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湖北省黄冈市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题
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这是一份湖北省黄冈市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，推荐信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
湖北省黄冈市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末质量检测
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Most people are happy to receive gifts just because of their social customs, but in fact they don't like them, As the New Year approaches, we may be eager to see the joy on the faces of those who receive gifts. How to prepare a thoughtful gift?Here are some recommended brands for you.
Patek Pillippe, a Swiss watch manufacturer (制造商) founded in 1839, located in Geneva and the Vallée de Joux. A Patek watch isn't a device for telling time. It can transfer values across generations. It is intended to express the attitude of modern men towards parenthood. The real spirit of this brand is closeness, emotion and togetherness. Those are what you want enjoy and pass on from generation to generation.
Cognac. Cognac is a type of brandy made from distilled white wine. In fact, the word “brandy” comes from a Dutch word which means burnt wine. The origin of Cognac dates back to the 16th century when Dutch sellers came to a French region to buy salt, wood, and wine. And soon this brandy is named after its birthplace, a little town in southwest of France. Cognac is the most complex wine to make and it takes the longest time to produce—centuries, in some cases.
Frifuli is both the group name and the brand name. Founded in 1982 in Athens, Greece. Frifuli designs and manufactures jewelry. Today it has more than 390 stores in 25 countries around the world. At the beginning, Frifuli was to design and manufacture jewelry. With the addition of the watch series in 1994 and the accessories (饰品) series in 1998, Frifuli has gradually become a fashion brand covering the three fields of jewelry, watches and accessories.
1．What do Patek Pillippe and Frifuli have in common?
A．Both have a long history.
B．Both are the names of the manufacturer and the brand.
C．Both do one same business.
D．Both do business in several fields.
2．Which statement is true according to the text?
A．Most people receive gifts because they really like it.
B．Petek Pillippe is a brand to show parents' love.
C．Cognac costs a long time to produce.
D．Frifuli only concentrates on manufacturing jewelry.
3．Where does Cognac come from?
A．Swiss. B．Greece.
C．Holland. D．France.
Six weeks before his birthday, Giuseppe Paternò achieved the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree.
Mr. Paternò's graduation has inspired news coverage around the world, partly because of his age. But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has encouraged as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere faces extraordinary uncertainty during the coronavirus pandemic.
Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “very poor family,” Mr. Paternò began working soon after finishing elementary school. “The family was large, there was only one paycheck, we were under fascism, and times were tough,” he said.
Eventually, he ended up at a publishing house where an enlightened boss persuaded his father to send him back to school for a three-year vocational degree. Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II. The job also opened doors to the State Railways Company, where he worked for more than four decades.
It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books, taking theology courses through the Archdiocese of Palermo after a chance meeting with a philosophy professor who urged him to follow his love.
Mr. Paterno's son, Ninni Paternò, said that the family had not expected all the attention. “It's unbelievable!” the vounger Paternò said of his father. “He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world.”
University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò will continue his studies on waster's course. But he isn't so sure. “I have to admit that in this moment, I don't know whether I would do it with the same spirit,” he said on Wednesday. Still, Mr. Paternò said he would probably continue anyway.
4．What's the main reason for the world to report Mr. Paternò's graduation?
A．His experience shows the spirit of commitment.
B．Mr. Paternò achieved his dream at an old age.
C．His graduation ceremony was during the coronavirus pandemic.
D．His achievement is extraordinary.
5．What does the underline word “this job” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Working for an insurance company.
B．Severing in the navy in World War II.
C．A telegraph operator.
D．The job in the State Railway Company.
6．What can we learn about Mr. Paternò's son's words?
A．The family had not agreed Mr. Paternò's decision.
B．Mr. Paternò didn't want to gain the world's attention.
C．Mr. Paternò suffered a lot to achieve his goal.
D．Mr. Paternò's achievement is not worth mentioning.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It's never too late to achieve a dream. B．No pains, no gains.
C．Young at heart. D．Practice makes perfect.
We recognize our friends’ faces. And we’re not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behavior depending on who they meet. And a recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (家养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.
Ethologist Léa Lansade of the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment did an experiment to find out how well horses can recognize individual people in photographs.
She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two side-by-side pictures by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the stranger’s face about 75% of the time. In fact, even though the horses didn't get it right every single time, they were at least as correct in picking out their earlier keeper as they were at identifying their present one.
The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are two dimensional representations (二维呈现) of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound. And they’re even better at this than our oldest animal parter, the domestic dog.
In addition, horses seem to have a strong long-term memory for human faces, like their long lifespan and history of domestication. In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxious or even avoidance. So maybe think twice before doing anything that might give a horse a long face.
8．Why did researchers show the horses both the keeper’s photos and the strangers’?
A．To find out what horses would do in the experiment.
B．To see why horses could recognize the keeper in the pictures.
C．To test whether horses could recognize the strangers in pictures.
D．To study to what degree horses can make out different people in pictures.
9．What does the underlined word “intimations” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Clues. B．Differences.
C．Photographs. D．Senses.
10．What are researchers still uncertain about?
A．Whether horses can live longer than other animals.
B．Whether horses can remember human's faces for a long time.
C．Whether horses can show their emotions at the sight of photos.
D．Whether horses are better at recognizing photos than other animals.
11．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To talk about animals’ species.
B．To explain animals’ facial features.
C．To show animals’ behaviour for adaptation.
D．To introduce animals’ ability to identifying faces.
Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.
You may think supermarkets are the main contributors to this mountain of food. After all, they do threw away food that's past its sell-by-date and they often refuse to sell vegetables or fruit that are the wrong shape or look damaged. They've also been criticized (批评) for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions (促销) such as “buy one get one free”.
But the biggest responsible person for creating food waste is us. In Europe an incredible 53%of food waste comes from familes, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year. So instead of filling our stomachs, our food is filling up landfill sites. Unfortunately this causes greenhouse gases which finally leads to global warming and climate change.
In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to stop this problem. She moved from Russia many years ago and was amazed to see so much food in the supermarkets. But to her surprise，she found that people were buying more than they needed and throwing too much away.
She persuaded some supermarkets to stop selling their items in large amount so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftovers (剩菜) cookbook and she's now set up an education programme in schools. This has helped reduce by 25%in food waste, which shows that something can be done.
Clearly, we need to think twice when we put something in our shopping cart, and when we're at home we should make the most of the food we have—using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing them with our friends and neighbours.
12．What's the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To lead in the topic that will be discussed.
B．To get the answer to how much food you buy each week.
C．To show people are fond of going shopping which waste much food.
D．To make a good relation with the readers.
13．When facing many people going hungry, the author feels shocked because _______.
A．there is no enough food for the whole world.
B．a large amount of food is wasted in the world.
C．supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need.
D．greenhouse gases lead to global warming and climate change.
14．Selina Juul is a woman _______.
A．who cares about the environment very much
B．who talked some supermarkets into stopping selling their items to people
C．who set up a school to educate people not to waste food
D．who tried to share her good experience from dealing with leftovers
15．What can be the title of the text?
A．Making good use of leftovers.
B．Save the food, stop the hunger.
C．Don't buy too much food in the supermarkets.
D．We need to think twice when we go shopping.
二、七选五
When applying for American universities, many students believe that public universities are more formal than private ones. Famous American Ivy League (常春藤) colleges, however, are all private, while other top institutions are public. 16．
17．
This is one of their biggest differences. Public universities are funded by the state through taxation while private universities are funded by donations. Tuition fees (学费) of private universities are usually much higher in comparison.
