2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分类汇编专题12特殊句式含解析

专题12 特殊句式I、2021年高考真题（2021·全国甲卷·语法填空·T3） It is possible      3      (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【答案】 to walk 【解析】考查形式主语句，本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式。非谓语动词to do做真正主语，it做形式主语。故填 to walk 。 （2021·全国乙卷·短文改错）I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.【答案】tidying→tidy【解析】考查并列结构。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。 （2021·全国乙卷·短文改错）That's our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!【答案】把hopes改为hope【解析】考查省略句。分析题目可知，此处表示(I) hope this can inspire…，故hope应用动词原形形式。故把hopes改为hope。   II、2021年高考模拟试题  （2021·河东区二模·单项填空·T10）— English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?   —Yes. ____ more words and expressions, and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Known B. Knowing C. To know D. Know【答案】D【解析】考查祈使句+and句型。句意：——英语的词汇量很大，不是吗？——是的。掌握更多的词汇和短语，你将会发现阅读和交流变得很容易。祈使句+and+含将来时的句子，该句型表示条件，相当于if条件句，原句可改写为If you know more..., you will find it...，故选D。 （2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T9）_____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having knownC. Knowing D. Being known【答案】C【解析】考查动名词作主语。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。 （2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T13）It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.A. why B. that C. how D. when【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。句意：人们认为，孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型：It is believed that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。 （2021·南开中学5月模拟·单项填空·T14）Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprising B. to surprise C. being surprised D. surprised【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：教授见到我们虽然很惊讶，但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be surprised to do，对做某事很惊讶，在though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，本句完整形式为：Though he was surprised to see us，相当于省略了he was，故选D。 （2021·天津芦台一中六模·单项填空·T10）I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ________ you can get your passport.A. since B. tillC. after D. before【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型及状语从句连词。句意：真是对不起让你等了这么久，可还要一段时间以后你才能够拿到你的护照。A. since自从；既然；B. till直到……才；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。固定句型“It be+一段时间+before 从句”表示“一段时间以后某事才发生”。本句考查的正是这个句型。故D项正确。 （2021·天津芦台一中六模·单项填空·T15）He doesn’t think that the plan is practical, _____?A. does he B. doesn’t he C. is it D. isn’t it【答案】C【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：他认为这个计划不切实际，是吗？A. does he他是吗；B. doesn’t he 他不是吗；C. is it它是吗；D. isn’t it它不是吗。分析可知，句子句式属于“I(we) don’t think +that从句”，在该句式中，从句为否定意义，反意疑问句部分的系动词/助动词/情态动词和主语要与that从句保持一致且用肯定式，因此在本题中，反意疑问句应是与从句中的系动词“is”保持一致，主语与“the plan”保持一致，用第三人称单数“it”代替，故反意疑问句为：is it。故选C项。 （2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T4）China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。 （2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T11）When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities.A. being compared B. comparingC. Compared D. having been compared【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句省略。句意：当比较不同的文化的时候，我们通常总注意到它们之间的区别而没有注意到它们之间的相似之处。