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2022届湖南省益阳市箴言中学高三上学期第三次模拟考试（11月）英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022届湖南省益阳市箴言中学高三上学期第三次模拟考试（11月）英语试题含解析，共25页。
2022届湖南省益阳市箴言中学高三上学期第三次模拟考试（11月）英语试题
本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分。时量120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分；满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers ?
A. At an airport. B. At a bus stop. C. At a train station
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Sir, could you please help me transfer to my connecting flight?
M: No problem, madam. Do you see those signs that say “Transfer”? Just follow them and they’ll lead you to your connecting flight.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do ?
A. Ship more goods. B. Lower the price. C. Phone Mr. Smith.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello! This is Cathy from the Mackay’s. I’ve seen the goods you shipped, which are in good condition. The problem is the price. We’re wondering if you could lower it a little bit.
M: Well, regarding the price … I’ll need to call Mr. Smith before I can give you the reply.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When does the conversation probably take place ?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, can I talk to Tim in the Advertising Department?
M: Sorry, he’s in a meeting now. He’s always busy this time. You may call again later, maybe before lunch.
4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?
A. Strangers. B. Families. C. Clerk and customer.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mr. Jacob! Lovely to see you again! What can I do for you today?
M: I’d like to make a deposit into my granddaughter’s account. It’s her birthday on Friday.
W: What a thoughtful granddad! Do you have her account?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about ?
A. Using the Internet. B. Writing a book. C. Shooting a movie.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
W: How many hours do you stay online per day?
M: Well, I never counted. Maybe all the time. I write with my computer, and every now and then I need to read some references or look up a word in the dictionary. Or maybe I want to find a movie. I might look up something about certain actors or directors.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is wrong with the man ?
A. He gets allergic. B. He has a stomachache. C. He cut himself accidentally.
7. Who is the man probably ?
A. A volleyball fan. B. A volleyball player. C. A volleyball coach.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, I’ve got red spots all over my body and I’m feeling terrible now.
W: Oh, what did you have for dinner?
M: I had some steamed fish.
W: In that case, you might be allergic to seafood. I’ll give you some medicine to take. Don’t eat seafood anymore and don’t scratch your body. By the way, are you here for the Youth Olympics?
M: Yes, I’m going to try to make the volleyball team this year.
W: Really? I’m a big fan of volleyball. Good luck!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the man say are the best places to meet people ?
A. Gyms. B. Parks. C. Libraries.
9. What did the man think of the healthcare in Thailand ?
A. It was expensive. B. It was crowded. C. It was efficient.
10. Why was the man surprised when he left Thailand ?
A. He liked Thai people. B. He spoke Thai well. C. He enjoyed the life in Thailand.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: You work without a permanent residence. How do you meet people?
M: Well, there’re a couple of rules. One is to stay away from anything touristy. The best place to meet people is a gym. I also go where the locals are, places like parks and libraries.
W: How do you maintain good health when you’re living like …
M: I’ve got to eat well and exercise more. I did go to the hospital in Thailand once. But luckily the healthcare there was really cheap and efficient.
W: Okay. Did you ever have any language problems?
M: No, usually not. I lived in Thailand for four years and the language environment there really helped me a lot. I still remember that when I left, I was so surprised to see how fluently I could speak Thai.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the woman doing ?
A. Feeding the bees. B. Taking a trip. C. Hosting a program.
12. What does the woman say about the place ?
A. It ' s remote. B. It ’ s quiet C. It ’s popular.
13. What did the woman do yesterday ?
A. She had a party. B. She bought a gift. C. She took a flight.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Bees are some of the best pollinators in the world. Today we’re at a bee plant, with Bike A Bee. Hello, Henry!
M: Hello, Ann! How do you like this place? Some people say it’s a deserted village, with broken stones and bricks everywhere.
W: I think it’s quite peaceful and natural. Hmm, what is the coolest part of today?
M: Today we’re going to have a little treasure hunt. We’ll take a look at the frames and find out the queen bee. At night, we’ll attend a party. It’s held by the residents here and they’ve prepared some nice presents for you.
W: Great! I can’t wait! It’s totally worth the journey. I took a 5-hour flight and drove 2 hours to get here yesterday.
M: Just as I said, the place is quite remote.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How much does the Recreational Membership cost ?
A. $130 a month. B. $160 a month. C. $260 a month.
15 What races do both types of the membership cover ?
A. Races in Alaska. B. Races in California. C. Races in New York.
16. What will the woman do tomorrow ?
A. Visit her friend. B. Go to the club. C. Join a cycling group.
【答案】14. A 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I want to find out about joining your cycling club.
M: OK. Are you interested in membership for yourself?
W: Hmm, me and a friend, though he’s in California right now.
M: Great. We have basically two types of membership. If you’re pretty serious about cycling, there’s the Full Membership. It covers not only the ordinary cycling but also races both here in Alaska and other parts of America and it costs 260 dollars a month. If not, we also have the Recreational Membership and it costs half the price of the former. But it only provides races in Alaska.
W: I see. I just want to do some cycling in my free time, so the Recreational Membership will do. As for my friend, I still need to talk with him. Anyway, I’m planning to swing by your club tomorrow. Can you text the exact address to me?
M: Sure. I’ll do it right now.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17 Who might the listeners be ?
A. Contest judges. B. Company employees. C. Technology enthusiasts.
18. How do most people feel about virtual conferences ?
A. They ’ re convenient. B. They ’ re advanced. C. They ’ re strange.
19. Why does the speaker mention the EGU General Assembly 2020?
A. To share his experience.
B. To support his argument.
C. To draw the listeners ’ attention.
20. What is the theme of the speaker ’ s speech ?
A. The advantages of virtual conferences.
B. Virtual conferences during the lockdown.
C. Different opinions about virtual conferences.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Honorable judges, good morning! The topic of my speech today is “Virtual Conferences”. Sitting for hours before a computer screen, listening to a floating head, can be thrilling. And usually in virtual conferences, it’s hard for people to engage themselves in sharing knowledge. It lacks in-person interaction. Therefore, it’s easy to see why most people don’t love the idea of virtual conferences. However, virtual conferences, except breaking the limitations on time and space, have many other benefits. First, they’re easier on the environment. A recent review showed that the CO2 created by each researcher through conference travel ranged from 0.5 to 2 metric tons. In contrast, the carbon emissions of virtual conferences were less than 1% of that. Second, online conferences offer access to a larger and more diverse audience. The EGU General Assembly 2019 attracted just 16,200 people, while the online EGU General Assembly 2020 had over 26,000 users. Among other things, virtual conferences were born for specific social situations, such as the COVID-19 lockdown. A survey by Nature showed that 80% of their interviewees believed that some meetings should continue to be held virtually, even after the lockdown.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Despite usually being associated with the Chinese, the Lunar New Year is also celebrated in other countries. Here are several places in America to celebrate the Lunar New Year.
New York City
New York City, which has one of the largest populations of ethnic（少数民族）Chinese people outside of Asia, is a great place to experience the Lunar New Year. There are around 10 different Chinatowns in New York City. Visitors will find parades, performances and foods in most of these areas but some of the festival characteristics are unique to the particular district.
San Francisco
San Francisco's lunar New Year celebrations are the longest runnings in America. They date back to the 1860s, during the “Gold Rush” period. Today, numerous events take place around the Bay Area, but the headline is the massive Chinese New Year Parade that draws as many as 1 million viewers.
Washington DC
Washington DC has a historic Chinatown. There is a parade here with floats, firecrackers, dancers and music. The Smithsonian American Art Museum can host hands on arts and crafts events that feature performers invited from China. The Kennedy Center stages themed performances, including folk music and symphonies from China.
Chicago
Despite low temperatures in January and February, Chicago celebrates the Lunar New Year in a big way. There are two parades, usually held on different days of the same weekend. One is in the city's traditional Chinatown on the South Side, and the other takes place on Argyle Street. Asian culture is on full display during these parades, and other Chicago com munities also take part.
21. Which city has the longest history of celebrating the Lunar New Year?
A. New York City. B. San Francisco.
C. Washington DC. D. Chicago.
22. What can the Smithsonian American Art Museum do on the Lunar New Year?
A. Serve Chinese food. B. Show Chinese dancers.
C. Play Chinese court music. D. Invite Chinese art performers.
23. What common activity is held in the listed cities on the Lunar New Year?
A. Festival parades. B. English concerts.
C. The American culture weekend. D. The American-style art exhibitions.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国四个城市庆祝中国春节的方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“San Francisco's lunar New Year celebrations are the longest runnings in America. They date back to the 1860s, during the “Gold Rush” period.（旧金山的农历新年庆祝活动是美国最长的。它们可以追溯到19世纪60年代的“淘金热”时期。）”可知，美国旧金山庆祝春节的历史最久远，可以追溯到19世纪60年代。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The Smithsonian American Art Museum can host hands on arts and crafts events that feature performers invited from China.（史密森尼美国艺术博物馆可以举办邀请中国演员参加的手工艺术活动。）”可知，史密森尼美国艺术博物馆会在中国春节期间举办手工艺品活动，并邀请来自中国的表演者参加。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据New York City中的“Visitors will find parades, performances and foods in most of these areas but some of the festival characteristics are unique to the particular district.（游客们可以在大多数这些地区看到游行、表演和食物，但有些节日特色是该地区独有的。）”、San Francisco中的“Today, numerous events take place around the Bay Area, but the headline is the massive Chinese New Year Parade that draws as many as 1 million viewers.（今天，在旧金山湾区有许多活动，但头条新闻是吸引了多达100万观众的大型春节游行。）”、Washington DC中的“here is a parade here with floats, firecrackers, dancers and music.（这里有花车、鞭炮、舞蹈和音乐的游行。）”和Chicago中的“Asian culture is on full display during these parades, and other Chicago com munities also take part.（亚洲文化在这些游行中得到充分展示，芝加哥的其他社区也参与其中。）”可知，这四个城市在庆祝中国春节时都会举行游行活动。故选A。
B
When I was a boy, we lived 4 miles outside of town. We lived next to the forest and I would spend hours every day playing in it with the oak (橡树) and maple trees as my companions. I would climb up their limbs, sit in their shade, and feel their peace.
