2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)

这是一份2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)，共15页。试卷主要包含了—Hi,I’m Peter等内容，欢迎下载使用。

绝密★启用前试卷类型:A
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(北京卷)
本试卷共8页,共120分。考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)
第一节　单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again.　　　,we last met more than thirty years ago. 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.What’s more B.That’s to say
C.In other words D.Believe it or not
答案是D。
1.—Hi,I’m Peter.Are you new here?I haven’t seen you around.
—Hello,Peter.I’m Bob.I just 　　　on Monday. 
A.start B.have started
C.started D.had started
2.　　　 we don’t stop climate change,many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 
A.Although B.While C.If D.Until
3.　　　 along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 
A.Travel B.Traveling
C.Having traveled D.Traveled
4.Susan had quit her well-paid job and 　　　as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 
A.is working B.was working
C.has worked D.had worked
5.She and her family bicycle to work,　　　 helps them keep fit. 
A.which B.who C.as D.that
6.During the Mid-Autumn Festival,family members often gather together 　　　a meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. 
A.share B.to share C.having shared D.shared
7.China’s high-speed railways 　　　from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 
A.are growing B.have grown
C.will grow D.had grown
8.In any unsafe situation,simply 　　　the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. 
A.press B.to press C.pressing D.pressed
9.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who 　　　in the mountains for two days. 
A.are trapping B.have been trapped
C.were trapping D.had been trapped
10.Ordinary soap,　　　 correctly,can deal with bacteria effectively. 
A.used B.to use
C.using D.use
11.Without his support,we wouldn’t be 　　　we are now. 
A.how B.when
C.where D.why
12.In today’s information age,the loss of data 　　　cause serious problems for a company. 
A.need B.should
C.can D.must
13.They might have found a better hotel if they 　　　a few more kilometers. 
A.drove B.would drive
C.were to drive D.had driven
14.—Good morning,Mr.Lee’s office.
—Good morning.I’d like to make an appointment 　　　next Wednesday afternoon. 
A.for B.on
C.in D.at
15.This is 　　　my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 
A.how B.which C.that D.what
第二节　完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
TheHomelessHero
For many,finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source(来源) of temptation(诱惑).But the 　16　 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money.All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 　17　 more remarkable. 
After spotting a 　18　 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down,he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 　19　 to return. 
After hours in the cold and wet,he 　20　 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact(联系) the driver,only to 　21　 it contained ￡400 in notes,with another ￡50 in spare change beside it. 
He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 　22　 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe.When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth ￡35,000—in Glasgow city centre,they were 　23　 to find two policemen standing next to it.The policemen told them what Mr.Smith did and that the wallet was 　24　. 
The pair were later able to thank Mr.Smith for his 　25　. 
Mr.Anderson said:“I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny.To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 　26　 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in.This guy has nothing and 　27　 he didn’t take the wallet for himself;he thought about others 　28　.It’s unbelievable.It just proves there are 　29　 guys out there.” 
Mr.Smith’s act 　30　 much of the public’s attention.He also won praise from social media users after Mr.Anderson 　31　 about the act of kindness on Facebook. 
Now Mr.Anderson has set up an online campaign to 　32　 money for Mr.Smith and other homeless people in the area,which by yesterday had received ￡8,000.“I think the faith that everyone has shown 　33　 him has touched him.People have been approaching him in the street;he’s had job 　34　 and all sorts,”Mr.Anderson commented. 
For Mr.Smith,this is a possible life-changing 　35　.The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another. 
16.A.hope B.aim C.urge D.effort
17.A.still B.even C.ever D.once
18.A.wallet B.bag C.box D.parcel
19.A.partner B.colleague C.owner D.policeman
20.A.turned B.hid C.stepped D.reached
21.A.discover B.collect C.check D.believe
22.A.taking B.leaving C.reading D.writing
23.A.satisfied B.excited C.amused D.shocked
24.A.safe B.missing C.found D.seen
25.A.service B.support C.kindness D.encouragement
26.A.when B.if C.where D.because
27.A.rather B.yet C.already D.just
28.A.too B.though C.again D.instead
29.A.honest B.polite C.rich D.generous
30.A.gave B.paid C.cast D.drew
31.A.learned B.posted C.cared D.heard
32.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.earn
33.A.of B.at C.for D.in
34.A.details B.changes C.offers D.applications
35.A.lesson B.adventure C.chance D.challenge
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
MyFirstMarathon(马拉松)
A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet,I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school.In my first P.E.class,the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.I didn’t do either well.He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself,not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills!
The night before my marathon,I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.I woke up sweating and nervous,but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line,my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied.So I stopped to readjust.Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3,I passed a sign:“GO FOR IT,RUNNERS!”
By mile 17,I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.Despite the pain,I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21,I was starving!
As I approached mile 23,I could see my wife waving a sign.She is my biggest fan.She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished!And I got a medal.In fact,I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself,move forward,free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签),I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
36.A month before the marathon,the author 　　　. 
A.was well trained B.felt scared
C.made up his mind to run D.lost hope
37.Why did the author mention the P.E.class in his 7th year?
A.To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B.To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C.To show he was not talented in sports.
D.To share a precious memory.
38.How was the author’s first marathon?
A.He made it. B.He quit halfway.
C.He got the first prize. D.He walked to the end.
39.What does the story mainly tell us?
A.A man owes his success to his family support.
B.A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C.Failure is the mother of success.
D.One is never too old to learn.

