2021-2022学年河北省衡水市第二中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2021-2022学年河北省衡水市第二中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含答案，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， Wh might Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河北省衡水市第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试
英语试题

（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
l. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项；并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题：每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a department store.
2. What does the woman want to do?
A. Open the window. B. Open the door. C. Let the man in
3. How did the woman read the book?
A. By covering it in detail.
B. By scanning the first few pages
C. By looking through the interesting part.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A lightweight shirt B. Things to wear. C. The warm weather.
5. What does the man think of the drums?
A. Wonderful. B. Noisy C. Annoying
第二节（共15小题：每小题l.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What's the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student
7. What happened to the man?
A. He was out of work.
B. He was worried about his final exam
C. He failed his final exam in his second year of college.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon C. In the evening
9. Who might Mr. Brown be?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A student
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many children do the woman have?
A. Only a daughter. B. A son and a daughter. C. Two sons
11. Where does the man's sister live now?
A. In Seattle. B. In California C. In Washington
12. What might happen next year?
A. The man will go and see his sister.
B. The man's sister. will buy another farm.
C. The man's sister will move her home
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How long has the woman lived in her building?
A. For a few years B. For a few months. C. For a few weeks.
14. Why is the man leaving?
A. He got a job offer
B. His landlord asked him to leave.
C. He is going to study in New Zealand
15. When will the woman likely move into the man's apartment?
A. In November. B. In April C. In January.
16. What does the man imply about his landlord?
A. He's unfair B. He's mean C. He's easy-going
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did Rob arrive at Quebec?
A. Late Friday evening B. Late Friday afternoon C. Early Saturday morning
18. How many people were there in the landlady's family?
A. Two. B. Three C. Four.
19. Whom was the empty chair for?
A. Rob B. Mrs Doone C. Mr. Doone
20. What do we know about Catherine?
A. Her father was dead B. She was very naughty. C. She was fourteen years old
第二部分阅读（共两节、满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分、满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项；并在答随卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
The world's craziest festivals
Crazy festivals all over the world are out there just waiting to be celebrated. Join Cornelia Kumfert on a trip to the most unusual events taking place around the globe.
Burning Man Festival
Every year in Nevada（US）there is artwork and cunosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.
In August and September, some 70,00 people come here to celetrate the Burning Man Festival.
San Diego Comic Con
Surely superheroes don't queue? Well, at San Diego's Comic Convention they do. Each July hey open their dos to fans of Superman and other comic figures. More than 100,000 annual visitors have paid homage to their mythical heroes.
Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo
At the Crying Baby Festival in Tokyo（Japan）, sumo wrestlers do what they can to bring babies to tears.
Sadists run riot? Certainly not! It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb, which says that crying babies grow fastest and parents believe the event brings good health to their children.
Palio Contest, Siena
Fame and honour await the winner of the Palio contest in Siena（Italy）.
In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse race.
The trophy goes to the contestant whose horse crosses the finishing line first—whether he's still in the saddle or not.
21. Which of the festivals offers a view of art?
A. Burning Man Festival. B. Palio Contest, Siena.
C. Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo. D. San Diego Comic Con.
22. How was the festival in Tokyo founded?
A. On the basis of a proverb. B. Based on a phrase.
C. According to a story. D. At the request of the public.
23. What can tourists see in Siena of Italy between July and August?
A. A burning man show. B. A comedy play. C. A horse race. D. A baby-crying show.
B
"Have you checked the oil in the car?" my father used to say to me, his way of "Hello, hope you are well." Sometimes our phone calls would begin with a question about the oil and end with a question about the oil, with not a lot in between.
Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it's often offered by means of practical advice. In my experience: It's mostly about my car. "How's the car running?" "Did you get it serviced?" My car—an old green Toyota Corona bought for $500—was where my father showed his love.
Why can't we fathers just say "I love you" or "It's great to see you"? The point is: that's exactly what we are saying. You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish. Listen closely enough and the phrase "I love you" can be heard in the slightly longer "I could come around Saturday and repair your chair." The words "You made my life better from the moment you were born" may be hardly heard, but the main meaning is there in the more common "I'll hold the ladder while you get the leaves down from the roof."
When I was 17, I went on my first road trip—a friend and I in that old car. My father stood on the corner on a cold morning to say goodbye. "Highways are dangerous," he said, "so don't try overtaking anything faster than a horse and buggy. And take a break every two hours. And every time you stop for gas, you really should check the oil." At the time we thought his speech was pretty funny and would sing "horse-and-buggy" every time I tried to overtake some other speeding cars.