That is why it was so hard for me when I found myself to be a lumberjack as a young man. It wasn't just the back breaking work, the long hours, and the low pay. It was also seeing day after day beautiful trees that had grown for half a century being sawed (锯) up and cut into flooring. Still, I couldn't help but think that they looked a lot more lovely as living trees reaching up to Heaven than as dead flooring lying under my feet.
One afternoon after a long day's work, I was feeling particularly down and depressed.I decided to take a walk in the woods like I had as a boy in hopes of lifting my spirits and calming my soul. As I walked along with my aching back and tired body, I longed for those happy childhood days. I dropped my head frustratedly and looked down at the dirt. That is when I saw it: a single, red oak acorn (橡子) that had somehow survived the hungry deer and squirrels all winter long.Then I remembered something I'd read once: “Eventually an acorn becomes a forest!” I smiled, bent down, dug up a handful of dirt, and planted that little acorn, feeling peace and joy warming my heart. Then I walked back home happy once again to be a part of God's green earth.
In this life we all start out as an acorn, but whether we become a forest or not is up to us. God gives us this glorious life here to grow, learn, laugh, love,share, smile, and help others to do the same.Embrace this gift of life. Use it to every day stretch your soul towards Heaven and create a mighty forest of love.
24. Which of the following can best describe the author's childhood?
A. Carefree
B. Dull.
C. Plain.
D. Miserable.
25. What does the underlined word “lumberjack” mean in the second paragraph?
A. A person who plants trees.
B. A person who waters trees.
C. A person who cuts trees.
D. A person who protects the forest.
26. What did the author do when walking in the woods?
A. He climbed up an oak tree.
B. He planted a little oak acorn.
C. He came across a book he had ever read.
D. He found some hungry deer and squirrels.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Accepting the gift of life.
B. Taking a walk in the woods.
C. Experiencing a typical working day.
D. Refreshing the unforgettable memory.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者对森林的喜爱和在森林中种下小橡子的故事，并感悟，每个人都是一颗橡子，我们要拥抱赐予的生命，让自己成为一片森林，我们要接受生命的礼物，成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We lived next to the forest and I would spend hours every day playing in it with the oak and maple trees as my companions. I would climb up their limbs, sit in their shade, and feel their peace.(我们住在森林旁边，我每天会花几个小时在森林里玩耍，橡木和枫树是我的同伴。我会爬上树干，坐在树荫下，感受它们的宁静) ”可推知，作者的童年在森林里渡过，无忧无虑。故选A项。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“It wasn't just the back breaking work, the long hours, and the low pay. It was also seeing day after day beautiful trees that had grown for half a century being sawed up and cut into flooring.(不仅仅是因为工作累，时间长，工资低。还因为日复一日地看着那些生长了半个世纪的美丽树木被锯开，切割成地板木材) ”可推知，作者的工作是伐木工。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I smiled, bent down, dug up a handful of dirt, and planted that little acorn, feeling peace and joy warming my heart.(我笑了，弯下腰，挖了一把土，种下了那颗小小的橡子，心里感到和平与欢乐温暖了我)”可知，作者在森林散步时种了一颗小橡子。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者对森林的喜爱和在森林中种下小橡子的故事，最后一段“In this life we all start out as an acorn, but whether we become a forest or not is up to us. God gives us this glorious life here to grow, learn, laugh, love,share, smile, and help others to do the same. Embrace this gift of life. Use it to every day stretch your soul towards Heaven and create a mighty forest of love.(在这一生中，我们都是从一颗橡子开始的，但我们能否成为一片森林，取决于我们自己。上帝给了我们这个光荣的生命，让我们在这里成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑，并帮助其他人也这样做。拥抱这生命的礼物。每天用它把你的灵魂延伸到天堂，创造一个巨大的爱的森林) ”作者感悟，可知，每个人都是一颗橡子，我们要拥抱赐予的生命，让自己成为一片森林，我们要接受生命的礼物，成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑，A项“Accepting the gift of life.(接受生命的馈赠)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
C
China is determined to land its astronauts on the moon and set up a scientific station there,according to a project leader.
Zhou Yanfei,deputy chief designer of China's manned space program,said on Friday that China wishes to use the manned lunar missions to carry out scientific surveys and technology demonstrations,explore ways to develop lunar resources and strengthen the nation's space capabilities.
＂A new wave of lunar explorations has been emerging in the world,with participants aiming to make sustainable missions to deepen knowledge of the moon and exploit resources there,"he said in a report delivered at the 2020 China Space Conference in Fuzhou,Fujian province."Unlike other nations,China must depend on its own science and technology to realize our goals."
The country is independently able to land its astronauts on the moon because it has the technologies,a group of well-trained,innovative professionals and high-efficiency research and management systems,Zhou said."However,our existing carrier rockets can't perform landing missions to the moon because they are not powerful enough.The Shenzhou- series manned spaceships are not suitable for lunar expeditions.We don't have a lunar landing capsule,"he said."Our ground support system was designed for operations in low-Earth orbit rather than on the lunar surface.
To solve the problem, we set out to produce a powerful launch vehicle. Zhou said researchers thought about two approaches-making a new heavy-lift rocket,or adjusting the next-generation rocket designed to carry astronauts,which is under development.Researchers prefer the latter approach because it would be easier to design and make and would become operational earlier.
The new rocket is being designed at the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.Its main body will be 87 meters tall,with a diameter of 5 meters,which would make it almost twice as tall as the Long March 5,currently the biggest of China's rockets.
28. Which is NOT the goal of the manned lunar mission?
A. To explore lunar resources.
B. To perform scientific experiments.
C. To set up a scientific station.
D. To strengthen the national space power.
29. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
A. China is not capable of pursuing the manned lunar program.
B. There are still difficulties in pursuing the manned lunar program.
C. There are a series of steps in the Manned Lunar program.
D. It is manageable to carry out the Manned Lunar program.
30. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon.
B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket.
C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts.
D. Producing a powerful launch vehicle is the most difficult part in the program.
31. What do the figures in the last paragraph imply?
A. The new rocket is big enough to perform landing missions.
B. The new rocket is being made to launch lunar spaceship.
C. China's scientific power has improved.
D. The new rocket will be put into use soon.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国载人月球飞行任务的目标以及当前亟待解决的问题。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Zhou Yanfei, deputy chief designer of China's manned space program, said on Friday that China wishes to use the manned lunar missions to carry out scientific surveys and technology demonstrations, explore ways to develop lunar resources and strengthen the nation's space capabilities.（中国载人航天工程副总设计师周燕飞周五表示，中国希望利用载人月球飞行任务进行科学调查和技术演示，探索开发月球资源的途径，增强国家的航天能力。）可知，载人登月任务的目标有“To explore lunar resources.”（探索月球资源），选项A；“To perform scientific experiments.”（进行科学实验），选项B；“To strengthen the national space power.”（加强国家空间力量）选项D。而选项C. To set up a scientific station. (建立一个科学站)在第一段出现，且主语是“China”（中国），并非载人登月任务的目标。故选C项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。由第四段“"However, our existing carrier rockets can't perform landing missions to the moon because they are not powerful enough. The Shenzhou- series manned spaceships are not suitable for lunar expeditions. We don't have a lunar landing capsule," "Our ground support system was designed for operations in low-Earth orbit rather than on the lunar surface.（然而，我们现有的运载火箭不能执行登月任务，因为它们不够强大。神舟系列载人飞船不适合月球探险，我们没有月球着陆舱。”“我们的地面支持系统是为低地球轨道而不是月球表面的行动而设计的。）等句可知，实施载人登月计划仍然困难重重。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“To solve the problem, we set out to produce a powerful launch vehicle.”（为了解决这个问题，我们开始制造一个强大的运载火箭。）等句可知，制造一个强大的运载火箭是这个项目中最困难的部分。选项A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon. 国家必须依靠自己去探索月球；B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket. 长征五号是中国最大的火箭。都是文中直接陈述的事实。选项C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts. 新设计的火箭不能运载宇航员。和载人月球飞行任务不一致。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由上文可知，要解决载人登月问题就要制造一个强大的运载火箭。最后一段“87 meters tall, with a diameter of 5 meters…twice as tall as the Long March 5”（高87米，直径5米，是长征5号的二倍）说明：新型火箭足够大，可以执行着陆任务。而B. The new rocket is being made to launch lunar spaceship. 新型火箭是用来发射月球太空船的；C. China's scientific power has improved.中国的科学实力有所提高；D. The new rocket will be put into use soon. 新火箭很快就要投入使用了，均和这些数据无关。故选A项。
【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。
推理判断题是考查学生透过文章表面文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要忠实与原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，找到文章中的暗示。如本文第三题， 文章中直接陈述的内容A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon. 国家必须依靠自己去探索月球；B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket. 长征五号是中国最大的火箭。都不能选。C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts. 新设计的火箭不能运载宇航员。和事实不符，不能选。
D
An international team of researchers led by Stanford University have developed rechargeable batteries that can store up to six times more charge than ones that are currently commercially available.
