2022届新疆师范大学附属中学高三上学期一模仿真训练（三）英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届新疆师范大学附属中学高三上学期一模仿真训练（三）英语试题含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届新疆师范大学附属中学高三上学期一模仿真训练（三）英语试题
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
More than just plain old milk
When people talk about milk, they are usually referring to cow's milk. But, nowadays, there are more and more milk alternatives hitting the shelves.
Soy milk
Soy milk is one of the most common choices among alternative milk products. It contains nearly as much protein as cow’s milk, offering about seven grams per cup. Soy milk usually contains oils and thickeners as well as extra calcium (钙), vitamin ( 维生素）D, and vitamin E.
Coconut milk
If protein is of no concern, coconut milk is worth a try. Made from water and the white part of coconuts, this drink has the lowest amount of protein among nondairy milk. What coconut milk does have a lot of is a kind of fat known as MCTs. According to some findings, the fat may reduce appetite and improve blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels.
Almond milk
Almond milk is another popular alternative. Almonds are high in vitamin E- 28 grams contain 37% of one’s daily requirement. Vitamin E helps reduce inflammation (炎症) in the human body. That being said, almond milk is not as nutritious as you might think. Almond milk is mostly water, and almonds only make up about 2 % of many products, though you may be able to find a few that contain up to 15%.
Oat milk
Oat milk is among the most well-liked options and is considered sustainable and environmentally friendly plant-based milk. Like almond milk, oat milk is essentially oats and water. It is high in fiber, which helps lower cholesterol in your body.
1 What do we know about soy milk?
A. It is rich in protein and MCTs.
B. It is a good alternative to cow’s milk.
C. It may be harmful to the environment.
D. It may cause inflammation in your body.
2. Which of the following may help you eat less and stay fit?
A. Soy milk. B. Coconut milk. C. Almond milk. D. Oat milk.
3. What feature do the last two kinds of milk share?
A. Both contain a lot of water.
B. Both are high in fiber and vitamin E.
C Both help lower cholesterol in your body.
D. Both are more nutritious than other milk varieties.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了牛奶的几种替代品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Soy milk部分“Soy milk is one of the most common choices among alternative milk products. It contains nearly as much protein as cow’s milk, offering about seven grams per cup.（豆奶是替代奶产品中最常见的选择之一。它所含的蛋白质几乎和牛奶一样多，每杯大约7克）”可知，豆浆是好的牛奶的替代品。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Coconut milk部分“According to some findings, the fat may reduce appetite and improve blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels.（根据一些研究结果，这种脂肪可能会降低食欲，改善血液胆固醇水平）”可知，椰奶中含有的脂肪会使人降低食欲并改善血液胆固醇水平，所以椰奶会帮助人少吃并保持健康。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Almond milk部分“Almond milk is mostly water, and almonds only make up about 2 % of many products, though you may be able to find a few that contain up to 15%.（杏仁奶主要是水，杏仁只占许多产品的2%左右，尽管你可能会发现一些杏仁奶的含量高达15%）”以及Oat milk部分“Like almond milk, oat milk is essentially oats and water.（像杏仁奶一样，燕麦奶本质上是燕麦和水）”可知，杏仁奶和燕麦奶的共同特点是都含有大量的水。故选A项。
B
Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years. He first came here as a bright-eyed student in the early 1990s, eager to increase the number of griffon vulture (欧亚尤雪). At the time, there were fewer than 20 birds left. Fast forward to November 2020, there were more griffon vultures. At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains.
As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research. "This process is sometimes long — you have to live together with the animals," he explains." Forget everything; you live in nature. It doesn't matter if they're horses, wild cattle or European bison (野牛)."
This small corner of south-eastern Europe is one of the continent's most ecologically diverse areas. Large animals, such as wolves, brown bears, deer, and wild horses, coexist here. It's also a peaceful place for birdlife, with 300 species recorded. The ultimate goal is to create a habitat where multiple different species depend on one another.
Hristo's current challenge is to continue the reintroduction of European bison to the wild. Since 2013, Hristo has worked with Rewilding Europe, a not-for-profit organisation which operates across Europe, to bring bison back to the Rhodope Mountains. In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.
