湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题

这是一份湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题，共30页。试卷主要包含了短对话，长对话，短文，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

湖北省荆州中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________


一、短对话
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．In a classroom.
2．How does the woman feel now?
A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Tired.
3．How much will the man pay?
A．$20. B．$80. C．$100.
4．What does the man tell Jane to do?
A．Put off his appointment. B．Meet Mr. Douglas. C．Return at 3 o’clock.
5．Why would David quit his job?
A．To go back to school. B．To start his own firm. C．To work for his friend.

二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the man want the woman to do?
A．Check the cupboard. B．Clean the balcony. C．Buy an umbrella.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife.
B．Employer and employee.
C．Shop assistant and customer.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where did the woman go at the weekend?
A．The city centre. B．The forest park. C．The man’s home.
9．How did the man spend his weekend?
A．Packing for a move.
B．Going out with Jenny.
C．Looking for a new house.
10．What will the woman do for the man?
A．Take Henry to hospital. B．Stay with his kid. C．Look after his pet.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is Mr. Stone doing now?
A．Eating lunch. B．Having a meeting. C．Writing a diary.
12．Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?
A．To discuss a program. B．To make a travel plan. C．To ask for sick leave.
13．When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?
A．At 3:00. B．At 3:30. C．At 3:45.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A company. B．An interview. C．A job offer.
15．Who is Monica Stansfield?
A．A junior specialist. B．A department manager. C．A sales assistant.
16．When will the man hear from the woman?
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.


三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?
A．Touring France. B．Playing outdoors. C．Painting pictures.
18．What did John do after he moved to the US?
A．He did business. B．He studied biology. C．He worked on a farm.
19．Why did John go hunting?
A．For food. B．For pleasure. C．For money.
20．What is the subject of John’s works?
A．American birds. B．Natural scenery. C．Family life.


四、阅读理解
There are many options for free video conferencing (会议) apps. Here’s our short list of the best ones, where they shine and where they fall short.
Google Hangouts
The free video chat app from Google is a great example of a consumer-grade app. It integrates with Gmail and Google Calendar, making it easier for users to operate.
Up to 10 participants can join the live conference with a plug-in application. And as it doesn’t support dual stream video and content, some users complain that the video is not clear or reliable.
Skype
The app, developed by Microsoft, gives 10 users access to a conference. It’s worth noting that Microsoft is integrated with Skype.
A plug-in application is required. Advanced features are fascinating, but only available for paid subscription.
Zoom
The free video conferencing solution from Zoom provides a service for group video calls with over 100 participants. The Zoom Basic plan allows users to have 40-minute calls with a handful of features like screen sharing, local recording and camera filters.
A plug-in application is necessary. All calls, which are limited to 40 minutes or less, are secured.
Lifesize
Lifesize has been in the video conferencing industry for long. By setting up a free account with Lifesize, you can quickly start a free video call with up to 25 participants. It is web-based and doesn’t require downloads or an application on your devices. Guests can join the live call right from the website by clicking on your personal meeting ID link.
To use the additional features like 300-way calling, Microsoft integrations and 4K video conference room systems requires a paid subscription.
21．Which aspect of Google Hangouts is not satisfactory?
A．User capacity.
B．Video quality.
C．User-friendliness.
D．Technical support.
22．Which app offers a ten-minute conference service with 30 people for free?
A．Google Hangouts. B．Skype. C．Zoom. D．Lifesize.
23．What is special about Lifesize?
A．It integrates with Microsoft.
B．It is completely free of charge.
C．There is no time limit to its conferences.
D．No application is needed for participants.

This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it’s true!

71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn’t leave.
“He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like it’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.”
Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”
However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazil’s beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro’s State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.
Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets.
Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.”
24．Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to ______.
A．avoid being killed B．meet his rescuer
C．escape from ocean currents D．find much more fish
25．When Din was found in 2011 ______.
A．he was dying B．he was running on the beach
C．he was resting on a rock D．he was cleaning oil off his feathers
26．What can we learn about Joao from the passage?
A．He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.
B．He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.
C．His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.
D．His kindness wins the penguin’s trust.
27．The story in the passage mainly shows ______.
A．the environmental impact on wildlife
B．the love between humans and wildlife
C．the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans
D．the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind

Guests arriving at the Aloft Hotel in Manhattan or one in Silicon Valley will soon be able to do something hotels have dreamed about offering for years: walk past the check-in desk and enter their rooms by using a smartphone as a room key. The boutique hotel brand from Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels before the end of the quarter.
Starwood officials are hoping this will be one of the biggest technological changes in the industry since free Wi-Fi. “We believe this will become the new standard for how people will want to enter a hotel.” says Frits van Passchen, Starwood’s CEO.
Not everyone is so sure. Past attempts to use technology to streamline the check-in process have had mixed results. Robert Habeeb, president of the First Hospitality Group, says he pulled out check-in desks at two of his Holiday Inn hotels after finding that most guests ignored them. He found that many travelers will talk with a staff member and ensure their room has the right view or location, or to try for an upgrade. Other guests may still want to be greeted when they arrive.
Hotels have never been known for being in the forefront of technology, partly because many hotels are owned and managed by small companies. Many hotel operators, though, have been searching for ways to remove the bottlenecks (瓶颈) at a hotel’s front desk. “Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago,” says Christopher Nassetta, CEO for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc. “It’s something we are seriously addressing.”
Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. An effort several years ago to allow guests to enter rooms with the magnetic strip (磁条) on their credit cards never became popular. Guests worried about security and were unwilling to give their kids credit cards instead of room keys.
28．According to the first two paragraphs, which of the following is NOT true?
A．The new room key may become a new standard of choosing a hotel.
B．Hotel officials hope the new room key will be a great change in hotel industry.
C．Aloft of Hotel in Manhattan will allow guests to use a smartphone as a room key.
D．All Starwood Hotels plan to offer the new room key before the end of the quarter.
29．The underlined word “streamline” in Para. 3 is closest in meaning to _____________.
A．unify B．identify C．simplify D．beautify
30．Christopher Nassetta would most likely agree that _____________.
A．it’s a good idea to cancel check-in
B．the way of check-in needs to be changed
C．the management of hotel needs to be improved
D．it depends on the hotel operators to update technology
31．From the text we can see that the writer thinks the future of the new room key is __________.
A．secure B．negative C．bright D．uncertain

Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. It's hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121,000 particles each year.
Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body, as well as their impact on human health.
Hoping to fill in some of these gaps, a research team led by Kieran Cox, a PhD candidate at the University of Victoria, looked at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, among which are seafood, sugars, salts, honey, alcohol and water. The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation （吸入）using previously reported data on microplastic concentrations in the air and the Environmental Protection Agency's reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39,000 to 52,000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken into account, the range jumps to between 74,000 and 121,000 particles per year.
The authors of the study found that people who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90,000 microplastics each year, compared to 4,000 among those who only consume tap water. "This shows that small decisions, over the course of a year, really matter and have an impact." Cox says. The new study, according to its authors, was the first to investigate "the accumulative human exposure" to microplastics. But in all likelihood, the research tells only a small part of the entire story. Collectively, the food and drink that the researchers analyzed represent 15 percent of Americans' caloric intake. The team could not account for food groups like fruits, vegetables and grains because there simply is not enough data on their microplastic content.
For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting down bottled water is a good place to start. But to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing and using so much plastic.
32．What makes it difficult to know microplastics commonly exist in the human body?
A．The quality. B．The quantity.
C．The shape. D．The size.
33．How did Kieran Cox's team calculate the potential consumption of microplastics?
A．By studying papers. B．By comparing the impacts.
C．By analyzing the data. D．By conducting experiments.
34．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．Drinking less plastic bottled water helps to take in fewer microplastics.
B．The study is among the earliest to investigate human exposure to microplastics.
C．Cox's team gained comprehensive information of microplastics taken in by humans.
D．People consume 74,000 to 121,000 particles of microplastics per year from food and drink.
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Potential Problems of Microplastics
B．Microplastics Coming From Various Sources
C．Microplastics Found Within Human Bodies
D．The Impact of Microplastics on Human Health


五、七选五
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36．Here’s how to make one.
●37． In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38． That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39．
●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40． If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A．Find the right motivation.
B．Get a sleep specialist.
C．Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
D．And consider setting a second alarm.
E. A better plan for sleep can help.
F. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.