The advance, detailed in a new paper published on Aug. 25 in the journal Nature,could accelerate the use of rechargeable batteries and puts battery researchers one step closer toward achieving two top stated goals of their field: creating a high-performance rechargeable battery that could enable cellphones to be charged only once a week instead of daily and electric vehicles that can travel six times farther without a recharge.
The new so-called alkali metal-chlorine batteries(碱金属氯电池），developed by a team of researchers led by Stanford chemistry Professor Hongjie Dai and doctoral candidate Guanzhou Zhu, rely on the back-and-forth chemical transition from sodium chloride (Na/C12) or lithium chloride (Li/C12) to chlorine. When electrons travel from one side of a rechargeable battery to the other, recharging makes the chemistry return to its original state to await another use. Non-rechargeable batteries have no such luck. Once running out, their chemistry cannot be restored. “A rechargeable battery is a bit like a rocking chair. It tips in one direction, but then rocks back when you add electricity,” Dai explained. “What we have here is a high-rocking rocking chair.”
The researchers imagine their batteries one day being used in situations where frequent recharging is not practical or desirable, such as in satellites or remote sensors. Many otherwise usable satellites are now floating in orbit, failing to function due to their dead batteries. Future satellites equipped with long-lived rechargeable batteries could be fitted with solar chargers, extending their usefulness many times over.
For now, though, the first working design they've developed might still be suitable for use in small everyday electronics like hearing aids or remote controls. For consumer electronics or electrical vehicles, much more work remains to engineer the battery structure, increase the energy density (密度）， scale up the batteries and increase the number of cycles.
32. Why does the author mention “two top stated goals” in paragraph 2?
A. To clarify the cause of the research.
B. To describe the process of the research.
C. To explain the purpose of the research.
D. To illustrate the significance of the research.
33. How did Professor Dai explain how the new batteries work?
A. By listing figures.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison.
D By drawing a conclusion.
34. What can we learn from the passage?
A. New rechargeable batteries have been put to use.
B. New rechargeable batteries will likely be used in remote sensors.
C. Non-rechargeable batteries can return the chemistry to its original state.
D. Solar chargers are of no benefit to rechargeable batteries in future satellites.
35. What is the author's attitude to the new batteries?
A. Objective.
B. Unconcerned.
C. Doubtful.
D. Ambiguous.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学的研究团队研究出的一种碱金属氯电池，可以储存现有电池六倍的电量，有望解除人们需要频繁充电的困扰，但相关研究还在进行中，仍需要完成很多工作。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“creating a high-performance rechargeable battery that could enable cellphones to be charged only once a week instead of daily and electric vehicles that can travel six times farther without a recharge.(创造高性能的可再充电电池，使得手机能一周一充而不是每天都得充，使得电动交通工具一次充电能走六倍远的路程)”可知，这里对于新型电池有望达成目标的具体说明，其实就是在强调其意义之重大。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中引述戴教授的话“A rechargeable battery is a bit like a rocking chair. It tips in one direction, but then rocks back when you add electricity,(可再充电电池有点像摇椅。它可以朝一个方向倾泻，但之后在你充电时会摇回来)”可知，他在解释电池工作原理时进行了类比。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers imagine their batteries one day being used in situations where frequent recharging is not practical or desirable, such as in satellites or remote sensors. Many otherwise usable satellites are now floating in orbit, failing to function due to their dead batteries. Future satellites equipped with long-lived rechargeable batteries could be fitted with solar chargers, extending their usefulness many times over.(研究人员设想有一天，他们的电池会被用于不实用或不需要频繁充电的场合，如卫星或遥感器。许多本来可用的卫星现在漂浮在轨道上，由于电池耗尽而无法运行。配备长寿命充电电池的未来卫星可以安装太阳能充电器，使其使用寿命延长了许多倍。)”可推知，新的可充电电池可能会用于远程传感器。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。总览全文，作者始终站在类似新闻记者的角度，描述事实，没有发表任何个人主观的评价和看法，包括最后一段对新电池未来的展望也是就事论事地提出“For consumer electronics or electrical vehicles, much more work remains(对于消费类电子产品和电动交通工具来说，还有很多的工作留待完成)”，显然其态度是比较客观的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Slow Walking and Ageing
Getting old might not be something that’s yet to cross your mind. ___36___, so it’s something I’m sure we’d all like to control. That’s why scientists are constantly seeking out evidence that will show us what we need to do to achieve longevity.
___37___. To walk 10,000 steps a day or do three brisk 10-minute walks plays an effective role in our health. But the latest research might put a spring in your step if you’re accustomed to walking at a fast pace. That’s because the speed at which people walk is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.
According to the result of those tested, slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated ageing”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster.___38___. Professor Terrie E Moffitt, has proved that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age.
This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower gait who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three.___39___.
So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing.___40___. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!
A. Everyone wishes to keep young
B. There are various ways to exercise
C. We all know that regular exercise is good for us
D. But ageing is unavoidably going to get the better of us one day
E. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy
F. In other words, some signs even in early life will show who will live younger and healthier
G. To add insult to injury, the result also indicates the faces of slower walkers usually look older and they have smaller brains
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。人类一直致力于寻找延缓衰老，让生命更长寿的方法。科学家们有一项最新的研究，这项研究称，人类在40岁之后走路的速度变慢是他们大脑和身体衰弱的标志，文章讨论这个研究，走路速度较慢的人是不是应该加快步伐呢？
【36题详解】
下一句提到“所以我相信我们都希望能控制衰老”，呼应下文，D选项“但总有一天，衰老会不可避免地战胜我们。”切题。故选D项。
【37题详解】
下一句提到“每天走一万步或是每天三次10分钟的快步，对健康有重要作用。”呼应下文，C选项“我们都知道经常锻炼对我们有好处。”切题。故选C项。
【38题详解】
下一句提到“特里·莫菲特教授证明，走路慢是人老前几十年就会出现的问题。”呼应下文，G选项“更糟糕的是，研究发现，走得慢的人不仅身体衰老得更快，他们的脸看起来更老，他们的大脑也更小。”切题。故选G项。
【39题详解】
前文提到“研究者称，他们能够利用从三岁开始的智力、语言和运动技能测试结果，预测45岁人群的步行速度。”，呼应前文，F选项“换句话说，甚至是早期生活中，也有迹象表明哪些人会过上更健康的生活。”切题。故选F项。
【40题详解】
前文提到“研究人员表示，在年轻时测量行走速度，并理解这可能意味着什么，可能是测试延缓人类衰老治疗方法的一种方式。”呼应前文，E选项“这可能会帮助我们在年轻健康的时候改变生活方式。”切题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a ____41____ job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and ____42____, and there was nothing much wrong in my life. ____43____, I was bored.
I wanted more. I wanted to live brightly and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the ____44____ ones of everyday life. But I was ____45____. I had never had any ____46____ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of stress, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite ____47____ that childhood shyness.
And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really ____48____.
So I ____49____ that the small steps weren't enough. I signed up for an internship of teaching English in Vietnam, an impossibly huge step, one that ______50______ me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was ______51______and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to ______52______ everything that this very strange environment would throw at me.
I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. I'd learned to ______53______ myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home ______54______, even to myself, let alone to others. The ______55______ that had controlled my life and the self-doubt wore off.
That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.