4. What can be learned about griffon vultures?
A. They are now in danger of dying out. B. They may live as long as over 30 years.
C. They can be seen in the Rhodope Mountains. D. They were first discovered in the early 1990s.
5. Which of the following can best describe Hristo?
A. Proud but caring. B. Silent but generous.
C. Honest and creative. D. Devoted and patient.
6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Develop the theme with examples. B. Add some background information.
C. Summarize the previous paragraphs. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
7. What can we expect of European bison's population in the future?
A. It will be hard to assess. B. It will start to explode.
C. It will show promise. D. It will be something to worry about.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Hristo Hristov一直在研究野生动物，目前在努力继续将欧洲野牛放归野外。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains. (在最近的统计中，记录在案的245只欧亚尤雪现在生活在罗多普山脉)”可知，在罗多普山脉可以看到欧亚尤雪。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years.(Hristo Hristov 30多年来一直在保加利亚偏远的罗多普山脉研究野生动物)”以及第二段“As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research.(作为一名复卷官员，赫里斯托负责他所在地区动物的福利，这意味着要经常观察，并在野外进行长时间的研究)”可知，Hristo Hristov花费30多年的时间研究野生动物，并且要经常观察，所以推测Hristo Hristov献身于野生动物研究，是有耐心的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了Hristo Hristov渴望增加欧亚尤雪的数量并愿意在野外进行长时间的研究，第三段介绍了东南欧的这一区域中，有许多不同物种共同生存，最后一段讲述Hristo Hristov目前面临的挑战是继续将欧洲野牛放归野外。由此推知，作者在第三段中添加了一些背景信息，为最后一段讲述Hristo Hristov努力将欧洲野牛放归野外设置背景。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.(2019年，几头野牛被放归野外，三头小野牛已经出生，其中两头于2020年出生。去年年底，匈牙利和斯洛伐克的动物园向该项目捐赠了另外两头雌性野牛。当这些新动物最终被放归野外时，它们的数量将达到13只)”可知，欧洲野牛的数量是逐渐增加的，显示出希望。故选C项。
C
Not so long ago, most scientists thought of Mars as dead and cold. But, as we previously reported, microbes(微生物) could be hiding beneath the red planet's surface, kept warm by its core and fed by radiation from rocks. A recent study shows that Mars might have experienced volcanic explosions 50,000 years ago- practically last week in geologic time(地质时期). Such activity raises the possibility that, volcanically, Mars" may still be active, even today," says David Horvath, a scientist at the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona.
What's more, NASA's InSight mission has picked up Marsquakes coming from the area Horvath studied. The quakes suggest there could still be molten magma (熔化的岩浆) below the surface, warming the frozen underground and making liquid water possible around volcanic hotspots, Horvath says. That could create an underground haven for life on Mars.
The team, based out of the University of Arizona, looked at a single fissure(裂缝), one of several fissures in the ground known collectively as the Cerberus Fossae. They found it surrounded by a dark region which they think is ash (灰) from a volcanic eruption. The fissures stretch across the Martian surface for miles, although they're fairly shallow. The one in question is only about 20 meters deep. They focused on this particular fissure because it stands out. It’ s surrounded by visibly dark material which keeps heat well, Horvath says.
If Mars was volcanically active, though, it's not impossible that life could be hanging out in little underground islands around the larger Martian volcanoes. If volcanoes on Mars are similar to those on Earth, they could have been active for millions of years, says Erika Rader, a volcanologist at the University of Idaho. But it's still a very extreme environment. By contrast, one deep underground fed by radiation would probably be more stable, she says. How about the possibility of current volcanic activity on Mars?" I want it to be true," Rader says." But this paper alone would not convince me of that."
8. What does the recent study show about Mars?
A. There are microbes on it. B. It may not be dead and cold.
C. A volcano erupted on it last week. D. Its core isn't as warm as expected.
9. Which word can best replace" haven" underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Lab. B. Prison. C. Museum. D. Shelter.
