Unit 6 预习 新知早知道1 教材讲解 2021-2022学年 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

Ⅰ.匹配词义

A．单词匹配

(　　)1.wrap 　 A．n.融洽相处，和谐

(　　)2.soil     B．n.a plant grown in large

 quantities as food

(　　)3.harmony  C．n.土壤

(　　)4.crop     D．v.to hurt or injure sb. or to damage sth.

(　　)5.harm     E．n.包，裹

[答案]　1－5　ECABD

B．短语匹配

(　　)1.feed on     A．远到

(　　)2.pass down     B．把……传下去

(　　)3.prevent...from doing sth.

     C．再一次

(　　)4.as far as     D．以……为食

(　　)5.once again     E．防止……做某事

[答案]　1－5　 DBEAC

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．sheet n.    (冰或水等的)一大片

2．region n.     地区，区域

3．therefore adv.     因此，由此

4．shallow adj.     浅的

5．prevent v.     阻挡，防止

6．design v.     设计

7．agriculture n.   农业

8．frost n.     霜

9．dynasty n.     朝代

10．completion n.   完成，结束

Ⅰ.语境填空

region，design，harm，therefore，crop，shallow，steep，sheet，soil，agriculture

1．The design of the room made the young couple satisfied.

2．In the shallow water you can find the fish easily.

3．Once they were thrown away，plastic bags will exist for a long time and pollute soil and water.

4．He taught himself the relevant knowledge and therefore wasn't laid off by the company.

5．The mountainous region in Anhui Province is rich in beautiful tourist attractions.

6．The road was covered with a sheet of ice，so be careful while going to school.

7．What he said did harm to others and wasn't good for his future.

8．Scientific farming is the key to the further development of agriculture．

9．It is hard to imagine his climbing up that steep mountain.

10．Proper amount of rain results in the good crop．

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．The new policy is speeding up our agricultural (agriculture)development.

2．The eggplants with frosty (frost)clothes are not tasty to eat.

3．The government should pay more attention to the prevention (prevent)of destroying the environment.

4．The completion(complete)of the project put an end to our long­time restless nights.

5．The man is a world­famous fashion designer(design).

6．Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a harmonious (harmony)society.

7．An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and harmful(harm)effects of global warming.

1．Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.

随着水稻的生长，夏天见证了群山变得翠绿。

2．Secondly，although the region has plenty of rain，the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.

其次，尽管该地区雨水充沛，但山势陡峭，土层很薄。

3．The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.

平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。

名师圈点

①imagine v．想象；设想

imagination n．想象力；想象

imaginary adj.想象中的；幻想的；虚构的

②sheet n．一大片(覆盖物)；床单，被单；一张通常指标准尺寸的(纸)

③frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻

④dynasty n．朝代

the Yuan Dynasty 元朝

the Tang Dynasty唐朝

⑤completion n．完成，结束

complete adj.完全的；彻底的

completely adv.完全地，全部地；彻底地

⑥go to so much trouble to do sth./of doing sth.费尽周折做某事；不辞辛苦做某事

⑦region n．地区；区域

⑧therefore adv.因此，由此

⑨steep adj.陡的，陡峭的

⑩soil n．土壤

⑪shallow adj.浅的；肤浅的，浅薄的

⑫catch v．接(落下的液体)

⑬prevent v．阻挡，防止

⑭significant adj.重要的；影响深远的

⑮in harmony with与……协调一致/和谐

harmony n．融洽，和谐

harmonious adj.(关系)友好和睦的，和谐的；协调的

⑯design v．设计；制订

n．设计；布局；安排

⑰waterway n．水路；航道

⑱heat v．加热；(使)变热；(使)变暖

n．热；温度；炎热天气

⑲vapour n．蒸汽

⑳feed on(动物)以……为食

㉑harm v．伤害，损害

n．[U]伤害，损害

㉒crop n．庄稼，作物。常用复数形式。

㉓tradition n．传统；传统的信仰(或风俗)

traditional adj.传统的；习俗的；惯例的

㉔generation n．一代人

㉕agriculture n．农业

agricultural adj.(与)农业(有关)的

㉖maintain v．维持，保持；维修；保养

㉗attract v．吸引；引起……的兴趣

㉘admire v．欣赏，观赏；钦佩；仰慕

原文呈现

Longji Rice Terraces

1．Imagine① mountains wrapped in silver water【1】，shining in the spring sun【2】．Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.【3】During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets② of white frost③.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.

【1】 wrapped in silver water为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰mountains。

【2】shining in the spring sun为现在分词短语作伴随状语。

【3】本句中Summer为无生命名词作主语。

2．These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home 【4】．Starting in the Yuan Dynasty④，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion⑤ in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see 【5】，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.

【4】to...home为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the local Zhuang and Yao people。

【5】Reaching...see为现在分词短语作方式状语。其中as far...see为as...as sb./sth.can/could结构。

3．So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn⑥ the entire mountains into terraces？Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region⑦.Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.【6】 Secondly，although the region has plenty of rain 【7】，the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is shallow⑪.The flat terraces catch⑫ the rainwater and prevent⑬ the soil from being washed away.

【6】本句为复合句。其中Building the terraces为v.­ing形式作主语；that...rice为that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中又包含一个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句in which...rice，修饰 the areas。

【7】although...rain为although引导的让步状语从句。

4．But perhaps what is most significant⑭ 【8】is the way in which people have worked in harmony with⑮ nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed⑯，with hundreds of waterways⑰ that connect with each other.During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.【9】The sun heats⑱ the water and turns it into vapour⑲.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on⑳ insects that can harm㉑ the rice crops㉒.

【8】 what...significant为what引导的主语从句，其中what在从句中作主语。

【9】it is...terraces为强调句型，强调的是along these waterways。

5．Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions㉓ hold much value.This knowledge is passed down through families，which means that new generations㉔ continue to use ancient methods of agriculture㉕ to maintain㉖ the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract㉗ thousands of visitors who come to admire㉘ this great wonder created by people and nature working together.

译文参考

龙脊梯田

1．想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋天，满山金黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了雪白的冰霜毛毯；所有这些汇集成龙脊梯田的绚丽色彩。

2．这些梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族人民开辟的，广西就是他们的故乡。梯田的开辟从元朝开始，直到清朝初年才得以完成，历时数百年。极目远眺，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。

3．那么，这些人为什么要费尽周折地把群山变成梯田呢？首先，这个地区几乎没有大片平地。因此，建造梯田意味着他们能够增加可以种植水稻的面积。其次，尽管该地区雨水充沛，但山势陡峭，土层很薄。平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。

4．但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造了这些梯田来种植水稻。梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。在雨季，从山上淌下来的雨水就是沿着这些水道流入梯田的。太阳把雨水晒热并把它变成水汽，这就形成了积雨云，雨又降到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以损害水稻的昆虫为食。

5．虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍旧意义重大，他们是把传统看得很重要的人。这一知识通过家族传承下来，这意味着新生的一代代人继续使用古老的农耕方法来维持梯田。今天，龙脊水稻梯田吸引着成千上万的游客来欣赏这由人类和自然共同创造的伟大奇迹。