高考英语语法填空解题技巧及考点突破课件PPT

这是一份高考英语语法填空解题技巧及考点突破课件PPT，共34页。PPT课件主要包含了考查目标，考查方式，应试策略，谓语连词，横线前后词，followed ，had broken，谓语动词，动词原形，完成时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一 能力要求1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。
二、解题步骤（“由大到小” ） 通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉2. 巧用已知，连线画图、降低难度、铺平道路3. 理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破4. 重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通5. 拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）
高考语法填空题两类“空”：
给词空 (3- 4个）
1.谓语（时态—语态—数）2.非谓语（t d---ding—dne)3.词类转换(名—形—副）
冠、代、介、连、副、 情态动词、从句引导词等
Hw d yu usually slve this prblem ?
解题关键：1 把握大意；2 找关键词；
找出句中主语、谓语、连词
既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！忽略文意，直奔题目！
Read the fllwing sentences and fill in the blanks accrding t the requirements. Then find ut the rules .
The exam, which was riginally t be held in ur classrm, ____________ (change) t the library at the last minute. They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually _________ (fllw) rders. I had t leave wrk t take him t the hspital because he __________ (break) his finger.
was changed
括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。
如果空格前是助动词（will, shall等）、情态动词（can, may, must等），则空格一定是 。
如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成 。
如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用 。
谓语时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现) (if/unless/as sn as/after/befre/when等);3、时态标志；4、时态一致性原则；5、上下文语境；
Sme peple say that ldest children, wh are smart and strng-willed, are very likely ____________(succeed). I was afraid f _____________(catch) by the plice.With the prblem _________(slve), I felt prud f my achievement.
being caught
非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。
如果与中心词是主动关系， ；
如果与中心词是被动关系， ；
differently
Mst f the peple in the twn shwed pity n him, but it was ________(use). But a recent study saw things quite _________ (different). The rder in which they finished wuld decide the rder f their ____________ (appear) in the Chinese calendar.…, s I’m very careful nt t give ut my __________(persn) infrmatin.
括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。
One f the ________ (bad) gift chices I ever made was fr my high schl English teacher, Ms Chen. Fr a family f fur, fr example, it is mre cnvenient as well as _______ (cheap) t sit cmfrtably at hme,… Many ther actrs are _____ (badly) ff than me at present,…
括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。
形容词 修饰名词/代词 副词 修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子It is/was +形容词 （+fr/f sb) +t d
1.冠词2.代词3.介词4. 连词或副词5. 引导词6. 情态动词
An nly child will succeed fr ______ same reasn. Yu can nw make _______ educated decisin abut what career t pursue.The authr f the study suggested that encuraging mre bks reading might be ____ useful way t prevent childhd accidents.
如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词(a, an)。 如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词(the)。 翻译方法很重要。
Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______ spken. 2.The little by pulled _______right hand ut f the pcket and studied a number f cins in it. 3.I patiently walked t the library, tk my seat and did sme deep breathing t help relax _________.
首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。 如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my, yur, his等)、指示代词(this, that等)、不定代词(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, bth, neither, ther等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。 如果空格前是动词 , 就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。
Televisin is nw playing a very imprtant rle ______ ur life.…mre than nine thusand yung Americans, dissatisfied with their training at hme, went t Germany ______advanced study. It was in this very rm that I gave birth ______ Linda seventeen years ag.
介词可位于名词之前。如at night, n Sunday等；
也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be gd at等；
还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen t, arrive at, lk fr等。
掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；
If a family has many children, the middle ne smetimes gets lst in the crwd. The yungest child, _________, ften gets special treatment. As the x came ashre, the rat jumped ff and finished the race first. ___________ the rat gt the first year named after him and the x gt the secnd year. … I asked my classmates abut her interest ______ then I made my final decisin.
空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。
s, therefre等；
besides, in additin等；
but, hwever, while, althugh, thugh, 等。
One day, he came up with an idea ________ he wuld pluck up all f his crp a few inches. Sme peple say that ldest children, _____ are smart and strng-willed, are very likely t succeed. S careless was I _________ I had frgtten all abut that.
空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句），再确定填什么引导词。
空格前是名词空格前是及物动词 空格前是系动词 空格在句首
所填词在后面句子中充当成分
所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表
所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语
判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句
The car driver ____________ have been drunk.Yu shuld eat all kinds f vegetables and fruits, fr they ________ help yu stay healthy.
一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意连贯。
I was n my way t the Taiyets Muntains. The sun was setting when my car ___31___ （break） dwn near a remte and pr village. Cursing my misfrtune， I was wndering where I was ging t spend the night when I realized that the villagers wh had gathered arund me were arguing as t ___32___ shuld have the hnr f receiving me ___33___ a guest in their huse. Finally，I accepted the ffer f an ld wman wh lived alne in a little huse. While she was getting me ___34___ （settle） int a tiny but clean rm， the head f the village was tying up his hrse t my car t pull it t ___35___ small twn sme 20 kilmeters away___36___there was a garage.I had nticed three hens running free in my hstess’s curtyard and that night ne f them ended up in a dish n my table. ___37___ villagers brught me gat’s cheese and hne. We drank tgether and talked ___38___ （merry） till far int the night.When the time came fr me t say gdbye t my friends in the village， I wanted t reward the ld wman ___39___the truble I had caused ___40___.
What have yu learned tday?
1.高考语法填空命题特点；2.掌握纯空格词的基本填空方法；3.突破语法填空中给词空格的正确判断，特别是谓语、非谓语及谓语时态和语态的正确判断。