2022届高三英语二轮复习课件：专题四　冠词、代词和介词

这是一份2022届高三英语二轮复习课件：专题四　冠词、代词和介词，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，要点精讲•破疑解难　，对点演练•精准提升，重点一　冠词，重点二　代词，重点三　介词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点1　不定冠词a/an的用法　 1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前, an用在以元音音素开头的单词前, 如:an hnest man, a university2.泛指 “一个”, 如: an English lecture, a prfessr3.表示类别, 指一类人或物4.表示 “(每)一个”, 相当于per, each, every5.表示 “某一个人或物”, 相当于sme或a certain, 如: a Mr Green6.用于固定短语中, 如: as a rule, in a way, in a hurry, in a mment
考点2　定冠词the的用法　 1.用于特指、双方都知道的或上文提到的人或物2.用于单数可数名词前表示一类人或物3.用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前4.用于形容词或副词的最高级前5.用于序数词前表示顺序6.用于乐器名词前、姓氏的复数前(表示全家人或夫妇)、表示年代的名词前, 如: the Brwns, in the 1970s
7.用于某些形容词或分词前表示一类人或物, 如: the rich, the unemplyed8.用于某些江、河、海、洋、海湾、山脉、群岛等专有名词前, 如: the Yangtze River9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前, 如: the Histry Museum, the Middle East10.用于固定短语中, 如: n the right, at the age f, n the whle, in the lng run
考点3　不用冠词的情况　 1.不可数名词或复数名词表示泛指时不用冠词2.物质名词或抽象名词前不用冠词, 如: water, luck3.有些专有名词(人名、国家、城市、街道、山峰、湖泊等)前不用冠词, 如: China, Qingda, Munt Tai4.表示季节、月份、星期以及节日、假日的名词前不用冠词, 但特指季节、日期和传统中国节日时多使用定冠词, 如: the Spring Festival, the spring f Beijing
5.表示三餐、球类或棋类运动等的名词前不用冠词6.表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词7.表示职位、头衔、称呼的名词做表语、宾语补足语或同位语时不用冠词8.在表示使用某种交通工具的by词组中, 交通工具名称之前通常不用冠词, 如: by taxi, by ship, by bike9.在 “名词+and+名词” 和 “名词+介词+名词” 形式的习语中, 名词前通常不用冠词, 如: face t face, hand in hand10.在某些固定短语中不用冠词, 如: at hme and abrad, in debt
考点1　人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的功能和形式　 
考点2　反身代词的习惯用法
考点3　it的用法　 1.it的基本用法
2.it做形式主语或形式宾语的常用句型
3.it的常用短语或句型(1)When it cmes t learning English, reading widely is f great imprtance. 当谈到学习英语, 广泛阅读很重要。(2)Yu can cunt n/rely n/depend n it that he will help yu ut. 你可以相信他能帮助你摆脱困境。(3)We finally made it t the airprt thugh it was rainy.尽管下雨, 但是我们最终及时赶到了机场。
(4)As smene puts it, practice makes perfect.正如某人所说, 熟能生巧。(5)Please see t it that yu fasten the safety belt when driving. 开车时请确保系好安全带。(6)I take it that yu dn’t agree with the manager. 我想你不同意经理的意见。
(7)It is/has been three years since he jined the army.他参军三年了。(8)It was three years befre he returned hme.过了三年他才回家。
考点4　不定代词　 1.ther, thers, the ther/thers, anther
2.ne(s), that, thse在文中为避免重复, ne(s), that, thse等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。
3.bth, all, either, any, neither, nne
4.smething, anything, nthing
提示固定搭配: anything but(根本不), nthing but(只不过; 仅仅), all but(几乎; 差一点), nne but(仅仅; 只有)。everything意为 “每件事物; 所有事物”, 强调整体, 与nt连用时表示部分否定, 意为 “并不是所有事物都……”。
考点1　常见介词的用法　 
考点2　介词短语　 1.at+名词at a lss 不知所措　　　　at dinner 在吃晚餐at peace 处于和平状态at war 在战争中at wrk 在工作
2.其他高频介词短语against time 争分夺秒at the sight f 一看到……in the face f 面对; 面临in additin(t) 除了……以外(还)in case f 万一in charge f 负责; 主管in favur f 赞成; 支持
in need f 需要in n time 立刻in a hurry 匆忙in preparatin fr 为……做准备in return fr 作为回报f help/use 有帮助的/有用的f imprtance 重要的n behalf f 代表
3.by+名词by accident 偶然; 意外地by chance 偶然地by hand 手工by mistake 错误地by mnth 按月
4.beynd+名词beynd cmparisn 无与伦比beynd cntrl 失控beynd descriptin 难以描述beynd dubt 毋庸置疑beynd expressin 难以表达beynd (ne’s) reach 够不到
5.in+名词in bed 在床上; 卧床in danger 处于危险中in debt 负债in difficulty 处于困难中in high spirits 情绪高昂in need 需要帮助的
in rder 整齐; 井然有序in surprise 吃惊地in truble 在困难中in use 使用中