10. Why did the team focus on a single fissure?
A. It stretches for miles. B. It is surrounded by magma.
C. It offers a sign of volcanic ash. D. It is hidden beneath the surface of Mars.
11. What does Rader think of the current volcanic activity on Mars?
A. It has proved to be real. B. It is out of the question.
C. It calls for more studies. D. It is contrary to expectations.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了火星并不是死寂寒冷的，火星上可能存在微生物，并且介绍了火星可能存在有火山活动。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study shows that Mars might have experienced volcanic explosions 50,000 years ago”（最近的一项研究表明，火星可能在5万年前经历过火山爆发）以及第二段“The quakes suggest there could still be molten magma (熔化的岩浆）below the surface, warming the frozen underground and making liquid water possible around volcanic hotspots, Horvath says.”（Horvath说，地震表明地表下可能仍有熔融的岩浆，使冻结的地下温度升高，使火山热点周围可能出现液态水。）可知，最近的研究表明火星并不是死寂寒冷的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“The quakes suggest there could still be molten magma (熔化的岩浆）below the surface, warming the frozen underground and making liquid water possible around volcanic hotspots, Horvath says.”（Horvath说，地震表明地表下可能仍有熔融的岩浆，使冻结的地下温度升高，使火山热点周围可能出现液态水。）可知，火星可能会存在液态水，这可能会为生命创造地下避难所，推测划线单词表示“避难所”，与shelter同义。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They found it surrounded by a dark region which they think is ash (灰) from a volcanic eruption.”（他们发现它周围有一个黑暗的区域，他们认为这是火山喷发的火山灰。）以及“They focused on this particular fissure because it stands out. It’ s surrounded by visibly dark material which keeps heat well, Horvath says.”（他们关注这个特殊的裂缝，因为它很突出。Horvath说，它周围有明显的黑色物质，可以很好地保温。）可知，团队只关注一个裂缝是因为它很突出，周围有明显的黑色物质，那是火山灰，即它提供了火山灰的迹象。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“" I want it to be true," Rader says." But this paper alone would not convince me of that."”（“我希望这是真的，”雷德说。“但仅凭这篇论文无法让我相信这一点。”）可知，关于火山活动，雷德并不能仅凭一篇论文就相信，所以此处表示需要更多的研究。故选C项。
D
In his first year at Harvard, Manny Medrano made a big breakthrough. With the help of his professor Gary Urton. Medrano interpreted a set of six khipus, knotted cora (打结绳子)used for record keeping in the Inca Empire(印加帝国).
The Inca Empire reached the height of its power in 15th- and l6th-century Peru (秘鲁). When the Spanish arrived, the Inca had established the largest and most complex society in the Americas, but they left behind no written records. The only ones the Inca are known to have kept are in the form of khipus. In 2002, Urton began Harvard s Khipu Database Project. He traveled to museums around the world to record the numbers of knots, lengths of cords, colors of fibers, and other details about every Inca: khipu he could find.
Urton says he and other researchers in the field have always had a general sense of what the khipus represented. Many had to do with census(人口普查) data. Others appeared to be calendar systems. But, until recently, none of the khipus Urton studied could be understood on a very detailed level.
A turning point came when Urton began looking into a set of six khipus from the 17th-centurySanta River Valley region of Northwest Peru. One day, Urton picked up a book and happened to spot a Spanish census document from the same region and time period. “A lot of the numbers that were recorded in that census record matched those six khipus exactly, Urton says. Then he couldn't help mentioning it to his students. Medrano, who was among these students, asked if he could help during spring break.
Urton agreed to allow Medrano to look into the Santa Valley khipus and the Spanish census. Medrano recalls looking through spreadsheets in Microsoft Excel. He noticed that the way each cord was tied onto the khipu seemed to correspond to(符合, 对应) the social status (地位) of the 132 people recorded in the census document. The colors of the strings also appeared to be related to the people's first names. After spring break, Medrano told his professor about his theories. Medrano worked with Urton over the next several months and the two wrote a paper together.
12. Why did Urton travel to museums around the world?
A. To gather data for a project.
B. To learn how to make khipus.
C. To help Peru connect with the world.
D. To collect khipus as one of his hobbies.
13. How did Urton probably feel after seeing the Spanish census document?
A. Excited. B. Puzzled.
C. Grateful. D. Relieved.
14. What did Medrano find out about the khipus?
A. Local people s first names came from Spanish
B. The colors of the strings tended to be the same.
C. How a cord was made differed in every period
D. How a cord was tied was related to one's social status
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The Inca Empire had a long history.