Different student pools
To ensure the education of students in the state, public universities mainly include local people who enjoy discounted tuition fees for studying in their home state. 18．This is partly because many local students cannot afford high tuition fees.
Different school scales (规模)
19． They will also have larger class size. But private colleges are not as large and have smaller class sizes to show its strength.
School establishment history
Private universities enjoy a longer history than public ones. 20． But it wasn't until the mid-19th century that some first-class public universities appeared, such as the University of California, Berkeley.
Students need to consider completely which one is suitable for them in various aspects such as teaching quality and social activities.
A．Different sources of funding.
B．Different amount of tuition fees.
C．But which one is better between the private ones and public ones?
D．So what are the differences between these two types of universities?
E. Most public universities have bigger campuses and larger student bodies.
F. Private universities, however, have a higher percentage of international students.
G. Princeton University, one of the oldest Ivy League schools, for example, was founded in 1746.
三、完形填空
Once upon a time, a very strong woodcutter 21 for a job in a wood merchant and he got it. The pay was really good and so was the 22 condition. For those reasons the woodcutter was 23 to do his best. His boss gave him an axe and showed him the area where he was supposed to work.
The first day the woodcutter brought 18 trees, which he all had 24 himself. “Congratulations!” the boss said, “Go on that way!” Deeply 25 by the boss's words the woodcutter tried harder the next day. but he could only bring 15 trees. The third day he tried even 26 , but he could only bring 10 trees. Day after day he was bringing less and less trees. “I must be losing my 27 ,” the woodcutter thought. He went to the boss and said 28 , adding that he could not understand what was going on.
“When was the last time you 29 your axe?” the boss asked. “I had no time to do that, because I have been very busy trying to cut trees…” answered the woodcutter.
Our 30 are like that. We sometimes get so busy that we don' t 31 time to sharpen the “axe” in life. It seems that everyone is busier than ever, but less 32 than ever. Why is that? Could it be that we have forgotten how to 33 “sharp”?
There's nothing wrong with activity and hard work. But we all need to spare some time to relax, to think and meditate. to learn and 34 . If we don't take the time to sharpen the “axe”, we will become dull and lose our 35 .
21．A．called B．paid C．hunted D．waited
22．A．health B．work C．nature D．environment
23．A．determined B．attracted C．adapted D．supposed
24．A．put away B．cut down C．brought back D．cut up
25．A．surprised B．frightened C．inspired D．puzzled
26．A．stronger B．faster C．cleverer D．harder
27．A．heart B．strength C．way D．function
28．A．thanks B．goodbye C．sorry D．nothing
29．A．repaired B．sharpened C．cleaned D．used
30．A．lives B．dreams C．hobbies D．jobs
31．A．waste B．take C．make D．kill
32．A．positive B．anxious C．Active D．happy
33．A．look B．feel C．stay D．turn
34．A．grow B．perform C．compete D．apply
35．A．interest B．activeness C．attractiveness D．effectiveness
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past 40 years, the power of China 36． (see) by the world. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, our country has become one of the strongest countries of the world from an 37． (extreme) poor one, including economy, military and science and technology. With a rapid development of our country, some western countries especially the USA are not 38． (will) to see a powerful China, so they make troubles for China in all aspects in the international society. 39． our country is not what she used to be now, we will never give in to any stress.
Our country showed its advantage of socialism system again in 2020, 40． the COVID 19 broke out quickly in the world. Unfortunately, many western countries were wondering 41． to do at that time while people from all 42． (walk) of life in China worked together to take action. So we could get the epidemic 43． (control) quickly and began to recover our economy. During this period, many heroes like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan, 44． didn't think about their personal safety, became “the most beautiful reverse walkers”. We are proud of them, 45． we also take pride in our country.
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，并将在春节期间来湖北游玩，请你写一封邮件给他。邮件内容如下：
1. 简单介绍春节饮食习俗；
2. 推荐一道你家乡的特色菜；
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wish you have a good time here.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
As a sixth grader, I found it hard to fit in and make friends.
Our teacher had assigned (分派, 布置) “secret friends” for the coming week. She wrote each kid's name on a piece of paper and threw them into a glass; then we each closed our eyes and picked out one. By the middle of the week，everyone had turned this assignment into a competition to see whose secret friend could leave the best gift. It seemed that everyone was getting cool presents from their friend except me.
On the last morning of our assignment. I walked into my classroom and noticed a package with a box of powder (胭脂粉). The girls sitting near me laughed at the gift I had received. What's worse, the powder had already been opened.
I tried to forget about the embarrassing gift, but when I was in the bathroom during the break, the girls started speaking ill of my secret friend of giving it to me. I quickly joined in. “How terrible,” I heard myself saying “What could my friend be thinking by giving me such a stupid gift? My grandmother wouldn't even want it.” The girls laughed at my remarks (评论) and rushed out of the bathroom. I stayed to wash my hands and let water run through my fingers as I thought about what I had just said. It wasn't normal like me to say mean (刻薄的) things like that about someone.
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth (厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C
2．C
3．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要推荐几款过年礼物的品牌。
1．
细节理解题。根据Patek Pillippe 和Frifuli 定位在文章第二部分和第四部分，根据原文“Patek Pillippe, a Swiss watch manufacturer founded in 1839 (百达翡丽是一家成立于1839年的瑞士手表制造商)”和“Frifuli has gradually become a fashion brand spanning the three fields of jewelry, watches and accessories.(Frifuli已逐渐成为一种时尚品牌的三个字段珠宝、手表及配件。)”可知，这两个品牌都有手表类业务。故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Cognac is the most complex wine in the world to make and it takes the longest time to produce — centuries, in some cases.( Cognac是最复杂的葡萄酒，生产时间也最长，有时长达几个世纪。)”可知，cognac酿造时间长。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“And soon this brandy is named after its birthplace, a little town in southwest of France.(很快这种白兰地就以它的诞生地——法国西南部的一个小镇命名了。)”可知, Cognac来自于法国。故选D。
4．A
5．C
