微专题--动名词 讲义 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾) 2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 （教师版+学生版）

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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（动名词）教师版 考点清单一、动名词作主语要点精讲：1.动名词直接作主语，如：Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。2.It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is no use/good doing sth。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. __________(walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.2. It’s no good _________(talk) without doing.3. ________________(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.【答案与解析】1. Walking。动名词短语直接作主语，泛指一种行为。故答案是Walking。2. talking。It is no use/good doing sth。是固定句型，动名词是真正主语。故答案是talking。3. Being exposed。首先语境需要动名词短语作主语；be exposed to sth是固定词组。故答案是Being exposed。考点清单二：动名词作宾语要点精讲1：只接doing作宾语的动词：【妙记】 mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的: mind/miss, enjoy/escape, consider, avoid/appreciate/advocate/allow, risk, finish/forbid/fancy, imagine, practise/postpone, suggest, delay。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。4. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _______(lose)the good opportunity. 5. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_____________ (catch).【答案与解析】4. losing。risk doing表示“冒险做某事”。故答案是losing。5. being caught。miss doing表示“错过做某事”，结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是being caught。要点精讲2：接to do/doing意义不同的动词：【妙记】frogshmt青蛙聪明：forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6. Missing the train means __________(wait) for another two hours. 7. I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 8. Because of my illness, I can’t help _________ (do) housework. Seeing my mother taking good care of me, I can’t help ________ (cry). 【答案与解析】6. waiting。mean to do打算做某事；mean doing意味着。句意：错过这趟火车意味着再等两小时。故答案是waiting。7. to lock。remember to do表示“记住去做某事”，和后面“忘记去关灯”呼应，故答案是to lock。故答案是to lock。8. (to) do; crying。can’t help (to) do表示“不能帮助做某事”；can’t help doing表示“禁不住做某事”。故答案是(to) do; crying。要点精讲3：含介词to的动词短语：look forward to盼望某事；get down to着手；be used/accustomed to 习惯于；stick to坚持；pay attention to注意；devote oneself to致力于；object to反对；be opposed to反对；When it comes to 谈到……。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。9. Isn't it time you got down to___________(mark) the papers?10. The children are looking forward to ___________________ (offer) Christmas gifts. 11. She has devoted all her life to __________(teach) the disabled boy. 【答案与解析】9. marking。get down to doing表示“着手做某事”，to是介词。故答案是marking。10. being offered。look forward to盼望某事，to是介词；结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是being offered。11. teaching。devote oneself to致力于，to是介词。故答案是teaching。要点精讲4：省略介词类动词短语：spend…(in) doing花费时间做某事；waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事；be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事；prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事；have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难；have trouble (in) doing做某事有困难；There is no point (in) doing做……没有用；have fun (in) doing做……开心。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time________(pass) the exam. 13. According to a recent survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ______(watch) TV. 14. You can’t imagine what great trouble she had __________(raise) the four children. 【答案与解析】12. passing。have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难，介词in可以省略。故答案是passing。13. watching。spend…(in) doing花费时间做某事，介词in可以省略。故答案是watching。14. raising。have trouble (in) doing做某事有困难，介词in可以省略。故答案是raising。要点精讲5：动名词主动形式表示被动意义：want/need/require doing=to be done需要做某事；be worth doing=be worthy of being done值得做；deserve doing=deserve to be done值得做。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15. After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need___________/_______________ (repair).16. The new film you referred to this morning deserves __________(see) again. 【答案与解析】15. repairing/to be repaired。want/need/require doing=to be done需要做某事。故答案是repairing/to be repaired。16. seeing/to be seen。deserve doing=deserve to be done值得做，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。故答案是seeing。考点清单三：动名词复合结构：要点精讲：1.标准式: 名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); 形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。2.省略式: 名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); 宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。17. Do you mind Jane _______________(leave) alone at home?18. She never dreamed of there________(be) a chance for her to go abroad for further studies.【答案与解析】17. being left。leave sb alone把某人单独留下；do you mind doing…?是固定句型。故答案是being left。18. being。dream of doing梦想做某事；there being…这里作介词宾语。故答案是being。考点清单四：动名词作表语和定语要点精讲：动名词作表语时主语通常是对等的关系，主语、表语可互换位置。动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。Your task is cleaning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your task. What I hate most is being laughed at. = Being laughed at is what I hate most.a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking a washing machine=a machine for washing考点清单五：动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式 （以动词find为例）内容主动语态被动语态否定式一般式findingbeing foundnot finding完成式having foundhaving been foundnot having found【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。19. They insisted on _____________(give) another chance to try.20. __________________ (injure) in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.21. ---They are quiet, aren’t they? ---Yes. They are accustomed to ______________(talk) at meals. 【答案与解析】19. being given。insist on doing表示“坚持做某事”，结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是being given。20. Being injured。首先语境需要动名词短语作主语；be injured in…是固定词组。故答案是Being injured。21. not taking。be used/accustomed to习惯于；结合语境应用否定形式。故答案是not taking。 好题再练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。1. (2021全国甲) After ____________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!2. (2021全国乙) Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of ____________ (visit) the place. 3. (2020新高考) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ____________(walk)through a rainforest.4. (2019全国I) Scientists have responded by ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.5. (2019全国II) A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ____________ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.6. (2018天津改编) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it.7. (2018全国I) You don’t have to run fast or for long to see the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ____________ (die) early by running. 8. (2018全国I) My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 改错9. (2018全国II) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.10. (2018浙江) I still remember _________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked   when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.1. spending 2. visiting 3. walking 4. noting 5. being 6. to eat; trying 7. dying 8. sell改为selling 9. looking 10. visiting好题再练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11. ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---________(lose) her new bicycle. 12. There is no _________(deny) that John is the smartest student in our class.13. Don’t forget _______________(post) the letter for me when you pass by the post office.14. Attention must be paid to _______________(develop) the education in the west. 15. I feel like __________(take) a long walk. Would you like _________(go) with me?16. I’m considering _______(buy) an iPad, which is considered ___________(be) a useful tool.  17. He thinks the film is worth____________ again but I think it isn’t worthy ________________(see).18. She used to ____________(be) shy but now she is used to ___________(speak) bravely in public.19. I don’t allow ___________ (smoke) here and I don’t allow my family____________ (smoke) at all. 20. China has taken steps to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______________ (attack) in the South China Sea. 11. Losing 12.denying 13. to post 14. developing 15. taking; to go 16. buying; to buy 17. seeing; to be seen 18. be; speaking 19. smoking; to smoke 20. being attacked 好题再练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21. The heavy rain prevented us go camping on Saturday. 22. She reached the top of the hill and stopped rest on a big rock. 23. How about the two of us take a walk down the garden?24. I’ll never forget be left in a lonely house when I was small.25. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term rest.26. The president attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. 27. I still remember taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.28. Jim coming late again this morning made his head teacher very angry.29. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without recognized.30. Understand your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.21. go改为going 22. rest前加to 23. take改为taking 24. be改为being 25. rest改为resting 26. president改为president’s 27. taken前加being 28. Jim改为Jim’s 29. without后加being 30. Understand改为Understanding