高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 What an adventure!学案设计

Unit 5 Learning from nature

阅读P56－57教材中的材料，选择最佳选项。

1．What's the main idea of the passage?

A．Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both influential poets of their day.

B．Tao Yuanming and Thoreau both treated nature in the same way.

C．Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both fond of seeking harmony in nature in their quiet life.

D．Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both enthusiastic about living to serve at court.

2．Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court?

A．He was paid only five dou of grain.

B．He was tired of the conflict over life at court.

C．He could live a decent life in the rural area.

D．He was forced to do this by his superior.

3．What's the reason for Thoreau's return to nature?

A．He wanted to seek a peaceful life.

B．He wanted to live a decent life.

C．He was forced by the conflict to do so.

D．The life he lived then was too arduous(艰苦的)．

4．What is the feature of Tao's works?

A．A depressive court life. B．Frontier style.

C．Jungle scenery. D．Fields and villages.

5．The author wants people to          according to the passage.

A．live a life in the countryside

B．attain personal well­being and fulfilment

C．live with as much material as we can

D．live a free life

[答案]　1－5　CBADB

Words and Phrases

　withdraw v．退出

(教材P57)　Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.

两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退，在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。

[例]　He talked to us for an hour and then withdrew.

他跟我们谈了一小时的话就走了。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Tell the men to withdraw from their new position.

②He has made several withdrawals(withdrawl)from his bank account.

③ We didn't know how the thief withdrew money from others' accounts.

我们不知道那个小偷是怎样从别人的账号里取走钱的。

　resign v．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)

(教材P57)　Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air，drink the drink，taste the fruit，and resign yourself to the influences of each.

好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切。

[例]　Wilberforce then resigned from government in 1825 and died in 1833.

威尔伯福斯于1825年从政府辞职，1833年去世。

[即学即练]　 单句语法填空/句式升级

①His parents were annoyed to hear that he had resigned from the company.

②To look after her sick mother，Mary decided to resign as manager in the company.

③Our teacher encourages us not to resign ourselves(us) to our fate.

④After he had resigned from the factory，he went to a larger city.

→Having resigned from the factory，he went to a larger city.(用现在分词短语作状语)

　ease n．舒适，放松，悠闲vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)；缓和

(教材P57)　In today's modern world，their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well­being and fulfilment.

在当今现代世界里，他们关于简朴生活及与自然和谐相处的思想可能会让我们离获得安乐和满足更近一步。

[例]　My parents are retired and now live a life of ease.

现在，我的父母都退休了，过着安闲舒适的生活。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease.

②I don't feel at ease in the strange place.

在这个陌生的地方，我觉得很不自在。

③Now he can put his mind at ease because he has passed the examination with ease．

现在他可以放心了，因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。

　evaluate v．评估，评价

(教材P58)　A comparative essay compares，contrasts and evaluates two or more topics.

比较类文章比较、对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。

[例]　The school has only been open for six months，so it's hard to evaluate its success now.

该学校仅开办了六个月，所以现在还很难估计它的成就。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换

①We must evaluate her ability on/by her work.

②We must evaluate the consequences caused by the fire.

→We must make an evaluation of the consequences caused by the fire.

Sentence Pattern

　while引导让步状语从句

(教材P56)　While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.

陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。

句式分析：句中while引导让步状语从句，相当于although/though。

[例]　 While I admit that the problems are difficult，I don't agree that they cannot be solved.

尽管我承认这些问题很棘手，但我不同意说它们无法解决。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Some people waste food while others haven't enough.

②He sat for a while，thinking about what Janice had said to him.

③While there is life(只要有生命)，there is hope.

④While she was listening to the radio(她听着收音机时)，she fell asleep.

段落大意题

[方法技巧]

段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。

此类试题多在说明文和议论文中所涉及的各类话题如社会文化类、科普知识类等进行考查。

[例文]

...

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution(进化)provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive(认知的)systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it，“It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

What is the main idea of the paragraph?

A．The world may be more clearly explained through children's play.

B．Studying babies' play may lead to a better understanding of science.

C．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

D．One's drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

B　[根据“Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.”可知，研究孩子可以让人们更好的了解科学。故选B。]

[即学即练]

A

…

A separate concert，“Songs We Love”，found Bridgewater singing less politically charged (but still exciting)fare like St.James Infirmary，which appears on her most recent album.In words as well as music，this period reveals how seriously Bridgewater takes that responsibility，seeing as how it connects to her own experience in the jazz lineage.But maybe“seriously”isn't the right word when it comes to Dee Dee，whose effervescence(欢腾，活泼)shines through even in a reflective mood.Join her here for a while; she's excellent company，no more or less so now that mastery is officially a part of her resume.

What does the paragraph mainly talk about?

A．Bridgewater's music theme.

B．Bridgewater's music experience.

C．Bridgewater's personal characters.

D．Bridgewater's great achievements.

A　[段落大意题。根据文中的“singing less politically charged...”可知，她的歌曲政治味不太强烈，故本段主要讲了布里姬沃特的音乐主题。]

B

There is a breakthrough in building aircrafts.Bendable wings covered with overlapping(部分重叠)pieces resembling fish sizes could be used to build swifter，fuel­efficient aircraft，a new study finds.

Nowadays，conventional aircrafts typically rely on ailerons(副翼)to help control the way the planes tip as they fly.However，when the Wright brothers flew the first airplane，Flyer 1，over a century ago，they used no ailerons but wires and pulleys that twisted the wood­and­canvas wings，to control the plane.

Scientists have long sought to develop aircrafts that can alter their wings during flight，just as birds can.However，most previous attempts have failed because they relied on heavy mechanical control structures within the wings.These structures were also complex and unreliable，said Neil Gershenfeld，a physicist and director of the Center for Bits and Atoms at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)．

The new wing consists of a system of tiny，strong，lightweight modules.The shape of the wing can be changed uniformly along its length using two small motors，which apply a twisting pressure to each wingtip.These wings are covered in“skins”of overlapping strips of flexible material resembling fish sizes.These strips move across each other as the wings alter，providing a smooth outer surface，the researchers explained.

What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The shape of the new wings.

B．The result of the tested wings.

C．The function of the small motors.

D．The working principle of the new wings.

D　[段落大意题。根据文章第四段内容可知，本段主要讲述了新机翼的工作原理。故选D。]