6．B
7．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，这篇文章讲述的是一位意大利爷爷96岁大学毕业追寻梦想的故事。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment（但他之所以受到关注，主要是因为他的人生故事讲述了承诺）”可知，他的事迹被全世界报道的主要原因是他的人生故事体现了承诺精神，故选A项。
5．
词义猜测题。根据原文第四段中“Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II.（先生。帕特诺随后在一家保险公司工作，同时参加私人课程，成为一名电报员。第二次世界大战时，他应征加入海军时，运用了操作员的技能。）”可知，this job指代的是the operator job（电报员工作）。故选C项。
6．
细节理解题。根据原文“He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world（他实现了自己的目标，但他并不想在世界各地的报纸上出名）”可知，他并不想受到全世界的关注，故选B项。
7．
推理判断题。这篇文章讲述的是一位老人在96岁高龄时大学毕业追寻梦想的故事，他的经历可以说明追逐梦想永远不会晚，故选A项。
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章以马为例做了面孔识别能力实验，主要探究动物能否像人类一样“识别”人脸。
8．
推理判断题。根据第三段“The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the stranger’s face about 75% of the time.(在75%的情况下，这些马能正确识别出它们现在的主人，并忽略陌生人的脸)”可知，科学家通过这种方式来验证马能否识别熟脸。由此可知，研究人员给马看饲养员和陌生人的照片是为了研究马能在多大程度上分辨出照片中的不同人。故选D项。
9．
词句猜测题。根据第四段“The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are two dimensional representations of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound.(结果表明，马不仅能区分熟悉和不熟悉的人脸，它们还能很自然地理解照片是真实生活的二维表征，没有任何其他intimations，如气味或声音)”可知，马仅仅通过脸相，而不是气味、声音等“线索、依据”来识别。由此推知，划线词intimations与clues意思接近。故选A项。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxious or even avoidance. (在未来的实验中，研究人员想测试一下，看过去有过不好经历的人的照片是否会导致马表现出焦虑甚至回避)”可推知，马是否能表达感情，研究者还不确定。故选C项。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段“We recognize our friends’ faces. And we’re not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behavior depending on who they meet. And a recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (家养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.(我们识别得了朋友的脸。但并不是只有我们（人类）可以做到。许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别同类。这很重要，因为他们需要能够根据他们遇到的人改变他们的行为。最近的一项研究表明，一些种类的猴子、鸟类和家养动物甚至可以通过单独看照片来区分不同的面孔)”可知，有一些动物可以识别不同的面孔，结合下文内容描写马的面孔识别实验可知，本文主要是介绍动物识别面孔的能力。故选D项。
12．A
13．B
14．D
15．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述造成许多人挨饿的原因——大量食物被浪费，因此提到了一些解决问题的方法：购买所需量的食物，合理利用剩余饭菜。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(在发达国家，丢弃不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。当我们中的一些人这样做的时候，世界上其他地方的人却缺少食物。一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知文章的主题是关于食物浪费以及带来的不良后果，结合下文内容对食物浪费的讨论可知作者第一段的目的是引出将要讨论的话题，故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知当面对如此多人遭受饥饿，作者感到震惊的是世界上有大量的食物被浪费。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“She persuaded some supermarkets to stop selling their items in large amount so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftovers (剩菜) cookbook and she's now set up an education programme in schools. This has helped reduce by 25%in food waste, which shows that something can be done.(她说服一些超市停止大量销售他们的商品，以便人们只买他们需要的东西。她制作了一本剩菜烹饪书，现在她在学校里设立了一个教育项目。这有助于减少25%的食物浪费，这表明可以采取一些措施。)”可知Selina Juul试图分享她处理剩菜的好经验。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(在发达国家，丢弃不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。当我们中的一些人这样做的时候，世界上其他地方的人却缺少食物。一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知文章的主题是关于食物浪费以及带来的不良后果，因此提出了一些解决问题的方法：购买所需量的食物，合理利用剩余饭菜。所以B项“节约粮食，制止饥饿”符合文章主题，适合作为本文的标题，故选B项。
16．D
17．A
18．F
19．E
20．G
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国公立大学和私立大学的区别。
16．
由本段首句“When applying for American universities, many students believe that public universities are more formal than private ones.”（在申请美国大学时，许多学生认为公立大学比私立大学更正规。）和下文每段小标题“Different student pools”（不同的学生资源），“Different school scales”（不同的学校规模）及“School establishment history”（建校史）可知，下文在讲美国公立大学和私立大学的区别，此处应该引出“美国公私大学的区别”这个话题，承接上下文，D选项“那么这两种类型的大学有什么区别呢？”切题。故选D项。
17．
此处选择小标题，要对第二段内容进行概括总结。由第二段“This is one of their biggest differences. Public universities are funded by the state through taxation while private universities are funded by donations. Tuition fees (学费) of private universities are usually much higher in comparison.”（这是它们最大的区别之一。公立大学由国家通过税收资助，而私立大学则由捐赠资助。相比之下，私立大学的学费通常要高得多。）可知，第二段讲了美国公立大学的资金来源于税收，私立大学的资金来源于捐赠，说明美国公立大学和私立大学的资金来源不同，承接下文，A选项“不同的资金来源。”切题。故选A项。
18．
由小标题“Different student pools”（不同的学生资源）和上一句“To ensure the education of students in the state, public universities mainly include local people who enjoy discounted tuition fees for studying in their home state.”（为了保证学生在本州的教育，公立大学主要包括在本州学习享受折扣学费的当地人。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学的学生来源不同，已经讲了公立大学的学生来源于当地人，那么此处应该讲私立大学的学生来源，承接上文，F选项“然而，私立大学的国际学生比例更高。”切题。故选F项。
19．
由小标题“Different school scales”（不同的学校规模）和本段尾句“But private colleges are not as large and have smaller class sizes to show its strength.”（但私立大学规模不大，班级规模较小，以显示其实力。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学的规模不同，已经讲了有关私立大学规模的相关情况，那么此处应该讲公立大学的规模是怎么样的，承接上下文，E选项“大多数公立大学有更大的校园和更大的学生群体。”切题。故选E项。
20．
由小标题“School establishment history”（建校史）和上一句“Private universities enjoy a longer history than public ones.”（私立大学的历史比公立大学长。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学不同的建校史，上文讲私立大学的历史比公立大学长，可得出作者在此处会进行进一步举例说明，解释为什么私立大学建校历史更悠久，只有G项符合建校史的内容，承接上文，G选项“例如，普林斯顿大学是历史最悠久的常春藤盟校之一，成立于1746年。”切题。故选G项。
【点睛】
21．C
22．B
23．A
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．A
35．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了勤奋的年轻人因忽略磨斧的重要性，日复一日机械地工作，导致效率渐低的故事。它告诉我们在日常生活中花时间去“磨斧”，生活才能够高效有质量地前进。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从前，一个非常强壮的樵夫在一家木材商那里想要找份工作，他得到了这份工作。A. called打电话；B. paid支付；C. hunted寻找，狩猎；D. waited等待。结合后文“for a job in a wood merchant and he got it”指樵夫想要在木材商人那里找份工作，hunt for“寻找”。故选C。
22．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工资非常高，工作条件也很好。A. health健康；B. work工作；C. nature自然；D. environment环境。结合上文“The pay was really good and so was the”可知本句是在描述这份工作的工资待遇和工作条件。故选B。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于这些原因，樵夫决定尽他最大的努力工作。A. determined决定；B. attracted吸引；C. adapted适应；D. supposed认为。根据后文“to do his best”可推断，因为这份工资各方面条件不错，所以樵夫决定好好工作。be determined to do sth.“决心做某事”。故选A。
24．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一天，樵夫带来了18棵树，都是他自己砍倒的。A. put away放好；B. cut down砍倒；C. brought back带回来；D. cut up切碎。结合上文“the woodcutter brought 18 trees”指砍倒了18棵树，应用cut down。故选B。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被老板的话深深打动了的樵夫，第二天更加努力了，但他只带回了15棵树。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. inspired鼓舞人心的；D. puzzled困惑的。结合上文““Congratulations!” the boss said, “Go on that way!””以及后文“the woodcutter tried harder the next day”可知老板的话鼓舞了樵夫，他第二更加努力了。故选C。
26．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：第三天，他更努力了，但他只能带回10棵树。A. stronger更强的；B. faster更快的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. harder更努力的。对应上文“the woodcutter tried harder the next day”指樵夫第三天比之前更加努力砍树。故选D。
