精品解析：广东省广州市2021届高三一模英语试题

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2021届高三英语测试题第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body.There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.EnduranceEndurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.StrengthIf you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as "resistance training", are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.FlexibilityFlexibility exercises help stretch your body's muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.BalanceBalance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?A. By combining different exercise types together.B. By having sufficient rest between their workoutsC. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.2. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a person's breathing function?A. Strength and Balance. B. Flexibility and Balance.C. Endurance and Strength. D. Endurance and Flexibility.3. Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises? A. Arms. B. Legs. C. Waist. D. Neck.BThe history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes, Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which I’ve done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”4. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.B. A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes.C. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.D. A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.5. The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to_______.A. the discovery of microbes. B. Pasteur's theory of disease.C. Leeuwenhoek's contribution. D. the origin of the tiny organism.6 What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek's letter suggest?A. He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.B. He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.C. He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions.D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress7. What is the correct order for the following events?a. Magnifying lenses were built.b. The “theory of disease” was put forward.c. Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.d. Leeuwenhoek's first microscopes were successfully developed.e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.A. a-d-c-e-b. B. d-a-c-e-b. C. a-d-c-b-e. D. d-a-e-b-c.CAround 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Greek librarian, developed a system of marks to break up text to make it easier to read. Before this, words were often written in one long sentence without spaces between the words. Today in many languages—including English-there is a set of rules on how to use full stops, commas and other text marks. However, some believe this is changing. Dr Robert Frost, who studies language, says people no longer use full stops and other punctuation symbols because they feel their messages are clear enough without them. So, is punctuation helpful or just troublesome?Yes—punctuation is importantPunctuation is needed in order to make the meaning of written words clear. If a parent messaged to say, “It's time to eat, children,” this is different from “It's time to eat children”. The second sentence would probably make you want to run in the opposite direction because it sounds as though children were on the menu. The author Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. “It allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored,” Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the words run into each other and lose their impact.” Besides, learning the different ways punctuation marks can be used is fun. It can add a lot to the style of writing and make it clearer.No—we don't need itPunctuation. Even, if a sentence is badly punctuated, like this one: It can still be, understood. This short piece of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the symbols between them. Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, “It is the order in which the words appear that conveys the meaning, not the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people are clever enough to work out what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can still understand each other.” Also, punctuation can be confusing—there are lots of complex rules to observe, and if it is used incorrectly it can cause more problems than if there were none, punctuation simply isn't needed.8. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To discuss alternative viewpoints. B. To support one argument over another.C. To evaluate the strength of competing ideas. D. To outline historical development of language.9. Who believes punctuation is necessary?A. Robert Frost and Kelly Jones. B. Aristophanes and Robert Frost.C. Jonathan Pierce and Kelly Jones. D. Aristophanes and Jonathan Pierce.10. In paragraph 3, the underlined part is used as________.A. a definition. B. a fact. C. an example. D. an error.11. Which of the following can be a strong argument against Kelly Jones's opinion? A. Punctuation adds to the effect and richness of a language.B. Without punctuation, people would be breathless when speaking.C. Pauses and tones in speech serve similar functions to punctuation.D. The choice and order of words are important to conveying meaning.DTo many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for agriculture, honey bees, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by competing with native bees.For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media campaign to"save the bees", raising honey bees has become a popular hobby. But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizens—myself once included—to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.“Beekeeping is for people; it's not a conservation practice, "says Shelly Smith, an environmental science professor. People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. That's wrong.”Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most people’s attention is on saving honey bees when, from a conservationist's point of view, native bees are the ones in more need of support.“To make matters worse beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially benefited from the decline of native bee populations, "Smith explains. "These companies pretend they are interested in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native bee populations.”The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food,putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging competition—that is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.12. Which statement does the writer argue for? A. Honey bees endanger native bees.B. Honey bees are a symbol of wealth.C. Honey bees are important for agriculture.D. Honey bees can defend natural ecosystems.13. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?A. Beekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby.B. The media is responsible for misleading the public.C. Citizens’ attempts to protect the environment are effective.D. The media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses.14. What surprised Shelly Smith's team?A. Beekeeping companies' making great profits.B. The quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats.C. The public's ignorance of bee varieties and roles.D. Insufficient attention given to saving honey bees.15. How does the writer develop the last paragraph?A. By listing examples. B. By making comparisons.C. By analyzing survey data. D. By explaining cause and effect.第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分、满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things you say you like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours and working in your pajamas.____16____Being your own boss is definitely one big advantage.____17____ You must commit to work on your business regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income becomes non-existent.So, have set office hours where you productively work on building your business.____18____Doctors’ appointments and family commitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again, you need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you can get all of your running around done in one day.Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it can also prevent you from actually getting your work done. ____19____ After that, just walk into your office and start your day’s work. Being too casual means getting less work done on a regular basis.In order to run a successful business from home you need to have a good mindset.____20____Taking off too many hours each week will damage your financial stability and long-term success. Set goals and limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking advantage of what working from home offers.A. But it can also become your downfall without care.B. Flexible hours are another huge plus of working from home.C. Once it's achieved, you'll have more opportunities to develop business contacts.D. You may find it more efficient to get up, exercise, then shower and dress for work.E. This includes realizing that you and only you are responsible for your own income.F One of the biggest drawbacks is that it is so easy to allow yourself to have excuses.G. While these benefits sound great, the reality of working from home can be a little different.  第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little ____21____ houses face the sea. The sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and you’ll see many things that seem____22____...but they’re not.This fishing village is full of trompe l’oeil — an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die, others live for years. Why? Because they’re ___23___ on the building!Trompe l’oeil has been around for centuries. ___24___, Camogli’s fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs, so that they could see their homes ___25___ from the water. Then,in the 1700s, it became a way to make small, simple buildings look ___26___ and high-valued.And today? There are still many trompe l’oeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are ___27___ to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make a business out of it.His ___28___ are often people who want to improve their home’s ___29___. But for Carlo trompe l’oeil’s purpose is to bring something ____30____ to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities.Carlos painting style ____31____ the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason: to protect the trompe l’oeil ____32____. He also believes this art should be ____33____ everywhere.Fortunately, in Camogli, local art and culture are still ____34____. But remember, don’t always ____35____ your eyes!21. A. colored B. crowded C. damp D. wooden22. A. fancy B. novel C. real D. valuable23. A. carved B. pressed C. painted D. planted24. A. Creatively B. Mistakenly C. Frequently D. Originally25. A. closely B. easily C. happily D. hopefully26. A. comfortable B. complicated C. grand D. harmonious27. A. allowed B. available C. responsible D. introduced28. A. designers B. followers C. customers D. partners29. A. appearance B. capacity C. convenience D. privacy30. A. civilized B. faraway C. natural D. unexpected31. A. comes from B. brings about C. goes against D. leaves out32. A. artists B. buildings C. paints D. traditions33. A. accepted B. discussed C. learned D. seen34. A. changing B. alive C. diverse D. unique35. A. believe B. block C. widen D. cheat 第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea ___36___ (consume) for every cup of coffee. To___37___(full) appreciate the ancient roots of the herbal drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long history.___38___(locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the ___39___ (ten) century B.C. in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of ___40___ could be broken off and made into a powder. Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it ___41___(acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption ___42___ art form.The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are ___43___ display at the museum.Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today ___44___ (visit) can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ____45____(change) even the most passionate coffee drinker 第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40分)第一节  (满分15分)46. 假定你是李华,上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动,主题为“劳动创造美好生活( Work Creates a Better Life)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：1.活动主题；2.展示内容(烹任、急救等)；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The First Online Life Skills Show________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。It took place in a teacher’s family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school, when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother's favourite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.As the mother herself dusted the vase every day she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹) that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbour’s cat jumped in from the window and he couldn’t drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son’s nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members. Ben’s mother remained calm. She realized she shouldn’t just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea.Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became.In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mothers face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a drawer and gave him one.注意:1.续写词数应150左右The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!”______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Now with some chocolates in hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________