2020-2021学年Unit 1 People around us学案及答案
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这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 1 People around us学案及答案,共11页。
Unit 1 第2讲-语法篇
1. 了解定冠词与不定冠词的含义
2. 分析定冠词与不定冠词的用法
3. 熟练运用定冠词与不定冠词
A I have a pencil [ˈpensl]
A/ an 是不定冠词,就是不特指,一般指第一次提到的人/物
A+辅音音标开头的单词
An I have an apple.
An+原音音标开头的单词
The 是定冠词,就是指之前提过的特指的人/物
The Tom has a car, the car is blue.
The +第二次提到的人或物
1. 冠词的概念
冠词
用法:只能和名词一起使用。
定义:是一种虚词,不能单独使用
可分为两种
定冠词:The
不定冠词:A/ An
1.1 定冠词
区别于不定冠词,定冠词具有确定的意思,用以特指人或事物,表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个,以别于同类中其他的人或事物,相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。它可以和单、复数名词,也可以和不可数的名词连用。
2. 定冠词的用法
① 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到用“the”)
I got a letter yesterday, the letter was sent by e-mail.
② 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物
the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the sky 天 the world 世界
③ 特殊用法
用以特指某(些)人或某(些)事物
This is the house where Luxun once lived.
用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物
Open the door, please. 请把门打开
用在序数词和形容词最高级前
January is the first month of the year.
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
表示方向、方位
in the east 在东方 in the front 在前面
in the bottom 在底部 on the right 在右边
在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前
the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Yellow River 黄河
用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:
the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国
the United States 美国
表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加the
play the piano 弹钢琴
play the violin 拉小提琴
在中国传统节日前加the
The Spring Festival春节
The Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节(端午节)
The Mid-autumn Festival中秋节
某些固定的表达法
in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
go to the cinema/ theatre
all the year round 一年到头
on the way to 前往...去的路上
在姓氏复数前,表示一家人
The Bakers came to see me yesterday.
The Greens are having dinner at home.
Ps: 不使用定冠词的情况:三餐前,四季,进行球类活动前不加the.
口诀:特指双熟悉,上文已提及。世上独无二,序数最高级。
某些专有名,习语及乐器。有水无湖就用the
惯用法:at the same time 同时 by the way 顺便问一句 for the present 暂时 go to the cinema 看电影 in the end 最后 in the dark 在黑暗中,不知道 in the least 一点,丝毫 in the open 在野外 in the past 在过去 in the long run从长远来看 in the event of 万一 in the morning 在上午 in the way 挡道,碍事 on the whole总体上 on the other hand 另一方面 on the contrary相反地 out of the question不可能的
例题1.I like playing ______football and ______piano in my free time.
A. 不填, the B. 不填, 不填 C. the, the D. the, 不填 解析
解析:第一空为零冠词考点,第二空为定冠词考点。第一空为球类名词前用零冠词,后一空为乐器名词前用定冠词。
答案:A
例题2
I bought _____English dictionary yesterday and _____English dictionary is ______useful guidance book (参考书) for me to learn English.
A. a, the, a B. an, the, an C. an, the, a D. a, the, an
解析:第一空和第三空为不定冠词考点, 第二空为定冠词考点。 第一空表示一的数量一本,其后第一音素为元音码,第二空表示特指那本, 第三空表示一的数量一本,其后第一音素为辅音, 一的数量为不定冠词用法, 特指为定冠词用法。
答案:C
例题3 Open ____door and _____windows please. We need some fresh air. A. a, the B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the
解析:定冠词考点,表示说话人与听话人均明确的事物或人为特指用法,用定冠词.
答案:C
基础演练
一、选择填空。
1.—Does Jim have _______ ruler? —Yes,he has _______ .
A.an;some B.a;one C.a;/ D.any;one
2.There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's.
A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away.
A.The B.A C.An D.Two
4.—How many books do you have?
—I have _______ book.That's _______ English book.
A. a;an B.a;one C.one;an D.one;one
4. At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.
A.a B.an C.the D./
6. _______ tiger is _______ China.
A.The;a B.A;the C.The;from D.The;the
7.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
A.the;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;/
8. _______ useful book it is!