Dad's long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that had I owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary, I'd have understood that the speech my friend and I so carelessly laughed at was simply Dad's attempt at love.
24. Why did the author's father often ask about the car?
A. To show his love for the car. B. To see if there is enough oil.
C. To express his care to his son. D. To check the condition of the car.
25. Which of the following sentences is an example of Fatherlish?
A. I love you deeply. B. It's great to see you.
C. You made my life better. D. I' can check the oil for you.
26. What does the underlined word "overtaking" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Outrunning. B. Approaching C. Crashing into. D. Knocking over.
27. What can be inferred about the author in the last paragraph?
A. He wanted to own a dictionary. B. He regrets his childish behavior.
C. He is sad about his father's death. D. He realized his father's love then.
C
Sharks may be able to smell blood from miles away, but they probably don't know how red it is. It is likely that they only see the world in black and white according to a study that is the first to look into sharks' visual systems.
A team at the University of Western Australia studied the visual systems of many different species of sharks and what they have found is diversity in eye design that mirrors the ecological and behavioral diversity of the shark species. The team looked at the retinal cells of 17 species of sharks caught from Queensland and Western Australia and found out that the cells are responsible for sharks' color blindness.
According to the study, these animals are color-blind due to the light receptors they have got in their eyes. There are two main types of light-sensitive ceils to allow animals to see: rod cells help measure brightness because they are highly sensitive to light and allow night vision but cannot tell colors apart, while various types of cone cells help distinguish colors. They looked at the structure of sharks' rod and cone cells in the retina. Human eyes come with red, green and blue cone variations, while sharks appear to have just one kind of cone cell.
The study suggests that contrast against the background, rather than color itself, might be more important for object detection by sharks. Costumes that camouflage swimmers' bodies in sea water are less likely to draw a shark's attention than ones with bright, solid colors that emphasize their outline. "It's the high contrast against the water rather than the color itself which is probably attractive to sharks," said Professor Nathan Hart who led the study.
28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. Stressing the importance of the study.
B. Showing the features of sharks' eye design.
C. Giving the process and the result of the study.
D. Telling the functions of sharks' visual systems.
29. What leads to sharks' blindness to color according to Paragraph 3?
A. Their less sensitive rod cells. B. Their lack of various cone cells.
C. Their inability to tell apart colors. D. Their strong sensitivity to brightness.
30. What can be inferred in the last paragraph?
A. The color plays a key part in sharks' detecting objects.
B. You should make your outline stand out in the sea for your safety.
C. You should be dressed in bright color to avoid sharks' attention in the sea.
D. Sharks are more interested in sharp contrast against the water rather than your body.
31. What's the writing purpose of the text?
A. To challenge a traditional belief. B. To inform us a scientific discovery.
C. To amuse us with interesting information. D. To raise our awareness of protecting wild animals.
D
Today, plastic is used in almost everything, from shopping bags and bottles to chairs and cars. Plastic has conquered the world. But do you know how it was first made?
The first man-made plastic was created by Alexander Parkes, who introduced it at the 1862 Great International Exhibition in London. It was called Parkesine, and it was made from plant materials. Once heated, it could be molded, and it held its shape when cooled. Also, it could be made colored or transparent. However, it was too expensive to produce for common use.
In the 19th century, billiards（a game played on a cloth-covered table）was so popular that a lot of elephants were being killed for their ivory, which was used to make billiard balls. So, people tried to find a substitute. A U.S. billiard ball company offered a prize of S10, 000 to the person who could design the best substitute for natural ivory. In 1866, Joh
Wesley Hyatt created Celluloid while trying to win the prize. Although he failed to win, Celluloid was later used to make many products, including false teeth, piano keys, and ping pong balls.
In 1909, Leo Backeland created Bakelite. Made entirely of artificial materials, it was the first true plastic. It was inexpensive, and it kept its shape when heated. Soon, it was being used in many things, including electrical products and jewelry. Since then, many other plastics have been developed.
Today, most plastics are produced from non-natural materials made from petroleum. They are light, flexible, strong. and cheap. Despite all these advantages, there is one problem: plastic waste breaks down slowly and toxic chemicals can leak from it. Therefore, people are trying to develop less harmful plastics.