六、完形填空
This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently 41 the shop.
So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how 42 I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had 43 you the last time.”
He smiled. Before starting the 44 , he added, “What if I keep it long?”
I 45 he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can’t 46 what would happen to your shop then!”
The moment I said itthe assistant 47 from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh?”
I admit I was too 48 at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an 49 look.
From that day on, I 50 stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works. It is one of the most 51 incidents in my life, which taught me to 52 the profession and works of a person, no matter how 53 they are.
I’m 54 that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a 55 .
41．A．joined B．opened C．left D．visited
42．A．much B．long C．often D．soon
43．A．convinced B．reminded C．promised D．instructed
44．A．chat B．journey C．experiment D．haircut
45．A．agreed B．knew C．protested D．stressed
46．A．forget B．bear C．guarantee D．explore
47．A．attacked B．laughed C．shouted D．disappeared
48．A．concerned B．proud C．frightened D．curious
49．A．anxious B．annoyed C．determined D．awkward
50．A．suddenly B．completely C．obviously D．regularly
51．A．important B．creative C．sacred D．confusing
52．A．respect B．copy C．change D．learn
53．A．tough B．small C．good D．traditional
54．A．upset B．confident C．embarrassed D．grateful
55．A．comment B．mistake C．difference D．comparison


七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems before us. These skills are 56． (extreme) important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives. What are the best ways to improve them? One way is to expand your world view though it takes time, 57． will help you better evaluate information and analyze different ideas and outcomes. Travelling is 58． great way to expand your world view, although it can be expensive.
An entertaining way to 59． (strength) your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games. These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills. These games will get you used to 60． (think) in a certain way. As a result, they will help improve your ability to think.
Joining a debate club 61． a reading group is also a good idea. This provides people 62． the opportunity to come together and discuss ideas, literature and problems. Groups like these will help you refine your analytical skills and enable you 63． (express) yourself better. Any social group that 64． (encourage) free exchange of ideas and pursuit of knowledge is 65． (benefit). It helps you to actively develop your analytical skills.


八、其他应用文
66．假定你是李华，学校英语俱乐部正在举行“用英语讲中国书法”演讲比赛，作为学生会长请写一则通知。
内容包括：1. 书法的意义；2. 比赛的时间地点。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九、读后续写
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When I was a child, I lived in a house with a beautiful garden full of all kinds of flowers, and roses were the most beautiful of them. There was nothing I enjoyed more than sitting in the garden with my mother, who read stories to me. When I was in primary school and old enough to read, I enjoyed reading stories aloud to her.
I will never forget one day when I was in the third grade. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed my lines so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator(叙述者)’ s part to the play, and asked me to change my role. Her word, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.
I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home after school that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was May and roses were blossoming and, under the trees, we could also see yellow dandelions(蒲公英) in the grass, as if a painter had painted our garden with red, yellow and green. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, we'll have only roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions.”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower is beautiful in its own way, isn't it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Realizing that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled reassuringly.
Paragraph 1:
“But you can make a good narrator,” she said.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
After the play, I took home the dandelion.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


参考答案
1．B
【原文】
W: Excuse me, how can I find the book called The Class of 1998?
M: Oh. I’m afraid it was sold out.
W: It’s all right. Thank you!
2．C
【原文】
M: How did your dancing lesson go today?
W: Exciting! But it was hard work. I really need a rest now.
M: Yeah, I can see that. Go and get relaxed.
3．B
【原文】
M: How much is that in total?
W: $100. But if you have a membership card, I can give you a 20% discount.
M: Great, this is my membership card.
4．A
【原文】
M: Jane, I’m going out for a while.
W: But you have an appointment with Mr. Douglas at 3 o’clock.
M: Well, please make it another day.
5．C
【原文】
W: David said he would quit his job at our school.
M: Really? Why would he do that?
W: His friend started a firm in London. She wanted David to help her.

6．C
7．A
【原文】
W: I’m going out for shopping. Do you need anything?
M: Oh, yeah. I can’t find my umbrella. Can you buy one?
W: Shouldn’t it be in the cupboard?
M: I just checked. It wasn’t there.
W: Impossible. That was where I usually put it. Did you check the balcony?
M: Yes, of course, couldn’t find it. Well, just get a new one then.

8．B
9．A
10．C
【原文】
M: Hi, Lucy. How was your weekend?
W: Great! You know, we went mountain climbing in the forest park. The air was so different from the city, cool and fresh.
M: Sounds great!
W: Yeah, there wasn’t a cloud in the sky and we could see from miles from the top. What about you? What did you do?
M: Busy packing.
W: Oh, yes, of course! I forgot you and Jenny are moving into a new house. It’s on Wednesday, isn’t it?
M: Yeah, two days after. I didn't realize there are so many things to do.
W: Can I help out with anything?
M: Um, it would be nice if you could take care of Henry for a couple of days.
W: Henry?
M: Yes, my dog.
W: Oh, sure, no problem. You just focus on the move.