27．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：樵夫想：“我一定是体力不行了。”A. heart心；B. strength体力，力量；C. way方法；D. function功能。结合上文“Day after day he was bringing less and less trees.”可知樵夫砍的树越来越少，因此这种情况下他猜测是不是自己体力不行了，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去找老板说对不起，并补充说他不明白是怎么回事。A. thanks感谢；B. goodbye再见；C. sorry对不起；D. nothing没有什么。结合上文“He went to the boss and said”可知砍树越来越少的樵夫去找老板说对不起。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你上次磨斧头是什么时候？”老板问。A. repaired修理；B. sharpened锐化，磨快；C. cleaned清理；D. used使用。此次对应后文中“sharpen the “axe””指磨斧头，应用sharpen。故选B。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生活也是这样。A. lives生活；B. dreams梦想；C. hobbies爱好；D. jobs工作。根据后文“to sharpen the “axe” in life”可知将故事与生活相比，道理是一样的。故选A。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我们太忙了，以至于没有花时间去磨生活的“斧头”。A. waste浪费；B. take带走，花费；C. make制作；D. kill杀死。根据后文“time to sharpen the “axe” in life”指花时间做某事，短语为take time to do sth.。故选B。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎每个人都比以前更忙，但却没有以前快乐。A. positive积极的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. active活跃的；D. happy快乐的。结合上文“It seems that everyone is busier than ever, but less”可知but表示转折，说明虽然越来越忙，但是却没有以前快乐。故选D。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：是不是我们已经忘记了如何保持“锋利”？A. look看起来；B. feel感觉；C. stay保持，停留；D. turn转弯。结合上文可知，生活的斧头也是需要去“磨”的，这样我们才能保持“锋利”，stay符合语境。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们都需要花些时间来放松、思考和冥想，学习和成长。A. grow成长；B. perform表演；C. compete竞争；D. apply应用。结合上文“we all need to spare some time to relax, to think and meditate ”可知，指花时间来放松、思考和冥想，学习和成长。故选A。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不花时间去磨“斧头”，我们就会变得迟钝，失去我们的效力。A. interest兴趣；B. activeness积极性；C. attractiveness吸引力；D. effectiveness效力。结合上文“If we don't take the time to sharpen the “axe”, we will become dull”以及樵夫不磨斧头导致砍树越来越少，可知此处想表达的是如果我们不花时间去磨“斧头”，我们就会变得迟钝，失去我们的效力。故选D。
36．has been seen
37．extremely
38．willing
39．But
40．when
41．what
42．walks
43．controlled
44．who
45．and
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国共产党的领导下，我国日益强大。特别是新冠肺炎疫情在全球迅速爆发，我国社会主义制度优势再次显现。
36．
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的40年里，中国的力量有目共睹。根据时间状语In the past 40 years可知，用现在完成时。主语the power of China与see之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是单数，所以用has。故填has been seen。
37．
考查副词。句意：在中国共产党的领导下，我国从一个极其贫穷的国家，包括经济、军事和科学技术，发展成为世界上最强大的国家之一。修饰形容词poor，前用副词作状语。故填extremely。
38．
考查形容词。句意：随着我国的快速发展，一些西方国家特别是美国不愿意看到一个强大的中国，所以他们在国际社会上给中国制造了方方面面的麻烦。be willing to do sth.情愿做某事。故填willing。
39．
考查连词。句意：但是我们的国家现在已经不是以前的样子了，我们永远不会屈服于任何压力。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用连词but。故填But。
40．
考查定语从句。句意：2020年，新冠肺炎疫情在全球迅速爆发，我国社会主义制度优势再次显现。句中先行词为2020，在非限定性定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
41．
考查疑问词。句意：不幸的是，当时许多西方国家都在思考该怎么做，而中国的各行各业的人都在共同努力采取行动。 “疑问词+动词不定式”结构做动词的宾语。根据句意，用疑问词what。故填what。
42．
考查名词。句意：不幸的是，当时许多西方国家都在思考该怎么做，而中国的各行各业的人都在共同努力采取行动。walks of life各行各业。故填walks。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这样我们就能迅速控制疫情，开始恢复我们的经济。句中宾语epidemic与补足语control之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填controlled。
44．
考查定语从句。句意：在这一时期，许多像钟南山、李兰娟这样不顾个人安危的英雄，成为了“最美丽的逆行者”。句中先行词为heroes，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
45．
考查连词。句意：我们为他们感到骄傲，我们也为我们的国家感到骄傲。前后句之间为并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
46．Dear Peter,
How is everything going? I am delighted that you are fascinated by Chinese food culture. Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.
During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion. As a native of Hubei, I highly recommend you to get a taste of hot and dry noodles, a famous and popular breakfast here.
Wish you have a good time here!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Peter写一封邮件介绍湖北的春节习俗和推荐家乡菜。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 简单介绍春节饮食习俗；
2. 推荐一道你家乡的特色菜；
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted; be fascinated by; Chinese food culture; schedule; suggestion; custom; mean; family reunion; native; highly recommend; get a taste of; famous; popular
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted that you are fascinated by Chinese food culture.
2.Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.
3.During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion.
4.As a native of Hubei, I highly recommend you to get a taste of hot and dry noodles, a famous and popular breakfast here.
5.Wish you have a good time here!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Secondly, Thirdly. (供参考)
2.表并列补充关系：Additionally, moreover. (供参考)
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but. (供参考)
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result(供参考)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.(使用that 引导宾语从句。)
[高分句型2] During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion. (使用which引导非限定性定语从句。)
47．Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth(厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face. She shouted at me with anger, “If you don’t want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it. This is the best powder from my mum! “Before I could say a word, Janet dashed out, leaving me dumb with deep regret. But soon I clenched my fingers and made up my mind to find Janet and say sorry to her. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason. I was not a mean girl by judging people’s presents. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. Hearing my sincere words, Janet calmed herself down after constant sobs and said, “True friendship comes from genuine care and love for each other. I think that’s our teacher’s intention of this ‘secret friend’ assignment”. That day, I learned to cherish real friendship.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了老师布置了“密友”的作业，所有同学都收到了很酷的礼物但作者没有，于是作者和其他同学一起在洗手间嘲笑那个糟糕的礼物，却被送礼物的同学听到。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我看到我的同学珍妮特从厕所隔间里走出来，泪流满面。”可知，第一段可描写珍妮特听到作者对自己送的礼物嘲笑，并感到十分伤心。
②由第二段首句内容“我一边道歉，一边解释了原因。”可知，第二段可描写作者向珍妮特道歉的具体行为。
2.续写线索：生气——冲出去——后悔——道歉——解释——明白作业目的
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 嘲笑：make fun of/langht at
② 哑口无言： cats got one's tongue/at a loss for words
③ 冲出去：rush out/dash out
情绪类
① 生气：get angry/be burned up
② 后悔：in remorse/with regret
③ 抱怨：cry out/find fault with
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. If you don't want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it.（由连词if引导条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.（现在分词短语作伴随状语从句）
[高分句型3]. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. （用关系副词 why 引导定语从句，先行词是the reason 且在定语从句中作原因状语；that引导表语从句。）
湖北省黄冈市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末质量检测
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Most people are happy to receive gifts just because of their social customs, but in fact they don't like them, As the New Year approaches, we may be eager to see the joy on the faces of those who receive gifts. How to prepare a thoughtful gift?Here are some recommended brands for you.
Patek Pillippe, a Swiss watch manufacturer (制造商) founded in 1839, located in Geneva and the Vallée de Joux. A Patek watch isn't a device for telling time. It can transfer values across generations. It is intended to express the attitude of modern men towards parenthood. The real spirit of this brand is closeness, emotion and togetherness. Those are what you want enjoy and pass on from generation to generation.