A.What an B.How a C.What a D.What
9.One afternoon he found _______ handbag.There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag.
A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.an;an;an D.the;a;a
10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.
A.An;an;a B.The;/;an C.The;/;a D.The;/;the
11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.
A.A;a B.The;the C.A;the D.The;a
12. _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River
A.The;a B.A;/ C.A;the D.An;the
13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.
A.A;an B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the
14.He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.
A.a;a B.a;the C./;a D.a;/
15.They made him _______ king.
A.a B.the C.an D./
16.His father is _______ English teacher.He works in our school.
A.a B.an C.the D./
17.Is he _______ American boy ?
A.an B.a C.one D./
18.Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school?
A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.a;/
19.They passed our school _______ day before yesterday.
A.an B.one C.a D.the
20.Australia is _______ English-speaking country.
A.a B.an C.the D./
21.She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.
A.a;The B.an;The C.an;A D.the;The
22.This is _______ apple.It's _______ big apple.
A.an;a B.a;the C.a;an D.an;the
23.Look at _______ horse over there.
A.a B.an C.the D./
24.Don't play _______ basketball here.It's dangerous.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
25.There is _______ old woman in the car.
A./ B.the C.a D.an
26.Beijing is _______ beautiful city.It's _______ capital of China.
A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the
27.Shanghai is in _______ east of China.
A./ B.an C.a D.the
28.I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.
A.a B.an C.the D./
29.Bill is _______ English teacher.He likes playing _______ football.
A.a;the B.an;the C.a;/ D.an;/
30.The museum is quite far.It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus.
A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;/ D./;/
巩固提高
一、冠词填空:在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划×。
1. There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.
2. This is _______ useful book.I've read it for _______ hour.
3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.
4. _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.
5.Let's go out for _______ walk.
6.It's too hot.Open _______ door,please.
7.There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei's mother.
8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.
9. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
10.Are you going to do it _______ second time?
11.Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA.
12. _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street.
13.He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995.
14. _______ old man is _______ teacher.He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper.
15.After I had _______ quick breakfast,I hurried to school.
16.Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat?
17.They went to _______ People's Park,but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.
18.I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
19. _______ day of _______ December 20,1999 is Monday.
20.Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today.
21.I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject.
22.He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike.
23.What does this _______ word mean, _______ Father?
24.What _______ important news!
一、单选
1.We’ll be traveling by ________ camel across the desert before we go to ________university.
A. /; the B. the; / C. /; / D. the; a
2. Richard Powers’ The Echo Maker, ____ novel set in ___ small t own of Kearney, Nebraska, US, has won the 57th US National Book Award for fiction.
A. the; the B. a; a; C. a; the D. /; the
3.He is in ____ control of the company. I mean, the company is in _ ___ control of him.
A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /
4.Now that Tom hates_______ school, the school becomes_______ prison to him
A. a;a B. /;a C. a;/ D. /;/
5.In _____ preparation for the launching of ShenzhouⅦ, scientists need ______ knowledge of weather changes.
A.the; the B.a; ∕ C.∕; a D.the; a
6.Because of ______ high demand for Type AB blood, ______ supplies of it are usually limited.
A. the; the B. 不填; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; the
7.The sign reads “In case of ____ fire, break the glass and push ____ red button. ”
A. 不填;a B. 不填;the C. the; the D. a; a
8.I earn 10 dollars ____ hour as ____ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the
9.There’s ____ dictionary on ____ desk by your side.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
10.—Where is my blue shirt?
— It’s in the washing machine. You have to wear ____ different one.
A. any B. the C. a D. other
二、完型
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling 1 . He didn‘t know how to find his seat,2 he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked,“Could you help me? I can’t find my seat.” The air hostess showed 3 the seat and told him 4 and fasten the seat belt(系好安全带)。She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan‘s ears might feel 5 strange,but he didn’t need to 6 it because many people felt 7 that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could 8 read books,newspapers or see films. The air hostess would__9__ food and drinks. Allan would enjoy the flight and 10 soon.
1.A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus
2.A. yet B. or C. but D. so
3.A. him B. me C. her D. he
4.A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down
5.A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit
6.A worrying B. be worried C. worry about D. worry
7.A. in B.for C.as D. like
8.A. neither B. either C. both D. also
9.A hold B. take C. bring D. carry
10. A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单选
1. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.