B. The Inca Empire was a complex society.
C. A student assisted his professor in a technical paper.
D. A student uncovered the hidden secret of knotted cords.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的一名学生发现了绳结隐藏的秘密。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In 2002, Urton began Harvard s Khipu Database Project. He traveled to museums around the world to record the numbers of knots, lengths of cords, colors of fibers, and other details about every Inca: khipu he could find.( 2002年，厄顿开始了哈佛大学的Khipu数据库项目。他走遍世界各地的博物馆，记录每一个印加人的结的数量、绳子的长度、纤维的颜色，以及他能找到的每一个印加人的Khipu的其他细节。)”可知，厄顿要去世界各地的博物馆是为项目收集数据。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“One day, Urton picked up a book and happened to spot a Spanish census document from the same region and time period. “A lot of the numbers that were recorded in that census record matched those six khipus exactly, Urton says. Then he couldn't help mentioning it to his students. (一天，厄顿拿起一本书，碰巧发现了一份来自同一地区和同一时期的西班牙人口普查文件。厄顿说，人口普查记录中记录的许多数字与这6个khipus完全吻合。然后他忍不住向他的学生们提到了这件事。)”可推断，厄顿看到西班牙的人口普查文件后感到很兴奋。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He noticed that the way each cord was tied onto the khipu seemed to correspond to(符合, 对应) the social status (地位) of the 132 people recorded in the census document. (他注意到，每根绳子系在khipu上的方式似乎与人口普查文件中记录的132人的社会地位相对应。)”可知，梅德拉诺发现了如何系绳子与一个人的社会地位有关。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In his first year at Harvard, Manny Medrano made a big breakthrough. With the help of his professor Gary Urton. Medrano interpreted a set of six khipus, knotted cora (打结的绳子)used for record keeping in the Inca Empire(印加帝国).(曼尼·梅德拉诺在哈佛的第一年就取得了重大突破。在加里·厄顿教授的帮助下。梅德拉诺解释了一套六根的khipus，在印加帝国用来保存记录的打结的绳子。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的一名学生发现了绳结隐藏的秘密。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Who are better leaders?
Have you ever considered what the most popular personality type is: being an extrovert(外向的人）or being an introvert(内向的人）? It is hard to say. Each of these identities has its own strengths and weaknesses. ___16___ Some research has shown that introverts can outshine extroverts as leaders, despite the fact that the confident behavior of an extrovert fits many people's image of a typical CEO.
___17___ Outgoing workers or reserved ones? The answer, it turns out, is those who can be both. Combining the best of both personality types can make you an important role in the workplace. Although acting like both an extrovert and introvert might feel tricky at times, it's a skill we can all master with a little practice. Besides, it's not just CEOs who benefit from being both. The earlier in someone's career they build these skills, the better, since the benefits will improve over time. ___18___ On the contrary, it may mean introverts contributing more in meetings.
" To be more extroverted might require initiating conversation or making small talk," says Alisa Cohn, a coach from New York City." I like the idea of practicing such behavior three, four, five times a day in microdoses(微量）. ___19___Check how often you do these things each day, and if you have met your goal." She also recommends spotting a role model you admire in your office who has the introvert or extrovert qualities you're looking for.___20___