B
FindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)Center
If you’re looking for a unique adventure,the Space and Aviation Center(SAC) is the place to be.The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering,aviation,education,medicine and a wide variety of other professions.They come to camp,wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot,and they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.
For the trainees,the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章).At Space Camp,trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets,learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge.They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.
With all the programs,teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18.Families can enjoy the experience together,too,with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.
Stay an hour or stay a week—there is something here for everyone!
For more details,please visit us online at www.oursac.com.
40.Why do people come to SAC?
A.To experience adventures. B.To look for jobs in aviation.
C.To get a degree in engineering. D.To learn more about medicine.

41.To earn a Space Exploration badge,a trainee needs to 　　　. 
A.fly to space
B.get an Aviation badge first
C.study the principles of flight
D.build and fire model rockets
42.What is the most important for trainees?
A.Leadership. B.Team spirit.
C.Task planning. D.Survival skills.

C
Plastic-EatingWorms

greaterwaxmoth
Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场),and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it,but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.
Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene,which accounts for 40% of plastics.The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours,and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams,or almost 3% of it.To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown,the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass—apparently broken down by enzymes(酶) from the worms’ stomachs.Their findings were published in CurrentBiology in 2017.
Federica Bertocchini,co-author of the study,says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food—beeswax—also allows them to break down plastic.“Wax is a complex mixture,but the basic bond in polyethylene,the carbon-carbon bond,is there as well,”she explains.“The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”
Jennifer DeBruyn,a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee,who was not involved in the study,says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.But compared with previous studies,she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.The next step,DeBruyn says,will be to identify the cause of the breakdown.Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?
Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”
43.What can we learn about the worms in the study?
A.They take plastics as their everyday food.
B.They are newly evolved creatures.
C.They can consume plastics.
D.They wind up in landfills.
44.According to Jennifer DeBruyn,the next step of the study is to 　　　. 
A.identify other means of the breakdown
B.find out the source of the enzyme
C.confirm the research findings
D.increase the breakdown speed
45.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might 　　　. 
A.help to raise worms
B.help make plastic bags
C.be used to clean the oceans
D.be produced in factories in future
46.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To explain a study method on worms.
B.To introduce the diet of a special worm.
C.To present a way to break down plastics.
D.To propose new means to keep eco-balance.

