2022年陕西省西安市阎、高、蓝、周四区联考高考英语一模试卷

这是一份2022年陕西省西安市阎、高、蓝、周四区联考高考英语一模试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了【答案】D、C、A，【答案】C、D、B、A，【答案】A、D、C、B，【答案】B、D、A、C，【答案】B、F、D、G、E等内容，欢迎下载使用。


2022年陕西省西安市阎、高、蓝、周四区联考高考英语一模试卷

A
Endless adventures for teenagers The world is full of mountains to climb,waves to surf and paths to follow.With junior membership you'll have unlimited access to all of the amazing places we look after,inside and out.
Go wild for watersports
Ever ridden a crashing wave or rowed under chalky cliffs（峭壁）？Feel alive as you surf the white water at Portstewart Strand on a body board or look at the blue seas of Studland Bay in a glass-bottomed boat.Climb,jump and swim your way around the dramatic Pembrokeshire coastline,all under the guidance of an expert instructor.
Sleep under the stars
Spend a week in the wild on a family camping trip at Wicken Fen.Listen for barn owls hooting and badgers snuffling.Wake up beside the water at Low Wray campsite.Hire bikes,paddleboards or rowing boats for an action-packed day out before refuelling with tasty pizza from a wood-fired oven.
Capture（拍摄）the moment
Head for the Farne Islands to shoot puffins landing on the cliffs and grey seals resting on the rocks.On still days you'll be able to take pictures of Snowdonia's peaks reflected in the lake's clear waters.And with 500 photogenic places to visit with your membership,you'll never be short of things to capture.
Grow your skills
Love being outdoors？Learn practical conservation skills and meet new people at your local Green Academies Project.Whether creating a natural play area or planting trees,you'll feel proud to care for the nature on your doorstep.
1. What do adventures around the Pembrokeshire coastline provide？ ______
A. Free bike hire. B. A glass-bottomed boat.
C. Expert recommendation. D. Professional guidance.
2. Where can teenagers camp？ ______
A. On the Farne Islands. B. At Studland Bay.
C. At Wicken Fen. D. At Portstewart Strand.
3. What do we know about the Green Academies Project？ ______
A. It encourages conservation efforts.
B. It is intended for research lovers.
C. It teaches photographic skills.
D. It is run indoors.
B
From the moment we wake up and check the messages on our smartphones,we're exposed to text design.Throughout our day,storefronts and websites announce themselves,first and foremost,through the typefaces（字体）they use.For Adonian Chan,a 33-year-old graphic designer born in Hong Kong and co-founder of design company Trilingua,the different texts we encounter in our daily lives amount to what he calls a "visual landscape".
In his hometown,signs written in traditional Chinese characters can be found around every corner.One calligraphy style,above all,has come to represent Hong Kong for Chan：Beiwei Kaishu,a dynamic way of writing that has its origins in 4th-century China.After World War Ⅱ，Beiwei Kaishu was used in Hong Kong signs,partly because it is highly legible，even from far distances.What sets Beiwei Kaishu apart from other Chinese writing styles is its unique construction,striking lines and unexpected angles,says Chan.
But with the appearance of computer-generated typefaces and LED signs,Chan says he observed that signs written in the style were disappearing from Hong Kong.As a consequence,few designers working today are aware of the Beiwei Kaishu style,he says.
In 2016，Chan asked Wong Gok Longa master of calligraphy in Hong Kong,to teach him to write in the Beiwei Kaishu style.Chan then started the process of digitizing the characters.He first wrote the characters on paper with a brush and ink,which gave him a sense of proportion.Next,he made a pencil sketch（素描）.Finally,he recreated the characters digitally,using a computer program called Glyphs.
He has named his typeface Beiwei Zansyu and hopes it will eventually appear on phones and computers. "Chan's effort is mere than missing bygone eras-it's reinterpreting and continuing our heritage（产）ins more contemporary life," says Keith Tam,head of communication design at the Hong Kong Design Institute.
4. What does the underlined word "legible" in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Original. B. Sensitive. C. Readable. D. Variable.
5. Why did Chan begin to learn to study Beiwei Kaishu？ ______
A. His talent for the writing style was spotted by a master.
B. He received an invitation to design a traditional sign.
C. His colleagues encouraged him to create a new style.
D. He found the writing style declined in Hong Kong.
6. What's Tam's attitude to Chan's work？ ______
A. Skeptical. B. Approving. C. Ambiguous. D. Uncaring.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. The art of digitizing ancient calligraphy
B. The difficulty in practicing calligraphy
C. Why should we observe tradition？
D. How does text design influence our life？
C
According to statistics shared by UNESCO，at least 43%of the total languages that are estimated as being spoken across the world are in danger of extinction.Moreover,many languages around the world have less than 1，000 speakers now.Linguists（语言学家）and researchers believe that by the end of the century,at least half of the world's languages will have died.This is troublesome,given that cultural identity and languages go hand in hand.
Language activists and people who speak these endangered languages are fighting back tooth and nail.Scientists believe that digitalization might be our only hope to preserve some of these quickly disappearing languages in the online world.
For instance,Oxford University Press launched Oxford Global Languages a few years ago.It is an initiative that boosts "digitally underrepresented" languages.They are focused on promoting languages that might have close to a million speakers worldwide,yet have little or no online presence.Therefore,they have been creating digital dictionaries as a fundamental building block to help preserve them.