A. Well, who are more successful at work?
B. Is it possible to change your personality?
C. Little by little, you' ll find it easier to achieve that.
D. For extroverts, this may mean being quieter in meetings.
E. This doesn't mean that introverts aren't happy and relaxed.
F. Then you can watch their behavior and model yourself after them.
G. However, it seems that there's constant debate about which is better.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了将内向和外向两种性格结合起来的人，在工作中可以发挥重要作用，能够成为更好的领导者。
【16题详解】
上文“Each of these identities has its own strengths and weaknesses.”（每种特征都有自己的优势和劣势。）说明，内向和外向各有优劣，以及下文“Some research has shown that introverts can outshine extroverts as leaders”（一些研究表明，作为领导者，内向者可以超越外向者）说明一些研究表明内向者做领导可以超越外向者，推测空处应谈论两者哪一个更好，G项“然而，关于哪一个更好，似乎一直存在争论。”符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
下文“Outgoing workers or reserved ones? The answer, it turns out, is those who can be both. Combining the best of both personality types can make you an important role in the workplace.”（外向的员工还是内向的员工？事实证明，答案是那些两者兼而有之的人。将这两种性格类型中最好的结合起来，可以使你在工作中发挥重要作用。）说明，将内向和外向两种性格结合起来的人，在工作中可以发挥重要作用，推测空处询问谁在工作中更成功，A项“那么，谁在工作中更成功？”符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
下文“On the contrary, it may mean introverts contributing more in meetings.”（相反，这可能意味着内向者在会议中贡献更多。）说明，内向者在会议中贡献更多，由on the contrary可推测，空处应介绍外向者在会议中是什么样子的，D项“对于外向的人来说，这可能意味着在会议上要安静。”符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“I like the idea of practicing such behavior three, four, five times a day in microdoses.”（我喜欢每天三、四、五次小剂量练习这种行为。）说明需要采用循序渐进的方式，C项“一点一点地，你会发现实现它更容易。”符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
上文“She also recommends spotting a role model you admire in your office who has the introvert or extrovert qualities you're looking for.”（她还建议在办公室里找一个你敬佩的榜样，他具有你所寻找的内向或外向的品质。）说明可以找到一个榜样，向其学习，F项“然后你可以观察他们的行为并模仿他们。”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One afternoon, Jose Rodriguez Jr. went home early after school. He ___21___that his little brother Joel was searching for his fidget toy(解压玩具). It is ___22___ for Joel, who has autism (自闭症), and likes to play with it to ___23___.That was when a(n) ___24___ struck Rodriguez: What if he could find a better way for Joel and others with autism to ___25___ their fidget toys?
Soon, Rodriguez founded Tasium, a company that makes ___26___ T-shirts. There is a fidget toy tied to the bottom corner of each shirt，which ___27___ that the toy is never far from the person wearing it. “For those with autism, fidget toys have proven to be ___28___,” Rodriguez says. “Many people think that fidget toys are a distraction (使人分心的事物). ___29___, they are really there to help.”
Rodriguez took a ____30____ by NFTE, a nonprofit that provides training for young people. In the end, NFTE ran a ____31____. From classes held around the world，NFTE ____32____ three students per class and nominated (提名) their ideas for an international contest. To his ____33____, Rodriguez won the contest last year. The win came with $12, 000 and ____34____ Rodriguez to start Tasium. Rodriguez used the ____35____ to set up a website, and the money also gave him the ____36____ to make the first batches (批次) of shirts available for sale.
____37____, Rodriguez made shirts at his school with a heat press, but now he's switched to screen-printing ____38____ the design on the shirts doesn't wash off easily. Rodriguez says he plans to continue the ____39____ from college and expand Tasium into jackets, hats, dresses, and more, with every piece of clothing having some kind of fidget toy ____40____. “I just wanted to help the world in some way, ”Rodriguez says.
21 A. admitted B. showed C. found D. regretted
22. A. easy B. dangerous C. convenient D. important
23. A. relax B. behave C. perform D. survive
24. A. toy B. idea C. disease D. vehicle
25. A. pay attention to B. make up for C. put up with D. keep track of
26. A. colorful B. trendy C. unusual D. expensive
27. A. warns B. ensures C. reports D. assumes
28. A. helpful B. popular C. educational D. eco-friendly
29. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore
30. A. note B. course C. test D. prize
31. A. trip B. meeting C. campaign D. competition
32. A. selected B. refused C. discovered D. blamed
33. A. sorrow B. shame C. surprise D. admiration
34. A. expected B. allowed C. taught D. required
35. A. funds B. force C. skills D. trade
36. A. luck B. right C. courage D. ability
