2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（二十一）

这是一份2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（二十一），共9页。
Yu prbably knw wh Marie Curie was, but yu may nt have heard f Rachel Carsn. Of the utstanding ladies listed belw, wh d yu think was the mst imprtant wman f the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860—1935)
Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank. Addams helped the pr and wrked fr peace. She encuraged a sense f cmmunity(社区)by creating shelters and prmting educatin and services fr peple in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carsn(1907—1964)
If it weren't fr Rachel Carsn, the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday. Her ppular 1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld's lakes and ceans.
Sandra Day O'Cnnr(1930—present)
When Sandra Day O'Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl, in 1952, she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman. She became an Arizna state senatr(参议员)and, in 1981, the first wman t jin the U.S. Supreme Curt. O'Cnnr gave the deciding vte in many imprtant cases during her 24 years n the tp curt.
Rsa Parks(1913—2005)
On December 1,1955, in Mntgmery, Alabama, Rsa Parks wuld nt give up her seat n a bus t a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prisn. But it als set ff the Mntgmery bus byctt. It lasted fr mre than a year, and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement. “The nly tired I was, was tired f giving in,”said Parks.
1.What is Jane Addams nted fr in histry?
A.Her scial wrk.
B.Her teaching skills.
C.Her effrts t win a prize.
D.Her cmmunity backgrund.
2.What was the reasn fr O'Cnnr's being rejected by the law firm?
A.Her lack f prper training in law.
B.Her little wrk experience in curt.
C.The discriminatin against wmen.
D.The pr financial cnditins.
3.Wh made a great cntributin t the civil-rights mvement in the U.S.?
A.Jane Addams. B.Rachel Carsn.
C.Sandra Day O'Cnnr. D.Rsa Parks.
text 2
T fight fr the cnservatin f frest ecsystem,several eclgists including Daniel Janzen cnvinced Del Or,an range juice prducer,t dnate part f their frestland t a natinal park.In return,Del Or was allwed t thrw large amunts f waste in the frm f range peels (皮) n a 3-hectare piece f land within the natinal park at n cst.Dealing with tns f leftver peels usually invlved burning them r paying t have them pured int a landfill,s the prpsal was very attractive.
But a year later,anther juice cmpany challenged the deal in curt,arguing that their cmpetitr was “plluting a natinal park”.They ended up winning,and the deal between Del Or and the natinal park fell thrugh.
Then in 2013,while discussing pssible research avenues with Timthy Treuer,Daniel Janzen mentined the range stry.Feeling interested,Treuer decided t stp by that piece f land that had been cvered with fruit waste 15 years earlier.What he fund shcked him.
“When I walked ver expsed rck and dead grass in the nearby fields,I had t climb thrugh undergrwth and cut paths thrugh walls f vines (藤) in the range peel site itself,”said Timthy Treuer.
Treuer and his team spent mnths picking up samples (样品),analyzing and cmparing them.They fund great differences between the area cvered with range peels and thse that were nt.The area with range waste had richer sil.
The effect that the range peels had n the land is prbably nt that surprising t peple familiar with cmpsting (施肥),but what is really shcking is that a judge actually thught the waste f range “plluted” a natinal park and stpped it frm ging frward.Nw that Timthy Treuer’s study has received wrldwide attentin,this type f “ruining” is being seriusly cnsidered as a way f bringing frests back t life.
4.What did Del Or usually d with range peels?
A.Add them t fuel.
B.Feed them t animals.
C.Burn r bury them.
D.Make them int cakes.
5.What can we knw abut the deal between Del Or and the natinal park?
A.It lasted 15 years.
B.It was signed by Treuer.
C.It carried ut fr abut a year.
D.It was brken by Del Or.
6.What was Treuer’s finding?
A.Orange peels cntain much fibre.
B.Orange peels can make sil richer.
C.Orange peels rt away in a shrt time.
D.Orange waste ruined the natinal park.
7.What is the authr’s attitude tward the judge mentined in the last paragraph?
A.Disapprving. B.Psitive.
C.Wrried. D.Admirable.
text 3
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰)n the grund. When Iarrived, I saw a 2- t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults;they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all!The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all—LUNCH!The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
8.What is unavidable in the authr's rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A.Effrts made in vain.
B.Getting injured in his wrk.
C.Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D.Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
9.Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A.T rescue a wman.
B.T take care f a wman.
C.T lk at a baby wl.
D.T cure a yung wl.
10.What made the chick calm dwn?
A.A new nest.
B.Sme fd.
C.A recrding.
D.Its parents.
11.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A.It's unexpected. B.It's beautiful.
C.It's humrus. D.It's discuraging.
text 4
Kids seem t spend endless hurs n smartphnes, cmputers and tablets these days. The best thing parents can d t prevent it is t encurage yungsters t spend mre time utdrs in the sunlight.
There has been a massive rise arund the glbe in shrt-sightedness—r mypia as it's fficially knwn—ver recent decades. Mypia r shrt-sightedness is becming mre cmmn. Lack f natural light seems t be the key issue. “The main factr seems t be a lack f expsure t direct sunlight, because children wh study a lt and wh use cmputers r smartphnes r tablet cmputers a lt have less pprtunity t run arund utside and are less expsed t sunshine and because f that children seem t be at mre risk f develping shrt-sightedness.”
Prfessr Hammnd says, “It may be that there's n cincidence that in East Asian cuntries, the mst mypic nes all crrelate with the maths league tables(排名表). These kids are being pushed with very intensive educatin frm a very yung age and spend a lt f time indrs studying. Therefre the cncern is that all clse wrk—like playing with the iPhne—carries the ptential that it culd make them mre shrt-sighted.”