11．B
12．A
13．C
【原文】
M: Hello, can I speak to Mr. Stone, please?
W: Hello, but I’m afraid Mr. Stone is in a meeting until lunchtime. Can I take a message?
M: Well, yes. I’d like to make an appointment to see him. It’s Harrison White here.
W: Just a second, Mr. White. I’ll look in the diary. So... when is convenient for you?
M: Sometime today, if possible. I hear he’ll be away tomorrow.
W: Yes, that’s right. He’ll be on a business trip for a week.
M: I need to talk about my new program with him before he leaves. It’s urgent. So would this afternoon be OK?
W: Let me see... OK. Mr. Stone is free this afternoon after 3:00.
M: Well, 3:00 is a bit difficult. But I could make it after 3:30.
W: So... shall we say a quarter to four this afternoon in Mr. Stone’s office?
M: That’s great. Thanks.

14．C
15．B
16．A
【原文】
W: Hello?
M: Hi, Cindy. This is Jake Lee at Fix-it Corporation. How are you today?
W: Oh, hi Jake. I'm fine. How are you?
M: Good. The reason I'm calling is that we’d like to offer you the position you were interviewed for last Thursday.
W: Oh, that’s great! I was really impressed with Fix-it.
M: I’m glad to hear it. And we'll prepare to offer you a starting salary of $55,000.
W: I see. And..…vacation time?
M: Oh, you get one day per month in your first year. That is you’ll have 12 days in your first year, and then increase if you stay longer with the company.
W: What would be my job title?
M: You’d be a junior specialist. And you’d be working under Monica Stansfield, the department manager.
W: OK... Is the salary negotiable at all?
M: Well, this is typical for new staff.
W: I see...
M: Why don’t you think about it? I’ll need to hear back from you by Wednesday. Will that work?
W: Sure, no problem. I'll let you know Tuesday afternoon.

17．C
18．A
19．B
20．A
【原文】
M: Hello, everybody. Today I’d like to share with you something about John Audubon. John was born on April 26th, 1785. He spent much of his childhood in France where he spent many hours each day outdoors painting pictures. At the age of 18, he moved to the United States. Well, actually, John began his life in the US as a businessman. However, instead of taking care of his business, John was often off exploring nature. At first, John spent his time hunting for fun. Then he found that the animals around were very beautiful, and he particularly enjoyed observing the birds he saw. He began studying them, trying to learn the differences between the birds and noticing their different behaviors. Therefore, he painted the birds he observed a lot. In 1819, John realized that he didn’t have enough money to pay his bills. He was very upset that he couldn't earn enough money to support his family. So he spent time improving his painting skills and began to sell his paintings. He discovered that he could earn some money while doing something he really enjoyed. We are lucky now to have so many paintings of American birds by John Audubon.

21．B
22．C
23．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章详细说明了三款最好用的会议软件的优势和不足。
【详解】
1.细节理解题。根据Google Hangouts部分第二段最后一句“And as it doesn’t support dual stream video and content, some users complain that the video is not clear or reliable.”（由于不支持双流视频和内容，一些用户抱怨视频不清晰或不可靠。）可知，Google Hangouts不令人满意的方面是视频质量。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据Zoom部分第一段第一句“The free video conferencing solution from Zoom provides a service for group video calls with over 100 participants. ”（Zoom提供的免费视频会议解决方案提供100人以上的群组视频通话服务。）可知，Zoom可以免费提供100人以上的群组视频通话服务，根据第二句“The Zoom Basic plan allows users to have 40-minute calls with a handful of features like screen sharing, local recording and camera filters.”（Zoom Basic计划允许用户拨打40分钟的电话，并提供一些功能，如屏幕共享、本地录音和相机滤镜。）可知，Zoom应用程序提供30人免费的10分钟会议服务。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据Lifesize部分“ It is web-based and doesn’t require downloads or an application on your devices. ”它是基于网络的，不需要在你的设备上下载或安装应用程序。根据Google Hangouts中的“ with a plug-in application”安装应用程序。根据Skype“A plug-in application is required. ”安装应用程序。根据Zoom“ A plug-in application is necessary.”安装应用程序。由此可知，Lifesize特别之处在于申请者无需安装应用程序。故选D。

