黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
The management and staff are happy to welcome you and will do all they can to make your stay an enjoyable one.
MEAL TIMES
Our overnight charge includes a continental-type breakfast.
Breakfast: 7:30-9:30 a. m.
Lunch: 12:00-2:00 p. m.
Afternoon tea: 4:00-5:30 p. m.
Dinner: 7:00-9:15 p. m.
Meals can be served in rooms at a small extra charge. We regret that meals cannot be served outside these times.
Light refreshments including tea, coffee, biscuits and sandwiches, can be served in rooms between 10:00 a. m. and 11:00 p. m. except during the meal times listed above. Cold drinks are available in the room refrigerator.
ROOM CLEANING
Please hang the appropriate sign on your door handle if you do not wish to be disturbed. It will be easier for the maids if you can leave the room temporarily at any time between 9 : 30 a. m. and 4 : 00 p.m.
VALUABLES
We are not responsible for the loss of money, jewellery, or other valuables unless they are kept in the safe and signed for by the manager.
DEPARTURES
Please inform receptionists of your intended leaving before 9:30 a. m. of the day concerned and leave the room by noon to allow for its preparation for incoming guests. If circumstances (情况) require, luggage can be left in the charge of the hall porter.
A SPECIAL REQUEST
We would respectfully suggest that in consideration of the comfort of other guests, the volume of radios and televisions should be turned down after 11:00 p. m.
1．Meals can be served _______.
A．in rooms at 9:00 p. m.
B．in the dining-room at 6:00 p. m.
C．outside the room at 3:00 p. m.
D．in the dining-room from 7:30 a. m. to 9:15 p. m.
2．Where is this notice most likely to be found?
A．In hotels. B．In shops.
C．At restaurants. D．In the newspapers.
3．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．You should respect the other guests.
B．You are not allowed to use radios and televisions.
C．You shouldn’t make the radios and televisions too loud after 11:00 p.m.
D．To comfort others, you should turn off radios and televisions after 11:00 p.m.

As I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in worse condition.
I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud. The "worst road in the country" changed my bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally, I was claimed by the road. Tired. Alone.
As I wiped (擦) the mud from my face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but if he understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: "Their parents tell them while people steal and eat them. Funny, no?"
I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.
4．What was in the author's mind when he was in the mud?
A．He considered his experience a special pleasure.
B．He made up his mind to continue challenging himself.
C．He tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.
D．He regretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.
5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The author chose another road.
B．The author decided to ask for help.
C．The author lay on the road for a rest.
D．The author had no confidence to ride on.
6．How did the Malagasy man help the author?
A．By showing him the right way.
B．By wiping the mud from his bike.
C．By riding in front of him all the way.
D．By teaching him how to ride in the mud.
7．What's the best title for the text?
A．A lonely trip
B．A bicycle race
C．A lesson in cycling
D．A road in Madagascar

For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
8. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “______”.
A．digest the meal easily B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat D．eat whatever is offered
9．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?
A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C．They could walk at an average speed.
D．They had slow metabolic rates.
10．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?
A．They successfully lost weight. B．They consumed a bit more calories.
C．They burned more fat on average. D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
11．What could be learned from the research?
A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14．Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck

二、七选五
New restaurants, galleries, temples and new architecture…These places are homes for people like us who live and work there. How would you want visitors to behave in your own home? Think about it.16．There are many ways of doing this without sacrificing our own holiday.
Do your homework17．Guides will help you when you get to site, but is that the best place to go? Is it popular only because the one-day tourist can see it easily or because it is really a worthwhile place to visit? You’d better check it out.
18．Don’t go to your hotels for meals. Walk around, even if in the streets closest to your hotel. Eat in local restaurants.Talk to the locals. Learn a few in the local language and use them. You will surely get a smile from the hotel staff and street sellers .
Help preserve the sites. Most of the sites you visit may be visited by millions of people a year, so care needs to be taken to allow others to enjoy them as well. Some of these monuments are so old and fragile that they are sensitive to the touch of hands or bags and shows.19．This way, you don’t encourage the use of those plastic bags that fly all over many sites.
And here’s the big one—good manners are nearly universal.20．If that doesn’t sound like you, then give the world a break and stay home.
A.Experience the place.
B.Always have a cloth bag with you .
C.Read up on the places you want to visit.
D.Try to buy something from the local stores.
E.A good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.
F.We’ve cleaned up after ourselves and taken only good memories.
G.If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.