37. A. Suddenly B. Previously C. Eventually D. Occasionally
38. A. as if B. in case C. so that D. even though
39. A. business B. studies C. relationship D. games
40. A. hidden B. repaired C. distributed D. attached
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Rodriguez为自闭症患者着想，开办公司，生产附着解压玩具的T恤衫。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现他的弟弟Joel正在找他的解压玩具。A. admitted承认；B. showed表明；C. found发现；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“that his little brother Joel was searching for his fidget toy”可知，Rodriguez发现弟弟正在找自己的解压玩具。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对患有自闭症的Joel来说很重要，他喜欢玩解压玩具来放松。A. easy容易的；B. dangerous危险的；C. convenient方便的；D. important重要的。根据下文“who has autism (自闭症), and likes to play with it to ___3___”可知，Joel患有自闭症，解压玩具可以使他放松，所以对他来说很重要。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对患有自闭症的Joel来说很重要，他喜欢玩解压玩具来放松。A. relax使放松；B. behave有礼貌；C. perform表演；D. survive生存。根据上文“who has autism”可知，Joel患有自闭症，所以他玩解压玩具是为了放松。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Rodriguez产生了一个想法：如果他能为Joel和其他自闭症患者找到更好的方法来追踪他们的解压玩具呢？A. toy玩具；B. idea想法；C. disease疾病；D. vehicle车辆。根据下文“What if he could find a better way for Joel and others with autism to ___5___ their fidget toys?”可知，Rodriguez产生了一个想法。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，Rodriguez产生了一个想法：如果他能为Joel和其他自闭症患者找到更好的方法来追踪他们的解压玩具呢？A. pay attention to注意；B. make up for弥补；C. put up with容忍；D. keep track of追踪。根据上文“He ___1___that his little brother Joel was searching for his fidget toy”可知，Rodriguez在发现弟弟找解压玩具时产生了想法，找到更好的办法帮助他们追踪自己的解压玩具。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久，Rodriguez创建了Tasium，一家生产不同寻常的T恤的公司。A. colorful鲜艳的；B. trendy时髦的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“There is a fidget toy tied to the bottom corner of each shirt”可知，每件T恤衫都绑着一个解压玩具，这是不同寻常的，所以此处表示这家公司生产不同寻常的T恤。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每件衬衫的下角都绑着一个解压玩具，这样可以确保玩具永远不会远离穿着它的人。A. warns警告；B. ensures确保；C. reports报告；D. assumes假设。根据上文“There is a fidget toy tied to the bottom corner of each shirt”可知，解压玩具是绑在T恤上的，可以确保玩具不会远离。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，对于自闭症患者来说，解压玩具已经被证明是有帮助的。A. helpful有帮助的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. educational教育的；D. eco-friendly生态友好的。根据下文“they are really there to help.”可知，解压玩具对于自闭症患者是有帮助的。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们确实是有帮助的。A. Besides此外；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“Many people think that fidget toys are a distraction”可知，许多人认为解压玩具会使人分心，但是它们的确对自闭症患者有帮助，前后是转折关系。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez参加了NFTE的课程，NFTE是一家为年轻人提供培训的非营利组织。A. note注释；B. course课程；C. test测试；D. prize奖励。根据下文“provides training for young people”以及“classes held around the world”可知，Rodriguez参加了NFTE的课程。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，NFTE举办了一场比赛。A. trip旅行；B. meeting会议；C. campaign运动；D. competition比赛。根据下文“From classes held around the world，NFTE ___12___ three students per class and nominated (提名) their ideas for an international contest.”可知，NFTE举办了一场比赛。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：NFTE从世界各地举办的班级中，每班选出三名学生，并提名他们的想法参加国际比赛。A. selected选择；B. refused拒绝；C. discovered发现；D. blamed指责。根据下文“three students per class and nominated (提名) their ideas”可知，NFTE从每班选出三名学生提名他们的想法。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，去年Rodriguez赢得了比赛。A. sorrow悲伤；B. shame羞愧；C. surprise惊讶；D. admiration钦佩。根据语境，Rodriguez赢得了比赛，这是令他惊讶的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场胜利带来了12000美元的奖金，使得Rodriguez开办Tasium成为可能。A. expected预期；B. allowed使可能；C. taught教；D. required要求。根据上文“The win came with $12, 000”可知，Rodriguez赢得了比赛，获得了12000美元的奖金，这使得Rodriguez开办Tasium成为可能。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez用这笔资金建立了一个网站，这笔钱还使他能够生产首批衬衫出售。A. funds资金；B. force暴力；C. skills技能；D. trade贸易。根据下文“and the money also gave him the ___16___ to make the first batches (批次) of shirts available for sale.”可知，此处指的是Rodriguez用这笔钱建立了网站，funds表示“资金”，符合题意。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez用这笔资金建立了一个网站，这笔钱还使他能够生产首批衬衫出售。A. luck运气；B. right权利；C. courage勇气；D. ability能力。根据下文“to make the first batches (批次) of shirts available for sale.”可知，此处表示这笔钱使得Rodriguez有能力生产首批衬衫出售。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：以前，Rodriguez在学校用热压机制作衬衫，但现在他改用丝网印刷，这样T恤衫上的图案就不容易洗掉了。A. Suddenly突然；B. Previously以前；C. Eventually最终；D. Occasionally偶尔。根据下文“but now he’s switched to screen-printing”可知，以前Rodriguez在学校用热压机制作衬衫。