There have been countless other projects like this with the same aim.Another is the Rosetta Project,which aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1，500 languages.It will be appropriately sized to fit nicely into our hands,and will come with around 13，000 pages of information.It will also have a high life expectancy of anywhere between 2，000 and 10，000 years.Initiatives like these have as their primary objective to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died.
Countless languages are dying every day,and they will continue to perish as the remaining speakers die.Of course,we cannot merely rely on digitalization to deal with worldwide language loss.However,it is a step in the right direction.These digital tools offer endangered languages an opportunity to bounce back and survive.
8. What does the data in paragraph 1 mainly show？ ______
A. Many languages are endangered.
B. Culture determines language evolution.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Many linguists attempt to protect threatened languages.
9. What does Oxford Global Languages try to do？ ______
A. Promote online courses of local languages.
B. Publish paper dictionaries of global languages.
C. Increase dying language speakers to a million.
D. Make certain languages available in digital form.
10. What can we learn about the digital library to be created by the Rosetta Project？ ______
A. It is portable but has a short life.
B. It is sponsored by Oxford University Press.
C. It provides protection for linguistic diversity.
D. It contains automatically updated information.
11. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "perish" in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Be enriched. B. Be lost. C. Be acquired. D. Be invented.
D
In an office building of Helsinki,Finland,a social worker is meeting six elderly people for lunch-via tablets propped on their kitchen tables.While many countries with growing elderly populations are building new care homes,Finland is looking after people in their own homes-by means of technology.
The most common reason for a home visit by a social worker is to check that Grandma is taking her medicine.A pill-dispensing（配药的）robot in her home can do that.Each holds a two-week supply of multiple drugs,gives a reminder when it is time to take them and dispenses the right combination.For one in five people who try them the robots don't work,usually because Grandma is reluctant to take lots of pills.But for the rest,they have cut medication-related visits from 30 to just four a month.
The idea of old folk living alone perhaps worries Finnish people less than many others；Finns pride themselves on their rugged self-reliance.A welcome pack for foreign journalists includes a book of cartoons depicting "Finnish nightmares"，such as having to say "hello" to a neighbour.Social isolation,however,is a big problem for the elderly because it leads to faster cognitive and physical decline.To deal with that,Helsinki runs virtual get-togethers for its homebound elderly.These should be regarded as extras,though.A degree of personal interaction,not just the virtual kind,is surely necessary even for Finns.
The biggest challenge for both humans and devices is to spot problems early.Local tech companies,including MariCare Oy and Benete,have developed systems to gather data on things like how often a person visits the bathroom or opens the fridge.Care workers use such data to prioritise whom to visit and what to check for.Not opening the fridge as often,for example,is a hint that memory problems may be getting worse.
The biggest gain from technology may be that it makes it easier to keep old people fit enough to remain in their own homes.This is much cheaper,and usually nicer,too.
12. How does Finland look after its elderly？ ______
A. By building more new care homes.
B. By offering them remote-care services.
C. By increasing the population of social workers.
D. By creating more senior-accessible public areas.
13. How can a pilldispensing robot help？ ______
A. It comforts the elderly reluctant to take pills
B. It reminds nurses to restore an elderly's drug supply.
C. It ensures the doctors give the right combination of pills.
D. It saves social workers the trouble of frequent home visits
14. What might the author suggest the Finns do？ ______
A. Make some face-to-face contact.
B. Stick to their tradition of self-reliance.
C. Run as many virtual get-togethers as possible.
D. Keep a safe social distance with their neighbours.
15. What is a shared goal of MariCare Oy and Benete？ ______
A. Freing the homebound elderly from restrictions.
B. Helping the elderly suffer less from memory loss.
C. Identifying potential health problems of the elderly.
D. Developing household systems suitable for the elderly.
When you've got too much to do,the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks,in order to free up hours to do the things you love.There are countless books promising to help you,but these attempts don't always work. (1)
The core problem is that the potential supply of new tasks is endless.Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work,thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee.It's the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane（车道）is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams. (2) So congestion（拥堵）remains as bad as it ever was.
(3) Social expectations do,too.Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners（吸尘器）were introduced,housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose.Deep down,we believe the false promise of ever more efficiency.Yes,modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them. (4)
The option you take is up to you：perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children.Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. (5) Otherwise,it'll get made for you-and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11：30 pm on a Friday night.