6.n+名词n a trip 在旅行n business 出差n display/shw 陈列; 展出n duty 值班n hliday/vacatin 在度假n sale 出售n strike 罢工n the way 在途中
7.ut f+名词ut f balance 失去平衡ut f cntrl 失去控制ut f danger 脱离危险ut f date 过期ut f rder 出故障ut f wrk 失业
8.under+名词under cnsideratin 在考虑中under cnstructin 在建造中under cntrl 处于控制之下under discussin 在讨论中under pressure 在压力下under repair 在修理中under treatment 在治疗中
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.As cuntries arund the wrld try t imprve their recycling rates, sme may lk t Eskilstuna as 　　　　　　example t fllw—as lng as they think they can persuade their citizens t get busy srting at hme. 2.The waiters and waitresses are als trained t supply a separate spn r pair f chpsticks fr the diners, and s far, 　　　　　　service has been well accepted by the majrity f the public. 3.And he did it in six hurs and 48 minutes, a persnal recrd nearly duble 　　　　　　f his previus finish time. 
4.Hwever, he had n regrets r cmplaints abut giving up rmantic evenings with his wife r dinners with relatives and friends s that he culd devte 　　　　　　(he) t cmmunity wrk.  5.We Chinese peple believe that nly with 　　　　　　(we) wn hands can we create a happy and beautiful life. 6.They keep their babies at hme until they are physically able t survive 　　　　　　their wn.  
7.Easy access 　　　　　　a wide range f everyday gds leads t a sense f pwerlessness in many peple, ending in the shpper giving up and walking away, r just buying an unsuitable item that is nt really wanted. 8.Because she was lacking in training, she was afraid f making 　 exhibitin f herself. 9.Scientists in China were already studying the bats carefully, well aware that an utbreak like the current 　　　　　　wuld mst likely happen. 10.He was brn 　　　　　　Hangzhu and brught up by his grandma in a seaside village. 
Ⅱ.微语法填空1.Frsythia(连翘) is ne f the earliest flwers blming in spring, ①　　　　　　　 March and May. It is ②　　　　　　　 ppular plant knwn fr its bare branches filled with brilliant yellw flwers. The plant has fur petals and its branches stretch upward, which is native ③　　　　　　 China. It’s easy t grw because it can tlerate unfavrable cnditins and partial shade, but ④　　　　　　 grws best in full sun. During July and August it prduces fruit, ften used in traditinal Chinese medicine, prven by sme f the earliest Chinese medical texts dating ⑤　　　　　　 sme 4,000 years ag. 
①答案 between　解析 根据上文的the earliest flwers blming in spring可知, 此处表示 “在三月和五月之间”, 应用between... and...。故填介词between。②答案 a　解析 此处泛指 “一种受欢迎的植物”, 故用不定冠词, ppular是辅音音素开头的单词, 故其前应用不定冠词a。
③答案 t　解析 此处是固定短语be native t, 意为 “产于……”, 故填介词t。④答案 it　解析 空格处在句中做主语, 指代连翘, 故应用代词it。⑤答案 frm　解析 此处是动词短语date frm, 意为 “追溯到”, 故填介词frm。
2.Ma was brn int a dctr’s family in 1933 and became ①　　　　　　military dctr in 1947.She applied t becme a paratrper in 1961, but she failed because there were n female paratrpers at that time. But she learnt t parachute by ②　　　　　　　(she) in secret. Finally, she became China’s first female paratrper. She set a natinal recrd as the ldest enlisted wman t d a parachute jump ③　　　　　　　　 the age f 51.She cmpleted ver 140 parachuting jumps ver a perid f 20 years. In 2018, Ma dnated ④　　　　　　(she) entire life savings t supprt lcal educatin and public welfare. 
①答案 a　解析 她在1947年成为一名军医, 此处表示泛指, 故用不定冠词a。②答案 herself　解析 此处为 neself, 意为 “自学”, 故填herself。 ③答案 at　解析 句意: 她在51岁时创下了年龄最大的现役女兵跳伞纪录。在具体多少岁的时候, 应用介词at。
④答案 her　解析 空格处在句中做定语, 修饰名词短语entire life savings, 应用形容词性物主代词, 故填her。