D
PreparingCitiesforRobotCars
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream,years away from materializing in the real world.Well,the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars,and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.California,it should be noted,isn’t leading the way here.Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country.It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.But however long it takes,the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities,for better or for worse,depending on how the transformation is regulated.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so),policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams,cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient,affordable mobility options.The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.
Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars?Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles.They tolerate long,slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work,entertain themselves or sleep on the ride,which encourages urban spread.They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking.Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning,they send the self-driving minibus.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric,self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services,considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题).But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people,and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.
47.According to the author,attention should be paid to how driverless cars can 　　　. 
A.help deal with transportation-related problems
B.provide better services to customers
C.cause damage to our environment
D.make some people lose jobs
48.As for driverless cars,what is the author’s major concern?
A.Safety. B.Side effects.
C.Affordability. D.Management.
49.What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Employed. B.Replaced.
C.Shared. D.Reduced.
50.What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars?
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
WhyDoWeGetAngry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it,but the causes of anger are various.Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior,and correct bad habits.The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events,personality traits(特征),and our assessment of situations.　51　 
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.However,here are some examples:being cut off in traffic,a deadline approaching,experiencing physical pain,and much more.　52　 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits. 
Each person,no matter who they are,has psychological imbalances.People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.　53　 Also,sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition,but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. 
　54　 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger,or anger itself.Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger. 
　55　 However,anger can easily turn violent,and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.With these main reasons in mind,we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings. 
A.Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B.But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence or anger.
C.Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait,and is usually advised to reduce it.
D.Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E.Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state,where anger is in the background of your mind.
F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G.Not everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)
第一节(15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣,计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件,内容包括:
1.表示欢迎;
2.推荐他上哪所大学;
3.建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意:1.词数不少于50;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
DearJim,
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yours,
LiHua
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记述你们上周接待外国学生,带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。
注意:词数不少于60。

 
 
 
 
 
 