A.If you want to spend more time with your children,you have to do everything else more efficiently.
B.Instead,the more you struggle to 'get on top of things'，the busier you find yourself.
C.Get quicker at answering emails,and you'll get more of them.
D.It's not just work that mounts up as efficiency rises.
E.What maters is making the choice consciously.
F.The extra capacity just attracts more cars.
G.So tough choices are always ahead.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
"Mother Serious.Start Immediately, "said the express telegram,throwing our entire house into pandemonium（混乱）．My mother began crying,while my father began(21)quick-fire instructions to my two brothers and me to(22)for the six-and-a-half-hour journey to our village in Rajoli.
At 12，11 and nine years old,we boys were too(23) to sense the mood,and were excited at the(24) holiday.After a long bus ride,we had to cross a river to reach our (25).But the river was full and there were no boats to (26) us across.
Clearly we were in a dilemma,(27)to move forward or go back home.The only(28)in the area was an old inspection bungalow.Its doors were locked.My brothers and I remained(29)our difficult situation-we played in the garden until(30)and tiredness overtook us.
By dusk,our father was a(31)man,with no clue about our next move.Suddenly,we (32)a lone man walking towards us.He was the bungalow(33).As Father explained our(34)situation,he let us into the building and asked us if we had had anything to (35)all day.The three of us shook our heads.He then(36)to the riverbank with a towel,where he(37)a couple of fish using it as a net,made a fire and started cleaning and cooking the(38)
It was a simple meal,but the watchman's(39)and selfless generosity made it a (40)I've never forgotten over 50-odd years.
21.  A. reporting B. reading C. delivering D. relaying
22.  A. pay B. pack C. plan D. wait
23.  A. sick B. stupid C. good D. young
24.  A. unexpected B. annual C. desired D. adventurous
25.  A. country B. house C. destination D. exit
26.  A. drive B. push C. follow D. ferry
27.  A. unable B. likely C. ready D. afraid
28.  A. place B. chance C. structure D. difference
29.  A. satisfied with B. unaware of
C. interested in D. confused about
30.  A. loneliness B. fear C. sadness D. hunger
31.  A. worried B. surprised C. proud D. calm
32.  A. recognised B. spotted C. greeted D. stopped
33.  A. host B. visitor C. designer D. watchman
34.  A. ideal B. stable C. unpleasant D. unchanged
35.  A. order B. eat C. leave D. find
36.  A. came back B. set off
C. looked forward D. held on
37.  A. caught B. farmed C. kept D. prepared
38.  A. eggs B. lunch C. fish D. vegetables
39.  A. kindness B. patience C. honesty D. wisdom
40.  A. moment B. gift C. lesson D. feast
41. Wang Tao,founder and CEO of TAORAY WANG believes that beyond beauty,fashion is about absorbing and using social energy.As one of (1) most accomplished designers in China,she brought this vision into contemporary fashion with her collection ，taoray taoray.
The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 (2) （show）for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week (3) tradition met modernity.The (4) （inspire）came to fruition when taoray taoray's design team was introduced to Yi embroidery（刺绣）.The Yi ethnic group has thousands of years of history,and its splendid culture is valuable in Chinese society.Embroidery is a（n） (5) （remark）part of the culture,which is a symbol and treasure of Yi people's art and culture.
In order to create the collection,Wang and her team went to Chuxiong in Yunnan Province and (6) （dig）into the culture and history of Yi's craftsmanship（技艺）to gain insight into the essence and symbolism of Yi embroidery (7) （aim）to recall tradition,the design team applied the (8) （ pattern），colors,and techniques of Yi's culture (9) their contemporary fashion design,including T-shirts,jackets,shirts and other essentials.
The taoray taoray collection (10) （be） a reflection on how the designers are preserving culture to remind people of the beauty of tradition in daily life!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
We spent a special holiday this year because of the outbreak of a disease name COVID-19.Instead of celebrate the Spring Festival in traditional ways such as visiting relatives and friends,both of my family members stayed at home for nearly one month.My mother tries to cook different dishes for us who were learned from online videos.My father created much fun games for my younger brother or me to play together.At same time,we kept a close eye on the information about the fight against the disease.Because of the efforts of all Chinese,we believed the disease would be contained of and that we would be freely to go outdoors one day.
43. 假定你是李华，正在新西兰读书。你的好友Fred将负责学校文化节期间中国传统文化的演出策划。他想听听你的建议，请给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示赞赏；
2．关于演出内容的建议；
3．约定时间进一步讨论。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、A