The best thing t d, the experts say, is t get children playing utside as much as pssible. In a perfect wrld, prbably n average acrss the week and the weekend, tw hurs a day utdrs can prevent children becming shrt-sighted. Healthy diet is als imprtant; get ily fish and green vegetables as much as pssible.
“What we need t lk at is ways f mdifying the impact that these indr activities have n their visual develpment,” Prfessr Hammnd said. “There are eye drps and ther treatments t slw mypia prgressin. But in terms f preventing mypia itself, there isn't any data ut there at the mment in terms f the questin ‘Culd the drps we use t slw prgressin stp mypia develping at all?’.”
12.What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A.Much natural light.
B.Running arund utside.
C.A cmputer r a smartphne.
D.Less expsure t sunshine.
13.What des Prfessr Hammnd think f shrt-sightedness amng East Asian children?
A.It appears quite by chance.
B.It is nt serius enugh.
C.It largely relates t iPads r iPhnes.
D.It has smething t d with their study pressure.
14.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.The mypic students will decrease in the future.
B.Researchers have fund methds t reduce mypia.
C.It's still a hard jb t cntrl the children's mypia.
D.Researchers needn't cllect any mre data n mypia.
15.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Cmmn trubles f students
B.Prblems caused by shrt-sightedness
C.Stay utdrs mre t keep gd eyesight
D.The imprtance f prtecting kids
text 5
Think like This When Yu Feel Stressed
It's a sweet pprtunity. If yu lk n pressure as a threat, yu are sure t be negatively impacted by its ccurrence. 1 They lk n it as a great chance. They will cherish (珍惜) the pressure mment and apprach it with cnfidence and enthusiasm.
I'll get anther chance. Under pressure, we ften lse hpe. We tend t distrt (扭曲) the reality f the situatin. One f the mst cmmn phrases is “the chance f a lifetime”, in which we tell urselves, “I will never get an pprtunity like this again, s I can't miss it. 2 ”
I'll d my best. This is what peple wh d their best under pressure tell themselves when they are ging int a pressure mment. 3 Because it prevents them frm wasting valuable energy wrrying ver things they can't influence and prmtes cnfidence at the same time. Fcusing n ding yur best keeps yu at that mment and guides yur behavir tward success.
4 Peple wh perfrm their best at pressure will reduce the significance f the upcming pressure mment, s they feel less stressed. Whether it's a sales call r an interview fr their dream jbs, they are like winning athletes, and when asked hw t handle the pressure f the big game, they respnded, “It's just anther game.”
I can cntrl hw I respnd. Peple wh d their best at a pressure mment fcus n what they can cntrl. 5 If yu have an upcming interview, dn't wrry abut the ther applicants. Yu can't cntrl them. Practice hw yu will handle an unexpected prblem.
A.It's n big deal.
B.It stps yu paying attentin t anxiety.
C.Instead, take care f yur wn business.
D.Remembering past success increases yur cnfidence.
E.In fact, we have many chances t succeed in ur lifetime.
F.But peple wh d their best in a pressure mment are different.
G.Fcusing n ding yur best quickly decreases pressure at that mment.
text 6
读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“If mum finds ut that I'm ging t the beach, I'll be in big truble.” I said t myself sftly in a lw vice.
I went dwnstairs slwly and tried t walk casually int the kitchen. As I was walking twards the back dr, mum asked withut lking up frm her “dish-washing”, “Where are yu ging?” I answered back withut hesitatin,“ I am ging t the garden t play.” After I gt ut f the kitchen, I breathed a sign f relief. My plan had wrked ut fine s far. I climbed the fence and jumped nt the muddy field next t my huse and started running twards the bus stp at tp speed.
After half an hur I was at the beach scanning the crwd fr my friends, Jimmy and Bbby. Tw yung men were racing in the canes (独木舟). After a while, I saw them near a ccnut tree. I ran twards them and gt int my swimming trunk (游泳裤). Fr abut an hur, we played vlleyball happily.
Suddenly, Bbby hit the ball t hard and the ball fell int the sea. Just as Bbby was ging t pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away frm the shre. I wanted t shw ff my swimming skills s I declared t help get the ball fr them.
I dived int the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming fr abut ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was nly a few feet away frm me, I put in an extra burst f speed. Hwever, just as I was ging t get the ball, a very strng current swept the ball further away frm me. At that mment, a string f weed (海草)tangled (缠绕) up with my feet and I culd nt swim prperly. I struggled t keep aflat but it was n use. “ If I had listened t my parents, this wuld never have happened,”I thught silently.
Paragraph 1
Finally, after struggling fr a minute r tw, I still gt pulled underwater.
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
When I wke up, I was in an empty rm lying n a bed.
___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
ACD
CCBA
ACAB
DDCC
FEGAB
Paragraph 1
Finally, after struggling fr a minute r tw, I still gt putted underwater. I tld myself I shuld never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great effrts. The weed finally brke. I swam back t the surface t take a deep breath. I saw tw yung men in canes, racing each ther. I was exhausted and shuted fr help. The tw men saw me and raced twards me. By the time they reached me, I had been already uncnscius.
Paragraph 2
When I wke up, I was in an empty rm lying n a bed. It was nt until a dctr came int the rm that I realized that I was in a hspital. Jimmy and Bbby tld me the tw yung men brught me t the shre and sent me t the hspital. After a few minutes, my parents with half angry and half wrried faces walked in. My parents sclded me fr running ut f the huse secretly but were als glad that I was nt seriusly injured. I will never frget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever want t shw ff again.