2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十三）

这是一份2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十三），共10页。
2021高考英语“典题”专项训练（十三）text 1 National Museum of Singapore 130th Anniversary CelebrationsPeople are now celebrating the 130th birthday of one of Singapore’s beloved and iconic cultural institutions-National Museum of Singapore!Come and discover the fascinating history in the museum!Come and enjoy live music performances, craft activities for children, giveaways, some retail therapy, food and more!HighlightsFree admission to all galleries during the whole week!Mon—Thu, 12 Oct | 10 a.m.—7 p.m. (last admission 6:30 p.m.)Fri—Sun, 13—15 Oct | 10 a.m.—10 p.m. (last admission 9 p.m.)Reservation is required. You can click here to get more ticket information.Birthday Cake CuttingSat, 14 Oct | 2:45 p.m.Glass Passage, Level 2Sing “Happy Birthday” to the National Museum and witness the cake-cutting ceremony with museum staff and volunteers!Special “Happy Birthday to You” singing and choir performance by The Joyful Voices.Birthday Cupcake GiveawaySat & Sun, 14 & 15 Oct | 4 p.m.Gallery Theatre Foyer, BasementEnjoy a Cedele cupcake when you visit the museum on our birthday weekend!Here’s how:1) Follow the National Museum of Singapore on Facebook or Instagram.2) Snap and post a photo of yourself in the museum with your birthday wishes.3) Show us your post at the giveaway booth to get your cupcake, while stocks last.The National Museum birthday cake and cupcakes are supported by Cedele.Family ActivitiesPRESENCE Pictures Playscape (游戏场景）：Little Artists for Virtual RealityFrom Mon,9 Oct | 10 a.m.—7 p.m.(last registration at 6 p.m.)Concourse Gallery, Level 1The creative Playscape has PRESENCE Pictures’ signature activity, Little Artists for Virtual Reality (VR),an art-meets-tech programme that enables young minds to think big and create VR worlds just by drawing. With a special programme designed for the National Museum, kids can draw their imaginary future museum and cartoon Museum Buddy, animate (使······活灵活现) it by using their own body movements, and interact with their final artworks in VR! Young visitors may also participate in a drop-in activity to experience the basics of creating a VR artwork. Click here to get a detailed schedule and the pricing.1．Where is this passage probably taken from?A．A website. B．A magazine. C．A travel brochure. D．A newspaper.2．This Thursday, Simon will be off duty at 6:30 p.m, which means that          A．he can have free access to the gallery as long as he has booked a ticketB．he cannot take part in any activity organized for the anniversaryC．together with other visitors, he can cut birthday cakes offered by the museumD．he can enjoy a Cedele cupcake when he visits the museum3．According to the passage, how can children create a VR world in the National Museum of Singapore?A．By creating an art-meets-tech programme.B．By moving their bodies to create an imaginary world.C．By interacting with their final artworks.D．By holding a ceremony with museum staff and volunteers.text 2Most dog owners are convinced that their four-legged friends know exactly what they mean when they use certain words like “sit” “stay” or “treat”. However, researchers have always wondered whether dogs really understand human speech or if they rely on other information to get the meaning. For example, does the word“fetch” form a picture of a stick or a ball in the dog’s mind, or does the dog bring back the object based on the owner’s voice or gesture?A new study by scientists at Atlanta’s Emory University seems to indicate that “man’s best friend” does indeed know what the owner is saying.The researchers began by asking the owners of twelve dogs of various kinds to train their pets to identify two toys of different materials, such as a toy animal and a ball. Once the dogs had mastered the task, they took turns inside a special scanner. The owners then tested their dogs’ language skill by first calling out the names of the toys they had been trained to recognize and then saying meaningless words such as “bobbu” and “bodmick” while holding up random objects the dogs hadn’t seen before. The scans suggested that the parts of the dogs’ brains responsible for processing sounds showed different brain patterns when they heard words they were familiar with, compared with the ones they had never heard before. While that was not enough to prove that the dogs were picturing their toys when they heard the words, it did indicate some sort of recognition. The researchers believe this is an important step in understanding how dogs process language.Something even more interesting was that the dogs’ brains showed a higher level of neural(神经的) activity at the sound of unknown words. This is the exact opposite of what happens in human brains, which get more active at the sound of familiar words. The researchers say the dogs may become cheerful at the sound of new words to try to understand them in the hope of delighting their masters. “Dogs want to please their owners, and perhaps also want to receive praise or food,” says Emory neuroscientist Gregory Berns, senior author of the study.However, though your pet may understand human speech, the scientists recommend using visual signals and smell for training. “When people want to teach their dog a trick, they often use spoken commands because that’s what we humans prefer,” Prichard says. “From the dog’s view, however, a visual command might be more effective, helping the dog learn the trick faster.”4.What’s the purpose of the new study?A.To convince dog owners to understand their dogs.B.To advise dog owners to treat their dogs kindly.C.To prove that dogs follow owners’ order by listening.D.To test out how dogs get information from owners.5 .What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A.Inform the result of the research.B.State the process of the research.C.Stress the importance of the research.D.Introduce the subjects of the research.6 .How do human brains and dog brains react to words?A.Human brains become active in unfamiliar words.B.Dog brains become delighted at unfamiliar words.C.Human brains are not sensitive to familiar words.D.Dog brains show no response to familiar words.7 .What do scientists advise the owners to do in dog training?A.Give dogs oral commands.B.Teach dogs new tricks.C.Involve sight and smell.D.Encourage faster learning.text 3A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product she hopes will one day replace single-use plastic.The new product is made by combining fishing waste and algae （水藻）.It could be used to replace plastic bags or containers that people use once and throw away. Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University.MarinaTex is edible, to put it in another way, it can be tasted without danger. Hughes says it is also strong and stable. But unlike plastic, MarinaTex biodegrades （生物降解）in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil. The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans by the year 2050. The United Nations estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste has already been left in the oceans. Hughes also was investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry. The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year, UN officials say.Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did no harm to the environment. “Why do we need to have hundreds of man-made polymers （聚合体）when nature has so many already available?" she asked. After months of testing, Hughes produced a strong, flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius. Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is ^stronger, safer and much more sustainable （可持续的）"than plastic. It is also easier to break down. Hughes will receive about $ 41,000 prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award. She plans to use the money to further develop the product and ways to mass produce it. "Further research and development will ensure that MarinaTex evolves further, and becomes part of a global answer to the abundance of single use plastic waste," Dyson said.8.What do we know about MarinaTex?A.It is a safe seafood.B.It is a kind of waste.C.It is a new kind of plastic.D.It is a safe material that can replace plastic.9.What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Useful.     B. Eatable.  C. Replaceable.       D. Delicious.10.What gets Hughes to creat MarinaTex?A.Her concern about the growing amount of plastic in ocean.B.Her occupational habit of trying out new things.C.Her hope to help develop the fishing industry.D.Her desire to win the prize money.11.What can we infer from the last paragrach?A.We need to have hundreds of MarinaTex available.B.Hughes produced MarinaTex without much effort.C.MarinaTex will be a good solution to plastic waste.D.Hughes is the first winner of the James Dyson Award.text 4Britain's got talent——but we're still wasting it. That's the main finding of a new report by researchers from Oxford University. Children of similar cognitive （认知） ability have very different chances of educational success；it still depends on their parents' economic, socio-cultural and educational resources. This contradicts a commonly held view that our education system has developed enough to give everyone a fighting chance. The researchers looked at data from groups of children born in three decades: 1950s, 1970s and 1990s.They found significant evidence of a wastage of talent. Individuals with high levels of cognitive ability but with disadvantages in their social origins are unable to translate their ability into educational achievement to the same extent as their more advantaged counterparts (对照组）. The research, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, found that only about half of the difference in educational achievement between children from advantaged and disadvantaged parental backgrounds is due to differences in theircognitive ability. The other half is due to other factors （因素）associated with their backgrounds.“If we compare the educational achievement of children born in the 1990s to those in the late 1950s and early 1970s, we see that parents' economic resources have become a less important factor, but their socio-cultural and educational resources have grown in significance," says Dr. Bukodi. “That means that your parents' place in society and their own level of education still play a big part in how well you may do."These experts are now calling for policy-makers to acknowledge that formal qualifications is only one channel for upward mobility （流动性）for high-ability individuals of disadvantaged backgrounds. Dr. Bukodi says, “These findings show that there are limits to how far inequalities of opportunity can be reduced through educational policy alone. Changes in educational policy aren't having the powerful effect we want."12.What is the main finding of the research?A.We're wasting talent due to education system.B.Children of similar cognitive ability have different chances of educational success.C.Children's cognitive ability depends on different educational resources.D.Education system has developed enough to give chilidren a fighting chance.13.How does the author mainly develop the text?A.By making a comparison.B.By discussing a result.C.By giving examples.D.By presenting reasons.14.According to Dr. Bukodi, what affects children's educational achievement greatly?A.Children's cognitive ability.B.Parents' economic resouces.C.Educational policy.D.Parents' socio-cultural and educational backgrounds.15.What is the author's attitude towards the finding of the new report?A. Favorable.    