2022年中考英语语法代词专项讲解与练习(不定代词)

这是一份2022年中考英语语法代词专项讲解与练习(不定代词)，共6页。试卷主要包含了 什么是不定代词？， ther家族， 复合不定代词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

不定代词
1. 什么是不定代词？
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。如：sme, every, many等。
2. ne/anther/the ther
(1)一定范围内两人(物)，一个用ne，另一个用the ther。
Eg：I have tw hands. One is left hand, and the ther is right hand.
(2) 一定范围内三者或三者以上 ，泛指另一个用anther。
Eg: This kind f cake is very delicius. I want anther.
Exercise 1
1.Rbert has gne t _____ city and he’ll be back in a week.
A. therB. the therC. antherD. any ther
2.– What d yur parents d?
-- One is a teacher；_____ is a driver.
A. therB. antherC. the therD. that ne
Key:B C
3. ther家族
(1) ther 泛指别的,后面必须接名词。
Eg: I have t g nw. I have ther things t d.
(2 ) thers 泛指别的，后面不能加名词，常用句式：sme…, thers…, thers…。
Eg: We shuld care abut thers instead f nly urselves.
There are many peple in the park. Sme are singing, thers are dancing, and thers are ding mrning exercise.
(3) the ther 两者中的另一个，常用句式：ne…the ther…
He has tw brthers. One is 18 and the ther is 15.
(4) the thers 指剩余的全部，只能指可数名词，指不可数名词应用the rest。常用句式：sme…the thers…
Eg: There are 32 students in ur class, but there is nly ne student in the classrm. The thers are n the playgrund.
There are 32 students in ur class. Sme are in the classrm. The thers are n the playgrund.
Exercise 2
1.-- Is this yur she?
-- Yes，but where is ____?
A. the ther neB. ther neC. anther neD. the thers
2.Her lecture was hard t fllw because she kept jumping frm ne subject t ___.
A. the therB. thersC. the thersD. anther
3.If yu want a duble rm that will cst ____ ￡15.
A. therB. antherC. the therD. thers
4.He was hlding the wheel with ne hand and waving with ____.
A. thersB. the therC. antherD. the thers
Key:ADBB
4. bth, either, neither, all, any, nne
注意：
all与nne用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。
如：All f the students are there. 所有的学生都在那里。
All (f) the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那里。
bth之后加名词的复数形式+谓语动词原形。与“f +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。
all 既可以加名词的复数形式，也可以加不可数名词，谓语动词的单复数由名词决定。
neither / nne f +名词的复数形式+谓语动词三单。
neither……nr…..或either ……r…..用就近原则。
Exercise 3
1._____________like music.
A. Bth f themB. Bth f theyC. The bth girlsD. Bth them
2.__ f the teachers are k in ur schl.
A. EveryB. EachC. EitherD. All
3.Which wuld yu like, sir, tea r cffee? I dn’t mind. ____is k.
A. EitherB. NeitherC. AnyD. Bth
4.On ___ side f the river there’re many tall trees.
A. everyB. allC. bthD. each
5.The ld man has tw sns, but ___ f them lives with him.
A. bthB. nneC. neitherD. all
6.When shall we meet again? _______day is OK.
A. eitherB. neitherC. nneD. any
7.Which f the tw bks will yu buy? I’ll buy _________, s I can give ne t Je.
A. eitherB. neitherC. allD. bth
Key:ADADC DD
5. sme, any
sme 一些，可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。
(1)在肯定句中用sme。
(2)sme肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。
Wuld yu like句式中，表委婉请求或建议。
Wuld yu like sme cffee?
any 一些
any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有“任何”的意思时，any可用于肯定句。
如：Here are three nvels. Yu may read any. 这有三本小说，你可任读一本。
Exercise 4
1.---Wuld yu like ___ cffee?
---Yes, I’d like _______.
A. any, anyB. sme, smeC. sme, anyD. any, sme
2.There isn’t ___ paper here. Will yu g and get ____fr me?
A. any, anyB. any, smeC. much, manyD. many, much
3.There isn’t ______ water in the cup.
A. anyB. manyC. smeD. the
Key:BBA
6. few, little, a few, a little
例如：
He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。
There is little time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。
Exercise 5