三、完形填空
Meeting your family's nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today's busy lifestyle. But it doesn't have to 21 . Even a new emphasis 22 more fruit and vegetables doesn't necessarily mean more preparation time if you 23 the convenience of canned food.
When you open a 24 of fruit or vegetables at home you have fresh packed nutritional produce at hand, with no man-made ingredients and no preservatives. And all the work has been 25 for you: the slicing, the peeling, even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables leave you the 26 to be creative. And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days, you can serve different combinations, create new dishes, and 27 new tastes to old recipes. Canned foods are good as well. A United States Department of Agriculture and National Nutritional Foods Association co-sponsored study shows canned vegetables to be just as 28 as fresh or frozen. Because canned vegetables are 29 within hours of being packed, they generally retain 70 to 90 percent of their nutrients.
Fruit and vegetables canning is as 30 as your grandmother "stores up" tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh produce is taken from the field at just the right time, 31 to the cannery, checked, washed, sealed, and sterilized. All this generally 32 in less than 24 hours to 33 the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.
Use the liquids that vegetables are 34 in as a substitute for water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition.
Most major brands of canned fruit and vegetables include nutritional 35 and ingredient statements on their labels. This is especially important to those on calorie-conscious or restricted diets.
21．A．do B．seem C．be D．need
22．A．to B．on C．about D．over
23．A．pay attention to B．get hold of
C．take advantage of D．have faith in
24．A．bowl B．can C．bottle D．box
25．A．done B．prepared C．designed D．arranged
26．A．demand B．time C．patience D．place
27．A．increase B．decrease C．put D．add
28．A．colorful B．bad C．good D．eco-friendly
29．A．cooked B．fried C．processed D．boiled
30．A．simple B．complex C．quick D．convenient
31．A．carried B．delivered C．brought D．presented
32．A．comes B．goes C．happens D．takes
33．A．ensure B．remain C．promote D．produce
34．A．put B．stored C．canned D．buried
35．A．element B．content C．detail D．percentage

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exercise is one of the most important 36． (part) of keeping your body at a healthy weight. We also know that 37．(stay) fit and healthy is very vital. Exercise can help prevent weight gain. If you can’t afford 38．(pay) the gym a visit every day, don’t worry — just become active throughout the day.
When you exercise 39．(regular), you are in better chances of improving your mood. It can also increase your confidence. Besides, it will better your appearance, 40． means your body will be in good shape. Regular exercise is also good 41． physical fitness and good health. Apart from weight control, exercise can also delay your aging process.
If you don’t exercise, your muscles (肌肉)42．(become) very weak. Also, your heart and lungs might not function as well and you are more likely to get 43．(injure). Inactivity is as much of a health risk as smoking.
Make sure that an exercise plan 44．(make), so you can know when and what you should do. However, don’t over-exercise yourself 45． doing too much exercise on a daily basis will have harmful results.

五、其他应用文
46．当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Shall we watch films or read the original works?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：
1.看电影：省时、易懂；
2.读原著：细节更多、语言优美；
3.你的看法及理由。
注意：
1写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shall we watch films or read the original works?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.”
They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief? This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.”
Paragraph 1:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


参考答案
1．A
2．A
3．C
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。介绍一家酒店的规章制度，包括三餐和茶点的时间安排、房间的清洁安排、贵重物品的规定、退房制度以及特殊要求的说明。
1．
细节理解题。由MEAL TIMES部分的“Dinner: 7:00-9:15 p. m.（晚餐：晚上7——9：15）”和“Meals can be served in rooms at a small extra charge. We regret that meals cannot be served outside these times.（可以在房间里提供餐食，但要付一点额外费用。很遗憾，这些时间外不能用餐）”可知，晚上九点饭菜可以送到房间。故选A。
2．
推理判断题。根据第一段“The management and staff are happy to welcome you and will do all they can to make your stay an enjoyable one.”可知，提到管理和工作人员很高兴欢迎您，并将尽一切努力使您的入住愉快。结合接下来的小标题推断，这显然是旅馆中的规章制度，因此推断这则通知会出现在旅馆里。故选A。
3．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We would respectfully suggest that in consideration of the comfort of other guests, the volume of radios and televisions should be turned down after 11:00 p. m.（考虑到其他客人的舒适度，我们建议在晚上11点以后将收音机和电视的音量调低）”可知，晚上11点以后你不应该把收音机和电视开得太大声。故选C。
【点睛】