32. How did Parkesine differ from other plastics motioned in the text?
A. It was popularly used. B. It was flexible and cheap.
C. It could break down quickly. D. It was made from plant materials.
33. What can we know from the passage?
A. Plastics could be easily got from plants.
B. Bakelite could be heated without changing shape.
C. Plastics made from petroleum have few advantages. u
D. Celluloid was used to make billiard balls in the 19t century.
34. What can be mostly talked about following the last paragraph?
A. The disadvantages of plastic. B. Different products made from plastic.
C. A chemist studying the history of plastic. D. The kind of eco-friendly materials to make plastic.
35. What can be the suitable title for the text?
A. How to Make Plastic B. The Inventors of Plastic
C. From Plant to Petroleum D. New materials to Make Plastic
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I did not go on my first hike until my mid-30s. I could blame it on the fact that I grew up on the Great Plains of South Dakota and North Dakota. But mostly, to be honest, I just wasn't interested. 36
I went on my first hike a few years back while living in Vernont. At the urging of my wife, and with my two young kids, we walked a beautiful forest path on a cool August morning. 37 When we reached the top, we ate lunch together overlooking a perfectly still pond and a scenic Vermont.
A few weeks ago, my 11-year-old son, my 61-year-old dad, and I hiked Camelbeack Mountain in Phoenix. 38 And later this week, my wife and daughter will join us to walk the Waterfall Trail in the White Tank Mountains. Most of our hikes only last 2 hours.
Now, just to be clear, by no means would I classify myself as an expert hiker. I love the stillness and calm of an empty path 39 But waking early on a Saturday morning to walk 3-5 miles along a forest path with lunch in the backpack is a journey I'd recommend to anyone.
40 It provides an opportunity to slow down and disconnect. And given the chance, hiking teaches us important truths about life.
A. I've fallen in love with climbing mountains.
B. I carried a small backpack with water and snacks.
C. If you can climb a mountain, you can do anything.
D. I didn't see the value and always shook my head when asked.
E. It is healthy physical exercise that creates wonderful memories.
F. And I have no plans to climb Mount Kilimanjaro or walk the Appalachian Trail.
G. Last weekend, I hiked down the Grand Canyon with my son along the South Kaibab Trail.
第三部分，语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It started 30 years ago with a squirrel. A few months after I moved into a building in downtown Manhattan, my next-door neighbor, Nicole Figaro, knocked, asking for help with a squirrel that had gotten into her apartment.
I 41 Lout the animal and made a new friend. Soon Nicole was 42 me over for dinner or 43 home-cooked food at my door. When I went to my beach house, Nicole picked up my 44 and watered my plants, and when she 45 on vacations, I did the same for her. She'd bring me wonderful 46 from far-away places, but her 47 and best wishes have been the greatest gift of all.
In 1997, I took care of my partner during his 48 days, and it was Nicole who took care of me: Years later, I 49 the favor, helping out when her husband, who was 50 needed her to take care of him for almost everything. More and more, we 51 strength and inspiration from each other.
My father 52 last January. Nicole helped my family prepare for the service. I couldn't have gotten through that day without her. The pandemic 53 then. Nicole and I 54 for groceries for each other, knowing we could get through anything together. And we will. A 55 might separate our apartments, but nothing separates our hearts.
41. A. put B. found C. scared D. handed ns
42. A. inviting B. suggesting C. permitting D. offering
43. A. buying B. making C. delivering D. leaving
44. A. friend B. mail C. phone D. conversation
45. A. worked. B. traveled C. jogged D. packed
46. A. gifts B. plants C. cakes D. toys
47. A. determination B. positivity C. ambition D. experience
48. A. best B. big C. final D. lucky
49. A. asked B. lost C. owed D. returned
50. A. sick B. worried C. disappointed D. upset
51. A. brought B. drew C. saw D. appreciated
52. A. moved out B. turned up C. passed away D. set off
53. A. postponed B. hit C. happened D. settled
54. A. looked B. voted C. fought D. shopped
55. A. A. flat B. family C. sore D. wall
第二节单词树写（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
根据给出的汉语意号，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。
56. The_____________（发生率）of side effects in the two groups had also no difference.
57. An especially_____________（猛烈的）and heavy snowstorm struck the area.
58. The minister_____________（撤回）his statement last week.
59. Having been chested ty that company, he lost all his personal_____________（个人财产）.
60. People stayed silent and listened to us. and_____________（鼓掌）at the end.
第三节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of rends in Body Mass Index（体重指数）across 200 countries the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 61 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 62 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight t is calculated by dividing a 63 （person）weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 64 （consider）healthy.