41. A. stable B. temporary C. difficult D. demanding
42. A. tips B. rewards C. treats D. fines
43. A. Thus B. Instead C. Otherwise D. However
44. A. bitter B. clear C. grey D. sweet
45. A. proud B. innocent C. outgoing D. afraid
46. A. pride B. confidence C. interest D. shame
47. A. added to B. talked about C. got over D. suffered from
48. A. continued B. survived C. failed D. helped
49. A. figured B. promised C. predicted D. disagreed
50. A. ignored B. impressed C. annoyed D. terrified
51. A. nice B. colorful C. strange D. inadequate
52. A. doubt B. approach C. quit D. obtain
53 A. trust B. enjoy C. excuse D. forgive
54. A. unconcerned B. unsatisfied C. unchangeable D. unrecognizable
55. A. fear B. respect C. courage D. anger
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者拥有大多数人所说的美好生活。工作稳定，家庭美满，生活没有什么大问题。但是，却感觉不满足。因为作者从小是个有恐惧感，害羞不自信的人，作者想改变这一切。于是报名到越南教学，自己在陌生的环境中克服了这些缺点，变得甚至连自己都觉得不可思议。
【41题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我有一份稳定的工作可以支付生活开销。A. stable稳定的；B. temporary暂时的；C. difficult困难的；D. demanding要求高的，苛求的。根据上文“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我有地方可住，银行里的钱可以用来旅行和招待（朋友）。A. tips忠告；小费；B. rewards报酬；C. treats款待；D. fines罚款。根据文中的“money in the bank for trips”可推知, 作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：然而，我很无聊。A. Thus于是，因此； B. Instead代替，反而；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而，可是。分析句子可知，前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我想要明亮而响亮的生活，留下深刻的回忆，而不是那些灰暗的日常生活。A. bitter苦的，尖锐的；B. clear明显的；清楚的；C. grey灰色的，苍白的，阴暗的；D. sweet甜的，愉快的，快乐的。根据上文中的“I was bored.”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：但我很害怕。A. proud自豪的；B. innocent无辜的，无罪的；C. outgoing对人友好的，开朗的；D. afraid害怕的。根据But以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧，所以很害怕。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我从未对自己有过任何信心。A. pride自豪；B. confidence自信；C. interest兴趣；D. shame羞愧，羞辱。根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of stress”和“childhood shyness”可推知, 作者一直以来对自己都缺乏自信(confidence)。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我年纪大点时种情况要好一点，但我始终无法克服童年的羞怯的恐惧和不自信。A. added to增加，增添了；B. talked about谈论，讨论；C. got over克服；D. suffered from遭受。根据“and even though I did get better as I got older,”和never可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞心理。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我尝试了一切，比如阅读关于自信的书。我迈出了小小的步伐，实现了我的目标。但他们都没有真正地有帮助。A. continued继续；B. survived 幸存；C. failed 失败，没做； D. helped帮助。根据“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals.”和But可推知，尽管作者尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事(helped)。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：所以我觉得这些小的措施是不够的。A. figured认为；B. promised答应；C. predicted预测；D. disagreed不同意。根据“the small steps weren't enough.”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我报名参加了在越南教英语的实习，这是一个不可思议的巨大进步，一个既让我害怕又让我激动的一步。A. ignored忽略，忽视；B. impressed使感动，使印象深刻；C. annoyed使烦恼，使恼；D. terrified使恐怖，使惊吓。此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，由此可知这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified), 同时又使作者激动万分。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我独自一人在一个食物奇特，街道不熟悉的国家。 A. nice好的；B. colorful富有色彩的，鲜艳的；C. strange陌生的，奇怪的；D. inadequate不足够的。根据下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生(strange )。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我不知道我是否能够接近这个非常奇怪的环境会给我带来的一切。A. doubt怀疑；B. approach 接近；C. quit 放弃；D.obtain获得。根据语境，作者不知道自己是否能够贴近这个陌生的环境所抛给自己的一切。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我在越南度过了五个月，教学、探索和大笑。我学会了相信自己，我的技能，我的能力和我的决定。A. trust信任；B. enjoy享受；C. excuse原谅，为……申辩，免除；D. forgive原谅，饶恕。此处与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”形成对比，推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了自信,即相信自己。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：回到家，我已经完全改变，连我自己都认不出来了，更不用说别人了。A. unconcerned不感兴趣，不关心的；B. unsatisfied不满意的；C. unchangeable不可改变的；D. unrecognizable（人或事物）难以辨认的，无法识别的。根据“even to myself, let alone to others.”可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出来了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：控制我生活的恐惧和自我怀疑逐渐消失。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. respect 尊敬；C. courage勇气；D. anger生气。根据空后的“controlled my life”和“the self-doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese war film The Battle at Lake Changjin ____56____ (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media since it debuted around the country on September 30.
The film tells the story about how Chinese People's Volunteer soldiers held their ground during fierce cold and the enemy's more ____57____ (advance) weapons. However, the real battlefield is far ____58____ impressive. Changjin Lake ____59____ (locate) in North Korea. The war was ____60____ in severely cold winter with temperature of around -40℃. CPV soldiers did not only need to fight against enemies, but had to battle over the nature with their strong will. Chinese People's Volunteer Army won the battle by ____61____ (fight) against impossible odds. The Battle of Changjin Lake became a critical moment in the war. It is not the film itself but the ____62____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____63____ (bloody) for our country and the people ____64____ make people moved
Song Zhongping, ____65____ military expert and TV commentator, emphasized that the film shows that the Chinese people don't provoke troubles, but never flinch(退缩) when troubles come their way and are able to defeat provocations.(挑衅)
【答案】56. has aroused
57. advanced
58. more 59. is located
60. on 61. fighting
62. heroes 63. bloodily
64. that 65. a
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国战争电影《长津湖之战》的背景和引起的极大反响。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国战争电影《长津湖之战》自9月30日在全国上映以来，在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。由since可知，主句用现在完成时，主语film The Battle at Lake Changjin是单数，因此空格处是has aroused，故填has aroused。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这部电影讲述了中国人民志愿军如何在严寒中坚守阵地，以及敌人如何使用更先进的武器。空格处用形容词作定语，advance的形容词是advanced，意为“先进的”，故填advanced。
【58题详解】
考查比较级。句意：然而，真正的战场更令人印象深刻。far修饰比较级，impressive的比较级是more impressive，因此空格处是more，故填more。
【59题详解】
考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：长津湖位于朝鲜。locate是及物动词，意为“把……建在”，长津湖是位于朝鲜，应用被动语态，主语Changjin Lake是单数，因此空格处是is located。故填is located。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天，气温在零下40℃左右。根据语境可知，句子意为“战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天”，空格处意为“发生着的”，用on，是形容词作表语，故填on。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意：中国人民志愿军克服重重困难赢得了这场战役。by是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是动名词fighting，故填fighting。
【62题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。hero是可数名词，战争中的英雄不止一个，因此用复数，即heroes。故填heroes。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。空格处用副词bloodily修饰动词fought，bloodily意为“血腥地”，故填bloodily。
【64题详解】
考查强调句。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。去掉it is和设空处句子依然完整，故此处是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是not the film itself but the____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____ (bloody) for our country and the people，既有人又有物，因此空格处用that，故填that。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：军事专家、电视评论员宋忠平强调，这部电影展示了中国人不挑起麻烦，但在麻烦来的时候从不退缩，并且能够战胜挑衅。expert意为“专家”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，military是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 英国某中学的一队师生将来你校进行为期一周的参观访问。请你代表全校师生准备一篇欢迎辞。要点如下：
1.欢迎外国友人来校参观及来访的意义；
2.学校简介；
3.欢迎外国友人在参观后提出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Dear friends,
First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt welcome to all of you on behalf of our school. Your visit makes our campus full of fragrance and passion and I’m sure the exchange of views and cultures among us will promote our friendship.
Equipped with three teaching buildings, two science and technology buildings, a library, and a playground, our school has a history of over 160 years. After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions.
Wish you have a good time in our school. Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表全校师生准备一篇欢迎辞,欢迎英国某中学的一队师生来你校进行为期一周的参观访问。要点如下：
1.欢迎外国友人来校参观及来访的意义；
2.学校简介；
3.欢迎外国友人在参观后提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：representing→on behalf of
交换：swap → exchange
增进：promote→Enhance
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions.
拓展句：After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions, from which we are certain to benefit a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Your visit makes our campus full of fragrance and passion and I’m sure the exchange of views and cultures among us will promote our friendship.（运用了形容词短语full of…作宾语补足语；及高级词汇promote）
【高分句型2】Equipped with three teaching buildings, two science and technology buildings, a library, and a playground, our school has a history of over 160 years.（运用了非谓语动词，过去分词Equipped with …作状语）
第二节 （满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Having held the interschool storytelling championship for the past two years, I was the shining star of my school. When it came to choosing the right candidate to participate in such competitions, I was always the first choice. Naturally, I was once again selected to represent my school in the approaching contest this year.
Upon hearing the fact that I was chosen again, my classmates and friends acknowledged that I would undoubtedly emerge as the champion again. Consequently, I became conceited. I was so proud that I neglected the importance of practicing for the contest.
A week before the contest, my teacher Ms. Sara asked, “Selena, would you like to stand in front of the class to rehearse for the contest?” She had tutored me in the past two competitions and knew how important practice was. “Just imagine you are on the stage in the presence of the audience,” she added.
“I’m sorry, Ms. Sara,” I replied. “I have a bit of a sore throat.”
This was usually the lie I would tell whenever my teacher requested me to practice in front of the class. I always found excuses to avoid doing it because I believed that I was the best and therefore the practice was unnecessary. On one occasion, I even told Ms. Sara not to worry too much as I was well prepared for the contest. In fact, I did everything but practice my script. I only managed to glance briefly through the story the day before the contest. As the best storyteller among the students of the local secondary schools, I was too vain to practice and expected everything to be fine.
The contest was being held in the local community hall. On the day of the contest, the hall was packed. My school teachers and principal were there along with many of my classmates and schoolmates. I was the eighth contestant out of twenty in total. Those who spoke before me did extremely well. On seeing their fascinating and outstanding performance, I began to lose confidence in myself. My palms sweated heavily and I started to feel nervous.
Paragraph 1:
Soon, it was my turn to talk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Finally, results were announced after the contest.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Soon, it was my turn to talk. Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright. I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. My legs trembled and so did my voice. On seeing my terrible performance, the judges shook their heads. The supporters from my school looked at me in disappointment. I have never been so embarrassed in my life. In the end, I walked off the stage, my eyes filled with tears.
Finally, results were announced after the contest. I didn’t win any prizes—not even a consolation one. It was not surprising at all. I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara. I regretted underestimating my opponents and overestimating myself. My vanity had cost me the championship. I now regretted being so arrogant. I had learned my lesson well and finally understood the meaning of the two sayings, “Pride goes before a fall.” and “Practice makes perfect.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者狂妄自大认为自己的演讲已经很好了，在比赛前不练习，当他看到其他优秀的比赛选手后开始担心最终失败的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快，轮到我上场了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在演讲中的具体表现。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，比赛结果公布了。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到结果后的心情和吸取到的教训。
2.续写线索：上场——演讲——结束——公布结果——后悔羞愧——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 结巴：stammer/speak without fluency
② 颤抖：be all of a tremble/shake
③ 后悔：repent of/regret
④ 低估：think poorly of/underestimate
情绪类
⑤ 尴尬：be embarrassed about/awkward
⑥ 羞愧：ashamed/abashed
【点睛】[高分句型1]Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright.（现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. （as引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型3]I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara.（when引导的时间状语从句）
2022届湖南省益阳市箴言中学高三上学期第三次模拟考试（11月）英语试题
本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分。时量120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分；满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers ?