1.He is nt a kind- hearted man, ____ peple can get n well with him.
A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little
2.Thugh they had cleaned the dr, there was still _____ water n it.
A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few
3.We have _____ sugar. Really? Let’s g and buy sme.
A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little
4.There is ____ meat at hme. Wuld yu please g and buy______?
A. sme, a littleB. a little, anyC. little, smeD. little, any
5.What d yu usually have fr breakfast? ___ milk and ______ eggs.
A. Little, a littleB. A few, fewC. A little, a fewD. A few, a little
6.I bught ___ exercise bks with _____ mney.
A. a few, a fewB. a few, a littleC. a little, a fewD. a little, a little
7.Wuld yu like sme tea? Yes, just _____.
A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little
Key:ABCCC BC
7. Many，much
many，much前可有s, t, hw等词进行修饰。
如：There are t many mistakes in yur diary.
S many peple are waiting fr the bus.
Srry, I’m afraid I can’t g with yu. I’ve gt t much wrk t d.
Exercise 6
1.He can’t hear yu, because there is _______nise here.
A. very muchB. t muchC. much tD. s many
2.The farmer is busy because he’s s ______sheep t keep and s ______wrk t d.
A. much, manyB. many, muchC. many, a ltD. a lt, much
Key:BB
8. 复合不定代词
（1）复合不定代词由sme, any, n, every加上-bdy, -thing, -ne构成。
如：smebdy某人anybdy任何人nbdy没人everybdy每人
smene某人anyne任何人n ne没人everyne每人
smething某物anything任何事物 nthing没东西everything每件事
（2）复合不定代词的特殊用法
= 1 \* GB3 ①用在表示“请求”、“建议”或希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中。
如：Wuld yu like smething t drink? 你想喝点什么吗？
= 2 \* GB3 ②复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语必须放在它的后面。
如：There is smething wrng with the radi. 收音机出了毛病。
（4）对比不定代词anyne/any ne；n ne/nne；every/each的用法
= 1 \* GB3 ① anyne和any ne
anyne仅指人，any ne既可指人，也可指物。
= 2 \* GB3 ② n ne和nne
a) nne 后跟f短语，既可指人又可指物，而n ne只能单独使用，只指人。
b) nne 做主语，谓语动词用单、复数均可，而n ne做主语谓语动词只能是单数。
如：Nne f yu culd lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。
---- Did any ne call me up just nw? --刚才有人打电话给我吗?
---- N ne. --没有。
c) nne与数量有关，可回答hw many，表示“一个也没有”；而n ne表示“什么人也没有”，可用于回答wh。如：
--Hw many peple are there in the rm?
--Nne.
--Wh was late tday?
--N ne.
（3）anyne, anything, any ne, anybdy用在肯定句中，起强调作用，表示“无论什么事物（人）”、“任何事物（人）”。
如：Anybdy will tell yu the way. 无论谁都会告诉你路线。
Exercise 7
1.He has ______ t tell us.
A. smething imprtantB. imprtant smething
C. anything usefulD. useful nthing
2.—D yu have ____ at hme nw, Stella?
—N, we still have t get several punds f fruit and sme tea.
A. smethingB. everythingC. nthingD. anything
3.—D yu mind if Charlie brrws a few hundred dllars frm yu?
—I’m afraid I d. I’ll be glad t lend mney t ____ but Charlie.
A. smeneB. everyneC. anyneD. n ne
Key:ABC
使用范围
单词
中文释义
例句
两个人或物
bth
两者都
Bth f the bys are clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
either
两者中任何一个
Either f the tw bys is clever.
任何一个男孩都很聪明。
neither
两者都不
Neither f the tw bys is clever.
两个男孩都不聪明。
三者以上
all
所有的，全部
All the flwers are gne.
所有的花都谢了。
any
任何一个
I dn't like any f the flwers.
这些花的任何一朵我都不喜欢。
nne
都不
I like nne f the flwers.
这些花我都不喜欢。
every
强调全体的概念指三个以上的人或物(含三个)
Every student in ur schl wrks hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。

each
强调个体概念指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)
Each student may have ne bk. 每个学生都可有一本书。
可数名词
不可数名词
含义
few
little
否定含义，没有多少了
a few
a little
肯定含义，还有一点
单词“许多”
区别
例句
many
+可数名词
Hw many peple are there at the meeting?
much
+不可数名词
Hw much time has we left?
短语
区别
例句
t much
“太多”，后加不可数名词
There is t much nise here.
much t
“太”，相当于t，后加形容词
He is much t fat.