The study found that between 1935 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 65 2.1 in women and men In cities, however, the gain 66 （be）1.3 in women and 1.6 in men The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 67 （study）had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 68 （sharp）
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 69 （live）in the countryside, including 70 （low）levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
上周，你班就“双减”这一话题进行了讨论。请你根据下表提示，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。
赞成
1、作业、学习压力减小；
2、有更多的时间培养自己的兴趣爱好；
3、……
反对
1、业余时间多了，一些孩子可能会打游戏；
2、只有努力学习，才能打下更扎实的基础；
3、……
你的看法
……
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：双减 double-lightening the burden
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was a young man born in a poor family. As a result, his school career was continually interrupted. Once he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch（牧场）He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher.
Two days later, he received his paper back. On the front page was a large ted F with a note that read, "See me after class." The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked, "Why did I receive an F?". The teacher said. “This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You have no resources from your family. There's no way you could ever do it” Then the teacher added, "If you will rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal. I will reconsider your grade.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The boy went home and thought about it long and hard.


Recollecting（回忆）he story, my friend Monty and I are now sitting in his 4,000-square-foot house in the middle of a 200-acre horse ranch.



高二2021-2022学年下学期期中考试
英语学科参考答案及评分标准
听力答案：
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
A
C
B
A
C
A
B
A
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
C
A
A
C
C
A
B
C
B
阅读理解答案：
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
A
C
C
D
A
B
C
B
D
题号
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
答案
B
D
B
D
C
D
B
G
F
E
完形填空答案：
题号
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
答案
C
A
D
B
B
A
B
C
D
A
题号
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
答案
B
C
B
D
D





单词拼写答案：
56. frequency 57. violent 58. withdrew 59. possessions 60. applauded
语法填空答案：
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，世界各地的人们体重增加了，这一增长主要是因为乡村居民体重指数升高了。
61. and 【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用and连接两个并列的宾语从句，作found的宾语。故填and。
62. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是tool，关系词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
63. person's【解析】考查名词所有格。空前是a，空后是名词weight，此处表示“一个人的体重”，故用所给词的所有格形式。故填person's。
64. is considered 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表述现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时；主语a BMI表示单数意义，与consider之间是被动关系。故填is considered.
65. by考查介词。【解析】此处表示升高的幅度。故填by。
66. was【解析】考查动词时态。根据前面所用的一般过去时可知，此处同样也在描述过去的情况，故用一般过去时。故填was。
67. studied 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已经有谓语动词had了，故本空是非谓语动词作后置定语。study “研究”与被修饰词 countries是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词。故填studied。
68. sharply 【解析】考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词sharply“急剧地，大幅度地”。故填sharply.
69. living【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰前面的people， live与 people是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living.
70. lower 【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的“higher”、“fewer"可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填lower.
应用文参考范文：
Last week, our class set off a heated discussion about the "double-lightening the burden" policy. Opinions vary among different persons.
Some give it a big clap, claiming that their heavy pressure will be decreased, thus ensuring them more time to pursue their own interests. Besides, it is good for their physical and mental health.
However, others argue against it. For one thing, some may fall into the bad habit of playing games. For another, diligence will help them lay a solid foundation for their ideal universities.
As for me, we'll benefit a lot if our burden is lightened. However, we'll have to learn to keep a balance between study and relaxation. Only in this way can we prepare for a better future.
读后续写参考范文：
The boy went home and thought about it long and hard. He asked his father what he should do. His father said, "Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you." Finally, after sitting with it for a week, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, "You can keep the F and I'll keep my dream."
Recollecting（回忆）the story, my friend Monty and I are now sitting in his 4,000-square-foot house in the middle of a 200-acre horse ranch. Two summers ago that same schoolteacher brought 30 kids to camp out on his ranch. When the teacher was leaving, he said, "Look, Monty, I can tell you this now. When I was your teacher, I was something of a dream stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids' dreams. Fortunately you had enough determination not to give up on yours." Don't let anyone steal your dreams. Follow your heart, no matter what.