Cognac. Cognac is a type of brandy made from distilled white wine. In fact, the word “brandy” comes from a Dutch word which means burnt wine. The origin of Cognac dates back to the 16th century when Dutch sellers came to a French region to buy salt, wood, and wine. And soon this brandy is named after its birthplace, a little town in southwest of France. Cognac is the most complex wine to make and it takes the longest time to produce—centuries, in some cases.
Frifuli is both the group name and the brand name. Founded in 1982 in Athens, Greece. Frifuli designs and manufactures jewelry. Today it has more than 390 stores in 25 countries around the world. At the beginning, Frifuli was to design and manufacture jewelry. With the addition of the watch series in 1994 and the accessories (饰品) series in 1998, Frifuli has gradually become a fashion brand covering the three fields of jewelry, watches and accessories.
1．What do Patek Pillippe and Frifuli have in common?
A．Both have a long history.
B．Both are the names of the manufacturer and the brand.
C．Both do one same business.
D．Both do business in several fields.
2．Which statement is true according to the text?
A．Most people receive gifts because they really like it.
B．Petek Pillippe is a brand to show parents' love.
C．Cognac costs a long time to produce.
D．Frifuli only concentrates on manufacturing jewelry.
3．Where does Cognac come from?
A．Swiss. B．Greece.
C．Holland. D．France.
Six weeks before his birthday, Giuseppe Paternò achieved the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree.
Mr. Paternò's graduation has inspired news coverage around the world, partly because of his age. But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has encouraged as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere faces extraordinary uncertainty during the coronavirus pandemic.
Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “very poor family,” Mr. Paternò began working soon after finishing elementary school. “The family was large, there was only one paycheck, we were under fascism, and times were tough,” he said.
Eventually, he ended up at a publishing house where an enlightened boss persuaded his father to send him back to school for a three-year vocational degree. Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II. The job also opened doors to the State Railways Company, where he worked for more than four decades.
It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books, taking theology courses through the Archdiocese of Palermo after a chance meeting with a philosophy professor who urged him to follow his love.
Mr. Paterno's son, Ninni Paternò, said that the family had not expected all the attention. “It's unbelievable!” the vounger Paternò said of his father. “He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world.”
University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò will continue his studies on waster's course. But he isn't so sure. “I have to admit that in this moment, I don't know whether I would do it with the same spirit,” he said on Wednesday. Still, Mr. Paternò said he would probably continue anyway.
4．What's the main reason for the world to report Mr. Paternò's graduation?
A．His experience shows the spirit of commitment.
B．Mr. Paternò achieved his dream at an old age.
C．His graduation ceremony was during the coronavirus pandemic.
D．His achievement is extraordinary.
5．What does the underline word “this job” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Working for an insurance company.
B．Severing in the navy in World War II.
C．A telegraph operator.
D．The job in the State Railway Company.
6．What can we learn about Mr. Paternò's son's words?
A．The family had not agreed Mr. Paternò's decision.
B．Mr. Paternò didn't want to gain the world's attention.
C．Mr. Paternò suffered a lot to achieve his goal.
D．Mr. Paternò's achievement is not worth mentioning.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It's never too late to achieve a dream. B．No pains, no gains.
C．Young at heart. D．Practice makes perfect.
We recognize our friends’ faces. And we’re not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behavior depending on who they meet. And a recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (家养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.
Ethologist Léa Lansade of the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment did an experiment to find out how well horses can recognize individual people in photographs.
She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two side-by-side pictures by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the stranger’s face about 75% of the time. In fact, even though the horses didn't get it right every single time, they were at least as correct in picking out their earlier keeper as they were at identifying their present one.
The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are two dimensional representations (二维呈现) of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound. And they’re even better at this than our oldest animal parter, the domestic dog.
In addition, horses seem to have a strong long-term memory for human faces, like their long lifespan and history of domestication. In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxious or even avoidance. So maybe think twice before doing anything that might give a horse a long face.
8．Why did researchers show the horses both the keeper’s photos and the strangers’?
A．To find out what horses would do in the experiment.
B．To see why horses could recognize the keeper in the pictures.
C．To test whether horses could recognize the strangers in pictures.
D．To study to what degree horses can make out different people in pictures.
9．What does the underlined word “intimations” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Clues. B．Differences.
C．Photographs. D．Senses.
10．What are researchers still uncertain about?
A．Whether horses can live longer than other animals.
B．Whether horses can remember human's faces for a long time.
C．Whether horses can show their emotions at the sight of photos.
D．Whether horses are better at recognizing photos than other animals.
11．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To talk about animals’ species.
B．To explain animals’ facial features.
C．To show animals’ behaviour for adaptation.
D．To introduce animals’ ability to identifying faces.
Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.
You may think supermarkets are the main contributors to this mountain of food. After all, they do threw away food that's past its sell-by-date and they often refuse to sell vegetables or fruit that are the wrong shape or look damaged. They've also been criticized (批评) for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions (促销) such as “buy one get one free”.
But the biggest responsible person for creating food waste is us. In Europe an incredible 53%of food waste comes from familes, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year. So instead of filling our stomachs, our food is filling up landfill sites. Unfortunately this causes greenhouse gases which finally leads to global warming and climate change.
In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to stop this problem. She moved from Russia many years ago and was amazed to see so much food in the supermarkets. But to her surprise，she found that people were buying more than they needed and throwing too much away.
She persuaded some supermarkets to stop selling their items in large amount so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftovers (剩菜) cookbook and she's now set up an education programme in schools. This has helped reduce by 25%in food waste, which shows that something can be done.
Clearly, we need to think twice when we put something in our shopping cart, and when we're at home we should make the most of the food we have—using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing them with our friends and neighbours.
12．What's the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To lead in the topic that will be discussed.
B．To get the answer to how much food you buy each week.
C．To show people are fond of going shopping which waste much food.
D．To make a good relation with the readers.
13．When facing many people going hungry, the author feels shocked because _______.
A．there is no enough food for the whole world.
B．a large amount of food is wasted in the world.
C．supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need.
D．greenhouse gases lead to global warming and climate change.
14．Selina Juul is a woman _______.
A．who cares about the environment very much
B．who talked some supermarkets into stopping selling their items to people
C．who set up a school to educate people not to waste food
D．who tried to share her good experience from dealing with leftovers
15．What can be the title of the text?
A．Making good use of leftovers.
B．Save the food, stop the hunger.
C．Don't buy too much food in the supermarkets.
D．We need to think twice when we go shopping.
二、七选五
When applying for American universities, many students believe that public universities are more formal than private ones. Famous American Ivy League (常春藤) colleges, however, are all private, while other top institutions are public. 16．
17．
This is one of their biggest differences. Public universities are funded by the state through taxation while private universities are funded by donations. Tuition fees (学费) of private universities are usually much higher in comparison.
Different student pools
To ensure the education of students in the state, public universities mainly include local people who enjoy discounted tuition fees for studying in their home state. 18．This is partly because many local students cannot afford high tuition fees.
Different school scales (规模)
19． They will also have larger class size. But private colleges are not as large and have smaller class sizes to show its strength.
School establishment history
Private universities enjoy a longer history than public ones. 20． But it wasn't until the mid-19th century that some first-class public universities appeared, such as the University of California, Berkeley.