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：以前，Rodriguez在学校用热压机制作衬衫，但现在他改用丝网印刷，这样T恤衫上的图案就不容易洗掉了。A. as if好像；B. in case以防；C. so that以便于；D. even though即使。根据上文“but now he's switched to screen-printing”可知，Rodriguez改用丝网印刷是为了让T恤衫上的图案不容易洗掉。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez说，他计划继续从大学开始的生意，并将Tasium扩展到夹克、帽子、连衣裙等等，并且每件衣服上都附有某种解压玩具。A. business生意；B. studies研究；C. relationship关系；D. games游戏。根据上文“The win came with $12, 000 and ___14___ Rodriguez to start Tasium.”可知，Rodriguez开办了Tasium，所以此处表示他计划继续生意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez说，他计划继续从大学开始的生意，并将Tasium扩展到夹克、帽子、连衣裙等等，并且每件衣服上都附有某种解压玩具。A. hidden隐藏；B. repaired修复；C. distributed分发；D. attached附。根据上文“There is a fidget toy tied to the bottom corner of each shirt”可知，Rodriguez生产的T恤衫上都附着解压玩具，所以此处表示扩展到其他衣物种类时，每件衣服上都附有解压玩具。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the biggest environmental problems of our time ____41____(be) plastic bags. They wind up in our waterways and eventually the sea. There, they take hundreds of years to break down and ____42____ (eat) by sea life from time to time. When we consume seafood，the plastic particles (微粒) end up finding their way into our bodies, which continues the cycle of ____43____ (pollute) and damages our health.
_____44_____(fortunate), a HongKong startup has an eco-friendly solution:a bag ___45___ can break down in water. ____46____(call) the “Invisible Bag” it can break down completely in hot water over 80°C. What remains of ____47____ bag is a kind of nonpoisonous material. What’s more, no micro-plastics are left behind. Micro-plastics normally get swallowed(吞掉) by sea life, potentially ____48____ (kill) them.
These eco-friendly bags are already turning up ____49____some small shops, such as coffee shops, secondhand clothing stores, and restaurants in Hong Kong. It is hoped that these bags, made from plant starch(淀粉) and other materials, will replace plastic bags altogether one day. Some countries, such as India and Italy, have already banned plastic bags. As more places follow suit, look for the “Invisible Bag” to take over in years ____50____ (come).
【答案】41. is 42. are eaten
43. pollution
44. Fortunately
45. which##that
46. Called 47. the
48. killing 49. in
50. to come
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐明了我们这个时代最大的环境问题之一是塑料袋。幸运的是，一种环保的“隐形袋”的出现可能带来巨大的改变。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：我们这个时代最大的环境问题之一是塑料袋。文章陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，句子主语是One of the biggest environmental problems of our time，谓语动词用单数，系动词be用is。故填is。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在那里，它们需要数百年的时间才能分解并且不时地被海洋生物吃掉。分析句子可知and连接并列谓语，根据take可知句子时态是一般现在时，主语they和动词eat之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are eaten。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我们食用海鲜时，塑料颗粒最终会进入我们的身体，从而继续污染循环并损害我们的健康。分析句子可知在介词of后需要名词作宾语。故填pollution。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，一家香港初创企业有一个环保的解决方案：一个能在水中分解的袋子。放在句首作状语需要副词形式。故填Fortunately。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句引导词。句意：幸运的是，一家香港初创企业有一个环保的解决方案：一个能在水中分解的袋子。空格处需要定语从句引导词修饰先行词a bag，且在从句中作主语，用which或that均可。故填which/that。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“隐形袋”，它能在80℃以上的热水中完全分解。句子谓语动词是can break down，空格处需要非谓语动词，主语it和call之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填Called。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种袋子的遗留成分是一种无毒材料。在名词前需要定冠词the，特指前文提到的“Invisible Bag”。故填the。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：微塑料通常会被海洋生物吞食，潜在地会杀死它们。句子谓语动词是get，空格处需要非谓语动词，用现在分词表示自然的结果。故填killing。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些环保袋已经在香港的一些小商店里出现，比如咖啡店、二手服装店和餐馆。结合句意可知用介词in，表示“在……里面”，in some small shops“在一些小商店”。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的地方效仿，期盼在即将到的几年里“隐形袋”将会接手。分析句子可知不定式作后置定语修饰名词years，in years to come“未来几年”。故填to come。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday, I woke up to see that everything was covering with snow. So I called out some of my friends. First, we had a snowball fight but we really enjoyed herself. After playing for half a hour, we made a snow castle. I gathered some sticks and leaf to make flags and stuck them on the castle. Then, we built a snowman in front of the castle and was named it Captain Snow Guard. It was starting to get darkness when we finished build the snowman.Thus we decided to go home. When I arrived back home, my mom was waiting me with my favourite dishes. It was such a perfect ending to a wonderfully snow day!