24．B
25．A
26．D
27．B
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。报道了南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅丁每年都要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩和它的救命恩人团聚。同时，专家也表示担忧气候和海洋漏油污染给海洋动物带来的危害。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. 这只南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅每年都要游5000英里，游到巴西的一个海滩，为了和救了它命的人团聚。可知，每年丁都要长途游泳到巴西的海滩是为了去见他的救命恩人。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength.这只企鹅浑身是油，很快就没命了。若昂救了这只企鹅，给它取名为丁，清理掉它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼来恢复体力。可知，2011年当Din被发现时，他已经奄奄一息了。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I love the penguin like it’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” “我爱这只企鹅就像爱自己的孩子一样，我相信这只企鹅也爱我，”若昂告诉环球电视台。“他不许别人碰他。如果他们这样做了，他就会啄他们。他躺在我的腿上，让我给他洗澡，让我喂他。”可知，若昂的善良赢得了这只企鹅的信任。故选D项。
27．主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段中This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. 这只南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅每年都要游5000英里，游到巴西的一个海滩，为了和救了它命的人团聚。以及最后一段中But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness. 但在这件事上，由于乔的好意，当局允许丁和他呆在一起。可知，本文主要是讲述了若昂和企鹅丁之间相处的故事，体现了人类和野生动物之间的爱。故选B项。

28．D
29．C
30．B
31．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述对新式酒店房间钥匙的构想及态度。
28．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels before the end of the quarter.”（Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc.计划本季度末在2家酒店提供这个特色服务。）可知，Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc.将在2家酒店提供这个特色服务，并不是所有酒店，故选D项。
29．
词义猜测题。根据第三段“the check-in process have had mixed results”（登记入住的过程导致复杂的结果。）可知，登记入住的过程很复杂，所以需要使用技术简化入住过程，所以streamline意为“简化”，故选C项。
30．
推理判断题。根据第四段“Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago”（每个人都不得不登记入住，但是我们几乎在100年前就做同样的事情。）及“It’s something we are seriously addressing.”（这是我们需要认真对待的事情。）可知，登记入住的方式一直没有改变，所以Christopher Nassetta同意改变入住的方式，故选B项。
31．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins.”（但是我们仍然不清楚虚拟钥匙是否比之前改变传统入住方式的尝试更好。）可知，作者对将来新式房间钥匙持有不确定的态度，故选D项。

32．D
33．C
34．A
35．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body”可知，微塑料颗粒的长度在50到500微米之间，有多种来源，包括可以分解成越来越小的碎片的较大塑料，因此，关于这些物质在人体的普遍存在还有很多未知之处，由此可知，微塑料颗粒的大小让我们很难知道它们普遍存在于人体中，故D项正确。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation （吸入）using previously reported data on microplastic concentrations in the air and the Environmental Protection Agency's reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39,000 to 52,000 particles.”可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组还利用先前报告的空气中微塑性物质浓度数据和环境保护署报告的呼吸速率，评估了吸入过程中微塑料的潜在消耗量，根据这些数据，研究人员计算出，我们通过食品和饮料每年消耗的微塑料颗粒从39000到52000不等，由此可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组是通过分析数据来计算微塑料的潜在消耗量的，故C项正确。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The authors of the study found that people who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90,000 microplastics each year, compared to 4,000 among those who only consume tap water.”可知，这项研究的作者发现，那些只喝塑料瓶装水的人每年会摄入90000个微塑料颗粒，而那些只喝自来水的人每年摄入4000个微塑料颗粒，由此可知，少喝塑料瓶装水有助于减少微塑料的摄入，故A项正确。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. It's hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121,000 particles each year.”可知，微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在，在人类身上也发现这些微小的碎片并不奇怪，一项新的研究表明，美国人每年消耗的微塑料颗粒多达12.1万个，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒，故C项正确。
【点睛】
文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度在于被选选项要有高度的概括性，准确全面地概括出文章内容，因此抓住文章主题是关键，科普类说明文通常在第一段就会点明文章主题，例如本篇第4题，通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. It's hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121,000 particles each year.”可知，微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在，在人类身上也发现这些微小的碎片并不奇怪，一项新的研究表明，美国人每年消耗的微塑料颗粒多达12.1万个，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒，故C项（人体内发现的微塑料）最适合作文章标题。

