高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words复习练习题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words复习练习题，共11页。试卷主要包含了a　考查冠词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He is very (具有强烈信念的)abut the prject.
2.Can yu give a mre (确切的) definitin f the wrd?
3.He had made a (彻底的) investigatin. N wnder he knew s much abut it.
4.She has always had a high (名誉) fr her excellent shrt stries.
5.The reprt, l ahead f Wrld Hearing Day n March 3, underlines the need t rapidly step up effrts t prevent the hearing lss.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
speak f; scres f; cause harm t; be aware f; stand by; in particular
1.Thugh yur idea is very gd, I still what I said earlier.
2.Being expsed t sunlight fr t much time ne’s skin.
3.On the day f Yuan Lngping’s funeral, peple went t murn him.
4.I wish t thank, ,all the peple wh have made this exhibitin pssible.
5.In sme languages yu cannt bdy parts like yur persnal pssessins.
6.Peple arund the wrld shuld the real situatin f water shrtages.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.It’s reprted that (dzen) f huses have been destryed in the fld.
2.The Chinese-style furniture in the dining hall created an atmsphere f (elegant).
3.As is knwn t us all, chemical weapns (ban) internatinally.
4.Befre the class, Miss Wang asked a questin, but all the students lked (puzzle).
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我们还是会照常去学校,除非下大雪。
, we will g t schl as usual.
2.目前,并不是每个人都支持他的计划。
is in favr f his plan at present.
3.我们努力工作为的是赚更多的钱。
We wrk hard we can earn mre mney.
4.许多学校都禁止学生在课堂上使用手机。
Many schls phnes in class.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Silent Spring
Silent Spring written by Rachel Carsn was published in 1962. Carsn wrte the bk 1 (aim) t alert peple t the damaging effects f human activities 2 natural ecsystems. And she wished t see pesticides 3 (use) in a mre respnsible, limited and carefully mnitred way. The bk cntained a lt f scientific infrmatin, research, examples and s n, 4 shwed hw precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strng and the language was 5 (elegance) and influential. Hwever, the bk was nt received psitively by everyne. It quickly became a target fr critics in the pesticide industry, wh said that Carsn’s research was nt precise. Carsn appeared in public and n televisin 6 (defend) her claims.
Carsn’s message was 7 (alarm) and its influence was immediate and far-reaching. The use f DDT 8 (ban) and the EPA was established in the US. The bk was cnsidered as 9 milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. Carsn earned a Presidential Medal f Freedm after she passed away.
The bk changed the wrld by increasing peple’s 10 (aware) f prtecting natural ecsystem.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021北京大兴高二上期末,)
Plastic-Eating Wrms
Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year. Almst half f that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up t 12 millin tns pllute the ceans. S far there is n effective way t get rid f it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stmachs f sme hungry wrms.
Researchers in Spain and England recently fund that the wrms f the greater wax mth can break dwn plyethylene, which accunts fr 40% f plastics. The team left 100 wax wrms n a cmmercial plyethylene shpping bag fr 12 hurs, and the wrms cnsumed and brke dwn abut 92 milligrams, r almst 3% f it. T cnfirm that the wrms’ chewing alne was nt respnsible fr the plyethylene breakdwn, the researchers made sme wrms int paste(糊状物)and applied it t plastic films. 14 hurs later the films had lst 13% f their mass—apparently brken dwn by enzymes(酶)frm the wrms’ stmachs. Their findings were published in Current Bilgy in 2017.
Federica Bertcchini, c-authr f the study, says the wrms’ ability t break dwn their everyday fd—beeswax—als allws them t break dwn plastic. “Wax is a cmplex mixture, but the basic bnd in plyethylene, the carbn-carbn bnd, is there as well,”she explains. “The wax wrm evlved a methd r system t break this bnd.”
Jennifer DeBruyn, a micrbilgist at the University f Tennessee, wh was nt invlved in the study, says it is nt surprising that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene. But cmpared with previus studies, she finds the speed f breaking dwn in this ne exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be t identify the cause f the breakdwn. Is it an enzyme prduced by the wrm itself r by its gut micrbes(肠道微生物)?