Students need to consider completely which one is suitable for them in various aspects such as teaching quality and social activities.
A．Different sources of funding.
B．Different amount of tuition fees.
C．But which one is better between the private ones and public ones?
D．So what are the differences between these two types of universities?
E. Most public universities have bigger campuses and larger student bodies.
F. Private universities, however, have a higher percentage of international students.
G. Princeton University, one of the oldest Ivy League schools, for example, was founded in 1746.
三、完形填空
Once upon a time, a very strong woodcutter 21 for a job in a wood merchant and he got it. The pay was really good and so was the 22 condition. For those reasons the woodcutter was 23 to do his best. His boss gave him an axe and showed him the area where he was supposed to work.
The first day the woodcutter brought 18 trees, which he all had 24 himself. “Congratulations!” the boss said, “Go on that way!” Deeply 25 by the boss's words the woodcutter tried harder the next day. but he could only bring 15 trees. The third day he tried even 26 , but he could only bring 10 trees. Day after day he was bringing less and less trees. “I must be losing my 27 ,” the woodcutter thought. He went to the boss and said 28 , adding that he could not understand what was going on.
“When was the last time you 29 your axe?” the boss asked. “I had no time to do that, because I have been very busy trying to cut trees…” answered the woodcutter.
Our 30 are like that. We sometimes get so busy that we don' t 31 time to sharpen the “axe” in life. It seems that everyone is busier than ever, but less 32 than ever. Why is that? Could it be that we have forgotten how to 33 “sharp”?
There's nothing wrong with activity and hard work. But we all need to spare some time to relax, to think and meditate. to learn and 34 . If we don't take the time to sharpen the “axe”, we will become dull and lose our 35 .
21．A．called B．paid C．hunted D．waited
22．A．health B．work C．nature D．environment
23．A．determined B．attracted C．adapted D．supposed
24．A．put away B．cut down C．brought back D．cut up
25．A．surprised B．frightened C．inspired D．puzzled
26．A．stronger B．faster C．cleverer D．harder
27．A．heart B．strength C．way D．function
28．A．thanks B．goodbye C．sorry D．nothing
29．A．repaired B．sharpened C．cleaned D．used
30．A．lives B．dreams C．hobbies D．jobs
31．A．waste B．take C．make D．kill
32．A．positive B．anxious C．Active D．happy
33．A．look B．feel C．stay D．turn
34．A．grow B．perform C．compete D．apply
35．A．interest B．activeness C．attractiveness D．effectiveness
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past 40 years, the power of China 36． (see) by the world. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, our country has become one of the strongest countries of the world from an 37． (extreme) poor one, including economy, military and science and technology. With a rapid development of our country, some western countries especially the USA are not 38． (will) to see a powerful China, so they make troubles for China in all aspects in the international society. 39． our country is not what she used to be now, we will never give in to any stress.
Our country showed its advantage of socialism system again in 2020, 40． the COVID 19 broke out quickly in the world. Unfortunately, many western countries were wondering 41． to do at that time while people from all 42． (walk) of life in China worked together to take action. So we could get the epidemic 43． (control) quickly and began to recover our economy. During this period, many heroes like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan, 44． didn't think about their personal safety, became “the most beautiful reverse walkers”. We are proud of them, 45． we also take pride in our country.
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，并将在春节期间来湖北游玩，请你写一封邮件给他。邮件内容如下：
1. 简单介绍春节饮食习俗；
2. 推荐一道你家乡的特色菜；
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wish you have a good time here.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
As a sixth grader, I found it hard to fit in and make friends.
Our teacher had assigned (分派, 布置) “secret friends” for the coming week. She wrote each kid's name on a piece of paper and threw them into a glass; then we each closed our eyes and picked out one. By the middle of the week，everyone had turned this assignment into a competition to see whose secret friend could leave the best gift. It seemed that everyone was getting cool presents from their friend except me.
On the last morning of our assignment. I walked into my classroom and noticed a package with a box of powder (胭脂粉). The girls sitting near me laughed at the gift I had received. What's worse, the powder had already been opened.
I tried to forget about the embarrassing gift, but when I was in the bathroom during the break, the girls started speaking ill of my secret friend of giving it to me. I quickly joined in. “How terrible,” I heard myself saying “What could my friend be thinking by giving me such a stupid gift? My grandmother wouldn't even want it.” The girls laughed at my remarks (评论) and rushed out of the bathroom. I stayed to wash my hands and let water run through my fingers as I thought about what I had just said. It wasn't normal like me to say mean (刻薄的) things like that about someone.
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth (厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C
2．C
3．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要推荐几款过年礼物的品牌。
1．
细节理解题。根据Patek Pillippe 和Frifuli 定位在文章第二部分和第四部分，根据原文“Patek Pillippe, a Swiss watch manufacturer founded in 1839 (百达翡丽是一家成立于1839年的瑞士手表制造商)”和“Frifuli has gradually become a fashion brand spanning the three fields of jewelry, watches and accessories.(Frifuli已逐渐成为一种时尚品牌的三个字段珠宝、手表及配件。)”可知，这两个品牌都有手表类业务。故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Cognac is the most complex wine in the world to make and it takes the longest time to produce — centuries, in some cases.( Cognac是最复杂的葡萄酒，生产时间也最长，有时长达几个世纪。)”可知，cognac酿造时间长。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“And soon this brandy is named after its birthplace, a little town in southwest of France.(很快这种白兰地就以它的诞生地——法国西南部的一个小镇命名了。)”可知, Cognac来自于法国。故选D。
4．A
5．C
6．B
7．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，这篇文章讲述的是一位意大利爷爷96岁大学毕业追寻梦想的故事。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But he has mainly drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment（但他之所以受到关注，主要是因为他的人生故事讲述了承诺）”可知，他的事迹被全世界报道的主要原因是他的人生故事体现了承诺精神，故选A项。
5．
词义猜测题。根据原文第四段中“Mr. Paternò then worked for an insurance agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. He used skills from the operator job when he was drafted into the navy in World War II.（先生。帕特诺随后在一家保险公司工作，同时参加私人课程，成为一名电报员。第二次世界大战时，他应征加入海军时，运用了操作员的技能。）”可知，this job指代的是the operator job（电报员工作）。故选C项。