36．E
37．A
38．G
39．C
40．F
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何制定睡眠计划，让我们早上更容易起床。
36．
根据空格前句“Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. (很多人发现早上很难起床，把责任推到闹钟上。事实上，早上容易醒来的关键在于重置你的生物钟)”可知，本文介绍的早上容易醒来的方法。E项意为“更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助。”能够承接上文，更好的睡眠计划能够帮助你重置生物钟，使你在早晨容易醒来，且能够引起下文，下文介绍了如何制定更好的睡眠计划。故选E。
37．
根据空格后句“In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? (为了做出改变，你需要决定为什么它很重要。你是想及时起床和家人一起吃早餐，做些运动，还是只是为了更好地准备你的一天？)”可知，本段告诉我们需要为早晨起床找到一个原因。A项意为“找到正确的动机。”能够概括段落主旨，我们应该为起床找到正确的动机，下文的“have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day”都是对“motivation”的举例。故选A。
38．
根据空格后句“That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. (如果你买了一个带计时器的咖啡机，你可以多睡一刻钟)”可知，本段介绍的是对早晨时间的具体安排。G项意为“重新考虑一下你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡的15分钟。”能够承接上文，你要思考早晨的时间安排，考虑到你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡需要15分钟，所以如果你买了一个带计时器的咖啡机，你可以多睡15分钟。故选G。
39．
根据段落主旨句“Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. (在周末保持你的睡眠/起床时间表)”可知，本段介绍的是在周末也要保持你的睡眠和起床的时间表。根据空格前句“But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. (但是最近的一项研究发现，周末的补觉实际上会在接下来的一周里加剧你的困倦)”可知，研究发现，周末的补觉会在接下来的一周里加剧你的困倦。C项意为“坚持你设定的睡觉时间和起床时间，不管是哪一天。”选项内容符合主旨，且能够承接上文，正因为补觉会加剧你的困倦，所以我们要坚持设定的睡觉时间和起床时间，不管是不是周末。故选C。
40．
根据段落主旨句“Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. (做好记录，每周评估一次)”可知，本段介绍的是要评估我们制定的睡眠计划。根据空格后句“If not, take another look at other methods you could try. (如果没有，再看看你可以尝试的其他方法)”可知，如果计划无效，我么可以再尝试其他方法。F项意为“如果你采取的措施奏效了，那就坚持下去。”选项内容符合主旨，介绍了评估的作用，且选项中的“If the steps you take are working”和下文的“If not”形成对照关系。故选F。

