28. A。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。29. A。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。30. A。句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。comprehensive “综合的，全面的，有理解力的”；complicated “复杂的”；conscious “有意识的”；crucial “至关重要的”。故选A项。