英语(北京卷)
第一部分:知识运用
第一节　单项填空
1.C　考查时态。句意:——你好,我是彼得。你是新来的吗?我在这儿没见过你。——你好,彼得。我是鲍勃。我是周一来的。根据时间状语“on Monday”可知,此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时态,故选C项。
2.C　考查状语从句。句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,世界上许多动植物都将会消失。主句所说的“世界上许多动植物都将会消失”是在从句描述的条件下才会发生,应用if “如果”引导条件状语从句,故选C项。
3.B　考查非谓语动词。句意: 沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣又有益的经历。分析句子结构可知,“　　　 along the old Silk Road”是句子的主语,空处应用动词-ing形式,故选B项。 
4.B　考查时态。句意:苏珊已辞去了那份高收入的工作,去年我去看她时她正在社区当义工。过去某段时间正在做某事,应用过去进行时态,故选B项。
5.A　考查定语从句。句意:她和她的家人骑车去上班,这帮助他们保持身体健康。which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容,故选A项。
6.B　考查非谓语动词。句意:中秋节期间,家人们经常聚在一起吃饭,赏月和品尝月饼。此处说明“gather together”的目的是“share a meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B项。
7.B　考查时态。句意:中国高铁在过去的几年内已经从9,000千米增加到25,000千米。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,故选B项。
8.A　考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,只需按一下这个按钮,一位训练有素的特勤人员就会来帮助你。根据and可知,这是一个并列句,前一分句没有主语,可判断为祈使句,空处应用动词原形,故选A项。
9.D　考查时态和语态。句意:一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了被困山中两天的两名游客。trap动作发生在risk之前,risk发生在过去,则trap发生在“过去的过去”,且trap和主语who之间为被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态,故选D项。
10.A　考查非谓语动词。句意:只要正确使用,即便是普通肥皂也能有效对付细菌。use和soap之间为被动关系,应用过去分词做状语,故选A项。
11.C　考查名词性从句。句意:要是没有他的支持,我们就不会走到今天。根据语境可知,此处应用where引导表语从句,表示(事业、成就等)所达到的地步,故选C项。
12.C　考查情态动词。句意:在今天的信息时代,数据丢失能给一个公司带来重大问题。在肯定句中用can表示客观上存在的可能性,故选C项。
13.D　考查时态。句意:他们如果再多开几千米,也许就找到一家更好的宾馆了。结合语境可知,此处表示的是对过去情况的虚拟,if条件句应用过去完成时态,故选D项。
14.A　考查介词。句意:——早上好,这是李先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午。表示目的应用介词for。
15.D　考查名词性从句。句意:这就是我父亲一直教导我的——总是面对困难,怀揣最好的梦想。空处引导表语从句,引导词在表语从句中充当宾语,应用what,故选D项。
第二节　完形填空
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。流浪汉汤姆面对400英镑的诱惑最终选择将钱还给失主。当其善行在社交媒体上传播开来后,汤姆得到了人们的信任。这位“无家可归的英雄”的故事再次证明善有善报。
16.C　上文说对许多人来说一个无人看管的装有400英镑的钱包无疑是一种诱惑,结合But的转折可知,如果你是一个几乎没有什么钱和食物并露宿街头的人,这种诱惑带来的“冲动(urge)”无疑会更大,故选C项。
17.B　结合上文说人们通常对于诱惑有一种渴望可知,这“更加(even)”使得无家可归的汤姆的行为更引人注目,故选B项。
18.A　根据第三段中的“After hours in the cold and wet,he 　　　inside and pulled the wallet out...”可知,他看到的是一个“钱包(wallet)”,故选A项。 
19.C　结合下文可知,他在雨中站了大约两个小时,就是要等钱包“主人(owner)”回来取钱包,故选C项。
20.D　结合下文“hoping to find some ID so he could contact(联系) the driver”可知,他“伸手(reach)”到车中,把钱包拿出来,希望能从中找到钱包主人的身份信息,故选D项。
21.A　汤姆本来是想在钱包里找到物主的身份信息,却出乎意料地“发现(discover)”里面有400英镑纸币和50英镑的零钱,故选A项。
22.B　汤姆“留下(leave...behind)”一张纸条,告知物主钱包是安全的,然后他去了警察局,故选B项。此题若忽视了后面的behind则很容易误选D项。
23.D　这两个人看到车旁站着两名警察自然感到十分“惊讶(shocked)”,故选D项。
24.A　此处两位警察向物主说明了情况,并告知他们钱包是“安全的(safe)”。此空为词语复现,由上文中的“it was safe”可知应选A项。
25.C　上文介绍了汤姆帮助了这两个人,所以此处说明他们后来能去感谢汤姆的“善行(kindness)”,故选C项。
26.A　想想看今晚汤姆本可以偷走这笔钱,找个地方住下,但是他没有,他还是睡在了街上。此处用when引导定语从句,修饰tonight,故选A项。
27.B　这个人一无所有,“然而(yet)”他并未将钱包据为己有,前后有转折意味,应用yet连接,故选B项。
28.D　结合上文,他没有将钱包据为己有,“相反(instead)”的是,他为别人考虑,故选D项。
29.A　结合上文可知,汤姆的行为证明了无家可归的人中也有“诚实的(honest)”人,故选A项。
30.D　由下文“He also won praise from social media users...”可知,汤姆的行为“吸引(draw)”了公众的注意,故选D项。
31.B　由上文“He also won praise from social media users...”可知,此处是说在安德森把汤姆的行为“发布(post)”到社交媒体上后,他也赢得了来自社交媒体用户的赞扬,故选B项。
32.B　根据上文可知,汤姆无家可归,所以安德森在网上为他及这一地区的其他无家可归的人“筹(raise)”钱,故选B项。
33.D　由上文the faith可知,此处用介词in表示对某人的信任,show the faith in sb.“对某人有信心”。此处易受空前的show影响而误选介词for。
34.C　根据语境可知,此处表示汤姆得到了工作“机会(offer)”,故选C项。detail“细节”;change“变化”;application“申请”。
35.C　文章最后总结,对于汤姆来说,他的善举是改变他一生的一次“机会(chance)”,故选C项。lesson“课,教训”;adventure“冒险”;challenge“挑战”。
第二部分:阅读理解
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了作者第一次参加马拉松的经历。比赛前作者脚踝受伤,但依然坚持参加比赛,最终跑完了全程。通过这次经历,作者决心要做自己,不断向前。
36.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yet,I was determined to go ahead.”可知,马拉松前一个月,作者脚踝受伤,两个星期不能跑,只剩下两周的训练时间,但作者依然决定要去参加赛跑。故选C项。
37.C　推理判断题。第二段作者提到七年级时的一次体育课上,老师认为作者不擅长运动,作者以此说明自己不具备体育天赋,故选C项。
38.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished!”可知,作者最终跑完了马拉松比赛,故选A项。
39.B　主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了作者在第一次参加马拉松前的一个月,脚踝受伤,但他依然坚持参加比赛,最终跑完了全程。作者之所以能完成,靠的是坚强意志。只有这样的人才会是获胜者。故选B项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在航天航空中心进行的一个独特的冒险项目。