41．A
42．B
43．D
44．D
45．B
46．C
47．C
48．C
49．D
50．B
51．A
52．A
53．B
54．D
55．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己小时候理发时发生的一件事，自己不经意的玩笑伤害了别人。从那以后，作者学会了尊重别人的职业和工作，知道了语言对别人的影响。
41．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，和理发师在一起的还有一个助手，他最近刚加入店里。A. joined加入，成为……的一员；B. opened打开；C. left离开；D. visited参观。根据句中“an assistant”可知，这个人是理发师的助手，由此可知，他应该是加入到店里，成为理发店的一员。故选A项。
42．
考查形容词/副词词义辨析。句意：叔叔问我想要剪多长的头发。我回答说：“照我爸爸上次指导你的去做。”A. much许多的，大量的；B. long长的；C. often常常，时常；D. soon不久，很快。根据下文“What if I keep it long?”可知，理发师在询问我剪头发长短的问题，由此可知，叔叔是在问我想要剪多长的头发，“how long”用来询问“时间多久或物体多长”。故选B项。
43．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：叔叔问我想要剪多长的头发。我回答说：“照我爸爸上次指导你的去做。”A. convinced使确信；B. reminded提醒；C. promised承诺；D. instructed指示，指导。根据下文“I went to the barber shop where I always went”可知，我经常来这理发，由此可推断出，之前爸爸和我一起来时，指示过理发师要给我剪多长。故选D项。
44．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他笑了。在开始理发之前，他补充道：“如果我剪长了呢？”A. chat闲聊；B. journey旅行；C. experiment实验；D. haircut理发，发型。根据上文“So I sat for the haircut.”可知，我到这里是来理发的，由此可知，是在开始理发之前，理发师对我说了一些话。故选D项。
45．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他在开玩笑。所以我也开玩笑。我说：“我不能保证你的店会发生什么！”A. agreed同意；B. knew知道；C. protested反对；D. stressed强调。根据后文“So I joked too.”可知，我也开玩笑，由关键词“too”可知，我是“知道”理发师在和我开玩笑，所以我也和他开玩笑。故选B项。
46．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他在开玩笑。所以我也开玩笑。我说：“我不能保证你的店会发生什么！”A. forget忘记；B. bear忍受；C. guarantee保证；D. explore探索。根据后文“How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh?”可知，理发师的助手认为我的话是在威胁他们，由此可知，我说的是不能“保证”理发店会发生什么。故选C项。
47．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说的那一刻，助手从后面喊道。“你怎么敢这么说！你是谁敢来威胁我们？”A. attacked袭击；B. laughed笑；C. shouted喊；D. disappeared消失。根据句中“How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh?”可知，理发师的助手对我说的话感到生气，由此可知，他是从后面对我喊道。故选C项。
48．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认当时我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔尴尬地看了我一眼。A. concerned担心的；B. proud自豪的；C. frightened害怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“How dare do you say that! Who are you to threaten us, eh?”可知，理发师的助手对我大喊，根据文章第一句话“This happened when I was ten.”可知，我当时只有十岁，由此可知，突然的训斥会让还是小孩子的我感到害怕。故选C项。
49．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认当时我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔尴尬地看了我一眼。A. anxious焦虑的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. determined坚定的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文可知，我和理发师叔叔彼此熟悉，在互相开玩笑，而助手不知道，以为我是在威胁他们，所以对我大喊，而且我的玩笑确实有些过分，由此可知，看到发生的一切，理发师是露出了尴尬的表情。故选D项。
50．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我完全不再拿任何人的职业和工作开玩笑了。A. suddenly突然；B. completely完全地；C. obviously明显地；D. regularly有规律地。根据文章最后一段“he assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words”可知，助手的话让我重新思考我的话语的力量，由此可知，我吸取了教训，从那天起，我“完全”不再拿任何人的职业和工作开玩笑了。故选B项。
51．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我生命中最重要的事件之一，它教会我尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们多么渺小。A. important重要的；B. creative有创造力的；C. sacred神圣的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“From that day on, I _____ stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works.”可知，这件事之后，我完全不再拿任何人的职业和工作开玩笑了，由此可知，这件事给我上了重要的一课，是我生命中最重要的事件之一。故选A项。
52．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我生命中最重要的事件之一，它教会我尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们多么渺小。A. respect尊重；B. copy复制；C. change改变；D. learn学习。根据上文“From that day on, I _____ stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works.”可知，这件事后，我不再拿任何人的职业和工作开玩笑了，也就是说，这件事教会我尊重一个人的职业和工作。故选A项。
53．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我生命中最重要的事件之一，它教会我尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们多么渺小。A. tough艰苦的；B. small小的；C. good好的；D. traditional传统的。根据文章内容可知，我是对一个理发师说了过分的话，这是一个普通的职业，由此可知，这里指无论他们多么“渺小”，即使是一个普通的理发师，我们都要尊重他的职业。故选B项。
54．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激助手的反应让我重新思考我的话语的力量。语言确实能对其他人有影响。A. upset沮丧的；B. confident自信的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. grateful感激的。根据句中“made me rethink the power of my words”可知，助手的反应让我重新思考我的话语的力量，让我学会尊重别人的工作和职业，由此可知，我对它的反应是感激的。故选D项。
55．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激助手的反应让我重新思考我的话语的力量。语言确实能对其他人有影响。A. comment评论；B. mistake错误；C. difference不同；D. comparison比较。根据上文可知，我不经意的玩笑话让助手生气，让理发师尴尬，由此可知，通过这件事我知道了语言确实能对其他人有影响，“make a difference”意为“有影响”，符合句意。故选C项。