6．
细节理解题。根据原文“He achieved his goal, but he didn't mean to be famous in newspapers around the world（他实现了自己的目标，但他并不想在世界各地的报纸上出名）”可知，他并不想受到全世界的关注，故选B项。
7．
推理判断题。这篇文章讲述的是一位老人在96岁高龄时大学毕业追寻梦想的故事，他的经历可以说明追逐梦想永远不会晚，故选A项。
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章以马为例做了面孔识别能力实验，主要探究动物能否像人类一样“识别”人脸。
8．
推理判断题。根据第三段“The horses correctly identified their current keeper and ignored (忽视) the stranger’s face about 75% of the time.(在75%的情况下，这些马能正确识别出它们现在的主人，并忽略陌生人的脸)”可知，科学家通过这种方式来验证马能否识别熟脸。由此可知，研究人员给马看饲养员和陌生人的照片是为了研究马能在多大程度上分辨出照片中的不同人。故选D项。
9．
词句猜测题。根据第四段“The results suggest that not only can horses differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, they also naturally understand that photographs are two dimensional representations of real life, without any other intimations such as smell or sound.(结果表明，马不仅能区分熟悉和不熟悉的人脸，它们还能很自然地理解照片是真实生活的二维表征，没有任何其他intimations，如气味或声音)”可知，马仅仅通过脸相，而不是气味、声音等“线索、依据”来识别。由此推知，划线词intimations与clues意思接近。故选A项。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“In future experiments, the researchers would like to test whether looking at photos of people that they have had bad experiences with in the past might cause horses to act anxious or even avoidance. (在未来的实验中，研究人员想测试一下，看过去有过不好经历的人的照片是否会导致马表现出焦虑甚至回避)”可推知，马是否能表达感情，研究者还不确定。故选C项。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段“We recognize our friends’ faces. And we’re not alone. Many social animals can identify individuals of their own species by features of their faces. That's important, because they need to be able to change their behavior depending on who they meet. And a recent research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated (家养的) animals can even tell different faces apart by looking at photographs alone.(我们识别得了朋友的脸。但并不是只有我们（人类）可以做到。许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别同类。这很重要，因为他们需要能够根据他们遇到的人改变他们的行为。最近的一项研究表明，一些种类的猴子、鸟类和家养动物甚至可以通过单独看照片来区分不同的面孔)”可知，有一些动物可以识别不同的面孔，结合下文内容描写马的面孔识别实验可知，本文主要是介绍动物识别面孔的能力。故选D项。
12．A
13．B
14．D
15．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述造成许多人挨饿的原因——大量食物被浪费，因此提到了一些解决问题的方法：购买所需量的食物，合理利用剩余饭菜。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(在发达国家，丢弃不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。当我们中的一些人这样做的时候，世界上其他地方的人却缺少食物。一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知文章的主题是关于食物浪费以及带来的不良后果，结合下文内容对食物浪费的讨论可知作者第一段的目的是引出将要讨论的话题，故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知当面对如此多人遭受饥饿，作者感到震惊的是世界上有大量的食物被浪费。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“She persuaded some supermarkets to stop selling their items in large amount so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftovers (剩菜) cookbook and she's now set up an education programme in schools. This has helped reduce by 25%in food waste, which shows that something can be done.(她说服一些超市停止大量销售他们的商品，以便人们只买他们需要的东西。她制作了一本剩菜烹饪书，现在她在学校里设立了一个教育项目。这有助于减少25%的食物浪费，这表明可以采取一些措施。)”可知Selina Juul试图分享她处理剩菜的好经验。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us do this, people in other parts of world are short of food. It's a shocking fact that a third of the world's food is wasted each year and that the actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.(在发达国家，丢弃不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。当我们中的一些人这样做的时候，世界上其他地方的人却缺少食物。一个令人震惊的事实是，世界上每年有三分之一的粮食被浪费，而实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知文章的主题是关于食物浪费以及带来的不良后果，因此提出了一些解决问题的方法：购买所需量的食物，合理利用剩余饭菜。所以B项“节约粮食，制止饥饿”符合文章主题，适合作为本文的标题，故选B项。
16．D
17．A
18．F
19．E
20．G
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国公立大学和私立大学的区别。
16．
由本段首句“When applying for American universities, many students believe that public universities are more formal than private ones.”（在申请美国大学时，许多学生认为公立大学比私立大学更正规。）和下文每段小标题“Different student pools”（不同的学生资源），“Different school scales”（不同的学校规模）及“School establishment history”（建校史）可知，下文在讲美国公立大学和私立大学的区别，此处应该引出“美国公私大学的区别”这个话题，承接上下文，D选项“那么这两种类型的大学有什么区别呢？”切题。故选D项。
17．
此处选择小标题，要对第二段内容进行概括总结。由第二段“This is one of their biggest differences. Public universities are funded by the state through taxation while private universities are funded by donations. Tuition fees (学费) of private universities are usually much higher in comparison.”（这是它们最大的区别之一。公立大学由国家通过税收资助，而私立大学则由捐赠资助。相比之下，私立大学的学费通常要高得多。）可知，第二段讲了美国公立大学的资金来源于税收，私立大学的资金来源于捐赠，说明美国公立大学和私立大学的资金来源不同，承接下文，A选项“不同的资金来源。”切题。故选A项。
18．
由小标题“Different student pools”（不同的学生资源）和上一句“To ensure the education of students in the state, public universities mainly include local people who enjoy discounted tuition fees for studying in their home state.”（为了保证学生在本州的教育，公立大学主要包括在本州学习享受折扣学费的当地人。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学的学生来源不同，已经讲了公立大学的学生来源于当地人，那么此处应该讲私立大学的学生来源，承接上文，F选项“然而，私立大学的国际学生比例更高。”切题。故选F项。
19．
由小标题“Different school scales”（不同的学校规模）和本段尾句“But private colleges are not as large and have smaller class sizes to show its strength.”（但私立大学规模不大，班级规模较小，以显示其实力。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学的规模不同，已经讲了有关私立大学规模的相关情况，那么此处应该讲公立大学的规模是怎么样的，承接上下文，E选项“大多数公立大学有更大的校园和更大的学生群体。”切题。故选E项。
20．
由小标题“School establishment history”（建校史）和上一句“Private universities enjoy a longer history than public ones.”（私立大学的历史比公立大学长。）可知，本段主要讲美国公立大学和私立大学不同的建校史，上文讲私立大学的历史比公立大学长，可得出作者在此处会进行进一步举例说明，解释为什么私立大学建校历史更悠久，只有G项符合建校史的内容，承接上文，G选项“例如，普林斯顿大学是历史最悠久的常春藤盟校之一，成立于1746年。”切题。故选G项。
【点睛】
21．C
22．B
23．A
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．A
35．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了勤奋的年轻人因忽略磨斧的重要性，日复一日机械地工作，导致效率渐低的故事。它告诉我们在日常生活中花时间去“磨斧”，生活才能够高效有质量地前进。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从前，一个非常强壮的樵夫在一家木材商那里想要找份工作，他得到了这份工作。A. called打电话；B. paid支付；C. hunted寻找，狩猎；D. waited等待。结合后文“for a job in a wood merchant and he got it”指樵夫想要在木材商人那里找份工作，hunt for“寻找”。故选C。
22．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工资非常高，工作条件也很好。A. health健康；B. work工作；C. nature自然；D. environment环境。结合上文“The pay was really good and so was the”可知本句是在描述这份工作的工资待遇和工作条件。故选B。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于这些原因，樵夫决定尽他最大的努力工作。A. determined决定；B. attracted吸引；C. adapted适应；D. supposed认为。根据后文“to do his best”可推断，因为这份工资各方面条件不错，所以樵夫决定好好工作。be determined to do sth.“决心做某事”。故选A。
24．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一天，樵夫带来了18棵树，都是他自己砍倒的。A. put away放好；B. cut down砍倒；C. brought back带回来；D. cut up切碎。结合上文“the woodcutter brought 18 trees”指砍倒了18棵树，应用cut down。故选B。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被老板的话深深打动了的樵夫，第二天更加努力了，但他只带回了15棵树。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. inspired鼓舞人心的；D. puzzled困惑的。结合上文““Congratulations!” the boss said, “Go on that way!””以及后文“the woodcutter tried harder the next day”可知老板的话鼓舞了樵夫，他第二更加努力了。故选C。
26．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：第三天，他更努力了，但他只能带回10棵树。A. stronger更强的；B. faster更快的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. harder更努力的。对应上文“the woodcutter tried harder the next day”指樵夫第三天比之前更加努力砍树。故选D。