【答案】1. covering →covered
2. but→and
3. herself→ourselves
4. a →an
5. leaf→leaves
6. named 前was去掉
7. darkness→dark
8. build→ building
9.waiting后加 for
10. wonderfully→wonderful
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友一起玩雪的过程。
【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意：上个星期天，我一觉醒来发现一切都被雪覆盖了。be covered with被……所覆盖。故将covering改为covered。
第二处：考查连词。句意：首先，我们打雪仗，我们真的玩得很开心。前后句之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故将but改为and。
第三处：考查代词。句意：首先，我们打雪仗，我们真的玩得很开心。enjoy oneself玩得开心，主语是we，所以用反身代词ourselves。故将herself改为ourselves。
第四处：考查冠词。句意：玩了半个小时后，我们做了一个雪城堡。名词hour发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故将a 改为an。
第五处：考查名词的数。句意：我收集了一些树枝和树叶做旗子，并把它们贴在城堡上。根据并列连词and前名词sticks可知，用名词的复数形式。故将leaf改为leaves。
第六处：考查语态。句意：然后，我们在城堡前堆了一个雪人，并把它命名为雪卫队长。主语we与name之间为主动关系，所以用主动语态。故将named 前was去掉。
第七处：考查形容词。句意：当我们堆完雪人时，天开始黑了。系动词get后接形容词作表语。故将darkness改为dark。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们堆完雪人时，天开始黑了。finish doing sth.完成做某事。故将build改为 building。
第九处：考查动词。句意：当我回到家的时候，妈妈做了最喜欢的菜在等我。动词wait为不及物动词。wait for等待，等候。故在waiting后加 for。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：这是一个美妙的下雪天的完美结局！修饰名词day，前用形容词形式。故将wonderfully改为wonderful。
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你在某项国际赛事中获得一等奖，奖励是欧洲两周游（A two-week package tour of Europe）。请给主办方写一封邮件，咨询以下事宜：
1. 旅行日程安排；
2. 食宿等相关费用。
注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, the winner of the first prize in the international competition. Greatly interested in the two-week package tour of Europe, I am writing to inquire about this project.
First of all, please tell me the specific time of the project and how long it will last, so that I can properly arrange my time. Second, what scenic spots and activities does it offer to me? In addition, I wonder how much I have to pay for the project and whether I will be provided with accommodation. I would appreciate it very much if you could send me some related materials that provide further information regarding the project.
Thank you for your time. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给国际赛事的主办方写邮件，咨询欧洲两周游的相关信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
具体的：specific→concrete
安排：arrange→schedule
感激：appreciate→be grateful
关于：regarding→concerning
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Greatly interested in the two-week package tour of Europe, I am writing to inquire about this project.
拓展句：Because I am interested in the two-week package tour of Europe, I am writing to inquire about this project.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, please tell me the specific time of the project and how long it will last, so that I can properly arrange my time.（运用了so that引导目的状语从句）
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it very much if you could send me some related materials that provide further information regarding the project.（运用了if引导条件状语从句，that引导定语从句）