解析： A阅读：
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上几个最疯狂的节日的活动地点及内容。
21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Burning Man Festival 部分中"Every year in Nevada（US）there is artwork and curiosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition."可知，每年在内华达州（美国），当黑岩沙漠变成一个庞大的艺术展览时，都会有大量的艺术品和珍品让人惊叹。故选A。
22. A【解析】细节理解题。根据 Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo 部分中“It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb”（它是一个有着400年传统基于日本的一句诊语而产生的节日。）可知。故选A。
23. C【解析】细节理解题。根据 Palio Contest, Siena 部分中"In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse race. "可知。故选C.
B阅读：
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲总是爱在心，口难开。说的都是生活实际的小事，但却是对子女浓浓的爱。
24. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“'Have you checked the oil in the car?' my father used to say to me, his way of ‘Hello, hope you are well.’”可知，父亲用独有的方式表达对孩子的关心。故选C。
25. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中"Why can't we fathers just say 'I love you' or 'It's great to see you'? The point is: that's exactly what we are saying. You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish.”可知， “父亲语录”是非直接地对孩子的爱的表达，是体现在关心孩子生活各方面，实际给建议等的语言中。故选D。
26. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中"Highways are dangerous," "so don't try overtaking anything faster than a horse and buggy" "…every time I tried to overtake some other speeding cars."（高速公路很危险，所以不要尝试超过马拉车。……每次我尝试超过其他加速的车。）可知，overtake意为“跑得更快、超过”。故选A。
27. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中"I realize that had I owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary, I'd have understood that the speech my friend and I so carelessly laughed at was simply Dad's attempt at love."（我意识到如果我当时了解“父亲语录”，我就能理解到当时父亲对我说的，我和朋友嘲笑的话是父亲在尝试表达爱意。）可知，作者当时没有理解父亲的爱，感到遗憾。故选B.
C阅读：【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项有关望鱼可能是色盲的研究，该项研究分析了可能导致盗鱼色盲的原因以及游泳者如何躲避望鱼给出的建议。
28. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中"A team at the University of Western Australia studied…" "The team looked at the retinal cells…"可知，本段介绍了研究的过程以及研究得出的结论。故选C.
29. B 【解析】细节理解题，根据第三段中"Human eyes come with red, green and blue cone variations, while sharks appear to have just one kind of cone cell. "可知，人类的眼睛有红绿蓝三种视锥细胞变化，而鲨鱼只有一种视锥细胞，这是鲨鱼色盲的原因。故选B.
30. D【解析】推理判断题，根据最后一段中"It's the high contrast against the water rather than the color itself which is probably attractive to sharks，"可知，鱼感兴趣的可能不是颜色，而是和海洋有强烈对照的东西，所以游泳的时候不要穿鲜艳颜色突显轮廓的衣服，故选D。
31. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中"It is likely that they only see the world in black and white according to a study that is the first to look into sharks' visual systems，"和最后-段中"The study suggests that contrast against the background, rather than color itself, might be more important for object detection by sharks."可知，文章主要是告知我们一项研究的发现以及提出可行的建议，故选B。
D阅读：【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普说明文，文章讲解了塑料一百多年的发展历史，从最初取材于植物到现在取材于石油。
32. D【解析】细节理解题，根据第二段中"It was called Parkesine, and it was made from plant materials."和第四段中"…Bakelite. Made entirely of artificial materials…"以及第五段中"Today, most plastics are produced from non-natural materials…"可知，Parkesine与其他塑料不同之处在于它取材于天然的植物。故选D.