A. a, an B. a, a C. the, the D. /, an
2. Britain is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.
A. an, an B. a, a C. a, an D. an, a
3. ______China is _____ old country with _____ long history.
A. The, an, a B. The, a, a C. /, an, the D. /, an, a
4. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.
A. /, / B. an, a C. An, a D. /, the
5. We always have ______rice for ______lunch.
A. /, / B. the, / C. /, a D. the, the
6. It took me ______ hour and _____ half to finish ______ work.
A. a, a, a B. an, a, a C. an, a, the D. an, a, /
7. ______ doctor told me to take ______ medicine three times ______day, stay in _____bed, then I would be better soon.
A. /, a, a, the B. A, the, the, / C. The, the, a, / D. A, /, a, /
8. There is ____ picture on ____ wall. I like ____ picture very much.
A. a, the, the B. a, the, a C. the, a, a D. a, an, the
9. January is ______first month of the year. A. a B. / C. an D. the 10. Shut _____door, please.
A. a B. an C. the D./
11. Einstein won _____ Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. What ____ fine day it is today! Let's go to the Summer Palace.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
13. I like music, but I don't like ____ music of that TV play.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
14. ____ girl over there is ____ English teacher.
A. The, an B. A, / C. The, / D. A, a
15. It's ____ exciting way to shop on the Net.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
16. She was ___ founder of ___ order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity.
A. a, an B. a, / C. the, / D. the, an
17. Xi'an is ___ old city with ___ long history, isn't it?
A. a, an B. an, a C. the, the D. the, a
18. Nancy's sister is ____ English teacher, isn't she?
A. a B. an C. the D. /
19. Chaffs is______ boy, but he can play the guitar very well.
A. an eight-years old B. a eight-year-old C. a eight-years-old D. an eight-year-old
20. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _____ basketball.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
21.More college graduates would like to work in _______ west part of our country ______ next year.
A. the, the B. /, / C. /, the D. the, /
22.We work five days ______ week.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
23.-In which class is ______ boy in white? -He's in class 4.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
24.-Where do you usually have ______ lunch? -At home.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
25.He hit his sister in ______ face.
A. the B. her C. × D. his
26.-Have you seen ______ book? I left it here this morning. -Is it ______ Chinese book? I saw it.
A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a D. a, a
27.There's ______“u” and ______“s” in ______word “use”.
A. an, a, the B. a, an, × C. a, a, a D. a, an, the
28.-Did you see my grandmother?
-Oh, I saw ______old woman sitting on a chair by the lake. Maybe she is.
A. a B. an C. the D. ×
29.-Do you see ______man with dog? -Oh, Yes, dog is yellow.
A. the, a, The B. a, a, the C. a, a, A D. a, the, A
30.Who is ______better, Li Ping or Wang Dong?
A. the B. a C. an D. ×
参考答案
例题1.I like playing ______football and ______piano in my free time.
A. 不填, the B. 不填, 不填 C. the, the D. the, 不填 解析
解析:第一空为零冠词考点,第二空为定冠词考点。第一空为球类名词前用零冠词,后一空为乐器名词前用定冠词。
答案:A
例题2
I bought _____English dictionary yesterday and _____English dictionary is ______useful guidance book (参考书) for me to learn English.
B. a, the, a B. an, the, an C. an, the, a D. a, the, an
解析:第一空和第三空为不定冠词考点, 第二空为定冠词考点。 第一空表示一的数量一本,其后第一音素为元音码,第二空表示特指那本, 第三空表示一的数量一本,其后第一音素为辅音, 一的数量为不定冠词用法, 特指为定冠词用法。
答案:C
例题3 Open ____door and _____windows please. We need some fresh air. A. a, the B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the
解析:定冠词考点,表示说话人与听话人均明确的事物或人为特指用法,用定冠词.