4．D
5．D
6．C
7．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者在非洲马达加斯加骑行遇到困难的时候，一位当地人激励自己继续骑行。
4．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in worse condition.”（我被困在泥里，自行车压在我身上，我想知道是什么迫使我来到这里。马达加斯加不是一个骑自行车度假的好地方:作为世界上最贫穷的国家之一，只有11%的道路铺平了。在我出发的Antalaha镇南部，道路状况更糟。）可知，作者来到这里骑行发现路况很差，这让他后悔不已。故选D项。
5．
词义猜测题。根据第二段“I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud.”（我在荒野中待了一个星期，到达了国家5号公路的起点Maroantsetra，但是我的梦想平坦的道路和速度突然被泥毁了。）以及设问处后的“Tired. Alone.”（累了。孤独）可知，泥泞的道路使作者疲惫不堪，让他失去了继续骑行的信心。故选D项。
6．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.”（我想问他为什么，但他已经出发了。我想追上他。当我走近他时，他把这当作一种挑战，加快了速度。我们沿着公路赛跑。我骑得快了一点，就在他后面，快要赶上他了。他笑了笑，加速离开了，留下我喘不过气来。）可知，那个马达加斯加男人一直在作者前面骑行来鼓励他。故选C项。
7．
主旨大意题。文章讲述作者在马达加斯加骑行遇到困难时，一位当地人用自己的方式---一直骑行在作者前面来激励着作者继续前进。因此作者从中受益匪浅。故选C项。

8．B
9．A
10．B
11．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
8．
词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。
10．
细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
11．
推理判断题。根据最后一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。

12．A
13．D
14．A
15．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
12．
推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
15．
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。

16．G
17．C
18．A
19．B
20．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要给我们介绍旅游中怎样做一个有素质的游客。
16．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲你希望访客在你自己的家里表现如何，下句讲在不牺牲我们自己的假期的情况下，有很多方法可以做到这一点。，空白处应把两句连接起来。G项If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.如果我们是好的游客，无论我们去哪里，我们都会因为我们的访问而使举止端庄。符合语境。make it a little better对应doing this 。故选G.
17．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲选择旅游地点的重要性，要提前选好。C项Read up on the places you want to visit.讲要仔细研读你想去的地方。符合语境。homework对应选项中的 places 。故选C.
18．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲达到旅游地后要做的事，如选旅馆、饭店等。本空要求选标题，A项Experience the place.“体验这个地方”符合题意，起统领作用。故选A.
19．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。下句讲不鼓励用塑料袋，B项Always have a cloth bag with you “随身带一个布袋。”符合语境。 have a cloth bag与下文的plastic bags是对比关系。故选B.
20．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲一个普遍的重要的礼貌问题，E项good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.好的游客是有礼貌的，积极的和对生态敏感的。选项具体说明游客的综合素养。good manners 呼应A good tourist。故选E。