33. B【解析】细节理解题：根据第四段中"It（Bakelite）was inexpensive, and it kept its shape when heated.”（Bakelite价格不贵，且在加热时仍能不变形。）可知，选项B表述与其信息一致，故选B。
34. D【解析】推理判断题，根据第五段中"Therefore, people are trying to develop less harmful plastics. （因此，人们正努力研制出危害更小的塑料，）可知，后文承接的内容最有可能围绕“危害更小的塑料”进行阐述，如环保类材质，故选D。
35. C【解析】标题归纳题，根据第一段中"But do you know how it（plastic）was first made?"（你可知道塑料第一次是如何制成的?）可知，全文围绕着中心句，讲解了塑料一百多年的发展历史，从最初取材于植物到现在取材于石油，故选C。
任务型阅读： 【语篇导读】本文说明作者对徒步锻炼的态度的转变。从最开始不感兴趣，拒绝徒步，到后面和家人一起徒步，感受徒步带来的好处和乐趣。
36. D【解析】上一句提到“我”对徒步不感兴趣，因此后面接着说，“我”不明白徒步的价值，所以别人让“我”徒步的时候“我”总是摇头拒绝。故选D。
37. B【解析】本段讲述的是作者第一次的徒步经历，叙述了这个过程以及“我”在其中做了什么，故选B。
38. G【解析】本段继续讲述作者的几次徒步经历，所以句与句之间是并列关系。列举作者的徒步经历。故选G。
39. F【解析】前面提及作者认为他不是一个专业级别的徒步者，他只是喜欢山间小路的宁静祥和，打算要去攀爬乞力马扎罗山，故选F。
40. E【解析】最后一段综述徒步的好处，故选E。
完形填空：【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者与邻居相识、相知、互相扶持度过艰难时光。
41. C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项put out意为“扑灭"：B项found out意为“发现”；C项scared out为“吓走"；D项handed out为“分发”，根据前文"asking for help with a squirrel that had gotten into her apartment"，可知，作者帮邻居把跑进她公寓的松鼠吓出去。故选C。
42. A【解析】考查动词辨析、A项意为“邀请"；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“允许”；D项意为“提供”。根据下文"Nicole was…me over for dinner"，可知，邻居邀请作者到她家吃饭。故选A。
43. D【解析】考查动词辨析，A项意为“买”；B项意为“做”；C项意为“派送”；D项意为“留下”。根据后文"…home-cooked food at my door"，可知，邻居把自己做的食物放在作者门前，故选D。
44. B【解析】考查名词辨析，A项意为"朋友"；B项意为“邮件”；C项意为“电话”；D项意为“对话”。根据前文"When I went to my beach house"，可知，作者不在家的时候，邻居帮忙收邮件。故选B。
45. B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项意为“工作”；B项意为“旅行”；C项意为“慢跑”；D项意为“打包”。根据后文"…on vacations, I did the same for her."，可知，作者在邻居度假时也帮忙做同样的事，故选B。
46. A【解析】考查名词辨析。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“植物”；C项意为“蛋糕”；D项意为“玩具”。根据后文"have been the greatest gift of all"，可知，邻居会在遥远的地方给作者带礼物，故选A。
47. B【解析】考查名词辨析。A项意为“决心”；B项意为“积极”；C项意为“野心”；D项意为“经验；经历”。根据后文"and best wishes have been the greatest gift of all"，可知，作者看重的是邻居身上的正能量和美好的祝福。故选B。
48. C【解析】考查形容词解析，A项意为“最好的”；B项意为“大的”；C项意为“最后的”；D项意为“幸运的”，根据前文"I look care of my partner"，可知，作者在伴侣最后的日子照顾他，故选C。
49. D【解析】考查动词辨析，A项意为“询问”；B项意为“失去”；C项意为“欠”；D项意为“归还”。根据后文"helping out when her husband, who was 50 needed her to take care of him for almost everything"，可知，作者帮助邻居照顾她的老公，故选D.
50. A【解析】考查形容词辨析，A项意为“生病的”；B项意为“担心的”；C项意为“失望的”；D项意为“沮丧的”。根据后文"when her husband, who was 50 , needed her to take care of him for almost everything"，可知，邻居老公需要邻居照顾各方面。故选A。
51. B【解析】考查动词解析。A项意为"带来"；B项意为“吸取”；C项意为“看到”；D项意为“欣赏”。根据前文各种例子可知，作者和邻居从彼此身上汲取力量和鼓舞。故选B。
52. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析，A项意为“搬出”；B项意为“出现”；C项意为“去世”；D项意为"出发"。根据后文“I couldn't have gotten through that day without her"，可知，作者父亲去世. 故选C。
53. B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项意为“推迟”；B项意为“袭击”；C项意为“发生”；D项意为“解决”。根据前文"The pandemic"，可知，疫情爆发了。故选B。
54. D【解析】考查动词解析，A项looked for意为“寻找”；B项voted for意为“投票”；C项fought for意为“奋斗”；D项shopped for意为“购买”，根据后文“for groceries for each other”，可知，作者与邻居互相帮助购买食品。故选D。
55. D【解析】考查名词辨析。A项意为“公寓”；B项意为“家人”；C项意为“商店”；D项意为“墙壁”。根据后文"might separate our apartments"，可知，一墙之隔不能隔开相互关怀的邻里情。故选D。
听力材料：
Text 1
W: What can I do for you?