当从句省略主语的时候，暗指的主语必须和主句的主语一致，“When ” 后没有主语，所以它暗指的主语必须是后面主句的主语，就是“'we”，也就是说从句里的compare 的主语是we，表示“我们在比较”, compare与句子we构成主动关系，使用动词的现在分词，且与主句主语pay attention to同时发生，用一般式。A项是被动式；C项是过去分词，D项是完成被动式，均表示被动。故B项正确。 （2021·天津杨村一中一模·单项填空·T12）In any unsafe situation, simply ________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press B. to pressC. pressing D. pressed【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。 （2021·天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试·单项填空·T14）I wish I ________ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friend's birthday party.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. were watching【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词。故选B项。 （2021·天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试·单项填空·T15）It was only after experiencing the failure________ he began to train seriously and he won the championship in the 400-metcr freestyle a year later.A. when B. whether C. that D. which【答案】C【解析】考查强调句。句意：在经历了失败后，他开始认真训练，并在一年后赢得了400米自由泳冠军。分析句子可知，该句去掉It was和设空处仍然是完整的句子，由此可知此处考查该强调句，结构为：It is + 被强调部分 + that/who（强调人时可用who）...，该句被强调部分为状语，只能用that。故选C项。 （2021·东北三校二模·短文改错）Nervous although I was, I explained the reasons why I dreamed of being grade president.【答案】although→though/as【解析】考查倒装句。句意：虽然我很紧张，但我解释了我为什么梦想成为年级主席的原因。本句为倒装句，although不能引导倒装句。故although改成though/as。 （2021·齐齐哈尔市二模·短文改错）Ordinarily as they are, they are truly my best teachers and I am very proud of them.【答案】Ordinarily→Ordinary【解析】考查倒装句和形容词。句意：尽管他们很普通，但他们确实是我最好的老师，我为他们感到骄傲。as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时，句子使用部分倒装，此处需用形容词作表语。故将Ordinarily改为Ordinary。  （2021•大港一中入学模拟•单项填空•T7）It soon became widely known ________ the attempt to save girl had failed.A. that B. what C. who D. which【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句引导词。句意：营救那个女孩的努力失败了，这事很快就传开了。分析可知，“It”为形式主语，“________ the attempt to save girl had failed”应是句子的真正主语，即，主语从句，从句中句子结构完整，句意完整，应用that引导。故选A项。 （2021•汉沽六中一摸•单项填空•T12）No  matter  where  he  is,  he  makes  ________  a  rule  to  go  for  a  walk  before  breakfast.A. him B. thisC. that D. it【答案】D【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：不管他在哪儿，早餐前都要去散步，这是他的惯例。句中it用作形式宾语，不定式短语“to go for a walk before breakfast”是真正的宾语，故选D项。 （2021•和平区期中模拟•单项填空•T9）People take it for granted _______ there’s always time and opportunity to teach and learn all that they want to share and know.A. why B. what C. that D. how【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。句意：人们理所当然地认为，总会有时间和机会去教授和学习他们想要分享和知道的东西。此处为固定句型“take it for granted that…”，表示“认为……理所当然”，it为形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。故选C。 （2021•红桥区期中模拟•单项填空•T11）The shocking news made me realize _____________ terrible problems we would face.A. that B. howC. why D. what【答案】D【解析】考查感叹句转化的宾语从句。句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合语意可知，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句，what后接名词或者名词短语，故选D。 （2021•静海区四校12月模拟•单项填空•T11）We had just finished our dinner, ______someone knock the door violently.A. while B. when C. since D. now that【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。句意：我们刚吃完晚饭，突然有人使劲敲门。根据句意可知，此处为固定句型had done...when...“刚做完某事（突然）就......”，此处when是一个并列连词。故选B。 （2021•静海区一中1月模拟•单项填空•T12）--- How long will it be ________ your brother attends university?--- Half a month.A. since B. before C. until D. when【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。