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据Go wild for watersports中的Feel alive as you surf the white water at Portstewart Strand on a body board or look at the blue seas of Studland Bay in a glass-bottomed boat.Climb,jump and swim your way around the dramatic Pembrokeshire coastline,all under the guidance of an expert instructor.                                           （在专业教练的指导下，你可以在波特斯图尔特海滩的冲浪板上冲浪，或者坐在玻璃底的小船上观赏斯塔德兰湾的蓝色海洋，沿着彭布罗克郡的海岸线攀爬、跳跃、游泳。）可知围绕彭布鲁克郡海岸线的冒险活动提供专业指导。故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据Sleep under the stars   部分中的Spend a week in the wild on a family camping trip at Wicken Fen.              （花一个星期在野外的家庭野营旅行在威肯芬。）可知青少年可以在威肯芬露营，由此可知，故选C。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据 Grow your skills  中的Love being outdoors  ？Learn practical conservation skills and meet new people at your local Green Academies Project.             （喜欢户外活动吗？学习实用的环保技能，并在当地的绿色学院项目中结识新朋友。）可知绿色学院项目鼓励环保工作。故选A。
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读理解。主要讲的是青少年无尽的冒险。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）C．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的"even from far distances（即使从很远的距离。）"及"its unique construction,striking lines and unexpected angles（其独特的结构、鲜明的线条和出人意料的角度。）"可推断，第二段中带下划线的"legible"意思是"可读的"。A.Original.原创的。B.Sensitive.敏感的。C.Readable.可读性的。D.Variable.变量的。故选C项。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"But with the appearance of computer-generated typefaces and LED signs,Chan says he observed that signs written in the style were disappearing from Hong Kong.（但是，随着电脑生成字体和LED标识的出现，Chan说他发现这种字体的标识正在从香港消失。）"可知，Chan开始学习北魏楷书是因为他发现这种字体的标识正在从香港消失。故选D项。
（3）B．情感态度题。根据最后一段最后一句中的"Chan's effort is more than missing bygone eras — it's reinterpreting and continuing our heritage （遗产） ins more contemporary life （Chan的努力只不只是想念过去的时代---在现代的生活中持续的方式呈现我们的遗产。）"可推断，Tam对Chan作品的态度是比较认可的。A.Skeptical怀疑的；B.Approving批准的；C.Ambiguous有野心的；D.Uncaring不关心的。故选B项。
（4）A．标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了北魏楷书在香港的兴起、衰落及主人公在北魏楷书数字化方面所作的努力。由此推知，The art of digitizing ancient calligraphy（古代书法数字化的艺术。）适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位年轻人将北魏楷书数字化的事迹。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。第一段中的"at least 43% of the total languages…are in danger of extinction.Many languages around the world have less than 1，000 speakers now（至少43%的语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。现在世界上许多语言的使用者不到1000人。）"以及 "by the end of the century,at least half of the world's languages will have died（到本世纪末，世界上至少有一半的语言将会消亡。）"提到的数据分别表明，全世界至少有43%的语言正面临灭绝的危险，现在世界上许多语言的使用者不到 1，000 人，而且到本世纪末，世界上至少一半的语言将消亡。由此推知，这些数据是为了说明许多语言都濒临灭绝。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Oxford Global Languages…is an initiative that boosts " digitally underrepresented" languages.They are focused on…yet have little or no online presence,therefore,they have been creating digital dictionaries（牛津全球语言是一项促进"数字弱势"语言的倡议。他们专注于……但很少或没有在网上出现……他们一直在创建数字词典。）"可知，Oxford Global Languages是一项促进"数字代表性不足"语言的倡议，通过创建数字词典来推广那些在全世界有近100 万人说、但几乎没有或根本没有线上形式的语言。也就是说，这一项目致力于使某些语言能够以数字形式保留下来。故选D。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"Rosetta Project,which aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1，500 languages（罗塞塔项目的目标是创建一个携带1500多种语言的手持数字图书馆。）" 以及"Initiatives like these have as their primary objective to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died（这类举措的主要目标是确保当地语言在使用者去世后仍能长期保存。）"可知，Rosetta Project旨在创建一个可手持的数字图书馆，内含1，500 多种语言。类似这样的项目的首要目标是确保某些地方语言在使用者去世后仍能保留下来。也就是说，Rosetta Project创建数字图书馆是为了保护地方语言，即保护语言的多样性。故选C。
（4）B.词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的"Countless languages are dying every day（每天都有无数的语言在消亡。）"和continue以及后面的the remaining speakers die可知，每天都有无数种语言在消亡，它们将随着剩下的使用者的死亡而继续"消亡"。根据语境可知perish与die是同义词，意为 "消亡，消失"，A.Be enriched丰富；B.Be lost消失；C.Be acquired获得；D.Be invented发明。故选Be lost。故选B。
本文是说明文，主要讲的是世界上的很多语言面临消失的危险，而技术和数码工具可能是保护这些濒危语言的最佳方式之一。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、C