A. At an airport. B. At a bus stop. C. At a train station
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Sir, could you please help me transfer to my connecting flight?
M: No problem, madam. Do you see those signs that say “Transfer”? Just follow them and they’ll lead you to your connecting flight.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do ?
A. Ship more goods. B. Lower the price. C. Phone Mr. Smith.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello! This is Cathy from the Mackay’s. I’ve seen the goods you shipped, which are in good condition. The problem is the price. We’re wondering if you could lower it a little bit.
M: Well, regarding the price … I’ll need to call Mr. Smith before I can give you the reply.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When does the conversation probably take place ?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, can I talk to Tim in the Advertising Department?
M: Sorry, he’s in a meeting now. He’s always busy this time. You may call again later, maybe before lunch.
4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?
A. Strangers. B. Families. C. Clerk and customer.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mr. Jacob! Lovely to see you again! What can I do for you today?
M: I’d like to make a deposit into my granddaughter’s account. It’s her birthday on Friday.
W: What a thoughtful granddad! Do you have her account?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about ?
A. Using the Internet. B. Writing a book. C. Shooting a movie.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
W: How many hours do you stay online per day?
M: Well, I never counted. Maybe all the time. I write with my computer, and every now and then I need to read some references or look up a word in the dictionary. Or maybe I want to find a movie. I might look up something about certain actors or directors.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is wrong with the man ?
A. He gets allergic. B. He has a stomachache. C. He cut himself accidentally.
7. Who is the man probably ?
A. A volleyball fan. B. A volleyball player. C. A volleyball coach.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, I’ve got red spots all over my body and I’m feeling terrible now.
W: Oh, what did you have for dinner?
M: I had some steamed fish.
W: In that case, you might be allergic to seafood. I’ll give you some medicine to take. Don’t eat seafood anymore and don’t scratch your body. By the way, are you here for the Youth Olympics?
M: Yes, I’m going to try to make the volleyball team this year.
W: Really? I’m a big fan of volleyball. Good luck!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the man say are the best places to meet people ?
A. Gyms. B. Parks. C. Libraries.
9. What did the man think of the healthcare in Thailand ?
A. It was expensive. B. It was crowded. C. It was efficient.
10. Why was the man surprised when he left Thailand ?
A. He liked Thai people. B. He spoke Thai well. C. He enjoyed the life in Thailand.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: You work without a permanent residence. How do you meet people?
M: Well, there’re a couple of rules. One is to stay away from anything touristy. The best place to meet people is a gym. I also go where the locals are, places like parks and libraries.
W: How do you maintain good health when you’re living like …
M: I’ve got to eat well and exercise more. I did go to the hospital in Thailand once. But luckily the healthcare there was really cheap and efficient.
W: Okay. Did you ever have any language problems?
M: No, usually not. I lived in Thailand for four years and the language environment there really helped me a lot. I still remember that when I left, I was so surprised to see how fluently I could speak Thai.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the woman doing ?
A. Feeding the bees. B. Taking a trip. C. Hosting a program.
12. What does the woman say about the place ?
A. It ' s remote. B. It ’ s quiet C. It ’s popular.
13. What did the woman do yesterday ?
A. She had a party. B. She bought a gift. C. She took a flight.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Bees are some of the best pollinators in the world. Today we’re at a bee plant, with Bike A Bee. Hello, Henry!
M: Hello, Ann! How do you like this place? Some people say it’s a deserted village, with broken stones and bricks everywhere.
W: I think it’s quite peaceful and natural. Hmm, what is the coolest part of today?
M: Today we’re going to have a little treasure hunt. We’ll take a look at the frames and find out the queen bee. At night, we’ll attend a party. It’s held by the residents here and they’ve prepared some nice presents for you.
W: Great! I can’t wait! It’s totally worth the journey. I took a 5-hour flight and drove 2 hours to get here yesterday.
M: Just as I said, the place is quite remote.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How much does the Recreational Membership cost ?
A. $130 a month. B. $160 a month. C. $260 a month.
15 What races do both types of the membership cover ?
A. Races in Alaska. B. Races in California. C. Races in New York.
16. What will the woman do tomorrow ?
A. Visit her friend. B. Go to the club. C. Join a cycling group.
【答案】14. A 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I want to find out about joining your cycling club.
M: OK. Are you interested in membership for yourself?
W: Hmm, me and a friend, though he’s in California right now.
M: Great. We have basically two types of membership. If you’re pretty serious about cycling, there’s the Full Membership. It covers not only the ordinary cycling but also races both here in Alaska and other parts of America and it costs 260 dollars a month. If not, we also have the Recreational Membership and it costs half the price of the former. But it only provides races in Alaska.
W: I see. I just want to do some cycling in my free time, so the Recreational Membership will do. As for my friend, I still need to talk with him. Anyway, I’m planning to swing by your club tomorrow. Can you text the exact address to me?
M: Sure. I’ll do it right now.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17 Who might the listeners be ?
A. Contest judges. B. Company employees. C. Technology enthusiasts.
18. How do most people feel about virtual conferences ?
A. They ’ re convenient. B. They ’ re advanced. C. They ’ re strange.
19. Why does the speaker mention the EGU General Assembly 2020?
A. To share his experience.
B. To support his argument.
C. To draw the listeners ’ attention.
20. What is the theme of the speaker ’ s speech ?
A. The advantages of virtual conferences.
B. Virtual conferences during the lockdown.
C. Different opinions about virtual conferences.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Honorable judges, good morning! The topic of my speech today is “Virtual Conferences”. Sitting for hours before a computer screen, listening to a floating head, can be thrilling. And usually in virtual conferences, it’s hard for people to engage themselves in sharing knowledge. It lacks in-person interaction. Therefore, it’s easy to see why most people don’t love the idea of virtual conferences. However, virtual conferences, except breaking the limitations on time and space, have many other benefits. First, they’re easier on the environment. A recent review showed that the CO2 created by each researcher through conference travel ranged from 0.5 to 2 metric tons. In contrast, the carbon emissions of virtual conferences were less than 1% of that. Second, online conferences offer access to a larger and more diverse audience. The EGU General Assembly 2019 attracted just 16,200 people, while the online EGU General Assembly 2020 had over 26,000 users. Among other things, virtual conferences were born for specific social situations, such as the COVID-19 lockdown. A survey by Nature showed that 80% of their interviewees believed that some meetings should continue to be held virtually, even after the lockdown.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Despite usually being associated with the Chinese, the Lunar New Year is also celebrated in other countries. Here are several places in America to celebrate the Lunar New Year.
New York City
New York City, which has one of the largest populations of ethnic（少数民族）Chinese people outside of Asia, is a great place to experience the Lunar New Year. There are around 10 different Chinatowns in New York City. Visitors will find parades, performances and foods in most of these areas but some of the festival characteristics are unique to the particular district.
San Francisco
San Francisco's lunar New Year celebrations are the longest runnings in America. They date back to the 1860s, during the “Gold Rush” period. Today, numerous events take place around the Bay Area, but the headline is the massive Chinese New Year Parade that draws as many as 1 million viewers.
Washington DC
Washington DC has a historic Chinatown. There is a parade here with floats, firecrackers, dancers and music. The Smithsonian American Art Museum can host hands on arts and crafts events that feature performers invited from China. The Kennedy Center stages themed performances, including folk music and symphonies from China.
Chicago
Despite low temperatures in January and February, Chicago celebrates the Lunar New Year in a big way. There are two parades, usually held on different days of the same weekend. One is in the city's traditional Chinatown on the South Side, and the other takes place on Argyle Street. Asian culture is on full display during these parades, and other Chicago com munities also take part.
21. Which city has the longest history of celebrating the Lunar New Year?
A. New York City. B. San Francisco.
C. Washington DC. D. Chicago.
22. What can the Smithsonian American Art Museum do on the Lunar New Year?
A. Serve Chinese food. B. Show Chinese dancers.
C. Play Chinese court music. D. Invite Chinese art performers.
23. What common activity is held in the listed cities on the Lunar New Year?
A. Festival parades. B. English concerts.
C. The American culture weekend. D. The American-style art exhibitions.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国四个城市庆祝中国春节的方式。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“San Francisco's lunar New Year celebrations are the longest runnings in America. They date back to the 1860s, during the “Gold Rush” period.（旧金山的农历新年庆祝活动是美国最长的。它们可以追溯到19世纪60年代的“淘金热”时期。）”可知，美国旧金山庆祝春节的历史最久远，可以追溯到19世纪60年代。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The Smithsonian American Art Museum can host hands on arts and crafts events that feature performers invited from China.（史密森尼美国艺术博物馆可以举办邀请中国演员参加的手工艺术活动。）”可知，史密森尼美国艺术博物馆会在中国春节期间举办手工艺品活动，并邀请来自中国的表演者参加。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据New York City中的“Visitors will find parades, performances and foods in most of these areas but some of the festival characteristics are unique to the particular district.（游客们可以在大多数这些地区看到游行、表演和食物，但有些节日特色是该地区独有的。）”、San Francisco中的“Today, numerous events take place around the Bay Area, but the headline is the massive Chinese New Year Parade that draws as many as 1 million viewers.（今天，在旧金山湾区有许多活动，但头条新闻是吸引了多达100万观众的大型春节游行。）”、Washington DC中的“here is a parade here with floats, firecrackers, dancers and music.（这里有花车、鞭炮、舞蹈和音乐的游行。）”和Chicago中的“Asian culture is on full display during these parades, and other Chicago com munities also take part.（亚洲文化在这些游行中得到充分展示，芝加哥的其他社区也参与其中。）”可知，这四个城市在庆祝中国春节时都会举行游行活动。故选A。
B
When I was a boy, we lived 4 miles outside of town. We lived next to the forest and I would spend hours every day playing in it with the oak (橡树) and maple trees as my companions. I would climb up their limbs, sit in their shade, and feel their peace.