27．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：樵夫想：“我一定是体力不行了。”A. heart心；B. strength体力，力量；C. way方法；D. function功能。结合上文“Day after day he was bringing less and less trees.”可知樵夫砍的树越来越少，因此这种情况下他猜测是不是自己体力不行了，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去找老板说对不起，并补充说他不明白是怎么回事。A. thanks感谢；B. goodbye再见；C. sorry对不起；D. nothing没有什么。结合上文“He went to the boss and said”可知砍树越来越少的樵夫去找老板说对不起。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你上次磨斧头是什么时候？”老板问。A. repaired修理；B. sharpened锐化，磨快；C. cleaned清理；D. used使用。此次对应后文中“sharpen the “axe””指磨斧头，应用sharpen。故选B。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生活也是这样。A. lives生活；B. dreams梦想；C. hobbies爱好；D. jobs工作。根据后文“to sharpen the “axe” in life”可知将故事与生活相比，道理是一样的。故选A。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我们太忙了，以至于没有花时间去磨生活的“斧头”。A. waste浪费；B. take带走，花费；C. make制作；D. kill杀死。根据后文“time to sharpen the “axe” in life”指花时间做某事，短语为take time to do sth.。故选B。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎每个人都比以前更忙，但却没有以前快乐。A. positive积极的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. active活跃的；D. happy快乐的。结合上文“It seems that everyone is busier than ever, but less”可知but表示转折，说明虽然越来越忙，但是却没有以前快乐。故选D。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：是不是我们已经忘记了如何保持“锋利”？A. look看起来；B. feel感觉；C. stay保持，停留；D. turn转弯。结合上文可知，生活的斧头也是需要去“磨”的，这样我们才能保持“锋利”，stay符合语境。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们都需要花些时间来放松、思考和冥想，学习和成长。A. grow成长；B. perform表演；C. compete竞争；D. apply应用。结合上文“we all need to spare some time to relax, to think and meditate ”可知，指花时间来放松、思考和冥想，学习和成长。故选A。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不花时间去磨“斧头”，我们就会变得迟钝，失去我们的效力。A. interest兴趣；B. activeness积极性；C. attractiveness吸引力；D. effectiveness效力。结合上文“If we don't take the time to sharpen the “axe”, we will become dull”以及樵夫不磨斧头导致砍树越来越少，可知此处想表达的是如果我们不花时间去磨“斧头”，我们就会变得迟钝，失去我们的效力。故选D。
36．has been seen
37．extremely
38．willing
39．But
40．when
41．what
42．walks
43．controlled
44．who
45．and
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国共产党的领导下，我国日益强大。特别是新冠肺炎疫情在全球迅速爆发，我国社会主义制度优势再次显现。
36．
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的40年里，中国的力量有目共睹。根据时间状语In the past 40 years可知，用现在完成时。主语the power of China与see之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是单数，所以用has。故填has been seen。
37．
考查副词。句意：在中国共产党的领导下，我国从一个极其贫穷的国家，包括经济、军事和科学技术，发展成为世界上最强大的国家之一。修饰形容词poor，前用副词作状语。故填extremely。
38．
考查形容词。句意：随着我国的快速发展，一些西方国家特别是美国不愿意看到一个强大的中国，所以他们在国际社会上给中国制造了方方面面的麻烦。be willing to do sth.情愿做某事。故填willing。
39．
考查连词。句意：但是我们的国家现在已经不是以前的样子了，我们永远不会屈服于任何压力。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用连词but。故填But。
40．
考查定语从句。句意：2020年，新冠肺炎疫情在全球迅速爆发，我国社会主义制度优势再次显现。句中先行词为2020，在非限定性定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
41．
考查疑问词。句意：不幸的是，当时许多西方国家都在思考该怎么做，而中国的各行各业的人都在共同努力采取行动。 “疑问词+动词不定式”结构做动词的宾语。根据句意，用疑问词what。故填what。
42．
考查名词。句意：不幸的是，当时许多西方国家都在思考该怎么做，而中国的各行各业的人都在共同努力采取行动。walks of life各行各业。故填walks。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这样我们就能迅速控制疫情，开始恢复我们的经济。句中宾语epidemic与补足语control之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填controlled。
44．
考查定语从句。句意：在这一时期，许多像钟南山、李兰娟这样不顾个人安危的英雄，成为了“最美丽的逆行者”。句中先行词为heroes，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
45．
考查连词。句意：我们为他们感到骄傲，我们也为我们的国家感到骄傲。前后句之间为并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。
46．Dear Peter,
How is everything going? I am delighted that you are fascinated by Chinese food culture. Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.
During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion. As a native of Hubei, I highly recommend you to get a taste of hot and dry noodles, a famous and popular breakfast here.
Wish you have a good time here!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Peter写一封邮件介绍湖北的春节习俗和推荐家乡菜。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 简单介绍春节饮食习俗；
2. 推荐一道你家乡的特色菜；
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be delighted; be fascinated by; Chinese food culture; schedule; suggestion; custom; mean; family reunion; native; highly recommend; get a taste of; famous; popular
第三步：连词成句
1. I am delighted that you are fascinated by Chinese food culture.
2.Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.
3.During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion.
4.As a native of Hubei, I highly recommend you to get a taste of hot and dry noodles, a famous and popular breakfast here.
5.Wish you have a good time here!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Secondly, Thirdly. (供参考)
2.表并列补充关系：Additionally, moreover. (供参考)
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but. (供参考)
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result(供参考)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Knowing that you are scheduled to visit Hubei Province during Chinese New Year, I am writing to give you some suggestions.(使用that 引导宾语从句。)
[高分句型2] During Chinese New Year, Chinese people have the custom of dining on tangyuan, which means family reunion. (使用which引导非限定性定语从句。)
47．Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth(厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face. She shouted at me with anger, “If you don’t want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it. This is the best powder from my mum! “Before I could say a word, Janet dashed out, leaving me dumb with deep regret. But soon I clenched my fingers and made up my mind to find Janet and say sorry to her. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason. I was not a mean girl by judging people’s presents. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. Hearing my sincere words, Janet calmed herself down after constant sobs and said, “True friendship comes from genuine care and love for each other. I think that’s our teacher’s intention of this ‘secret friend’ assignment”. That day, I learned to cherish real friendship.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了老师布置了“密友”的作业，所有同学都收到了很酷的礼物但作者没有，于是作者和其他同学一起在洗手间嘲笑那个糟糕的礼物，却被送礼物的同学听到。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我看到我的同学珍妮特从厕所隔间里走出来，泪流满面。”可知，第一段可描写珍妮特听到作者对自己送的礼物嘲笑，并感到十分伤心。
②由第二段首句内容“我一边道歉，一边解释了原因。”可知，第二段可描写作者向珍妮特道歉的具体行为。
2.续写线索：生气——冲出去——后悔——道歉——解释——明白作业目的
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 嘲笑：make fun of/langht at
② 哑口无言： cats got one's tongue/at a loss for words
③ 冲出去：rush out/dash out
情绪类
① 生气：get angry/be burned up
② 后悔：in remorse/with regret
③ 抱怨：cry out/find fault with
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. If you don't want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it.（由连词if引导条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.（现在分词短语作伴随状语从句）
[高分句型3]. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. （用关系副词 why 引导定语从句，先行词是the reason 且在定语从句中作原因状语；that引导表语从句。）
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