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段的首句"In an office building of Helsinki,Finland,a social worker is meeting six elderly people for lunch-via tablets propped on their kitchen tables. （在芬兰赫尔辛基的一栋办公大楼里，一位社会工作者正在与六位老人共进午餐——他们把平板电脑放在餐桌上。） "可知，芬兰为应对其人口老龄化，推出了远程护理的服务。故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的前两句"The most common reason for a home visit by a social worker is to check that Grandma is taking her medicine.A pill-dispensing （配药的） robot in her home can do that.（社会工作者进行家访最常见的原因是检查奶奶是否在吃药。她家里的一个配药机器人可以做到这一点。每一种都能储存两周的多种药物，提醒人们何时该服用这些药物，并分配正确的组合。） "及最后一句"But for the rest,they have cut medication-related visits from 30 to just four a month. （但对于其他人，机器人已经将与药物相关的治疗次数从每月30次减少到4次。）"可知，社工家访最常见的原因是检查老人是否遵医嘱服药。在老人家里配备一台配药机器人就可以做到这一点了，机器人把为检查服药而登门的次数从每月30次减少到了4次，由此可知配药机器人为社会工作者省去了频繁家访的麻烦。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第三段的前两句"The idea of old folk living alone perhaps worries Finnish people less than many others；Finns pride themselves on their rugged self-reliance. （对于老年人独自生活的想法，芬兰人不像其他国家的人们那么担心；芬兰人以他们坚韧不拔的自力更生而自豪。） "可知，在让老人独自生活这一点上，芬兰人不像其他国家的人们那么担心——毕竟芬兰人一向以他们坚定质朴的独立自主精神为荣。根据第三段中间部分"Social isolation,however,is a big problem for the elderly because it leads to faster cognitive and physical decline.（然而，社会孤立对老年人来说是一个大问题，因为它会导致认知和身体的更快衰退。） "可知社交孤立对于老人来说是个大问题，因为这会加快认知能力和身体机能的衰退。根据第三段的最后一句"A degree of personal interaction,not just the virtual kind,is surely necessary even for Finns. （即使对芬兰人来说，一定程度的个人互动，不仅仅是虚拟的那种，也是必要的。）"可知一定程度面对面社交——而不仅仅是虚拟互动-是绝对必要的，即便对芬兰人也一样。由此可知，作者可能建议芬兰人进行一些面对面社交。故选A。
（4）C.推理判断题。第四段的首句"The biggest challenge for both humans and devices is to spot problems early.（对于人类和设备来说，最大的挑战是尽早发现问题。） "为本段的主题句。根据本段二、三句"Local tech companies,including MariCare Oy and Benete,have developed systems to gather data on things like how often a person visits the bathroom or opens the fridge.Care workers use such data to prioritise whom to visit and what to check for. （包括MariCare Oy和Benete在内的当地科技公司已经开发出了收集数据的系统，比如人们上厕所或打开冰箱的频率。护理人员利用这些数据来确定探视对象和检查对象的优先顺序。）"可知这两家公司开发出系统用于收集老年人上厕所或打开冰箱的频率等相关数据。护理人员根据这些数据来确定优先家访的对象和要检查的事项。也就是说，这两家公司致力于发现老年人的潜在健康隐患。且本段首句中的"early"与答案选项中的"potential"互为近义关系。故选C。
文是一篇说明文。芬兰用科技来解决老年人的护理问题，让更多的老人在自己的家中养老。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】B、F、D、G、E

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据上文"When you've got too much to do,the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks,in order to free up hours to do the things you love.There are countless books promising to help you,but these attempts don't always work.（当你有太多的事情要做时，自然的反应是试着安排更多的任务，这样就能腾出更多的时间来做你喜欢的事情。有无数的书承诺会帮助你，但这些尝试并不总是有效）"可知，本句承上进行进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。故B选项"相反，你越是努力"掌控一切"，你就会发现自己越忙"符合语境，故选B。
（2）F.细节理解题。根据上文"It's the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams.（就个人而言，这相当于在高速公路上增加一条新车道以缓解交通堵塞）"可知，上文提到相当于增加了一条新车道，故本句承接上文说明其影响：吸引更多的汽车。F项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。故F选项"额外的产能只会吸引更多的汽车"符合语境，故选F。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据上一段中"Get faster at completing work projects and you'll simply be given more work,thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee.（更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作，这要归功于你作为高效率员工的声誉）"以及后文"Social expectations do,too.Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners were introduced,housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose.（社会期望也一样。历史学家Ruth Cowan的研究强调，当洗衣机和吸尘器问世后，家务劳动变得更加繁重，因为清洁标准也提高了）"可知，上一段提到"更快地完成工作项目，你会得到更多的工作"，后文则提到了"社会期望也会增加"，可知本句承上启下，说明效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加，社会期望也会增加。故D选项"随着效率的提高，不仅仅是工作的增加"符合语境，故选D。
（4）G.因果关系题。根据上文"Yes,modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work-but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them.（是的，适度提高生产率可以帮助你完成更多的工作-—但事实是，值得做的事情总是比值得花时间去做的事情多）可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多，故本句与上文呈因果关系：正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。故G选项"所以艰难的选择总是在前方"符合语境，故选G。
（5）E.推理判断题。根据上文"The option you take is up to you：perhaps you'll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children.Or perhaps you're willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it.（你的选择取决于你自己：也许你会决定忍受家里乱糟糟的，以便花更多的时间给你的孩子读书。或者你愿意牺牲办公室里最好员工的名声，因为你的副业是珠宝设计师，这是值得的）"以及后文"Otherwise,it'll get made for you—and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11：30 p.m.on a Friday night.（否则，它会成为你身上特有的事情，你可能会发现自己在周五晚上11点半回复邮件）"根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故E选项"重要的是有意识地做出选择"符合语境，故选E。
本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌提出了一些建议。
选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。