M: May I see some of your best T-shirts?
Text 2
W: Would you mind if I opened the window?
M: Of course not. It's really hot in the room. Open the window to let in fresh air.
Text 3
M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month?
W: Oh, I didn't read it straight through the way you read a novel. I just covered a few chapters that interested me most.
Text 4
W: What kinds of dress are you looking for?
M: Since it's getting warmer this time of the year, I want something lightweight. What do you think would be the best?
Text 5
M: Wow! What a great set of drums!
W: Yeah, they are great. But I can't play them when my friends are at home. They say they are noisy.
M: I get the same thing at home. My friends tell ' me that I annoy them whenever I tum up the volume on my CD player.
Text 6
M: How are you, Mrs. Brown?
W: Pretty good. How are you doing?
M: Nor so good. I was fired today.
W: I'm sorry to hear that.
M: How are your students doing?
W: They are very nervous about their final exam.
M: I remember-you gave our class a hard final test in my first year of college. Many of us failed. But I really learned a lot from you. You see, I can speak very good English.
W: Thank you for saying so.
Text 7
M: Now, can anyone tell me the main idea of the passage? Jessie, please…
W: I'm sorry.
M: You look pale, Jessie. Are you all right?
W: No, I'm not feeling well, Mr. Brown.
M: What seems to be the problem?
W: I guess I ate something bad at lunch just now.
M: And you have a stomachache now?
W: Yes, I think so.
M: Shall I send for a doctor?
W: No, it's OK. I will go to the doctor after class.
M: OK. I'll finish the class in a minute. Then I'll take you over to the clinic.
W: Thank you so much, Mr. Brown.
M: Don't mention it.
Text 8
M: What a lovely baby! Is it a boy or a girl?
W: It's my daughter. It's the first time that I've taken her to the zoo. Is that your son?
M: No. He's my nephew, my sister's second son. He came yesterday and will stay with us for two weeks. Do you have any other children?
W: Yes. My son is eleven now. He's gone to the park with his friends. Where do your sister's family live?
M: They used to live in Seattle, but last year her father-in-law died from an accident and they had to move to California to help her mother-in-law look after their farm.
W: That's far from Washington.
M: Yes. Maybe they'll sell their farm and move here next year.
w: Then you won't have to travel so long to see each other.
M: Right.
Text 9
W: I have to move out of my apartment building at the end of November. Have you heard of any other apartments in the area that might be available during that time?
M: I can check with my housekeeper. Why are you moving?
W: The owner is doing construction work on the building, and he needs everyone to leave. I'm really upset about it, actually. I've lived there for three years.
M: That doesn't seem fair. You can always stay on my couch for a few weeks if you need to.
W: Thanks.
M: I'm actually planning on moving out in April.
W: How come?
M: I got a job in New Zealand. I'm going to be working on a farm.
W: Wow. That sounds unbelievable. Can I go with you?
M: Sure!
W: I'm only joking. I wouldn't be able to leave my job. If the timing had worked out better, I could have taken your spot.
M: Yeah, too bad. You know, I'll have an extra room available in January. You'd need to find another place to stay for two months, but then you could move in.
W: Really? That would be fantastic.
M: I'll talk to my housekeeper about it. He is really nice, so as long as we keep paying our rent on time, I don't think he'll mind.
Text 10
Rob went to Quebec for the weekend. He arrived there late on Friday evening. The landlady of the guest house, Mrs. Doone, showed him to the room. Rob was very tired and went straight to bed. Next morning. Rob went downstairs for breakfast. Because there were no other guests, Mrs Doone invited him to have breakfast with her and her daughter, Catherine. She was about thirteen with long black hair and clear gray eyes. Mrs Doone went to the kitchen to prepare breakfast. Rob noticed that there were four places at the table and he asked Catherine if there was another guest. Catherine told him that it was an empty place. And it used to be her father's place. Her father had been a fisherman. Three years before he had gone out in his boat, and he had never returned. Catherine showed him her father's photo on the wall. Rob said nothing, but he looked very worried. Suddenly, he heard footsteps outside the door and a tall man with a black beard walked into the room. Rob looked terrified. It was the man in the photo. He jumped up and ran out of the room. The man asked, "What's the matter?" Catherine said, "I don't know." "Catherine," the man said, "Have you been telling stories again?" "Stories, father? Me?" the girl laughed.