That is why it was so hard for me when I found myself to be a lumberjack as a young man. It wasn't just the back breaking work, the long hours, and the low pay. It was also seeing day after day beautiful trees that had grown for half a century being sawed (锯) up and cut into flooring. Still, I couldn't help but think that they looked a lot more lovely as living trees reaching up to Heaven than as dead flooring lying under my feet.
One afternoon after a long day's work, I was feeling particularly down and depressed.I decided to take a walk in the woods like I had as a boy in hopes of lifting my spirits and calming my soul. As I walked along with my aching back and tired body, I longed for those happy childhood days. I dropped my head frustratedly and looked down at the dirt. That is when I saw it: a single, red oak acorn (橡子) that had somehow survived the hungry deer and squirrels all winter long.Then I remembered something I'd read once: “Eventually an acorn becomes a forest!” I smiled, bent down, dug up a handful of dirt, and planted that little acorn, feeling peace and joy warming my heart. Then I walked back home happy once again to be a part of God's green earth.
In this life we all start out as an acorn, but whether we become a forest or not is up to us. God gives us this glorious life here to grow, learn, laugh, love,share, smile, and help others to do the same.Embrace this gift of life. Use it to every day stretch your soul towards Heaven and create a mighty forest of love.
24. Which of the following can best describe the author's childhood?
A. Carefree
B. Dull.
C. Plain.
D. Miserable.
25. What does the underlined word “lumberjack” mean in the second paragraph?
A. A person who plants trees.
B. A person who waters trees.
C. A person who cuts trees.
D. A person who protects the forest.
26. What did the author do when walking in the woods?
A. He climbed up an oak tree.
B. He planted a little oak acorn.
C. He came across a book he had ever read.
D. He found some hungry deer and squirrels.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Accepting the gift of life.
B. Taking a walk in the woods.
C. Experiencing a typical working day.
D. Refreshing the unforgettable memory.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者对森林的喜爱和在森林中种下小橡子的故事，并感悟，每个人都是一颗橡子，我们要拥抱赐予的生命，让自己成为一片森林，我们要接受生命的礼物，成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We lived next to the forest and I would spend hours every day playing in it with the oak and maple trees as my companions. I would climb up their limbs, sit in their shade, and feel their peace.(我们住在森林旁边，我每天会花几个小时在森林里玩耍，橡木和枫树是我的同伴。我会爬上树干，坐在树荫下，感受它们的宁静) ”可推知，作者的童年在森林里渡过，无忧无虑。故选A项。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“It wasn't just the back breaking work, the long hours, and the low pay. It was also seeing day after day beautiful trees that had grown for half a century being sawed up and cut into flooring.(不仅仅是因为工作累，时间长，工资低。还因为日复一日地看着那些生长了半个世纪的美丽树木被锯开，切割成地板木材) ”可推知，作者的工作是伐木工。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I smiled, bent down, dug up a handful of dirt, and planted that little acorn, feeling peace and joy warming my heart.(我笑了，弯下腰，挖了一把土，种下了那颗小小的橡子，心里感到和平与欢乐温暖了我)”可知，作者在森林散步时种了一颗小橡子。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者对森林的喜爱和在森林中种下小橡子的故事，最后一段“In this life we all start out as an acorn, but whether we become a forest or not is up to us. God gives us this glorious life here to grow, learn, laugh, love,share, smile, and help others to do the same. Embrace this gift of life. Use it to every day stretch your soul towards Heaven and create a mighty forest of love.(在这一生中，我们都是从一颗橡子开始的，但我们能否成为一片森林，取决于我们自己。上帝给了我们这个光荣的生命，让我们在这里成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑，并帮助其他人也这样做。拥抱这生命的礼物。每天用它把你的灵魂延伸到天堂，创造一个巨大的爱的森林) ”作者感悟，可知，每个人都是一颗橡子，我们要拥抱赐予的生命，让自己成为一片森林，我们要接受生命的礼物，成长、学习、欢笑、爱、分享、微笑，A项“Accepting the gift of life.(接受生命的馈赠)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
C
China is determined to land its astronauts on the moon and set up a scientific station there,according to a project leader.
Zhou Yanfei,deputy chief designer of China's manned space program,said on Friday that China wishes to use the manned lunar missions to carry out scientific surveys and technology demonstrations,explore ways to develop lunar resources and strengthen the nation's space capabilities.
＂A new wave of lunar explorations has been emerging in the world,with participants aiming to make sustainable missions to deepen knowledge of the moon and exploit resources there,"he said in a report delivered at the 2020 China Space Conference in Fuzhou,Fujian province."Unlike other nations,China must depend on its own science and technology to realize our goals."
The country is independently able to land its astronauts on the moon because it has the technologies,a group of well-trained,innovative professionals and high-efficiency research and management systems,Zhou said."However,our existing carrier rockets can't perform landing missions to the moon because they are not powerful enough.The Shenzhou- series manned spaceships are not suitable for lunar expeditions.We don't have a lunar landing capsule,"he said."Our ground support system was designed for operations in low-Earth orbit rather than on the lunar surface.
To solve the problem, we set out to produce a powerful launch vehicle. Zhou said researchers thought about two approaches-making a new heavy-lift rocket,or adjusting the next-generation rocket designed to carry astronauts,which is under development.Researchers prefer the latter approach because it would be easier to design and make and would become operational earlier.
The new rocket is being designed at the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.Its main body will be 87 meters tall,with a diameter of 5 meters,which would make it almost twice as tall as the Long March 5,currently the biggest of China's rockets.
28. Which is NOT the goal of the manned lunar mission?
A. To explore lunar resources.
B. To perform scientific experiments.
C. To set up a scientific station.
D. To strengthen the national space power.
29. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
A. China is not capable of pursuing the manned lunar program.
B. There are still difficulties in pursuing the manned lunar program.
C. There are a series of steps in the Manned Lunar program.
D. It is manageable to carry out the Manned Lunar program.
30. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon.
B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket.
C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts.
D. Producing a powerful launch vehicle is the most difficult part in the program.
31. What do the figures in the last paragraph imply?
A. The new rocket is big enough to perform landing missions.
B. The new rocket is being made to launch lunar spaceship.
C. China's scientific power has improved.
D. The new rocket will be put into use soon.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国载人月球飞行任务的目标以及当前亟待解决的问题。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Zhou Yanfei, deputy chief designer of China's manned space program, said on Friday that China wishes to use the manned lunar missions to carry out scientific surveys and technology demonstrations, explore ways to develop lunar resources and strengthen the nation's space capabilities.（中国载人航天工程副总设计师周燕飞周五表示，中国希望利用载人月球飞行任务进行科学调查和技术演示，探索开发月球资源的途径，增强国家的航天能力。）可知，载人登月任务的目标有“To explore lunar resources.”（探索月球资源），选项A；“To perform scientific experiments.”（进行科学实验），选项B；“To strengthen the national space power.”（加强国家空间力量）选项D。而选项C. To set up a scientific station. (建立一个科学站)在第一段出现，且主语是“China”（中国），并非载人登月任务的目标。故选C项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。由第四段“"However, our existing carrier rockets can't perform landing missions to the moon because they are not powerful enough. The Shenzhou- series manned spaceships are not suitable for lunar expeditions. We don't have a lunar landing capsule," "Our ground support system was designed for operations in low-Earth orbit rather than on the lunar surface.（然而，我们现有的运载火箭不能执行登月任务，因为它们不够强大。神舟系列载人飞船不适合月球探险，我们没有月球着陆舱。”“我们的地面支持系统是为低地球轨道而不是月球表面的行动而设计的。）等句可知，实施载人登月计划仍然困难重重。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“To solve the problem, we set out to produce a powerful launch vehicle.”（为了解决这个问题，我们开始制造一个强大的运载火箭。）等句可知，制造一个强大的运载火箭是这个项目中最困难的部分。选项A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon. 国家必须依靠自己去探索月球；B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket. 长征五号是中国最大的火箭。都是文中直接陈述的事实。选项C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts. 新设计的火箭不能运载宇航员。和载人月球飞行任务不一致。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由上文可知，要解决载人登月问题就要制造一个强大的运载火箭。最后一段“87 meters tall, with a diameter of 5 meters…twice as tall as the Long March 5”（高87米，直径5米，是长征5号的二倍）说明：新型火箭足够大，可以执行着陆任务。而B. The new rocket is being made to launch lunar spaceship. 新型火箭是用来发射月球太空船的；C. China's scientific power has improved.中国的科学实力有所提高；D. The new rocket will be put into use soon. 新火箭很快就要投入使用了，均和这些数据无关。故选A项。
【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。
推理判断题是考查学生透过文章表面文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要忠实与原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，找到文章中的暗示。如本文第三题， 文章中直接陈述的内容A. Nations must depend on themselves to explore the moon. 国家必须依靠自己去探索月球；B. The Long March 5 is the biggest of China's rocket. 长征五号是中国最大的火箭。都不能选。C. The newly-designed rocket will not carry astronauts. 新设计的火箭不能运载宇航员。和事实不符，不能选。
D
An international team of researchers led by Stanford University have developed rechargeable batteries that can store up to six times more charge than ones that are currently commercially available.