21~40.【答案】C、B、D、A、C、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、B、B、A、C、A、D

【解析】（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.reporting报道；B.reading阅读；C.delivering宣布，下达；D.relaying传达。句意：我的母亲开始哭泣，而我的父亲开始给我和两个兄弟下达快速指令，让我们收拾行李，准备赶六个半小时的路程回我们在Rajoli的村庄。根据下文"quick-fire instructions to my two brothers and me"可知，空处是指父亲向我们下达指令。故选C项。
（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.pay付款；B.pack打包；C.plan计划；D.wait等待。句意：我的母亲开始哭泣，而我的父亲开始给我和两个兄弟下达快速指令，让我们收拾行李，准备赶六个半小时的路程回我们在Rajoli的村庄。根据上文中的Mother Serious,Start Immediately,"和"pandemonium"以及下文中的"six-and-a-half-hour journey to our village"可知，收到祖母病重的电报后，全家陷入了混乱，妈妈开始哭了，爸爸火速"下达（delivering）"命令让我们赶紧"收拾行李（pack）"。故选B项。
（3）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.sick恶心的；B.stupid愚套的；C.good好的；D.young年轻的。句意：我们分别都是12岁、11岁和9岁的小孩子，我们太小了从而感觉不到当时的情绪，只是对这个意外的假期很兴奋。根据该空前的"12，11 and nine years old"可知，我们兄弟三人都太"小（young）"，感觉不到父母情绪的变化。故选D项。
（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unexpected没有预料的；B.annual每年的；C.desired期望得到的；D.adventurous冒险的。句意：我们分别都是12岁、11岁和9岁的小孩子，我们太小了从而感觉不到当时的情绪，只是对这个意外的假期很兴奋。根据第一段的描述可知，收到祖母病重的电报后，我们一家紧急决定赶六个半小时的路程回我们在Rajoli的村庄，故这是一次"突如其来的（unexpected）"出行。故选A项。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.country国家；B.house房子；C.destination目的地；D.exit出口。句意：坐了很长时间的公共汽车后，我们不得不渡过一条河才能到达目的地。根据上文中的"our village in Rajoli"可知，我们过条河才能到达"目的地（destination）"。故选C项。
（6）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.drive开车；B.push推；C.follow跟随；D.ferry摆渡。句意：但是河水满了，没有船送我们过河。根据上文中的had to cross a river和there were no boats可知，要过河，我们得坐船，但是那天没有船可以"渡（ferry）"我们过河。ferry在此处作动词，意为"（以渡船）运送；摆渡；渡运"。故选D项。
（7）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unable不能够的；B.likely可能的；C.ready准备好的；D.afraid害怕的。句意：很明显，我们处于进退两难的境地，既不能前进，也不能回家。根据该空前的"in a dilemma"可知，我们"无法（unable）"前进，也无法回家。故选A项。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.place地方；B.chance机会；C.structure建筑物；D.difference差异。句意：这个地区唯一的建筑是一幢旧的视察平房。根据该空后的"an old inspection bungalow"以及下文中的"let us into the building"可知，周围唯一的"建筑物（structure）"就是一个旧的检查平房。故选C项。
（9）B.考查形容词短语及语境理解。A satisfied with对…满意；B.unaware of不知道；C.interested in对…感兴趣；D.confused about对…困惑。句意：我和我的兄弟们一直对我们的困难处境一无所知—我们在花园里玩，直到我们又饿又累。根据该空后的we played in the garden until（10）and tiredness overtook us可知，我们兄弟三人依然"没有意识到（unaware of）"我们的艰难处境。故选B项。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.loneliness孤单；B.fear害怕；C.sadness悲伤；D.hunger饥饿。句意：我和我的兄弟们一直对我们的困难处境一无所知—我们在花园里玩，直到我们又饿又累。根据该空后并列的tiredness以及下文对作者一家一天没有吃东西的描述可知，我们在花园里玩耍，直到我们感到"饥饿（hunger）"和疲倦。故选D项。