Bertcchini agrees and hpes her team’s findings might ne day help emply the enzyme t break dwn plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess—nt simply“millins f wrms thrwn n tp f the plastic.”
1.What can we learn abut the wrms in the study?
A.They take plastics as their everyday fd.
B.They are newly evlved creatures.
C.They can cnsume plastics.
D.They wind up in landfills.
2.Accrding t Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step f the study is t .
A.identify ther means f the breakdwn
B.find ut the surce f the enzyme
C.cnfirm the research findings
D.increase the breakdwn speed
3.It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that the chemical might .
A.help t raise wrms
B.help make plastic bags
C.be used t clean the ceans
D.be prduced in factries in future
4.What is the main purpse f the passage?
A.T explain a study methd n wrms.
B.T intrduce the diet f a special wrm.
C.T present a way t break dwn plastics.
D.T prpse new means t keep ec-balance.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020河北枣强中学高二上期末,)
The best time t try t fight glbal warming is nw! Any actin that reduces water and energy cnsumptin and the build-up f harmful gases in ur atmsphere helps t minimize the effects f glbal warming. Simple ideas that yu can easily put int practice are as fllws.
1 Even thugh sme areas experience rainfall, ther areas are shrt f water. At hme, simple actins like making sure yu turn ff the tap while brushing yur teeth will make a difference t bth the envirnment and yur water bill!
Turn ff devices (设备) that are nt in use. 2 Thus, yu can easily develp the habit f leaving smething n. Nt nly is this bad fr the devices themselves, but als yu end up wasting energy needlessly. Befre smartphnes and cmputers, there were games cnsuming n energy at all. 3 Surely, yu will enjy yurselves withut wrsening glbal warming.
Walk r cycle as much as pssible. Nt nly can these great ways make us get sme exercise, but they are the least-plluting means f transprt. Fr shrt distances, walking and cycling shuld really be yur first chices. Nwadays, there are many shared bikes available. 4
Use public transprt r carpl. If yu need t travel lnger distances, public transprt is greenest. 5 Yu culd als carpl. These are designed t save yu mney and fill up cars that wuld nrmally be driven empty n the rads.
A.Treat water as smething precius.
B.Learn smething abut water waste.
C.Electrnic devices are arund the huse these days.
D.That means yu dn’t even have t wn ne t get arund.
E.There are many devices that are gd fr the envirnment.
F.Yu can try t find plenty f ideas fr traditinal games and tys.
G.Taking the bus r subway is better than driving yur car.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021湖南张家界高二上期末,)
I wasn’t the mst ppular kid in my first year f high schl, nt even clse. I was nt interested in fashin. I preferred reading t sprts, and I had difficulty talking t bys. As a result, the first year f high schl had nt been kind t me. I had n clse friends.
The girl, Ashley, was very different frm me. She was fashinable, and she was very artistic, listening t bands I had never heard f. She was quite ppular. We were always in the same classes thrughut schl, but didn’t talk much.
During summer schl, the teacher asked us t pair up(结对) n a schl prject. Ashley didn’t seem t like wrking with me at first, but she gave in. I guessed it was because nne f her “cl” friends were in the class. We met at the library t wrk n the prject. Ashley did mst f the talking. We sat by each ther the rest f the summer and when classes ended, we cntinued t hang ut.
I admired Ashley; she was the kind f persn I thught I wanted t be. I began t wear the clthes she wre. I quit reading and started watching the TV prgrams that Ashley watched. I decided t take an art class thugh I had really wanted t take the theatre. When we started schl again, I met Ashley’s grup f friends, the “cl girls”. She was the leader f the grup. T fit in with the grup, I fllwed them arund, laughing at their jkes and agreeing with their pinins I actually disagreed with. But I didn’t say much.
One day, I went t jin the grup again. They were chatting withut nticing my arrival. One girl said, “Ashley, she just fllws yu arund, trying t be yu. She cpies yu; she desn’t have her wn persnality(个性).” Ashley replied, “I wish she culd find the grup she actually belngs t.” I was shcked and sad. I thught I had fit in with them.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I ran hme and tld my mther what had happened.

Paragraph 2:
Over the next mnth, I went thrugh a lt f changes.