The advance, detailed in a new paper published on Aug. 25 in the journal Nature,could accelerate the use of rechargeable batteries and puts battery researchers one step closer toward achieving two top stated goals of their field: creating a high-performance rechargeable battery that could enable cellphones to be charged only once a week instead of daily and electric vehicles that can travel six times farther without a recharge.
The new so-called alkali metal-chlorine batteries(碱金属氯电池），developed by a team of researchers led by Stanford chemistry Professor Hongjie Dai and doctoral candidate Guanzhou Zhu, rely on the back-and-forth chemical transition from sodium chloride (Na/C12) or lithium chloride (Li/C12) to chlorine. When electrons travel from one side of a rechargeable battery to the other, recharging makes the chemistry return to its original state to await another use. Non-rechargeable batteries have no such luck. Once running out, their chemistry cannot be restored. “A rechargeable battery is a bit like a rocking chair. It tips in one direction, but then rocks back when you add electricity,” Dai explained. “What we have here is a high-rocking rocking chair.”
The researchers imagine their batteries one day being used in situations where frequent recharging is not practical or desirable, such as in satellites or remote sensors. Many otherwise usable satellites are now floating in orbit, failing to function due to their dead batteries. Future satellites equipped with long-lived rechargeable batteries could be fitted with solar chargers, extending their usefulness many times over.
For now, though, the first working design they've developed might still be suitable for use in small everyday electronics like hearing aids or remote controls. For consumer electronics or electrical vehicles, much more work remains to engineer the battery structure, increase the energy density (密度）， scale up the batteries and increase the number of cycles.
32. Why does the author mention “two top stated goals” in paragraph 2?
A. To clarify the cause of the research.
B. To describe the process of the research.
C. To explain the purpose of the research.
D. To illustrate the significance of the research.
33. How did Professor Dai explain how the new batteries work?
A. By listing figures.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison.
D By drawing a conclusion.
34. What can we learn from the passage?
A. New rechargeable batteries have been put to use.
B. New rechargeable batteries will likely be used in remote sensors.
C. Non-rechargeable batteries can return the chemistry to its original state.
D. Solar chargers are of no benefit to rechargeable batteries in future satellites.
35. What is the author's attitude to the new batteries?
A. Objective.
B. Unconcerned.
C. Doubtful.
D. Ambiguous.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学的研究团队研究出的一种碱金属氯电池，可以储存现有电池六倍的电量，有望解除人们需要频繁充电的困扰，但相关研究还在进行中，仍需要完成很多工作。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“creating a high-performance rechargeable battery that could enable cellphones to be charged only once a week instead of daily and electric vehicles that can travel six times farther without a recharge.(创造高性能的可再充电电池，使得手机能一周一充而不是每天都得充，使得电动交通工具一次充电能走六倍远的路程)”可知，这里对于新型电池有望达成目标的具体说明，其实就是在强调其意义之重大。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中引述戴教授的话“A rechargeable battery is a bit like a rocking chair. It tips in one direction, but then rocks back when you add electricity,(可再充电电池有点像摇椅。它可以朝一个方向倾泻，但之后在你充电时会摇回来)”可知，他在解释电池工作原理时进行了类比。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers imagine their batteries one day being used in situations where frequent recharging is not practical or desirable, such as in satellites or remote sensors. Many otherwise usable satellites are now floating in orbit, failing to function due to their dead batteries. Future satellites equipped with long-lived rechargeable batteries could be fitted with solar chargers, extending their usefulness many times over.(研究人员设想有一天，他们的电池会被用于不实用或不需要频繁充电的场合，如卫星或遥感器。许多本来可用的卫星现在漂浮在轨道上，由于电池耗尽而无法运行。配备长寿命充电电池的未来卫星可以安装太阳能充电器，使其使用寿命延长了许多倍。)”可推知，新的可充电电池可能会用于远程传感器。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。总览全文，作者始终站在类似新闻记者的角度，描述事实，没有发表任何个人主观的评价和看法，包括最后一段对新电池未来的展望也是就事论事地提出“For consumer electronics or electrical vehicles, much more work remains(对于消费类电子产品和电动交通工具来说，还有很多的工作留待完成)”，显然其态度是比较客观的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Slow Walking and Ageing
Getting old might not be something that’s yet to cross your mind. ___36___, so it’s something I’m sure we’d all like to control. That’s why scientists are constantly seeking out evidence that will show us what we need to do to achieve longevity.
___37___. To walk 10,000 steps a day or do three brisk 10-minute walks plays an effective role in our health. But the latest research might put a spring in your step if you’re accustomed to walking at a fast pace. That’s because the speed at which people walk is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.
According to the result of those tested, slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated ageing”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster.___38___. Professor Terrie E Moffitt, has proved that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age.
This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower gait who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three.___39___.
So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing.___40___. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!
A. Everyone wishes to keep young
B. There are various ways to exercise
C. We all know that regular exercise is good for us
D. But ageing is unavoidably going to get the better of us one day
E. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy
F. In other words, some signs even in early life will show who will live younger and healthier
G. To add insult to injury, the result also indicates the faces of slower walkers usually look older and they have smaller brains
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。人类一直致力于寻找延缓衰老，让生命更长寿的方法。科学家们有一项最新的研究，这项研究称，人类在40岁之后走路的速度变慢是他们大脑和身体衰弱的标志，文章讨论这个研究，走路速度较慢的人是不是应该加快步伐呢？
【36题详解】
下一句提到“所以我相信我们都希望能控制衰老”，呼应下文，D选项“但总有一天，衰老会不可避免地战胜我们。”切题。故选D项。
【37题详解】
下一句提到“每天走一万步或是每天三次10分钟的快步，对健康有重要作用。”呼应下文，C选项“我们都知道经常锻炼对我们有好处。”切题。故选C项。
【38题详解】
下一句提到“特里·莫菲特教授证明，走路慢是人老前几十年就会出现的问题。”呼应下文，G选项“更糟糕的是，研究发现，走得慢的人不仅身体衰老得更快，他们的脸看起来更老，他们的大脑也更小。”切题。故选G项。
【39题详解】
前文提到“研究者称，他们能够利用从三岁开始的智力、语言和运动技能测试结果，预测45岁人群的步行速度。”，呼应前文，F选项“换句话说，甚至是早期生活中，也有迹象表明哪些人会过上更健康的生活。”切题。故选F项。
【40题详解】
前文提到“研究人员表示，在年轻时测量行走速度，并理解这可能意味着什么，可能是测试延缓人类衰老治疗方法的一种方式。”呼应前文，E选项“这可能会帮助我们在年轻健康的时候改变生活方式。”切题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a ____41____ job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and ____42____, and there was nothing much wrong in my life. ____43____, I was bored.
I wanted more. I wanted to live brightly and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the ____44____ ones of everyday life. But I was ____45____. I had never had any ____46____ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of stress, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite ____47____ that childhood shyness.
And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really ____48____.
So I ____49____ that the small steps weren't enough. I signed up for an internship of teaching English in Vietnam, an impossibly huge step, one that ______50______ me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was ______51______and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to ______52______ everything that this very strange environment would throw at me.
I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. I'd learned to ______53______ myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home ______54______, even to myself, let alone to others. The ______55______ that had controlled my life and the self-doubt wore off.
That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.