21．C
22．B
23．C
24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．C
30．A
31．B
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了罐头食品的便利和优势。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它不一定很难。A. do做；B. seem似乎；C. be成为；D. need需要。根据上文“Meeting your family's nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today's busy lifestyle”可知此处指满足家人的营养需求不一定很困难，应用be。故选C。
22．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果你能充分利用罐头食品的便利，即使强调更多的水果和蔬菜并不一定意味着更多的准备时间。A. to朝着；B. on在上面；C. about关于；D. over越过。结合上文“a new emphasis”可知表示“强调”短语为emphasis on。故选B。
23．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你充分利用罐头食品的便利，即使强调更多的水果和蔬菜并不一定意味着更多的准备时间。A. pay attention to注意；B. get hold of把握；C. take advantage of利用；D. have faith in相信。根据后文“the convenience of canned food”指利用罐头食品的便利，应用take advantage of。故选C。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你在家里打开一罐水果或蔬菜时，你手边就有新鲜包装好的营养产品，不含人工配料和防腐剂。A. bowl碗；B. can罐头；C. bottle瓶子；D. box盒子。根据后文“the slicing, the peeling, even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables”可知，打开的是一罐水果或蔬菜。故选B。
25．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的工作都已经为你做好了：切片，剥皮，甚至烹饪。A. done完成；B. prepared准备；C. designed设计；D. arranged安排。根据后文“the slicing, the peeling, even the cooking”可知罐装食品的加工工作已经都完成好了。故选A。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：罐装水果和蔬菜会给你创造的时间。A. demand需求；B. time时间；C. patience耐心；D. place地方。根据后文“And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days, you can serve different combinations”可知罐装水果和蔬菜给你的进行创造的时间。故选B。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在有了各种各样的水果和蔬菜，你可以提供不同的组合，创造新的菜肴，给旧食谱添加新的口味。A. increase增加；B. decrease减少；C. put放置；D. add添加。根据后文“new tastes to old recipes”指给旧食谱添加新的口味，应用add。故选D。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国农业部和国家营养食品协会共同发起的一项研究表明，罐装蔬菜和新鲜蔬菜或冷冻蔬菜一样好。A. colorful多彩的；B. bad坏的；C. good好的；D. eco-friendly环保的。根据后文“they generally retain 70 to 90 percent of their nutrients”可知，一项研究表明，罐装蔬菜和新鲜蔬菜或冷冻蔬菜一样好。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为罐装蔬菜在包装后几小时内就进行了加工，所以它们通常保留了70%到90%的营养成分。A. cooked烹饪；B. fried油炸；C. processed加工；D. boiled煮。根据后文“within hours of being packed”指罐装蔬菜在包装后几小时内就进行了加工，所以保留了大部分营养。故选C。
30．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水果和蔬菜罐头很简单，就像你的祖母“储存”西红柿和其他从菜园里摘来的东西一样。A. simple简单的；B. complex复杂的；C. quick快速的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“as your grandmother "stores up" tomatoes and other things from the garden”指水果和蔬菜罐头很简单，就像你的祖母“储存”西红柿和其他从菜园里摘来的东西一样。故选A。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新鲜的农产品在合适的时间从地里取出，送到罐头厂，检查、清洗、密封和消毒。A. carried搬运；B. delivered递送；C. brought带来；D. presented展示。根据后文“to the cannery, checked, washed, sealed, and sterilized”指把农产品送到罐头厂进行加工。故选B。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切通常发生在24小时内，以确保最好的质量和营养价值，而不需要任何防腐剂。A. comes来；B. goes离开；C. happens发生；D. takes带走。根据后文“in less than 24 hours to”可知这一切程序都是在24小时内发生的。故选C。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切通常发生在24小时内，以确保最好的质量和营养价值，而不需要任何防腐剂。A. ensure确保；B. remain保持；C. promote提升；D. produce产生。根据后文“the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.”可知，加工间隔时间短是为了确保最好的质量和营养价值，而不需要任何防腐剂。故选A。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在食谱中，使用罐装蔬菜作为水的替代品，以获得最后一滴好的营养。A. put放置；B. stored储存；C. canned罐装；D. buried埋葬。根据上文可知，文章整体都是在讲罐装蔬菜的优势，所以这里指使用罐装蔬菜作为水的替代品，以获得最后一滴好的营养。故选C。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数主要品牌的罐装水果和蔬菜都在标签上注明营养成分和成分说明。A. element元素；B. content所含物，成分；C. detail细节；D. percentage百分比。根据后文“and ingredient statements on their labels”指罐装水果和蔬菜都在标签上注明营养成分和成分说明。故选B。