句意：——还要多久你弟弟才上大学？——半个月。A. since 自从，因为；B. before 在......之前；C. until直到；D. when当。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型：It will be + 时间段+ before“还要......才......”。故选B。 （2021•南开区3月模拟•单项填空•T15）Mrs. Green doesn’t believe that her son is able to design automobiles,      ?A. is he B. isn’t he C. doesn’t she D. does she【答案】D【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：格林太太不相信她的儿子会设计汽车，是吗？根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为反意疑问句，如果陈述句部分为肯定句，疑问部分应用否定形式，如果陈述句部分为否定句，疑问部分应用肯定形式，陈述句部分为that引导的宾语从句，根据主句中“doesn’t believe”可知，陈述句部分为否定句，故疑问部分应用肯定形式，陈述句中由助动词“doesn’t”构成否定，故疑问部分应用does，主句主语为“Mrs. Green”，意为“格林太太”，为女性，应用人称代词she代替。故选D项。 （2021•南开区期中模拟•单项填空•T12）Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, ________ she?A. had B. didC. hadn't D. didn't【答案】D【解析】考查反义疑问句。本句中had是have的过去式，是一个行为动词，使用助动词didn’t构成反义疑问句。句意：Sarah前天把洗衣机修好了，不是吗？故D项正确。  （2021•南开中学二模•单项填空•T12）I feel it is you as well as your wife that ______ for your son's bad performance at school.A. are to blame B. is to be blamedC. are to be blamed D. is to be blamed【答案】A【解析】考查强调句中的主谓一致。句意：你儿子在学校成绩不好，我觉得你和你妻子都应该受到责备。as well as连接两个并列主语，谓语动词要和前一主语保持一致，因此be动词用are；动词blame不用被动语态，常用be to blame主动式表被动意义。故选A项。 （2021•塘沽一中一模•单项填空•T2）Catherine, ____ the alarm clock for 6 o’clock, or you would oversleep and be late for the train.A. setting B. sets C. set D. to set【答案】C【解析】考查祈使句。句意：凯瑟琳，把闹钟定到6点，否则你会睡过头，火车就赶不上了。分析句子并结合句意可知此处为“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，用动词原形，故选Ｃ。 （2021•塘沽一中一模•单项填空•T13）I wonder when it was_______ you came to realize ________his words meant.A. that; what B. what; that C. what; what D. that; which【答案】A【解析】考查强调句及宾语从句。句意：我想知道究竟是什么时候你意识到他所说的话的真正意思是什么。本句是一个多重复合句。I wonder后是when引导的强调句式的特殊疑问句，可以复原为“It was (when) that you came to realize…”以协助理解，所以空一用强调句的引导词that；及物动词realize后接宾语从句，该从句中动词meant后的宾语缺失，即空二应填入能充当meant宾语的疑问词来引导宾语从句，结构为meant sth.(what)，故what正确。故选A。 （2021•塘沽一中一模•单项填空•T14）Only when _______ be possible to sign the papers.A. does the lawyer come with it B. the lawyer comes will itC. has the lawyer come it will D. the lawyer comes it will【答案】B【解析】考查倒装。句意：只有律师来了才有可能在文件上签字。only + 状语从句位于句首，主句要进行部分倒装，从句不倒装。故选B。 （2021•天津大港一中三模•单项填空•T6）I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A. was driving B. have drivenC. would drive D. drove【答案】A【解析】考查固定句型和过去进行时。句意：我正开着车去伦敦的路上，这时我发现走错路了。be doing sth when 结构表示“正在做某事，这时…”。为固定句型。根据时态一致原则，可知这里用过去进行时，故选A。 （2021•天津市河西区期末模拟•单项填空•T14）        , I believe, and you will find Tom is outgoing.A. Having a talk with the student B. One talk with the studentC. Given a talk with the student D. If you have a talk with the student【答案】B【解析】考查特殊句式。句意: 和学生谈一谈, 我相信你会发现汤姆非常友好。本题是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构, 前面的祈使句也可以是名词(短语), 故选B。 （2021•天津市红桥区期中模拟•单项填空•T11）The shocking news made me realize _____________ terrible problems we would face.A. that B. howC. why D. what【答案】D【解析】考查感叹句。句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合语意可知，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句，what后接名词或者名词短语，故选D。 （2021•天津市六校期末模拟•单项填空•T4）This discovery helped researchers conclude that these two drugs, when ___ together, could lead to heart disease.A taken B. taking C. to take D. having taken【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词和省略。