41. A. stable B. temporary C. difficult D. demanding
42. A. tips B. rewards C. treats D. fines
43. A. Thus B. Instead C. Otherwise D. However
44. A. bitter B. clear C. grey D. sweet
45. A. proud B. innocent C. outgoing D. afraid
46. A. pride B. confidence C. interest D. shame
47. A. added to B. talked about C. got over D. suffered from
48. A. continued B. survived C. failed D. helped
49. A. figured B. promised C. predicted D. disagreed
50. A. ignored B. impressed C. annoyed D. terrified
51. A. nice B. colorful C. strange D. inadequate
52. A. doubt B. approach C. quit D. obtain
53 A. trust B. enjoy C. excuse D. forgive
54. A. unconcerned B. unsatisfied C. unchangeable D. unrecognizable
55. A. fear B. respect C. courage D. anger
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者拥有大多数人所说的美好生活。工作稳定，家庭美满，生活没有什么大问题。但是，却感觉不满足。因为作者从小是个有恐惧感，害羞不自信的人，作者想改变这一切。于是报名到越南教学，自己在陌生的环境中克服了这些缺点，变得甚至连自己都觉得不可思议。
【41题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我有一份稳定的工作可以支付生活开销。A. stable稳定的；B. temporary暂时的；C. difficult困难的；D. demanding要求高的，苛求的。根据上文“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我有地方可住，银行里的钱可以用来旅行和招待（朋友）。A. tips忠告；小费；B. rewards报酬；C. treats款待；D. fines罚款。根据文中的“money in the bank for trips”可推知, 作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：然而，我很无聊。A. Thus于是，因此； B. Instead代替，反而；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而，可是。分析句子可知，前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我想要明亮而响亮的生活，留下深刻的回忆，而不是那些灰暗的日常生活。A. bitter苦的，尖锐的；B. clear明显的；清楚的；C. grey灰色的，苍白的，阴暗的；D. sweet甜的，愉快的，快乐的。根据上文中的“I was bored.”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：但我很害怕。A. proud自豪的；B. innocent无辜的，无罪的；C. outgoing对人友好的，开朗的；D. afraid害怕的。根据But以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧，所以很害怕。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我从未对自己有过任何信心。A. pride自豪；B. confidence自信；C. interest兴趣；D. shame羞愧，羞辱。根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of stress”和“childhood shyness”可推知, 作者一直以来对自己都缺乏自信(confidence)。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我年纪大点时种情况要好一点，但我始终无法克服童年的羞怯的恐惧和不自信。A. added to增加，增添了；B. talked about谈论，讨论；C. got over克服；D. suffered from遭受。根据“and even though I did get better as I got older,”和never可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞心理。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我尝试了一切，比如阅读关于自信的书。我迈出了小小的步伐，实现了我的目标。但他们都没有真正地有帮助。A. continued继续；B. survived 幸存；C. failed 失败，没做； D. helped帮助。根据“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals.”和But可推知，尽管作者尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事(helped)。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：所以我觉得这些小的措施是不够的。A. figured认为；B. promised答应；C. predicted预测；D. disagreed不同意。根据“the small steps weren't enough.”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我报名参加了在越南教英语的实习，这是一个不可思议的巨大进步，一个既让我害怕又让我激动的一步。A. ignored忽略，忽视；B. impressed使感动，使印象深刻；C. annoyed使烦恼，使恼；D. terrified使恐怖，使惊吓。此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，由此可知这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified), 同时又使作者激动万分。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我独自一人在一个食物奇特，街道不熟悉的国家。 A. nice好的；B. colorful富有色彩的，鲜艳的；C. strange陌生的，奇怪的；D. inadequate不足够的。根据下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生(strange )。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我不知道我是否能够接近这个非常奇怪的环境会给我带来的一切。A. doubt怀疑；B. approach 接近；C. quit 放弃；D.obtain获得。根据语境，作者不知道自己是否能够贴近这个陌生的环境所抛给自己的一切。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我在越南度过了五个月，教学、探索和大笑。我学会了相信自己，我的技能，我的能力和我的决定。A. trust信任；B. enjoy享受；C. excuse原谅，为……申辩，免除；D. forgive原谅，饶恕。此处与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”形成对比，推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了自信,即相信自己。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：回到家，我已经完全改变，连我自己都认不出来了，更不用说别人了。A. unconcerned不感兴趣，不关心的；B. unsatisfied不满意的；C. unchangeable不可改变的；D. unrecognizable（人或事物）难以辨认的，无法识别的。根据“even to myself, let alone to others.”可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出来了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：控制我生活的恐惧和自我怀疑逐渐消失。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. respect 尊敬；C. courage勇气；D. anger生气。根据空后的“controlled my life”和“the self-doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese war film The Battle at Lake Changjin ____56____ (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media since it debuted around the country on September 30.
The film tells the story about how Chinese People's Volunteer soldiers held their ground during fierce cold and the enemy's more ____57____ (advance) weapons. However, the real battlefield is far ____58____ impressive. Changjin Lake ____59____ (locate) in North Korea. The war was ____60____ in severely cold winter with temperature of around -40℃. CPV soldiers did not only need to fight against enemies, but had to battle over the nature with their strong will. Chinese People's Volunteer Army won the battle by ____61____ (fight) against impossible odds. The Battle of Changjin Lake became a critical moment in the war. It is not the film itself but the ____62____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____63____ (bloody) for our country and the people ____64____ make people moved
Song Zhongping, ____65____ military expert and TV commentator, emphasized that the film shows that the Chinese people don't provoke troubles, but never flinch(退缩) when troubles come their way and are able to defeat provocations.(挑衅)
【答案】56. has aroused
57. advanced
58. more 59. is located
60. on 61. fighting
62. heroes 63. bloodily
64. that 65. a
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国战争电影《长津湖之战》的背景和引起的极大反响。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国战争电影《长津湖之战》自9月30日在全国上映以来，在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。由since可知，主句用现在完成时，主语film The Battle at Lake Changjin是单数，因此空格处是has aroused，故填has aroused。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这部电影讲述了中国人民志愿军如何在严寒中坚守阵地，以及敌人如何使用更先进的武器。空格处用形容词作定语，advance的形容词是advanced，意为“先进的”，故填advanced。
【58题详解】
考查比较级。句意：然而，真正的战场更令人印象深刻。far修饰比较级，impressive的比较级是more impressive，因此空格处是more，故填more。
【59题详解】
考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：长津湖位于朝鲜。locate是及物动词，意为“把……建在”，长津湖是位于朝鲜，应用被动语态，主语Changjin Lake是单数，因此空格处是is located。故填is located。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天，气温在零下40℃左右。根据语境可知，句子意为“战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天”，空格处意为“发生着的”，用on，是形容词作表语，故填on。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意：中国人民志愿军克服重重困难赢得了这场战役。by是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是动名词fighting，故填fighting。
【62题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。hero是可数名词，战争中的英雄不止一个，因此用复数，即heroes。故填heroes。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。空格处用副词bloodily修饰动词fought，bloodily意为“血腥地”，故填bloodily。
【64题详解】
考查强调句。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。去掉it is和设空处句子依然完整，故此处是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是not the film itself but the____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____ (bloody) for our country and the people，既有人又有物，因此空格处用that，故填that。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：军事专家、电视评论员宋忠平强调，这部电影展示了中国人不挑起麻烦，但在麻烦来的时候从不退缩，并且能够战胜挑衅。expert意为“专家”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，military是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 英国某中学的一队师生将来你校进行为期一周的参观访问。请你代表全校师生准备一篇欢迎辞。要点如下：
1.欢迎外国友人来校参观及来访的意义；
2.学校简介；
3.欢迎外国友人在参观后提出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Dear friends,
First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt welcome to all of you on behalf of our school. Your visit makes our campus full of fragrance and passion and I’m sure the exchange of views and cultures among us will promote our friendship.
Equipped with three teaching buildings, two science and technology buildings, a library, and a playground, our school has a history of over 160 years. After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions.
Wish you have a good time in our school. Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表全校师生准备一篇欢迎辞,欢迎英国某中学的一队师生来你校进行为期一周的参观访问。要点如下：
1.欢迎外国友人来校参观及来访的意义；
2.学校简介；
3.欢迎外国友人在参观后提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：representing→on behalf of
交换：swap → exchange
增进：promote→Enhance
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions.
拓展句：After your visit, we sincerely hope you will give us your valuable suggestions, from which we are certain to benefit a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Your visit makes our campus full of fragrance and passion and I’m sure the exchange of views and cultures among us will promote our friendship.（运用了形容词短语full of…作宾语补足语；及高级词汇promote）
【高分句型2】Equipped with three teaching buildings, two science and technology buildings, a library, and a playground, our school has a history of over 160 years.（运用了非谓语动词，过去分词Equipped with …作状语）
第二节 （满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Having held the interschool storytelling championship for the past two years, I was the shining star of my school. When it came to choosing the right candidate to participate in such competitions, I was always the first choice. Naturally, I was once again selected to represent my school in the approaching contest this year.
Upon hearing the fact that I was chosen again, my classmates and friends acknowledged that I would undoubtedly emerge as the champion again. Consequently, I became conceited. I was so proud that I neglected the importance of practicing for the contest.
A week before the contest, my teacher Ms. Sara asked, “Selena, would you like to stand in front of the class to rehearse for the contest?” She had tutored me in the past two competitions and knew how important practice was. “Just imagine you are on the stage in the presence of the audience,” she added.
“I’m sorry, Ms. Sara,” I replied. “I have a bit of a sore throat.”
This was usually the lie I would tell whenever my teacher requested me to practice in front of the class. I always found excuses to avoid doing it because I believed that I was the best and therefore the practice was unnecessary. On one occasion, I even told Ms. Sara not to worry too much as I was well prepared for the contest. In fact, I did everything but practice my script. I only managed to glance briefly through the story the day before the contest. As the best storyteller among the students of the local secondary schools, I was too vain to practice and expected everything to be fine.
The contest was being held in the local community hall. On the day of the contest, the hall was packed. My school teachers and principal were there along with many of my classmates and schoolmates. I was the eighth contestant out of twenty in total. Those who spoke before me did extremely well. On seeing their fascinating and outstanding performance, I began to lose confidence in myself. My palms sweated heavily and I started to feel nervous.
Paragraph 1:
Soon, it was my turn to talk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Finally, results were announced after the contest.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Soon, it was my turn to talk. Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright. I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. My legs trembled and so did my voice. On seeing my terrible performance, the judges shook their heads. The supporters from my school looked at me in disappointment. I have never been so embarrassed in my life. In the end, I walked off the stage, my eyes filled with tears.
Finally, results were announced after the contest. I didn’t win any prizes—not even a consolation one. It was not surprising at all. I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara. I regretted underestimating my opponents and overestimating myself. My vanity had cost me the championship. I now regretted being so arrogant. I had learned my lesson well and finally understood the meaning of the two sayings, “Pride goes before a fall.” and “Practice makes perfect.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者狂妄自大认为自己的演讲已经很好了，在比赛前不练习，当他看到其他优秀的比赛选手后开始担心最终失败的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快，轮到我上场了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在演讲中的具体表现。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，比赛结果公布了。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到结果后的心情和吸取到的教训。
2.续写线索：上场——演讲——结束——公布结果——后悔羞愧——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 结巴：stammer/speak without fluency
② 颤抖：be all of a tremble/shake
③ 后悔：repent of/regret
④ 低估：think poorly of/underestimate
情绪类
⑤ 尴尬：be embarrassed about/awkward
⑥ 羞愧：ashamed/abashed
【点睛】[高分句型1]Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright.（现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. （as引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型3]I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara.（when引导的时间状语从句）
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