B. Objective.      C. Doubtful.     D. Negative.text 5Are you crying because you're sad or because something moves you? It's all okay. Some people try to hold back tears because they are scared it makes them seem weak, which is not a wise practice. Don't try to fight the tears, but let them flow freely, 16    .1.It gives you more supportSometimes people don't understand how much something is bothering you,17   . Research carried out in 2018 shows that crying is so-called attachment behavior. This means that crying makes people want to comfort you and support you.2.18    When you cry because something made you sad, the pain is often quite sharp, but you do feel relieved after you cry. That is not that strange. Researchers found out that your body produces oxytocin and endorphins when you cry. These components make people feel good and that's why you experience the sharp pain a little less intense.3.It is said to cause less stress19   , but researchers are convinced that crying can lessen stress. When youcry, your tears contain a certain concentration of stress hormones （激素）. These stress hormones leave your body when you cry and researchers have developed a theory that you experience less stress after crying because of it.4.It can improve your sightMost people know tears as the drops that pour over your cheeks when you cry, but there is also something called  'basal tears'. This is the liquid that is produced when you blink （眨眼）.It keeps your eyes watery and allows you to see clearly. Sometimes your eyes can be a bit dry, 20      . When you cry, your eyes will be wet for a little。A.It really eases the painB.It can make you farsightedC.which makes you see a little lessD.It is no use crying over spilt milkE.because crying also has four benefitsF.A lot of research still has to be doneG.but they suddenly understand it better when you crytext 6As I sat in the second-floor window of our school house that afternoon, my heart began to sink further with each passing car. This was a day I’d looked forward to for weeks: Miss Pace’s fourth-grade, end-of-the year party.I had happily volunteered my mother when Miss Pace requested cookie volunteers. But two o'clock passed, and there was no sign of her. Most of the other mothers had already come and gone, dropping off their offerings of chips and cupcakes."Don't worry, Robbie, she'll be along soon," Miss Pace said as I gazed down at the street, holding out hope that my mother would carry with a tin her famous cookies.The three o'clock bell rang and I grabbed my book bag from my desk and shuffled（拖着脚步）out the door for home.On the four-block walk to our house, I plotted my revenge（复仇) . I would slam the front door upon entering, refuse to return her hug when she rushed over to me, and vow never to speak to her again.The house was empty when I arrived and I looked for a note on the refrigerator that might explain my mother's absence, but found none. My chin trembled with a mixture of heartbreak and anger. For the first time in my life, my mother had let me down.I was lying face-down on my bed upstairs when I heard her come through the front door."Robbie." she called out a bit urgently, "where are you?"I remained silent. When she entered my room and sat beside me on my bed, I didn't move but instead stared blankly into my pillow refusing to acknowledge her presence."I'm so sorry, honey." she said. "I just forgot. I got busy and forgot-plain and simple."I still didn't move "Don't forgive her, "I told myself,Then my mother did something completely unexpected. She began to laugh. I was sceptical. How could she laugh at a time like this? I rolled over and faced her, ready to let her see the anger and disappointment in my eyes.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；  2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;  3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好;  4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:Surprisingly my mother wasn't laughing at all, but she was crying. _____________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:"It's okay, Mom," I stammered(结巴) as I reached out and gently touched her hair._____________________________________________________________________          参考答案1-3：ABB4-7:DBBC8-11:DBAC12-15:BADB16-20:EGAFCSurprisingly my mother wasn't laughing at all, but she was crying. Tears trickling down her cheeks, she murmured:" How come such important moment slip from my memory? How should I have been so careless? I'm so sorry to have let you down." She sank in the chair near my bed with sorrow and regret, her head bowing over her arms and her body shaking with sob. Never had I seen my mother cry. I was frozen with shock. I desperately rack my brains to seek for a few words of comfort, but the sight of tearful mother dumbed the words in my throat, making me utterly speechless.    “ It's okay，Mom.” I stammered（结巴）as I reached out and gently touched her hair. "I'm sorry to have gotten you wrong. The party went smoothly and nobody was aware of your absence. Don't take it so seriously. It’s no big deal." My words, too powerless to express my heart, prompted my mother to sit up and wipe off her tears. A slight smile began to crease her tear-stained cheeks. Awkward, I rewarded her with a smile. Pulling me to her, she held me in a long and silent hug. My hug could mean a gesture of forgiveness. I decided that I would hold on just a little bit longer.