（11）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.worried担心的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.proud自豪的；D.calm冷静的。句意：黄昏时分，父亲忧心忡忡，对我们的下一步行动毫无头绪。根据上文中的in a dilemma以及该空后的with no clue about our next move可知，到了黄昏，爸爸变得"忧心忡忡（worried）"。故选A项。
（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.recognised认出；B.spotted看见，注意到；C.greeted 问候；D.stopped阻止。句意：突然，我们看到一个孤独的人向我们走来。根据该空后的"a lone man walking towards us"可知，突然，我们"看到（spotted）"一个人向我们走来。故选B项。
（13）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.host主人；B.visitor访客；C.designer设计者；D.watchman看守人。句意：他是平房的看守人。根据最后一段中的"the watchman's..and seliless generosity"可知，向我们走来的这个人是检查平房的"看守人（watchman）"。此处与下文中的watchman是原词复现。故选D项。
（14）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.ideal理想的；B.stable稳定的；C.unpleasant不愉快的；D.unchanged未改变的。句意：父亲解释了我们不愉快的情况后，他让我们进了楼，并问我们这一整天是否吃过什么东西。根据第三段中的"our difficult situation"可知，父亲和这位看守人说了我们所处的困境。此处 unpleasant与上文中的difficult构成同义词复现关系。故选C项。
（15）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.order命令；B.eat吃；C.leave离开；D.find发现。句意：父亲解释了我们不愉快的情况后，他让我们进了楼，并问我们这一整天是否吃过什么东西。根据下文的描述以及最后一段中的"It was a simple meal"可知，这位看守人让我们进了房子，问我们一整天是否有"吃东西（eat）"。故选B项。
（16）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.came back 返回；B.set off出发；C.looked forward期望；D.held on坚持。句意：然后，他拿着一条毛巾来到河边，用毛巾捕了几条鱼，然后生火，开始清洗和烹饪鱼。根据该空后的"to the riverbank"可知，此处指这位看守人"起身（set off） "去往河畔。故选B项。
（17）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.farmed耕种；C.kept保持；D.prepared准备。句意：然后，他拿着一条毛巾来到河边，用毛巾捕了几条鱼，然后生火，开始清洗和烹饪鱼。根据文中的描述可知，这位看守人在河边用毛巾当网"抓了（caught）"几条鱼。故选A项。
（18）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.eggs鸡蛋；B.lunch午饭；C.fish鱼；D.vegetables蔬菜。句意：然后，他拿着一条毛巾来到河边，用毛巾捕了几条鱼，然后生火，开始清洗和烹饪鱼。根据上文中的"a couple of fish"以及该空前的"started cleaning and cooking"可知，这位看守人抓了几条鱼，生了火，然后开始清洗和烹饪"鱼（fish）"。故选C项。
（19）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善意；B.patience耐心；C.honesty诚实；D.wisdom智慧。句意：这顿饭很简单，但守夜人的善良和无私的慷慨让我50多年来从未忘记这顿丰盛的晚餐。根据上文对这位看守人热心帮助我们的描述以及该空后并列的"selfless generosity"可知，此处是指他的"善意（kindness）"和慷慨。故选A项。
（20）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.moment时刻；B.gift礼物；C.lesson课；D.feast盛宴。句意：这顿饭很简单，但守夜人的善良和无私的慷慨让我50多年来从未忘记这顿丰盛的晚餐。根据上文中的"It was a simple meal"以及but表达的转折可知。此处与前面的sinple meal形成强烈的对比，故"feast（盛宴）"符合此处语境。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家在赶回Rajoli的途中遇到陌生人的热心帮助。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

41.【答案】【小题1】the
【小题2】was shown
【小题3】where
【小题4】inspiration
【小题5】remarkable
【小题6】dug
【小题7】Aiming
【小题8】patterns
【小题9】to
【小题10】is