36．parts
37．staying
38．to pay
39．regularly
40．which
41．for
42．will become
43．injured
44．is made
45．because
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动的积极作用以及重要性。
36．
考查名词的数。句意：运动是保持你身体在健康体重的最重要的部分之一。此处为“one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”。故填parts。
37．
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们也知道保持健康是非常重要的。宾语从句中缺少主语，故stay应用动名词形式作主语。故填staying。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你负担不起每天去健身房的费用，别担心——只要整天保持活跃就行了。结合句意表示“负担得起做某事”可知短语为afford to do sth.。故填to pay。
39．
考查副词。句意：当你有规律地锻炼时，你就有更好的机会改善你的心情。修饰动词exercise，用副词regularly。故填regularly。
40．
考查定语从句。句意：此外，它会使你的外表更好，这意味着你的身体将处于良好的状态。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句内容，从句中缺少主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用which引导该从句。故填which。
41．
考查介词。句意：经常锻炼对身体健康也有好处。结合句意表示“对……有好处”短语为be good for。故填for。
42．
考查时态。句意：如果你不锻炼，你的肌肉会变得很虚弱。if引导的条件状语从句，适用“主将从现”原则，主句表示将来的动作应用一般将来时。故填will become。
43．
考查固定短语。句意：此外，你的心脏和肺的功能可能不太好，你更有可能受伤。结合句意表示“受伤”可知短语为get injured。故填injured。
44．
考查时态语态。句意：确保制定了锻炼计划，这样你就能知道什么时候该做什么。主语与谓语构成被动关系，描述一个客观的事实故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为an exercise plan，谓语动词用单数。故填is made。
45．
考查状语从句。句意：然而，不要过度锻炼自己，因为每天做太多的运动会有有害的结果。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。
46．Shall we watch films or read the original works?
Shall we watch films or read the original works? Views are divided.
Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the original work. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
Others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.
Personally, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a place of my own. What's more, I am able to have a better understanding of the author's ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是一篇议论文。文章要求考生就“应该看电影还是阅读原著”发表自己的观点。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：议论文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.看电影：省时、易懂；
2.读原著：细节更多、语言优美；
3.你的看法及理由。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
Some…Others…；more lively and beautiful；agree with；stay at home；of my own；what's more；be able to；have a better understanding of；in a word；base on
第三步：连词成句
1.Shall we watch films or read the original works?
2.Views are divided.
3.Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the original work.
4.The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story.
5.The film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
6.Others have just the opposite opinion.
7.They think that they can get more detailed information from the original.
8.Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.
9.Personally, I agree with the second view.
10.Actually I have more reasons for it.
11.I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a place of my own.
12.I am able to have a better understanding of the author's ideas.
13.To read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：In a word
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Meanwhile
3.表转折对比关系：Some…, Others…
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story.（that引导表语从句）
[高分句型2]
They think that they can get more detailed information from the original.（that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3]
I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a place of my own.（reading为现在分词作状语）
47．Paragraph 1:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. The porter replied, “Madam, please calm down. I’m not a thief. That poor old man was sick since last month. He couldn’t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day. Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’ Madam, he was poor and hungry, but he was an honest man. I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home.”
Paragraph 2:
Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, and the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes. Suddenly she rushed to the market. Half an hour later, the wife came back with some food in her hand. She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves. At last, the porter took the goods to their house, and the rich couple changed their attitude to the man like the porter.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】
通过阅读所给文章可知，一对富人夫妇为了准备新年聚会去市场不惜高价买了许多物品，然后雇佣了一个搬运工把这些物品运回家。搬运工是一个年老体弱生活拮据的人，他要价$20低于市场价，而富人夫妇讨价还价后只给$15。富人夫妇高兴地回家等着老人把物品送来，却迟迟不见老人的身影。妻子认为上了老人的当，一定老人把他们的物品卖掉了。回去找老人时却发现他们的物品在另外一个搬运工的车上。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当搬运工听到生气的妻子问题时……，所以应该写他讲述的实情，老人病了又吃不上饭，这次摔倒了，他把$15给了这个搬运工，请求他把物品送到富人家。第二段开头是：丈夫听了，眼里含着泪水，……。下文应该写富人夫妇被老人感动，行动和态度都发生了改变。
最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：calm down, taken an advance, Upon hearing, felt ashamed, changed their attitude等高级词汇；Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’和She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves.运用了非谓语动词；the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes.运用了so……that句型。等高级句式。