56．extremely
57．which
58．a
59．strengthen
60．thinking
61．or
62．with
63．to express
64．encourages
65．beneficial
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了分析能力的重要性以及如何提高我们的分析能力。
56．
考查副词。句意：这些技能对我们的职业、社交和理智的生活都非常重要。句中“important”意为“重要的”，形容词词性，前面应用副词修饰，extreme意为“极度的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为extremely，意为“极其，非常”，在句中作状语。故填extremely。
57．
考查定语从句。句意：一种方法是扩展你的世界观，尽管这需要时间，这将帮助你更好地评估信息，分析不同的想法和结果。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“One way”，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
58．
考查冠词。句意：旅行是一个很好的方式来扩展你的世界观，虽然它可能是昂贵的。句中泛指旅行是“一个很好的扩展你的世界观的方式”，由此可知应用不定冠词修饰“way”，表示泛指，great单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
59．
考查动词。句意：加强你的分析能力的一个有趣的方法是通过玩大脑游戏来与它们建立密切关系。句中“to _____ your analytical skills”为动词不定式作定语修饰“way”，故空格处应用动词，strength意为“力量”，名词词性，对应的动词为strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。故填strengthen。
60．
考查固定短语。句意：这些游戏会让你习惯用某种方式思考。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“get used to doing sth.”，意为“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，think意为“想，思考”，动词词性，动名词形式为thinking。故填thinking。
61．
考查连词。句意：加入一个辩论俱乐部或阅读小组也是一个好主意。根据句意可知，句中在提出建议，加入一个辩论俱乐部“或”阅读小组，“辩论俱乐部”和“阅读小组”之间应为选择关系，故应用连词or连接，意为“或者”。故填or。
62．
考查固定短语。句意：这使人们有机会聚在一起讨论想法、文学作品和问题。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“provides sb. with sth.”，意为“提供某物给某人”，句中指提供给人们聚在一起的机会，故空格处用介词with。故填with。
63．
考查固定句型。句意：这样的小组将帮助你提高分析能力，使你能够更好地表达自己。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型“enable sb. to do sth.”，意为“使某人能够做某事”，express意为“表达”，动词词性，to后接动词原形。故填to express。
64．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：任何鼓励自由交流思想和追求知识的社会团体都是有益的。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子为that引导的限制性定语从句，that代指“Any social group”，为第三人称单数形式，故空格处应用encourage的单数形式encourages，意为“鼓励”。故填encourages。
65．
考查形容词。句意：任何鼓励自由交流思想和追求知识的社会团体都是有益的。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作表语，benefit意为“益处”，名词词性，对应的形容词为beneficial，意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。
66．Notice
In order to promote our traditional culture, our English club is going to hold a speaking competition about Chinese calligraphy, which has developed along with China’s civilization. It is believed that Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty. Since then, not only has it been a beautiful art form but also a means of showing the character of the “man behind the brush”. Today, even small children can enjoy practicing the classic art of Chinese calligraphy. Anyone who is willing to take part in the contest is welcome to go to the student hall and sign up before Jan. 30th!
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生作为学生会长请写一则通知，通知同学们学校英语俱乐部正在举行“用英语讲中国书法”演讲比赛，呼吁大家积极参与。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时,少量现在完成时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 书法的意义；
2. 比赛的时间地点。
第二步:列提纲
In order to promote; be going to; date back to; take part in the contest; a means of showing the character; be welcome to; sign up;be willing to do
第三步：连词成句
1. In order to promote our traditional culture, our English club is going to hold a speaking competition about Chinese calligraphy, which has developed along with China’s civilization.
2. It is believed that Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty.
3. Since then, not only has it been a beautiful art form but also a means of showing the character of the “man behind the brush”.
4. Today, even small children can enjoy practicing the classic art of Chinese calligraphy.
5. Anyone who is willing to take part in the contest is welcome to go to the student hall and sign up before Jan. 30th!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇(供参考)
1.表并列补充关系： Not only…but (also)
2..表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] In order to promote our traditional culture, our English club is going to hold a speaking competition about Chinese calligraphy, which has developed along with China’s civilization.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Since then, not only has it been a beautiful art form but also a means of showing the character of the “man behind the brush”.（not only...but (also)引起的部分倒装）
[高分句型3] Anyone who is willing to take part in the contest is welcome to go to the student hall and sign up before Jan. 30th!(关系代词who引导的定语从句)
67．“But you can make a good narrator,”she said. It reminded me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator's part is just as important as the part of a princess.” Her wise words inspired me with courage and confidence. But on the evening of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again. My teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you,” she said, handing me a dandelion. Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
After the play, I took home the dandelion. I made it into a dried flower and put it into a glass bottle. Every time I see it, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience. I have taken part in many school plays, tried different roles and made many speeches ever since. Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now. For this, I am forever grateful to my mother, who has made me what I am today.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和她母亲之间的故事，作者在一次演出中被选中扮演公主的角色，反复不断的练习，但是由于紧张迈步就忘记台词，老师给作者换了一个旁白的角色，作者非常伤心，于是作者的妈妈用蒲公英来告诉作者旁白和公主的角色一样重要，激发了作者的勇气和信心，并且这件事从此成为了作者难忘的经历，激励作者变得非常擅长表演和演讲，作者非常感谢她的妈妈成就了今天的她。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但是你可以成为一个很好的旁白，”她说。”可知，第一段可描写作者受到妈妈的鼓励，鼓起勇气，完成了演出。
②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我把蒲公英带回家。”可知，第二段可描写作者和母亲之间的故事，成为了作者难忘的经历，并且让她变得擅长表演和演出。
2.续写线索：提醒——鼓舞——走过来——镇静——难忘的——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓舞：inspire/ encourage
②镇静：calm down/cool/keep calm
情绪类
①难忘的：unforgettable / memorable/leave a lasting impression on
②感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful to
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
（由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Every time I see it, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience.（由every time引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型3] For this, I am forever grateful to my mother, who has made me what I am today.
（关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句和what引导的宾语从句作made的宾语）