答案全解全析
Unit 6 Nature in wrds
Part 3 Develping ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.precise 3.thrugh 4.reputatin
5.launched
Ⅱ by 2.causes harm t 3.scres f 4.in particular 5.speak f 6.be aware f
Ⅲ 考查固定短语。句意:据报道许多房屋在洪水中被毁。dzens f许多,几十。
2.elegance 考查词性转换。句意:餐厅的中式家具营造出一种高雅的氛围。介词f后应用名词形式。
3.are banned 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:众所周知,国际上禁止(使用)化学武器。chemical weapns与ban之间为被动关系,且该句叙述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态。
4.puzzled 考查词性转换。句意:上课前,王老师问了一个问题,但是所有的学生们看起来都很困惑。系动词lked后应用形容词作表语。puzzled感到困惑的。
易错分析
本题易误填puzzling。以-ing结尾的形容词主要用于修饰事物,表示事物的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”。以-ed结尾的形容词通常用于修饰人,表示人的感受,意为“感到……的”。
Ⅳ it snws heavily
2.Nt everyne
3.s that
4.ban students frm using
Ⅴ 考查非谓语动词。句意:卡森写这本书力求使人们意识到人类的活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填非谓语动词,aim与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词,故填aiming。
2.n 考查介词。句意同上题。the effects n...对……的影响。
3.used 考查非谓语动词。句意:她希望看到杀虫剂以一种更负责任、更有限并且被更仔细监控的方式被使用。分析可知,设空处应用过去分词作宾语补足语,see sth. dne“看到某事被做”,故填used。
4.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这本书包含了大量的科学信息、研究和实例等,这表明她作为一名科学家是多么一丝不苟。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,指代前面整个主句,故填which。
5.elegant 考查词性转换。句意: 论据是强有力的,语言优雅而有影响力。分析可知,设空处应用形容词,与influential并列,故填elegant“优雅的”。
6.t defend 考查非谓语动词。句意:卡森出现在公众场合和电视上,为自己的主张辩护。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用不定式作目的状语,故填t defend。
7.alarming 考查词性转换。句意:卡森的信息令人惊恐,其影响是直接而深远的。分析可知,设空处应用形容词作表语,故填alarming“令人惊恐的”。
8.was banned 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:DDT的使用被禁止,EPA在美国被建立。分析句子结构可知,设空处在前一个分句中充当谓语,由句意以及后面的was established可知应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was banned。
9.a 考查冠词。句意:这本书被认为是西方世界发起的绿色运动的一个里程碑。分析句子结构且结合句意可知,设空处应用不定冠词表泛指,且milestne是以辅音音素开头的单词,故填不定冠词a。
10.awareness 考查词性转换。句意:这本书通过提高人们对保护自然生态系统的意识而改变了世界。分析句子结构可知, 所有格peple’s后应用名词, 故填awareness“意识”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文为说明文,主要介绍了大蜡螟的幼虫,它胃中的酶能够降解塑料。
1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Federica Bertcchini, c-authr f the study, says the wrms’ ability t break dwn their everyday fd—beeswax—als allws them t break dwn plastic.可知,这些幼虫可以分解塑料。故选择C项。根据第三段第一句可以排除A项;根据文章第一段前两句Humans prduce mre than 30 millin tns f plastic every year. Almst half f that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up t 12 millin tns pllute the ceans.可知D项错误。B项在文中没有支持信息。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句The next step, DeBruyn says, will be t identify the cause f the breakdwn. Is it an enzyme prduced by the wrm itself r by its gut micrbes(肠道微生物)?可知,本题选择B项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess...可以推断出,将来这种化学物质可能会在工厂被生产,故选择D项。
4.C 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句话提出可能有一种除去塑料垃圾的方法,下文一直围绕这种方法展开说明,故选择C项。
【高频词汇】
1.wind up以……告终 2.get rid f摆脱 3.lie in在于;存在于
4.accunt fr 占(比例) 5.cnfirm vt. 证实 6.identify vt. 确定
长难句分析
原句 Jennifer DeBruyn, a micrbilgist at the University f Tennessee, wh was nt invlved in the study, says it is nt surprising that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene.