40.A　细节理解题。根据文章第一句“If you’re looking for a unique adventure,the Space and Aviation Center(SAC) is the place to be.”可知,人们来SAC是为了进行冒险,故选A项。
41.D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中第二句“At Space Camp,trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets...”可知,受训者在建造并发射火箭模型后便可获得纪念章,故选D项。
42.B　细节理解题。根据第四段“With all the programs,teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.”可知,在所有项目中团队合作都是关键所在,故选B项。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最新一项研究发现大蜡螟可以分解在塑料中占比为40%的聚乙烯。
43.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene,which accounts for 40% of plastics.”可知,研究者发现大蜡螟可以分解塑料,故选C项。
44.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The next step,DeBruyn says,will be to identify the cause of the breakdown.Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?”可知,Jennifer DeBruyn在接下来的研究中要弄清楚,是大蜡螟自身产生的酶,还是由其肠道微生物产生的酶?即她要弄清楚enzyme的来源,故选B项。
45.D　推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知,Bertocchini的团队研究成果将来也许会使用酶来分解垃圾填埋场中的塑料,但她也希望在某种工业进程中使用这种化学物质,言下之意是这种化学物质将来会投入工业生产。故选D项。
46.C　推理判断题。这篇文章介绍了最新一项研究发现大蜡螟可以分解塑料,故选C项。
D
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。介绍了人类即将进入“无人驾驶”时代,这将给人类带来益处还是带来不利影响?无论怎样,我们的时代已经为其做好了准备。
47.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,虽然目前人们一直关注无人驾驶车的安全问题,但作者认为政策制定者也应该关注无人驾驶技术如何帮助减轻交通阻塞、减排及提供更多的交通便利、可支付的出行选择等问题,即作者认为应关注无人驾驶技术能帮助减少这些与交通有关的问题,故选A项。
48.D　推理判断题。第三段主要描述了无人驾驶车的一些使用便利,即这些正是作者的关注点。management “管理;使用手段”可概括这些使用方法,故选D项。
49.A　词义猜测题。根据该句逗号后面“considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题).”可知,第一批无人驾驶车几乎可以确定是用于叫车服务,故此处划线词意思是“被使用(employed)”,故选A项。
50.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.”可知,作者对无人驾驶车是持积极支持的态度,故选B项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文章分析了引起愤怒的原因及应对的方法。
51.F　上文说引起愤怒的原因是多种多样的,知道这些原因有很重要的作用。由“The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events,personality traits(特征),and our assessment of situations.”可知,F项“如果我们愿意以批判的眼光来评价我们自己,那么理解这些原因将会有利于控制我们自己的愤怒”,这说明了理解这些原因的重要性。下文则围绕这几个原因加以说明,并给出应对的解决方法。故F项合适。
52.G　根据空后一句“The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.”可知,由于人们的履历和心理素质不同,人们对同一件事的反应是不一样的,故此处说明并非每个人对事件的反应都是相同的,这就是一个人可能会被激怒,而另一个则可能不会的原因。故选G项。
53.E　空前说明易发怒的人往往好竞争,容忍度较低,E选项中these personality traits与上文中的“personality traits”对应,故选E项。
54.A　此处为段落主题句。有时一些日常例行之事也会变成愤怒之源,有时对情境的无知和负面展望也会引发愤怒。该段最后一句中的“ignorance and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations”也是提示,故选A项。
55.D　由后一句中的However转折意义可知,此处说明愤怒是一种强烈的情感,接着话锋一转,说明愤怒可能会变得尤为强烈,所以最好要知道愤怒出现的原因,从而阻止它的发生,故选D项。
第三部分:书面表达
第一节
DearJim, 
I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter.First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture,I suggest you apply for Peking University,one of the best universities in China.Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.As for preparation,some reading in advance is needed like TheStoryoftheStone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt to the Chinese language environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes.If you have further questions,please feel free to let me know.
Yours,
LiHua 
第二节
Last week,we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture,which turned out to be extremely rewarding.
On arriving at the tea house,the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture,including its profound history,its rich variety,and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea.With their interest greatly sparked,I then began to teach them how to make tea.
In order to deliver a clear presentation,I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail.Absorbed in every move of mine,the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.
Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.Washing the tea pots,adding tea leaves,and pouring water into the cups,they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture.The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.
At the end of the activity,holding the tea bags in our hands,we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day.It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over the world.