【解析】（1）the.考查冠词。句意：作为中国最有成就的设计师之一，她将这一愿景带入了她的时装系列---taoray taoray。根据设空处前面的one of以及后面的most accomplished designers可知，此处表示最高级，应用定冠词，故填the。
（2）was shown.考查动词时态语态。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。根据本句中的Spring Summer 2020可知，此处应用一般过去时，因为The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020与show之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was shown。
（3）where.考查定语从句。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 world stage,并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
（4）inspiration.考查不可数名词。句意：当taoray taoray的设计团队被介绍彝族刺绣时产生了这一灵感。根据设空处前面的The和后面的 came to fruition可知，设空处作主语且，应用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填inspiration。
（5）remarkable.考查形容词。句意：刺绣是彝族文化的重要组成部分，是彝族艺术文化的象征和瑰宝。设空处在句中作定语，应用形容词remarkable,修饰part,意为"不寻常的"，故填remarkable。
（6）dug.考查动词时态。句意：为了创建这个集合，小王和她的团队去了云南楚雄挖掘彝族技艺的文化和历史。根据设空处的并列谓语went可知，此处应用dig的一般过去时，故填dug。
（7）Aiming.考查现在分词。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。the design team与aim之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表主动，故填Aiming。
（8）patterns.考查可数名词的复数。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。pattern在此为可数名词，且与colors和techniques并列，应用名词复数形式，故填patterns。
（9）to.考查介词。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。apply…to…是固定搭配，表示"将……应用于……"。故填to。
（10）is.考查主谓一致。句意：taoray taoray系列是设计师如何保存文化，提醒人们在日常生活中的传统之美的反映！根据本句中的are preserving可知，设空处应用一般现在时，因为句子的主语是collection,故填is。
本文是新闻报道。中国设计师王陶和设计团队将彝族刺绣融合在服装设计中，让世界领略了东方文化在时尚中的全新表达。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

42.【答案】We spent a special holiday this year because of the outbreak of a disease  name COVID-19.Instead of  celebrate the Spring Festival in traditional ways such as visiting relatives and friends, both of my family members stayed at home for nearly one month.My mother  tries to cook different dishes for us  who were learned from online videos.My father created  much fun games for my younger brother  or me to play together.At ∧same time,we kept a close eye on the information about the fight against the disease.Because of the efforts of all Chinese,we believed the disease would be contained of and that we would be  freely to go outdoors one day.
 【详解】
（1）name改为named.考查过去分词。句意：今年我们度过了一个特殊的节日，因为一种名为COVID-19的疾病爆发了。句中已有谓语动词，所以这里用非谓语动词。名词a disease与动词name是被动关系，所以用动词过去分词作后置定语。故将name改为named。
（2）celebrate改为celebrating.考查动名词。句意：我的家人没有走亲访友等传统方式过春节，而是在家里呆了近一个月。介词of后用动名词作宾语。故将celebrate改为celebrating。
（3）both改为all.考查代词。句意：我的家人没有走亲访友等传统方式过春节，而是在家里呆了近一个月。根据"my family members"和常识可知，家庭成员一般为三者以上。故将both改为all。
（4）tries改为tried.考查时态。句意：我妈妈试着给我们做不同的菜，这些菜都是从网络视频中学来的。分析文章时态可知，这是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将tries改为tried。
（5）who改为that/which.考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈试着给我们做不同的菜，这些菜都是从网络视频中学来的。句中先行词为dishes,指物，在定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故将who改为that/which。
（6）much改为many.考查形容词。句意：我的父亲创造了许多有趣的游戏，我的弟弟和我一起玩。games是可数名词，所以用many修饰。故将much改为many。
（7）or改为and.考查连词。句意：我的父亲创造了许多有趣的游戏，让我的弟弟和我一起玩。前后是并列关系而非选择关系。故将or改为and。
（8）在same前添the.考查冠词。句意：与此同时，我们密切关注抗击疫情的相关信息。固定短语at the same time"同时"。故在same前添the。
（9）of删去.考查动词用法。句意：因为所有中国人的努力，我们相信疾病会得到控制，我们会有一天可以自由出门。动词contain为"抑制"之意，是及物动词。故将of删去。
（10）freely改为free.考查形容词。句意：因为所有中国人的努力，我们相信疾病会得到控制，我们会有一天可以自由出门。固定短语be free to do"自由做某事"，形容词作表语。故将freely改为free。

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了疫情期间给大家生活带来的变化。
短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等。此外，还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等。

43.【答案】Dear Fred,
I'm glad to hear there' ll be a performance of Chinese traditional culture during our school culture festival.Here is my advice.（表示赞赏）
Chinese shadow play should be included in the performance because it is so magic.【高分句型一】Besides,the show of Hanfu is a good choice because more and more people have shown interest in it.To ensure the performance goes well,we'd better choose performers in advance and have some practice.（关于演出内容的建议）If necessary,I'd like to have a detailed discussion with you at your convenience.【高分句型二】（约定时间进一步讨论）
I'm looking forward to the performance.（盼望）
Yours,
Li Hua

【解析】高分句型一：Chinese shadow play should be included in the performance because it is so magic.
译文：中国皮影戏应该包括在表演中，因为它太神奇了。
分析：这句话使用了because引导原因状语从句。
高分句型二：If necessary,I'd like to have a detailed discussion with you at your convenience.
译文：如有必要，我想在你方便的时候与你进行详细的讨论。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的省略的条件状语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。