答案:C
基础演练
一、选择填空
B。第一空是泛指;第二空的one是不定代词,用以替代前面的ruler。
2.A
3.C。这是一句谚语,意思是“一天吃一个苹果,用不着看医生。”
4.C。one强调数量,用以回答“Howmany...?”问句;第二个空是泛指,故用an。
5.A。one虽以元音字母开头,但以辅音音素[w]开头,故填a。
6.C。此句意为:“这只老虎来自中国。”
7.B。在“太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the;at night“在夜晚”,注意该短语中没有冠词。
8C
9.A。“s”虽为辅音字母,但却以元音音素[e]开头,故填an。
10.D。第一个空填the,是特指那个“白发老太太”;第二个空不填冠词,是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language,就得说the English language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。
11.B。the Great Wall长城。
12.C。第一个空是泛指,用a;第二个空是河流名称,故用the。
13.B。第一个空:“那边的那个妇女”,是特指;第二个空是指那个妇女的身
份、职业,是泛指。
14.D。第一个空是泛指;第二个空用“零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。
15.D。表示某人的职位时可用“零冠词”。
16.B
17.A
18.A。after school放学以后。
19.D。the day before yesterday前天。
20.B
21.B。第一空泛指,第二空特指。
22.A。两个空都是泛指。
23.C
24.C
25.D
26.D
27.D。in the east of在某地区(内)的东部。
28.A。two and a half years也可说成two years and a half,意思都是“两年半”。
29D
30A。half an hour半小时,by bus乘公共汽车。
巩固提高
一、填空
1.a;an;the
2.a;an。第一个空的a是泛指,第二个空的an是指“一小时”。
3.An;a。这两个空都是泛指,故都用不定冠词。
4.The;the;a。前两个空都是特指,故填the;后一个空中的a相当于every或each,three times a day意为“一天三次”。
5.a。go out for a walk意为“出去散步”。
6.the
7.a;The。前者泛指,后者特指。
8.The;the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体;第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。
9.The;the,×。第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词;第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词;第三空“零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。
10.a。a second time意为“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意为“第二次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复,而不能用the(表顺序)。
11.the;the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。
12.The。“the +姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
13.the;×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
14.The a;×;×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。
15.a。三餐名称前若有形容词,则可在形容词前加冠词,此处是泛指,故用a。
16.×;×;×;n
17.the;the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
18.×;the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
19.The;×;×。第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。
20×;a
×。学科名称前一般不加冠词。
22.×;×。go to school上学。by bike骑自行车。
23.×;×。指示代词不能与定冠词连用。
24×。注意news是不可数名词,故不能加a。
一、单选
1.C【解析】by +camel 表示乘坐交通工具,中间不用任何冠词;go to university 上大学固定搭配。
2 C【解析】一本小说,可数;特指某个城镇,用定冠词。
3 B【解析】in control of 人控制某事某物;in the control of 某事某物在人的控制下。
4 B【解析】学校专有名词这个时候不加,泛指;像一座监狱,可数名词。
5. C【解析】in preparation for 固定搭配;a knowledge of 某一门知识,这个时候可数。
6.D【解析】a demand for 固定搭配一个…需求;专指前面AB血型的供给。
7. B【解析】fire 表示火,抽象不可数,那个红色的按钮特指。
8 C【解析】一个小时可数,而且读音开头是元音,所以用an;作为一个超市收银员也是泛指可数.
9. A【解析】桌子上有一本词典,不具体所指;你身边的桌子特指。
10. C【解析】泛指另外一件T恤。
二、完型
1.B.本文讲述了Allan第一次乘飞机时的情况, 故选by air.
2.D.根据文意, Allan因为找不到座位, 所以他就去问空姐。这里构成因果关系,应用 so引导结果状语从句。
3.A.Allan是男士,故选 him充当show的宾语。
4.C.tell sb. to do sth.意思是“叫某人干某事”。故选to sit down.
5.A.a little修饰形容词表示“有点……”。
6.C. need to后面应接动词原形。 worry为不接物动词,不能直接接宾语。 故选 worry about.
7.D.like that意为“像那样”。
8.B.固定结构either…or… , 意为“或者……或者……”。
9.C.根据文意,空姐拿来食物和饮料给乘客, 故选bring.
10.A.这里home是副词,其前面应用不接物动词,故选择arrive home.
一、选择
1-5 ACDCA 5-10 CCADC 10-15 CACAB
16-20 DBBDD 21- 25 DAADA 26-30 DDBBD
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