句意：这一发现帮助研究人员得出结论，当这两种药物同时服用时，可能会导致心脏病。分析句子结构可知，空处省略主语the two drags，此处表示药被服用，所以空处需用一般现在时的被动语态：are taken，此处when引导的时间状语从句，主语与宾语从句主句一致，且含有be动词，所以此处be动词和主语被省略，所以可能从需用过去分词taken，故选A。（2021•天津一中二模•单项填空•T6）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after【答案】C【解析】考查强调句。句意：巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初期他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until连用，It be not until that …。故选C项。注：not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如：Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.直到 1998 年他才回到家乡。注意：当not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为：It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown. （2021•天津一中二模•单项填空•T10）—How long do you think it will be _____ we totally control the pandemic?—Hard to say, but COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech is reportedly more than 90 percent effective.A. before B. when C. until D. since【答案】A【解析】考查固定句型。句意：——你认为我们要多久才能完全控制这一流行病？——很难说，但据报道，辉瑞公司和BioNTech公司开发的COVID-19疫苗的有效性超过90%。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. since自从。此处为句型“it will be+一段时间+before”，表示“还要多久才……”。故选A。  （2021•天津一中零模•单项填空•T2）Fanny asked ________ made that odd­looking little cat so popular.A. what was it that B. wat was thatC. what it was that D. what that was【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。根据句意，他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句作 asked的宾语，从句中缺少表语，所以应用 what 引导。又因为从句中包含一个强调句，所以应用 “it is (was) ... that + 其他” 的结构，强调宾语从句的主语 what，故此处应为 what it was that。故正确答案为C。 （2021•天津一中一模•单项填空•T12）The manner _________ a telephone is answered gives the image of the organization, so _______ polite and pleasant when answering the telephone.A. in which; be B. where; be C. which; being D. in which; being【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句和祈使句。句意：接听电话的方式会给人留下公司的印象，所以接听电话时要礼貌、愉快。分析句子结构，so为连词，第二空所在的句子缺少主句的谓语动词，排除C项和D项；第一空，in a manner为固定用法，设空处引导定语从句，先行词在定语从句中作方式状语，需用in which引导。故选A。 （2021•天津一中一模•单项填空•T13）In my opinion, all Mr. White ________ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study.A. does does does B. does do do C. does does do D. does do does【答案】C【解析】考查谓语动词和助动词。句意：在我看来，目前怀特先生所做的一切对他班上的学生都是有益的。他对他们的学习很严格。分析句子可知，Mr. White does为定语从句，修饰all；主语为all Mr. White does，后面的does do是谓语动词的强调形式。故选C项。 （2021•天津中学一模•单项填空•T12）Never before ____________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A. had she B. she hadC. has she D. she has【答案】C【解析】考查倒装。句意：在那以前，她从来没有看到一个人可能和Robert一样打乒乓球打得那么好。否定词never放在句首，主句要部分倒装，B、D排除，又因为是过去的情况对现在造成的影响，所以为现在完成时，是第三人称所以用has，所以用现在完成时，排除A，故选C。 （2021•兰州市三诊•短文改错）They are many after-school activities in my school.【答案】They→There【解析】考查there be句型。句意：我们学校有许多课外活动。根据句意可知，此处用there be存在句，表示“有”，they are表示“他们是”。故将They改为There。 （2021•淮南市一模•短文改错）Second, if time permits, it does them good to take them to travel. Traveling is a good way for them to get relaxed and enjoyed the beautiful scenery outdoors.【答案】enjoyed → enjoy【解析】考查并列结构。句意：旅游对他们来说是一种放松和欣赏户外美景的好方法。and表并列，and前面用动词不定式短语to get relaxed，后面也用动词不定式（to do），to可省略，enjoy用动词原形形式。故将enjoyed改为enjoy。 （2021•桂林市二模•短文改错）After arriving home, it occurred him that he could make a bag by using his old trousers.【答案】occurred后加to【解析】考查固定句式。句意：到家后，他突然想到，他可以用他的旧裤子做一个袋子。固定句式：It occurred to sb. that...，意为“某人突然想起......”。故在occurred后加to。