分析 本句为主从复合句。wh was nt invlved in the study为wh引导的定语从句;it is nt surprising that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene为宾语从句,作says的宾语;该宾语从句中的it为形式主语,that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene为主语从句。
句意 没有参与这项研究的田纳西大学微生物学家Jennifer DeBruyn说,这样的幼虫能够分解聚乙烯并不令人惊讶。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。对抗全球变暖的最佳时机就是现在!任何减少水和能源消耗以及有害气体在大气中积聚的行动都有助于将全球变暖的影响降到最低。文章介绍了可以很容易地付诸实践的几个简单方法。
1.A 根据下文Even thugh sme areas experience rainfall, ther areas are shrt f water.(尽管一些地区有降雨,其他地区却缺水。)可知本段主要讲了水资源的珍贵,A项 Treat water as smething precius.(把水视为珍贵的东西。)符合语境。故选A。
2.C 根据上文提示Turn ff devices (设备) that are nt in use.(关掉不用的设备。)和下文提示Thus, yu can easily develp the habit f leaving smething n.(因此,你很容易养成让某个东西开着的习惯。)可知设空处应起到承上启下的作用,C项Electrnic devices are arund the huse these days.(现在家里到处都是电子设备。)切题。故选C。
3.F 根据上文提示Befre smartphnes and cmputers, there were games cnsuming n energy at all.(在智能手机和电脑出现之前,有完全不消耗能量的游戏。)和下文提示Surely, yu will enjy yurselves withut wrsening glbal warming.(当然,在不加剧全球变暖的情况下,你们会玩得很开心。)可知设空处是关于从前的游戏的,F项Yu can try t find plenty f ideas fr traditinal games and tys.(你可以努力找到大量的传统游戏和玩具的想法。)切题。故选F。
4.D 根据上文提示Nwadays, there are many shared bikes available.(现在,有很多共享单车可使用。)可知,D项That means yu dn’t even have t wn ne t get arund.(那意味着你甚至不必拥有一辆自行车来出行。)承接上文,故选D。
5.G 根据上文提示If yu need t travel lnger distances, public transprt is greenest. (如果你需要长途旅行,公共交通是最环保的。)可知,G项Taking the bus r subway is better than driving yur car.(坐公共汽车或乘地铁比开车更好。)切题。故选G。
【高频词汇】
1.cnsumptin n.消耗;消费 2.minimize v.使减少到最低限度
3.be shrt f 不足;短缺 4.make a difference t...对……有影响
5.needlessly adv.不必要地 6.wrsen v.恶化;使变得更坏 7.available adj.可获得的 8.be designed t d...被设计来做……
Ⅲ.
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
I ran hme and tld my mther what had happened. She just hugged me while I cried fr hurs. I felt lnely and sad. The advice my mther gave was s simple. I had heard it a millin times, but this time it was impressive: “Just be yurself and peple will like yu fr wh yu are.” Hearing that, I stpped crying and decided t find ut wh I was. That was exactly what I did. I didn’t hang ut with Ashley and her grup any lnger.
Paragraph 2:
Over the next mnth, I went thrugh a lt f changes. I drpped the art class and jined the theatre. I began making new friends wh liked me fr wh I was. I cntinued reading, and develped my wn pinins. I never again fllwed the crwd. I built up the curage t participate in each f my schl plays, and played lead rles. The friends I made in the theatre are still my great friends nw. When lking back, I think it was in the year that I fund ut the persn I was ging t be.
写作指导
故事
要素
Place
at high schl
Character
I, Ashley, a girl f Ashley’s grup
情节
Para. 1
I wasn’t the mst ppular kid in my first year f high schl, nt even clse.
Para. 2
Ashley was very different frm me. She was fashinable, very artistic, and quite ppular.
Para. 3
During summer schl, the teacher asked us t pair up n a schl prject. Ashley didn’t seem t like wrking with me at first, but she gave in.
Para. 4
I admired Ashley and cpied her.
Para. 5
Hearing what the girl and Ashley said, I was shcked and sad.
续写
方向
Para.1
I ran hme and tld my mther what had happened.
①妈妈做了什么?
②妈妈给出了什么建议?
Para.2
Over the next mnth, I went thrugh a lt f changes.
①作者发生了什么改变?
②作者有什么感想?